CIVIL & STRUCTURE DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & BUILT ENVIRONMENT THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA

REPORT OF SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING SEMESTER II, SESSION 2013/2014

KKKH4284 SUSTAINABLE URBAN PLANNING

Assignment : Task 5 Local Agenda 21

Lecturer : Prof. Ir. Dr. Riza Atiq Abdullah Bin O.K. Rahmat Pn. Norliza Bt Mohd Akhir Dr. Muhammad Nazri Bin Borhan

Name of Student : Nurul Afina Bt Abd Mutalib A134187

You are given a task by the mayor of your hometown to evaluate and give suggestion on how to plan the town in accordance with Local Agenda 21. Write a brief report on your evaluation and suggestion.

Figure 5.1 : The area of my hometown

Local Agenda 21 ia a comprehensive programme for action relating to sustainable development, was adopted at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Earth Summit) in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. A fundamental tenet of Agenda 21 is that development must be sustainable, that is, it must be able to meet the needs of the current generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The strategy of sustainable development is one, by which communities seek economic development approaches that benefit the local environment and, at the same time, enhance the quality of life. Local Agenda 21 grew out of Agenda 21 and is aimed at forging a partnership between local authorities and the public they serve, so that they may work together to plan and care for their surroundings within the context of sustainability. There are

six key elements according to the Local Agenda 21 Malaysia. Based of these elements, the evaluation and suggestion are listed as below :

Elements

Evaluation The involvement of multiple in

Suggestion The challenges that been facing require the respective parties be more parties focused be in undertaking focused and in in

Managing and improving the local authoritys own environmental performance

agencies

and

departments

urban management had made it difficult to coordinate many

more each

actions and in turn affects the effectiveness of those actions.

undertaking responsibility development.

every urban

The

various

roles

that

are

expected of these local authorities Good urban administration and to attain a liveable city with a high quality of living had put pressure on those authorities to acquire a strong organisation. The pressure is left more intensely by small; and medium sized local authorities that lack finance, expected management need to take into consideration the capability of each local authority as each local

authority as each differs in terms of manpower, skills and financial capacity to provide good service for its population.

manpower, skills and equipment in providing the The local authority, as the main agency responsible to urban

services.

management, needs to update the administration and management system to optimise its financial revenue including new sources, upgrade its capacity to enable towns to become more competitive and viable, strengthen human

resources by employing skilled and experienced staff as well as expand the use of technology.

The local authority, as the main agency responsible to urban

management, needs to update the administration and management system to optimise its financial revenue including new sources, upgrade its capacity to enable towns to become more competitive and viable, strengthen human

resources by employing skilled and experienced staff as well as expand the use of technology. Integrating sustainable development aims into the local authoritys policies and activity The large number of private vehicle ownership puts pressure on the capacity of the existing road network especially for larger conurbations. The inefficient Urban development needs to be carried out within a specified area to ensure urban sprawl is avoided. Towards this end, land use The sustainable development are less in these area The development of an urban system needs to be based on clear system of hierarchy so that the provision and distribution of

facilities and infrastructure will be more efficient, thus, preventing wastage of national resources.

public transportation resulted in the tendency for the urban population to opt for private vehicles instead of the public transport. In the long term, this will have negative impact on the competitiveness and the attraction of those cities to draw local and foreign investors.

development should be based on the adopted development plan and comply with and all policies, plans

programmes

action

proposed by the respective plan. Urban

Rapid urban development has contributed to the degradation of

development

should

be

environmental quality especially the quality of water, air and noise. Many rivers which are major sources of water have undergone degradation in water quality due to the pollution from domestic waste, industrial effluents,

implemented in accordance with the principles of smart growth with emphasis on redeveloping suitable areas especially in urban centres and brown field areas, preserving green purpose areas for and recreational conserving

suspended particulates from soil erosion and heavy metal pollution from factories. Air pollution has also increased due to emission from motor vehicles, industrial development and use of nonenvironmental friendly fuel

environmentally sensitive areas. This is to prevent development from encroaching upon agricultural and environmentally sensitive

areas, to promote the optimum usage of existing infrastructure and to revive the attractiveness and liveliness of the urban centres.

sources. Furthermore, increased human activities and high also

population

density have

generated noise pollution in urban areas.

Awareness raising and education

These element need to be improved.

Good access to high quality public, social and cultural facilities will contribute a great deal to the improvement of the quality of life of the Citys residents. City Hall Kuala Lumpur can provide good governance by recruiting the

participation of residents in the improvement environment. of their living

The public participation should assist in achieving sustainable

development in optimal utilisation of available resources environment, should be promoted and enhanced. The public to of should adopt Reduce, also the be 3R

encouraged concept

Reuse,

Recycle. Such programmes can be organised at a neighbourhood level. The policies that have been

formulated and the guidelines to be drafted, shall form the basis for a comprehensive framework to

guide, control and manage new development and improvement

works in Kuala Lumpur. This element has been implemented through the area. They may included residents/ tenants associations, youth club, senior citizen group, sports club, activity/hobby societies, environment/conservation organization The concept of eco-partnership, which places emphasis on the concerted stakeholders enterprises, efforts such various of as various private

Consulting and involving the general public

All parties, in particular local authorities innovative, efficient in should be more and urban

transparent promoting

development that is of quality, healthy, progressive. competitive and

government

agencies and community based and non governmental organisations (CBOs and NGOs) to carry out

study activities aimed at increasing public awareness on sustainable environment, should be promoted and enhanced.

Setting up a special environmental or local agenda 21 forum to discuss and propose solutions to

environmental problems that can be involve representatives of

group. These elements need to be improved.

Partnerships

Partnerships should have concrete value addition to the

implementation process and should be new that is, not merely reflect existing arrangements.

Partnerships should bear in mind the economic, social

dimensions in

and
of their

environmental
sustainable

development

design and implementation.

Partnerships should be based on predictable and sustained resources for their implementation, include mobilizing new resources and, where relevant, result in transfer of technology to and capacity

building in, developing countries.

Measuring, monitoring

These

element

need

to

be

and reporting on progress towards sustainability

implemented.

Those who choose to register their partnership transparent, should provide and

participatory

credible information and reporting, focussing on their contribution to the implementation of goals,

objectives and targets of Local Agenda 21.

Such reports, which should be in writing, could also include an update of progress towards stated objectives, identification lessons of learned,

opportunities,

problems, constraints and proposed solutions. Registered partnerships should submit a regular report, preferably at least on a biennial basis.

The

policies

that

have

been

formulated and the guidelines to be drafted, shall form the basis for a comprehensive framework to

guide, control and manage new development and improvement

works in Kuala Lumpur. In order to implement these measures, the Environment Unit under the Health Department of City Hall Kuala Lumpur should be strengthened to regulate and facilitate coordination with other stakeholders both inside

and

outside

City

Hall

Kuala

Lumpur

Many challenges faces the city of Kuala Lumpur in this new millennium, transformation of Kuala Lumpur into a world class city and sustainability city will certainly involve concerted efforts by all parties involved. In line with this, the importance of governance and good governance is eminent in administration of developing city like Kuala Lumpur