The Temple of Bigeh

CORNELL
UNIVERSITY LIBRARY
Cornell University Library
DT 129.B62
Temple of Bigeh
3 1924 028 626 970
......^
sa
Cornell University Library
The
original of this
book
is in
the Cornell University Library.
There are no known copyright
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text.
the United States on the use of the
http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924028626970
PROF- ET MMEt
[DB.
P.
BAiee
LES
TEMPLES IMMERGES DE LA NUBIE
SERVICE DES ANTIQUITES DE L'EGYPTE
LES
TEMPLES IMMERGES DE LA NURIE

04'S
THE TEMPLE OF BIGEH

PAR AYLWARD
M.
BLACKMAN
A-
LE CAIRE
IMPRIMERIE DE L'INSTITUT FRANCAIS
D'ARCHEOLOGIE ORIENTALE
1915
THE TEMPLE OF BIGEH

BY
AYLWARD
M.
BLACKMAN
M. A.
Laycock Student of Egyptology at Worcester College, Oxford,
Late Oxford University Nubian Research Scholar,
Formerly Scholar of Queen's College.
PREFACE.
The
following record of the Temple of Bigeh was
made
in April
and
early May,
1910. Owing
to the intense heat of the pile of granite boulders
that forms the Island of Bigeh, the

difficult,
development of negatives proved very

obtain ice from the
and although I managed

at Shellal the results
to
Sudan Government's
have been
steamers
were not altogether
satisfactory. I
helped out of
this difficulty
however by
my
friend Dr. Junker of Vienna

to
through whose friendly
offices I
obtained permission
pubhsh in
to the
this
volume
the magnificent photographs of Bigeh
Temple belonging
KonigUchen
Akademie der Wtssenschaften
at Berlin. I trust that in spite of
the
war both
Dr. Junker and the Akademie m\\ accept

sity.
my warmest thanks for
their genero-
But
have
to
thank Dr. Junker for other favours. He not only gave

I
me
much
help while
was preparing
my
manuscript, but also read through
the proofs,
making
several important suggestions
and
corrections.
My
best
thanks are also due to Mr. Griffith for editing the Demotic
p. h'l), to Professor
graffiti (see
Hunt
for editing the
little
Greek inscription on p. ^9,

full
and
to Miss Porter for again furnishing
me
with
bibfiographical parti-
culars.
Aylward M. Blackman.
Worcester College, Oxford, November 191/1.
THE TEMPLE OF BIGEH.

PART
I.
INTRODUCTION AND TEXT.

The
island of Bigeh which
last
lies
between Philae and El-Heseh

the southernmost
of. the
(PI. II, i), is,
with the exception of the

Cataract. Like
hills'''
named,
islands in the First
El-Heseh Bigeh
consists of a
number
of small rugged granite

is
intersected by winding valleys. At the water's edge, wherever there
sufficient deposit of
Nile-mud, the
thrifty inhabitants raise their scanty

II,
crop of
vegetables and dura'^', while they build their houses (PI.
and
/i)
upon
any available ledge on the

island,
is
hill-sides. In
one of the valleys, in the centre of the
the
modern
cemetery'^' with the
tomb
of the local sheykh in
its
midst
(PI. II, 3).
The temple
is
situated
on the
east shore opposite Philae,
and,
till
the raising
of the water-level by the
Aswan dam, stood some way back from

in front of the pylon, but
the river. There

little
was a stone quay or landing-stage
some
distance
away from
close
hills,
it.
This has
now
disappeared beneath the water which comes quite
up
to the
pylon
itself'*'.
Immediately behind the temple
rise the granite
upon
the boulders composing which
numbers
oi graffili are to be found.

Ill,
1).
In former years the temple was surrounded with houses'^' (PI.
These
have recently been demolished and the precincts cleared of
all
encumbrances.
Like the temples of Kalabsheh, Dendur, Ajuala and Haifa, that of Bigeh also
appears
to
have been erected on a terrace or platform, composed no doubt of
the underlying ruins of earlier edifices.

'^'
The
original substructure, however, has

1
Weigall, Report on
the Antiquities
of Lower Nubia, PI. XII,

cf.
and i; Reisner, Archaeological
Survey of Nubia, Vol.

'^'
I, Pis.
19, a, b, and 31, b;

at
Id., Pis. to
10 and 16, a (views of El-Heseh).

to the increased
Even these poor attempts
husbandry have now had
be abandoned owing
height of the water-level.

'^'
For an account of the ancient cemeteries see Reisner,

Weigall,
op. cit.. Pi. XII, 4.
op. cit., p.
102-1
1. is
(*'
My
description was written in 1910.

is full.
The temple
now (iQiS)
almost completely submerged

l5)
when
the reservoir
Weigall,
op. cit.,
PL
XII, 9, h.
i
The Temple of Bigeh.

it is
been so enveloped in modern cement that

exact nature (PI.
Ill,
now
impossible to determine
all
its
a).
Most of the temple has been destroyed,
that
now
remains being the gate-way of the pylon ''' and the greater part of the facade of
the outer hall. This facade consists of four columns'^', adorned with the elaborate
floral capitals usual in the
Ptolemaic and early
Roman
of
periods, combined with a

'^\
screen or curtain-wall of about half the height of the columns
What remains
of the outer hall
is
the
work
Ptolemy XIII, but the
reliefs
on the pylon gate-way were executed in the reign of Augustus, whose cartouches
appear above the head of the
dedicatory inscriptions
(e.
officiating
king in
all
the scenes, and also in the
g. p. /i;/) in this part of temple.
The scenes and
inscriptions on the exterior walls of the pylon gate-way are
executed in sunk relief [en creux^, as are also those on the east (exterior) face
of the screen, on the columns,
and on the
east
jambs and
interior walls of the
door-way, of the outer hall.
The scenes and

are in low relief.
inscriptions
on the interior walls of the pylon gate-way, on
the west face of the screen, and on the west
jambs of the door, of the outer
hall
Bibliography of the published plans and general views of the temple of Bigeh.
Plan of
Champollion, Notices
descriplives , I,
the
Facade.
169.
General view of the Temple (looking North).

Fbith, Egypt and Palestine Photographed and Described, vol.
I, PI.
Sa; Frith, Upper Egypt
and Ethiopia, PI. i5.
The Island and Temple of Bigeh from Philee.

Weigail, Report on
the Antiquities
of Lower Nubia, PI. XII, i.
The Facade (looking north-west).

BoNOMi and Sharpe, E^pt, Nubia, and Ethiopia,
Mariette, Voyage dans
la
PI.
LXI (photograph, dated 1869 -i860);
Haute-Egypte , PI. 80.
t^'
The lowers have disappeared except

Only three now remain and the
Cf.
for inconsiderable fragments (see pp. 91
and 22).
<^'
capital of one of
PI.
them
is
missing.
'''
Blackman, Dendur, p. 90, and
XXXII. The roof- cornice and the jambs of the facade
are destroyed.
EAST FACE OF THE PYLON GATE-WAY
SOUTH JAMB.
The Pylon Gate -Way (west face).

BoNOMi and Sharpe, Egypt, Nubia, and Ethiopia,
Frith, Upper Egypt and Ethiopia, PI.
i/i.
PI. LXII.
THE PYLON.
The East Face of the Gate-Way.
(Pis. Ill, 2
-VI,
1.)
The South Jamb^^K
SCENES
and
II
(PI. Ill, a).
These scenes are completely destroyed.
SCENE
III
(PI. IV).
The king
ins: ^
offers
to
Horus and a goddess, both of
whom
are stand-
Text.
a.
In front of the king
i__i
^^^ a<~a ^'-p- a
rr
Offering
the symbol of a million years to his father

b.
In front of Horus
??
fe'
T^rr.
mmni
em ^^
a,
I o ffive thee all lands
in peace.
c.
In front of the goddess
h]!^^ -mm^cisa
those
*^^
upon earth are
TTTT^Tni
I put the love of thee

thee. V
d.
among men;
who
are
in praise of
In a vertical line behind the goddess
-<
:
Ir'^P'*
""^^
dreds of thousands of years which are with
it,
my
heart rejoices exceedingly
when
see
it.
exalt thy
kingdom upon earth
like that of the
son of Isis.w
Archaeological details
The upper part
of the scene containing the head-dresses

is
and the names and

is
attributes of the divinities,
destroyed.
The
figure of the king
entirely
broken
away except
for part of his
hand and the symbol

5.
Horus. Head-dress no.
The goddess. Head-dress
no. 17 or
18?
''
The
architrave
and north jamb are destroyed.
= ,
SCENE IV (PI. IV).
The king
<
^^
makes
offering to Osiris
is
and
Isis,
both of
whom
are standing
The
figure of the king
destroyed.
Text.
a.
Above
Osiris in three lines
-< :
~^
b.
c.
1^ J
k
|n'^''^f
"^J
"
I
ll'rf P^'^rîT*
Utterance by [Osiris]
great god, lord
of Abaton,
August divine power, lord of Philae.

inscription in front of Osiris
Isis in
is
The
broken away.
:
Above
one vertical and two horizontal lines
^^fT\]'^
given
life,
'
ill
"^
1^ J At''^
I AAJ
'
<^'^'
Ûtterance bylsis,
mistress of Abaton, beautiful lady, mistress of Philae(?), mistress of

55
southern countries.
d.
InfrontofIsis:^;;;;;;''J*'^'" 3P^||HÎextend(?)
5;
thy territory as far as the sun-shine.

e.
In a vertical line behind
Isis
-^ !0f ^ "] (ÎJÎ^ ^"j
^=
|
1d_^H
King of Upper and Lower Egypt
Osiris-Onnophris true-of-voice
king of gods, the great Nile creating fruit-trees, the mighty flood inundating
the tillage at
its
season,
making
the field fruitful in all
its
produce ^^'.
:
-n
f.
In two horizontal lines separating scene IV
from the dado
\\^mv
The august door which
the king of
Upper and Lower Egypt Autokrator

and
for his
made
[Isis]
for his father Osiris,

55
great god lord of Abaton,
mother
Abchaeological details
Osiris.
Isis.
Head-dress no.
7.
Head-dress no. 18.
'^'
See Brugscii, Worlerb., ibio.

Cf.
(2)
r;î^>iv.5l^]t^^r;^^Si Hymn
:
to
Amon,
Cairo,
9,
3 (E. A.
W.
Budge,
Reading Book, p. agS, and see also p. 3oo).

'^'
Lit.
tf
Fertilizing Ihe field with all its fruits m (Junker).
'
EAST FACE OF THE PYLON GATE-WAY
THICKNESS OF SOUTH JAMB.
THE DADO
(PI. IV).
The decoration
an elongated
consists of the usual lotus- flowers
and buds growing out of
=^.
The Thickness of the Soulh Jamb.
(Pis.
V and
VI,
i.)
SCENES
and
11.
Entirely destroyed.
SCENE
III
(PI. V).
The king
away.
Text.
a.
offers
Mi
to
Hathor-Tefnut who
is
standing
<
The upper
parts of the head-dresses, and the texts above the king
and goddess, are broken
Behind the king
"
V T
I'MT^^
'^
i*^
"Y"
^''^^'
protection,
life,
and happiness behind him

b.
like
Re
*
for ever! n
^*"**^
-r--
MM
<
-<is>~
^^^lo hil
Offering
the w/|'''-symbol to his

life.
55
mother the Heroine [Wsr-l^
that she (Wc)
may be
given
c.
In front of Hathor-Tefnut
AJd^ ^m^ .^=^:.^
r:!
put
the fear of thee in the hearts of all the countries, v
The
king.
The part
of the head-dress that
is
preserved
is
like the correspond-
ing part of no. i3.
Hathor-Tefnut. Head-dress no. i7(?)-
SCENE IV (PI. V'
The king
standing
Text.
-<
offers incense,
and
libation in a ^^-vase, to
Horus, who
is
.
Behind the king
=
a.
^^
Re
j^t-JHr*
for ever! v
TE!^
|
''^^^
protection,
life,

b.
like
Above the king

Or wnsh;
see Junker,
"
[^] (g^l3)| ^,. ^71^^11153

cler
()
Der Auszug
5.
Hathor-Tefnut aus Nubien, p. aS. For
tlie
magical use of
this
symboi see remarks in Idem, p.
1 1
THE TEMPLE OF BtOEH.

of
King
Upper and Lower Egypt, lord of the Two Lands Autokrator, lord of
diadems Kaisaros-living-for-ever Beloved-of-Isis.jj

c.

to his
:> *_
lines
:
=^^=^^"~|
may be
,
ff
Offering
[incense] (?)
il.
august father, that he

-^
[given
life].
57
Above Horus in three
1
1
^B
'
8 (^ /m P
e.
son of Osiris
:
[^^^] o^ Abaton.
I
In front of Horus
in heaven.
55
^^ ^Lj'"^!^
îS^*'
give thee the duration
of
Re
/.
In two horizontal lines separating the scene from the dado
J\
v^' I
]|T7?i
I~
--
rî^m
^^
j
ifli 14SJ.
.]
(KH^
(^M^-^:î;
Live the good god, running(?)[. .?.

great god, lord of Abaton
his father Osiris-Onnophris true -of- voice,
king of Upper and Lower Egypt, lord of the
Two Lands
Autokrator, son of Re,
lord of diadems Kaisaros-living-for-ever Beloved-of-Isish?
The king. Head-dress
no.
1.
He
holds a i-vase for libation in his right and a

is
f -censer
in his left
fig. 1).
hand. In the latter the right -ball of incense

Horus. Head-dress no. 5.
replaced by
(see
o
Fig.
..
THE DADO
(Pis.
V and
VI,
^
1).
Hapy and Sekhet

Text. a.
carrying the usual trays of offerings.

vertical lines
:
Above and behind Hapy in three
*-^*\BS
^
sic
Ck
nsi
Mti o:iJic
may bring
to
^;s/Â'^^^
^~.-*
1 1
cfThe king of
Osiris, great god,
Upper and Lower Egypt Autokrator has come before thee,

lord of Abaton, that be
thee the Nile of Upper Egypt from the two

forth the As- vases for thy ka in
sources at his season; that be
may pour
Bigeh.
(1'
Clearly in botli photographs (Pis.
V and
VI, 1); but perhaps
Tt
Tt
hpty
is
intended,
being a mistake of the engraver for
INTERIOR OF THE PYLON GATE-WAY

h.
SOUTH WALL.
:
>-
Above and behind Sekhet
in three vertical lines
7\5
^CgM
m
*=-=^h^
'^^^
__
The king
given
life,
of
Upper and Lower Egypt Kaisaros
has become before thee, o

to thee the estate
to
Isis
mistress of Abaton, that he

all
which
is
great and rich in
good things, that
may bring he may offer
thee
all its
produce.
:
Hapy. Head-dress no. ih.
For the girdle see Dendur,
PI.
CXVUI,
is
2.
He
carries the usual tray
upon which
his
a 1- sceptre
between two
?- vases
and
two bunches of lotus-flowers. From
hands hang water-plants.
Sekhet. Head-dress no. i5 but with III replacing the three 4-trees. Her
tray
is
loaded with cakes of bread upon which three birds are placed.
From her
hands also dangle water-plants.
The Interior of the Gate-Way.

(Pis.
VH-IX.)
The South Wall.
THE FRIEZE. The
frieze consists of the
two cartouches
1 1
iC
alternating with three i-ornaments.
i:
At the west end of the
frieze is a
winged serpent
its
-<
upon a ran-sign;
it
wears the ^-crown, and has i crossing
wings (see
PI. VII).
There was doubtless another similar serpent
at the east
end of the
frieze
crowned with
SCENE
I
and facing
(PI. VII).
The king
> offers incense
and a
libation to Osiris-Onnophris
accompanied

Isis
by
and Harpokrates. Osiris-Onnophris and

first
Isis
are seated
laid
Behind them
his lips,
stands Harpokrates with the
finger of his right
hand
upon
and holding a 1|5^- plover

Text.
a.
in his left
hand.
Above the king

of
^^
j
^ (gS^l]
Egypt, lord of the
.
J?^
QIliiME)!
Autokrator,
55
The king
I
Upper and Lower
Two Lands
son of Re, lord of diadems Kaisaros-living-for-ever Beloved-of-Ptah.

b.

a libation (to) his
^^
^''^ ^
may be
:
T^ Lt
given
|
^'Offermg incense
5^
and
c.
august father that he

lines
life.
L^/'u
d.
Above Osiris-Onnophris in three
^-*
rf
j^jj
"^(
ÎJfi J
|(^
^lI'I^P"^^^*
Isis
Utterance by Osiris-Onnophris
v
of Philae. true -of- voice, great god, lord of Abaton, august divine power, lord
Above
in two lines
-^ [^ ^ ^ A "f "^^ "-"^ ^-.J J ""^''*^

]
_ak&
J-
Utterance by
?)
Isis
given
life,
mistress of Abaton, beautiful lady,
mistress of Philae.
e.
Above Harpokrates in one

* J
vertical
and one horizontal
line
->-
|
j^
Ji^
*
I
i*"l
"'"''"*^
5>
n*
^'Utterance by Harpokrates, son of Isis, son
of Osiris, lord of Abaton.
The king. His head-dress

censer which he holds in his
In his right
is
broken away as
is
also half his body.

h.
For the
left
hand,
cf.
Bendur, PI. GXV,
hand
the king holds a I- vase
from the spout of which the libation
flows in three streams on to a T-shaped offering-stand.

is
Upon
the offering-stand
one (^^-shaped and two -shaped cakes

Osiris.
(cf.
DendHir, PI. G-XI, 3).
Head-dress no. 6 without the disk above the horn.

cf.
For the dress

p.
Dendur, PI. GXVIII, 6,
PI. XI,
and see
also the
remarks on
6 of that work.
He
holds the usual
and i\
Isis.
Head-dress no. 18.
Harpokrates. Head-dress no. 3 with ^-lock of hair. The plaits of the lock are
clearly indicated.
Round
his
neck hangs the milk-amulet

cf.
(cf.
Dendur, Pis.
LV and GXIV,
3).
For the cloak,
BendHir, PI.
CXVIH,
7.
WEST FACE OF THE PYLON GATE-WAY

SCENE
II
ARCHITRAVE.
(PI. VIII).
The
is
figures have been entirely cut
away except
for a portion of the
king
who
standing
Text.
a.
>-.
Behind the king
>-^
Re
%^
J=^
"Ê"*^
-^=*
'^^^^
protection,
life,

h.
like
for ever!
In a vertical line behind the kine
>
_ Av^mi
-.

If
III
.s=
.
ft^^
\\
\m^
come
jft
LJ
J"^
TTTr. A
-^^3
forth
from the cavern

foes.
all
always at the time of evening, guarding the places of Bigeh against the
1
enter Abaton and rest until the earth lightens.

-n
cause joy to be
among
people
THE DADO
(PI. IX).
The dado consisted

any thing
of.
of vertical lines of text that are too fragmentary to
make
The West Face

(Pis.
of the
Gate-Way.
x-xvm.)
The Architrave.
SCENE i(^)(Pls. XI and XII).
The king
^ offers
to a
god who
is
seated
The
figures are
broken
away above the

Text.
A"?-
a.
waists.
In front of the kinff
[sî]
^\^-^x,
c=si3
^
given
='.
[Offering]
Mat {M^'-t)
to his
august father that he
may be
life.
SCENE
II
(Pis.
XI and XII).
The king The
offers
wine
to a
god and a goddess, both

waist.
of
whom
are seated
figures are broken
away above the
'''
Restore
parallel lo
^.
(^'
Above the north jamb.

a
10

Text.
a.
Behind the king
.
like
"^t^'^TE!^
Re
for ever!
-n
Ml
[protection,
life,
and happiness] behind him

:
b.
-^ [fc__i]| ^/*-a'^*
:
css=i
4r_-^s>^
j^^
[Offering] wine to
c.
his august father that he may be given

divinities in a vertical line
'^
life.w
Behind the two
<
em
(stc)
iyi^>| I ^2*^
sandals like
^^^ foreign countries are united beneath the
Re
for ever, w
In front of the two deities

vase and a lotus-flower.
is
a T-shaped offering-stand
upon which are a
-f-
SCENE
III
(Pis.
->
XI and XV).
offers incense
The king
are seated -
>.
and a
libation to Osiris
and
Isis,
both of
whom
The
figures of the king
and
divinities are
damaged
as in the
two previous scenes.

Text.
A
>
a.
-
:
-"^^^
^ ,*,
IT
,
^'"^^
""T^
=g=' w" <>-
Offering incense and a libation to his august father that he
may be
given
b.
life, n
In a vertical line behind the divinities
>-
m iXA ^^^
iV^
like
f f i Â Re for ever,
^^
^^^
foreign lands are united beneath the {sic^ sandals
In front of^the two divinities there are the same offering- stand, vase, and
lotus-flower, as in scene
Osiris.
II. cf.
For the dress
that of Osiris in scene
I,
interior of pylon gate-way,
south wall, p. 8.
SCENE IV O
(Pis.
-<
XI and XV).
offers
The king
'"
<2'
- (broken away)
to a
god who
is
seated'^'
>-.
Above Ihe south jamb.

As in the preceding scenes the figure of the god
is
broken away above the waist.

Text.
a.
NORTH JAMB.
rfOfferine'
11
-<
- s
w
^.
f'^^^m
Mat
(m?-<) to his [august] father
The Under Face of
the Architrave.
The whoie length

west of which
inscription
of the stone
is
occupied by a great winged scarab, to the

is
the direction in which the scarab

:
inj
single line'^)
^fl-^^Tf "i^ft ^^^l^J

w
flying
is
the following
dappled of feathers, coming forth from the horizon, within the division of
Lower Egypt.
coming
forth
God
of Edfu, great god, lord of heaven, dappled of feathers,
from the horizon, within the division of Upper Egypt,
North Jamb.
SCENE
(Pis. XI
:
and
XII).
Published
L., D., Text, IV,
174
(title
of
Khnum-Re
only).
The king
whom
are
a.
- offers a standing
-<
^-vase
to
Khnum-Re accompanied by
Satis, both of
>-.
Text.
In a vertical line behind the king

'^^^
I
-^

T@
Hh
ff
a^vw^
Avww\
'^^ 1
^^
<2
III
^^ / \
/.wwA
J c3
"""^
w?)
"^^
m
5?
thyself '^^ these thy libations that have issued from
(?), that
have come from
Bigeh, thy great sacred place, that thou(?) mayest

b.
live
Behind the king

Above the king
:
- V t
j
p.
cr
All protection, life
and happiness
c.
^
:
^(K^^J] ^(gn^rTlF^
J
King of Upper and Lower Egypt, lord
of the
Two Lands
Autokrator,
son of
Re, lord of diadems Kaisaros Beloved-of-Ptah-and-Isis.w

d.
cr
* ^ ^ """^ ^-
1
"^
=$=3
4r
life.
-<>-
A jA
Offering a ^-vase to his august father that he

e.
may be
given
y>
Above Khnum-Re in three lines
"
j
\y\Ji
V ^^ ''^
relief.
If 'l!*!^ î
1 j
"'
!^'
4i
T
I I
^
I
'
ff
III
Khnum-Re, lord of the Cataract, Utterance by '
Both the winged scarab and the inscription are carved in low
Erman, Gramm.^,
S
38i, Anm.
12
THE TEMPLE OF bIgEH.

i
great god,
within Bigeh, divine power within the Foremost of the
Nomes (Hu
Spw-t [Elephantine])."
/.
In front of
Khnum-Re
jj
-^ ^^^"'^11^^"=* 5'
:
''^
^ S^^^ *^^
great Nile at his season,
g.
Above
Satis in three lines
>
J
j^ J^
"'^
/\ ^ >- '^ ^^
Utterance by Satis the great, mistress of

all
M(?),
eye of Re, lady of heaven,
mistress of
gods, R'y-t, the mighty one in Bigeh, making the Nile issue from
his cavern in oi*der to revive the
Two
Lands.
no. 3.
Khnum-Re. Head-dress
Satis.
no. sli.
Head-dress no.
its
li.
In the middle of the

:
^-crown
is
a scorpion with
is
opposite
two front claws, so
-^. The body of the goddess
broken away.
SCENE
II
(Pis.
XI and XIH).
offers to
The king
are
(destroyed) standing
-=
Harendotes and Nephthys, both of
whom
>-.
Text.
a.
Above Harendotes in three
utterance by Har[endotes] J ! o f '1 . o son of Isis, son of Osiris, great god, lord of Abaton, divine power [shm), lord
.
I
^/S
^ -
lines
>-
|7)\k
cc
i^.
ll
of Philae(?).5,
b.
The
inscription in front of Harendotes has

is
been nearly
all
broken away
and what remains

c.
obscured with modern cement.
*
Above Nephthys
I
in
one vertical and one horizontal line
TU] |T
**
d.
'"*^
i
("I'JZô
Utterance by Nephthys the beneficent, the god's

v
sister, in the
midst of Abaton.
Behind the legs of Nephthys

w
^^ "^'^^ jf ^^
rr
Mistress of
Upper
Egypt, ruler of Lower Egypt,

e.
NORTH JAMB.
13
In front ofNephlhys
>
J'''*^^^^^' ""K)
I
I give thee the South
and North
/.
in allegiance unto thee.
In a vertical line behind Nephthys
^- %0f
"""^^"fPf^P^yp^^ti
J^T^^î ! I'^T'^'^n'^,""!!* '^"S of Upper and

Lower Egypt
of gods, a
:
lector of She-who-is-in-her-time {jmy-t-tr-s), king of kings, chief
hawk
great of strength, within Abaton, avenging his father Osiris,

his claws,
rending his enemies with

:
Harendotes, great god, lord of Abaton.
Harendotes. Head-dress no. 5.

Nephthys. Head-dress no. 16.
SCENE
III (Pis.
XIII
and XIV).
to a
The king
of
<
(broken away) makes offering
god (Geb?) and Nut, both
whom
are standing
>
Text. a. Above the god

b.
>-
Pi^
line
:
Above Nut in one
vertical
and one horizontal
>-
1^
w
I
J*
c.
J
7>
^""^
(Ti
Utterance by Nut
the beautiful mistress, within
Bigeh (^Snm).
In front of Nut
n
==
'
'
^ III I/?)
^^
as far as the
sun-shine,
d.
In a single vertical line behind Nut
itif
m^
.1
jTJin,
of
Upper and Lower Egypt

created
-n
lore
of strength, mighty of
arm, father
of the gods,
who
all
all plants, vivifying all
things
prince {rfiy)
of the gods,
The god. His head-dress

that part of 7.
is
destroyed except for the top which resembles
Nut. Only the
left
horn of the
\/ that formed part of her head-dress remains.
la
THE TEMPLE OF
BIGEII.
SCENE IV (PI. XIV).
The king ^-^ (destroyed)

standing
Text.
offers to Isis
and Harpokrates, both of
whom
are
>-
a.
Above
Isis
'i'
:
^
b.
c.
l^tTw^!
,
lliTiiT
J
cf
Philae {irh),
mistress of Upper Nubia (Hn-t-hm-nfr) R'yt
the four quarters of heaven (^nn-t).v
The
inscription in front of Isis
is illegible.
Above Harpokrates in two
vertical
and one horizontal
line
>
j
j^ ^^
pokrates, the great and mighty, eldest of Osiris, the august child
forth
who came
from
Isis.
5?
d.
In front of Harpokrates
iîj^^y,
,
,
Wm^^
\x%s/''
PA,
I give thee food
and bread without count,
e.
In a vertical line behind Harpokrates
lAf jj
At''"^''^/^'***^
Isis
given
life,
mistress of Abaton, lady, mistress of
Philae, the august, the Heroine, lady in
Upper Nubia
(^Hn-l-hn-nfr'j,
life,
lady,
princess in the four quarters (of the world), possessor of
lady of the land,

Isis
according to whose
given
life,
command
is
the destiny oi Rrl,
Rnnt
mistress of food,
mistress of Philae.
/.
In two horizontal lines separating the scene from the dado
>
m'>
^ (Mii.Kaiii ;.....ew=:4i^Pdih
Abaton, august divine power within Nubia
lines of text
ist
[Autok]rat[or], son of Re, lord of diadems Kaisaros-living-for-ever

[T',-sIi).t^
Beloved-of-Isis
W
(2)
Only two horizontal
remain
the preceding vertical lines being broken away.
z=s',n'. (fDas ^',w der Br-t
nach ihrem Befehlii (Junker).

Isis.
:
THICKNESS OF NORTH JAMB.
15
Head-dress no. 18.
Harpokrates. Head-dress no. 3 with side lock.
THE DADO
(PI. XIV).
The decoration
of the
dado
consists of the usual lotus-flowers
and buds growing
out of an elongated =:^.
The Thickness of
the
Norlh Jamb.
SCENE
(PI. XVIII, 1).

->
The king
cut
stands before Re-Harakhte.

for the arch
The lower
parts of the figures are
away
to
make room
which was inserted here when the temple
was converted
Text.
b.
into a church (see p. 36, footnote 1).
a.
Behind the king

the
Protection.
53
Above
king
-^
]
Upper and Lower Egypt, lord

diadems Kaisaros.
c.
^(^^^ Two
of the
lines
:
^..(SW^J]
1^ ^^ \k
T|
K.ing of
Lands Autokrator, son of Re, lord of
Above Re-Harakhte in two
>
j
î-^
|
/M ^^
Utterance by Re-Harakhte, great god, in the midst of Abaton.
no. i3.
Re-Harakhte. Head-dress no. 22.

SCENES
II,
III
and IV.
Destroyed by the insertion of the arch.
THE DADO
(PI.
X,
1).
A portion of the dado
is
preserved and contains parts of the usual figures of

their trays of offerings
-
Hapy and Sekhet carrying

Text.
b.
a.
Behind Hapy
:
^'-
m.T.
T *'^= T '^^P
"
"^'''-
Behind Sekhet
he(?)
^-
XX^
^'ii'=^^^
all fruits
the two granaries of thy majesty with
16
THE TEMPLE OF BtOEH.

South Jamb.
SCENE
(Pis.
XI and XV).
-
The king
>-
holding
in his right
hand stands before Horus of Edfu
[Hr Bhdty) accompanied by Hathor, both

Text.
a.
of
whom
:
are standing
>
^
*^^
y ^ J (J![j =j-' ^j-'

X,
Nw
AA>îJrl A
X^^"^
Mv\*'-
.CI
Live the good god! Receiving the harpoon, slaying the crocodiles and the beasts
which are in the water; putting

b.
his knife in the foes of his father; piercing (?)... "
Behind the king
^ V T
IT
*^
ItrTl
"^^^ protection,
life,
and
happiness behind him like Re for ever!

c.
5?
Above the king
^ ^ (K^r^j ^(WPT^^
j
]
-^
>
wKing of Upper and Lower Egypt, lord
of the
Two Lands
Autokrator, son o'

75
Re, lord of diadems Kaisaros-living-for-ever Beloved-of-Isis.

d.
In front of the king in three vertical lines
^~' 'T~' 1 4-
'T' nfcl
-^
J\
U(
-"s
1 /
-^^ti
w ^ w
I
rtThis
harpoon which
it is
bring before thee
is
thy
weapon which
upon the
slays the captured
(hippopotamus),
thy blade which pierces the crocodile.
Thou
slayest
him
and thy father
rejoices.
Thou
puttest his limbs

Isis is in
fire
v
throughout the
districts in the land.
Thy mother
vertical
gladness of heart,
lines
<
e.
Above Horus in two
and one horizontal
1^
\k'
^S
LdU fT\^
'"
Utterance by Horus of Edfu {Hr Bhdty), great god, lord of heaven.
+'+'^";
"^f-
J Jt' ''ii-(BRUGscH, Worterb., 177)
'''
For wnp see Brugsch, Worterb., aBg.
SOUTH JAMB.
17
lord of Edfu {Msny-l), Horus over the Ombite'^*, son of Osiris, the excellent heir
who
f.
issued from
Isis,
avenger of his father in Ahaton.

<
-n
In front of Horus in a vertical line
aIj
^^^
"m
"
iS^j
I give thee strength like

5?
mine own
self,
thy majesty being the
great chief of thy people.
g.
Above Hathor
i
in one vertical
and two horizontal

T''^'^
1
lines
j^
'^^
^""^
I
M\ll
W
^'
1
Utterance by Hathor
1
the great, lady of Dendereh, eye of Re,
within Bigeh,
in
Abaton
h..
In front of Hathor in a vertical line
<
J
i.
<='
1^
I
^
'^m
\fL
if
SL
I cause thy condition to flourish by the
work
of the
craftsman,
lead thy heart against the place of the foes.w

<
In a sinffle vertical line behind Hathor "
^^^p Y
^"
I
rY
(?)
Y
I
I
1
(')
Ml
j
1
*
J
M^j.
(SI^Ll.'''w^"7t?i!''"'^[]_^r^"
the foes(?) of Onnophris true-of- voice
,
[he whoslays(?)]
the mighty, the valiant one,
who
drives
back the
foes of Bigeh,
Horus
of
Edfu [Rr Bhdty).v

each horn.
no. 8 but with two additional uraei
hanging from
5,
Hathor. Head-dress no. 17.
SCENE
11
(Pis.
XI and XVI).
k8
(text a
Published
Junker, Auszug der Hathor-Tefnut aus Nubien, p.
and part of
e).
The king
niet, both of
>-
(broken away) makes offering to Thoth accompanied by Sekhare standing

-
whom
-.
Text.
a.
Above Thoth in two
vertical lines
-^
I^ Vt^
^^^^
_^
(1'
See Sethb, Sage vom Sonnenauge,
p. 5.
(2)
r j = iwt-i{l)
t(n)r cf.
(f
like myself?
v.
'^'
Copt, jccup,
this
xpo.
of sby see Erman, A. Z., i8, p. 3i, D.
(*>
:?r
I u
=sJ. For
^_ ^ _= g
_
meaning
(5)
"
18

''^n
*!jL
-c=Z^* *"
Utterance by Thoth twice great, the mighty, lord of

w
Hermopoiis [Hmnw), pacifying the F'lame [Nsr-ty^^ in Bigeh.

h.
The
inscription in front of
illegible.
Thoth
is
much broken and
is
now
covered with
cement and quite

c.
Above Sekhmet
-s
1^ t
"^^ fn
\
^=
Sekhmet
on
I the great, mistress of the
Flame
on
(Nsr-t) in Bigeh, eye of

'5
Re, diadem
his forehead, the great urseus'^^

d.
his head.
In front of
Sekhmet
in a vertical
all
Ime
-^
A
:
.^
5i
-^^î
<=>^"^
e.
wThou
hast given
thy foes unto the slaughter-house.
In a single vertical line behind
Sekhmet
<
- 101 rT|
I >**^
I I
jower Egypt
prince of truth, chief of the gods, pacifying the
Flame
(^Nsr-t) in
Bigeh by his excellent utterances, the mysterious limb that issued from Re,
designing the foundations of temples, twice great, whose likeness exists not,
Thoth twice great, the mighty, lord of Hermopoiis {^Hmnw).n

:
Thoth. Head-dress no. 27.
Sekhmet. Head-dress no. 28.

SCENE
III
(PL XVI).
-
The king
to
Shu-Arensnuphis [Kl-voh-Kw]
-<
accompanied by Tefnut, both of

Text.
""'^
I
whom
^
:
are standing
a.
Above Shu-Arensnuphis
''^
IIlj^J
f^W
to
A ^H^
e III
^'"^^^^^j;
(2
1
^^
Abaton, givmg breath

'^l
55
every nose,
whose
11'
voice
is
heard without his being seen

p.
1
But see Sethk, Sage vom Sonnenauge,
for the origin of this

2.
name.
'^'
See Sethe, Snge vom Sonnenauge, p i3, note
'*'
(*'
U st',.t (Junker). Or before he is

tf
seerni; see Blackman, A. Z.,

,
ig, io3. In Ptolemaic lexis -a. and

S
^^
are
not differentiated (see Junker, Gramm. Denderatexte
288).

b.
SOUTH JAMB.
too broken to read.
lines
: -<
19
The
inscription in front of Shu-Arensnuphis

in
is
c.
Above Tefnut
one vertical and three horizontal
im
his
i:i!):i"T,*i":'a-j:i:::iisi^ju"-by Tef[nut].
. .
[?.] great uraeus on his

fire
(?)
head, R'y-t
who burns up
enemies with the

d.
of her mouth.
In a single vertical line behind Sekhmet
<
- t0f '^ /^
If
tl
* l^j
f^jrB%^=^ZW^ZZ'^^'^M
Lower Egypt
of Abaton, of
-n
:
f^The king of
Upper and
The Ka-Pure-of-Body [K',-w'b-liwy'^\ great god,
in the midst
great august god,
who came
into
existence formerly, the wind
Shu-Arensnuphis. His head-dress

Tefnut.
is
destroyed.
Head-dress no. aS.
SCENE IV (PI. XVII).
The king

are standing
<
to Isis
accompanied by Haren-
dotes, both of
whom
-.
Text. a.
Of the
inscription above Isis only two lines, one vertical

:
and one
horizontal, are preserved ^
<
S'^Wi '('>! WJiml m.^fA 1 mm.m.\

.
. .
'^^
eiii-.
'^
Isis [in
the midst of] Abaton,

Isis
:
mistress of southern countries.
\).
In front of
55
<
J'^
^^'^*p'
'mm. I give thee all good
things
c.
Above Harendotes in two
vertical,
and one horizontal,
lines
<
i^
ff
Utterance by Harendotes, son of

Osiris.
<
Isis,
great god, lord of Abaton, excellent
avenger of his father

A.
In front of Harendotes
all
- A
'
If 'f
55
'
J\ ^*'*^
"'^^^ '^
jK.
"^
**^
^^
I give satiety to
e.
people in thy time.
In two horizontal lines separating scene IV from the dado
->
:
....
'^'
A name
for
Arensnuphis (see Junker, Auszug der Hathor -Tefnut aus Nubicn,
p. 3 9).
-^
is
variant of
(Junker).
20
I'l^'^^lH
''
Autokrator, son of Re, lord of diadems Kaisaros-
divine living-forêver^ [beloved of Osiris j, the great god, lord of Abaton, august
power, within Bigeh (6^nm).

Isis.
:
55
Head-dress no. 18.

5.
Harendotes. Head-dress no.
THE DADO
(PI. XVII).
The decoration
an elongated
consists of the usual lotus-flowers
and buds growing out
of
=^.
The Thickness of
(Pis.
the
South Jamb.
9.)
IX and XVIII,
SCENE i(Pi.
xvm,
9).
The king
Text.
a.
worships Ptah
:
who
Above the king
inside a ^-shaped shrine. |!g (Ki:r^] S^..(KTi!S

stands
<
]
King
of
0' Upper and Lower Egypt, lord of the Two Lands Autokrator, son
Re, lord of diadems Kaisaros.:?

b.
Above Ptah in a horizontal

V
line
^-^
'
f
"I'J*;
"P''*^' fattier of
i
the gods.
no. i3.
kilt
For the combination of
and broad
belt see Bend'&r, PI. GXVIII, 11,
and
Petrie, Decorative Art, p. 5 9.
Ptah.
Head-dress no. 19.

is
Ptah
If as usual. His sceptre
is
the regular combination of

is
lYf
The top
of the shrine in front, above the cornice,
decorated with a uraeus.
SCENES
II,
III,
and
IV.
Destroyed by the insertion of the arch.
THE DADO
(PI. IX).
Remains
offerings.
of figures of
Hapy and Sekhet
>
carrying their usual trays of
SOUTH PYLON-TOWER
Text,
.
WEST WALL.
-
21
a.
In a vertical line behind
U^.^^"
.
Hapv f"
>-
^'^' -^-' "=--^
Jw
^ T5 r
he
furnishes] thine offering-table with all foodw.
h.
In a vertical line behind Sekhet
em
"^^
THE NORTH PYLON-TOWER.

West Wall.
(PL XIV.)
All that
now remains
of the north pylon-tower
is
a fragment of the west wall
adjoining the gate-way.

figure of a goddess (?)
On
it is
a small portion of a scene showing part of the

-<
who
is
standing
-.
Text. a. Behind the goddess in a vertical line
<
?j<if
Jk
-f=-
7*
.<=
I
"_^
King
of
the great gods,
lords of heaven
and earth, lords of the month, making the
light to shine in
the darkness, lords of the youths (?),
who make women

-n
conceive,
when
their
majesties shine in the heaven every day.

b.
Immediately below the above scene

:
is
much
destroyed horizontal line of

e;reat
inscription
>
J^
-= ^m
-^
The
pvlon of the fore-
court
c.
Under
b are the
remains of a
vertical line of text
-<
|0f ^^ ^^
THE SOUTH PYLON-TOWER.

The West Wall.
(PL XVL)
All that
now remains
of the south pylon-tower

II
is
a fragment of the west wall.
This fragment, which adjoins scenes
and
III
of the south
:
jamb
of the gate-
way,
is
covered with text arranged in vertical lines
>
/''
ID
Bhi
i.
e.
6(?)
Aw.
22
^ 11
[..?..]
the office,
great [in] heaven, [mighty upon] earth, king (ity) of the

{igr),
cities,
underworld
lands, foreign countries(?), nomes(?),
[..?..J|. ..[..?..], great bull, lord of vigour, possessor of prince of gods, exalted of name, great one at the head of all gods,
world [nh
,
Osiris lord of the
tl),
together with his son and his two sisters, Osiris-
Onnophris true-of-vdice
h.
great god, lord of Abaton.j?

to the
Below a (adjacent
lower half of scene

i
III
of the south
jamb) in two
vertical lines
:*![?]
hlM
=^<2 '1-^
THE OUTER HALL.

Published
description.
:
See Ghampollion, Notices
descriptives ,
I,
i6o, for a general and very brief
The East Face of the Screen and Columns.

(Pis.
XIX,
aad
XX - XXIII).
SCENE
(PI.
XX).
>
The king
- offers
two
T- mirrors
to a
goddess
who
is
standing
>-.
The
heads of the king and goddess are broken away from the mouth upwards, and
the descriptive texts above
them are likewise destroyed.

:
Text.
a.
Behind the king
^ JÛ J'^^'^J V^
Re
for ever!i5
:
^?
All protection, life,
andhappiness behind him

b.
like
Beneath the king's right hand
^^ Jt ^ [^
Offering a mirror. Utte-
rance, n
c.

''"'
-^ 1 ! ^
''' (2)
Tri!
HH
:^jp^'^'^^' [J] >^ ! "^ J r ^^^^^ ^^^

^^
1
^^
.^
<^^^
thyself the disk of silver
See Erman, Gramm?,

Mistake for
384, Anm.
,
-^ ||
j.
See Junker, Grammatik der Denderatexte
45.
'
THE OUTER HALL

(VIcwr).
.
.
EAST FACE OF SCREEN AND COLUMNS.

See thy beautiful face, o lady,
23
it
is
wrought
v
for ihy ka.
beholding thy beauty,

d.
In front of the goddess
^^~T -^
sees [by day]
_
is
1 give unto thee
what [the sun]
and what the moon
in heaven
beholds.
y>
Only a small portion of the frame
of this scene
is
left.
What remains
II
exactly like the corresponding part of the frame enclosing scenes

p. 96).
and
III
(see
COLUMN
(Pis.
XXI, XXIV, and XXV).

descriptives,
I,
Published
See Champollion, Notices
i6o, for a general description and for
the cartouches in a, and the text of b; see also L., D., Text IV, 17/1, for
name and
titles
of
Halhor
at
end
of b,
and Denon, Voyage, 116,
for a
(upper band).
The
capital
and top of the column were doubtless
exactly like the correspond-
ing parts in columns 2 and 3 (see pp. 26-27 for a
full description).
Immediately
below the now destroyed
five rings,
which represent the cords that bind together
the bundle of stalks forming the shaft, are two encircling bands of inscription.
a.
The upper band
consists of repetitions of the two cartouches of Ptolemy XIII,
alternating with one another, and spaced with Hathor-heads.
The cartouches
is
and heads
rest
upon rsn-signs. On
either side of each cartouch
uraeus
from which hangs the Q-symbol.
The cartouches are

ever Beloved-of-lsis.
-< :
- Q'^^M
^P"?*
î ^
Ptolemaios-living-for-
([^1I*=^J'l:2::^y]|"'
rrHeir-of-the-god-who-saves Ghosen-of-
Ptah Doing-the-truth-of-Re (Living-form-of-) Amon.55

b.
The lower band
is
as follows
:^ T'^'^J^'^'
'^M'
'Live
-,^ji; (v;i;..^:i--yf^ T'V^1i.:::nni
the good god! Supporting heaven (gh-t), bearing up the firmament, for the
'"
See Bodge, Book of
the
Kings, H, p. ii8.
(21
Written
^J
24
king of Upper and Lower Egypt, the king of Upper and Lower Egypt, The-
Heir-of-the-god-who-saves Chosen- of- Ptah Doing-the-truth-of-Re (Living-
Form -of-) Amon
Living- for- ever,
who
is
beloved of Horus of Edfu, the great
god, the lord of heaven.
n M I "^'H (IHMinHIIS ^ ^making mother

V
">e good god!
Beautiful of hands with the sistrum,
music for
his
according
to
her desire, king of Upper and Lower Egypt, Ptoleraaios-living-for-ever Belovedof-Isis,
beloved of Hathor the great, mistress of Bigeh [Snm).-n

b
Immediately below
in
on the east side of the XXI)

-^
:
pillar is the following inscription
two vertical lines
(PI.
1 1
""^
JO
'^^
^^ cm TT
_î1mii
ir-D
0*
*)
mV
l/A^
if
Ai__
ccUtterance
:
Ym
iiiU
Osiris.
11
11^-^
Ml
-'^
-III
Ipet ijf-i) appears in the forecourt of her palace in drunkenness,
mistress of beauties (?)

sides.
She gives beauty

:
to
her house upon
its
four
She arrives
in joy
(lit.
washing) of heart, she increases their

her brother Osiris, refreshing
people, she diminishes the foes, she gives

his limbs with cool
water upon every tenth day that he
may become (?)
-ii
SCENE
II
(PI. XXII).
:
Published
See Champollion, Notices descnpiives,

i']li
I,
i6o (head
of
Khnum-Re
only), and
L., D., Text IV,
(a
title
of
Rhnum-Re
in text e).
The king
<
offers four
^-shaped ring-stands representing
(^sV-^vases^*^ to
Khnum-Re who
Text.
(1)
is
standing
^.
a.

(Junker).
<
Til
^j|^
Perhaps we should read
"^^|P Jc)
(2)
s^sic"^!
'
is
for
^^,',
(see Brugsch, Worterb.,
SuppL, i346).
(^'
v* ='n^
tfdiminishn (Junker).
C"'
See Griffith, Hieroglyphs, pp. hi and 49.
THE OUTER HALL

T^ li i Born of Satis, nursed by
.r

...
25
"^^
E^pi^y
Liive
55
the erood god
[-]
j
lord of the knife (?).
h.
Above the king
^, (^^
of
1 ;.-.>='!
C:"
^ U]
t^.
^*ifi^MP'^!^J%^^ wKing
Amon, son
Upper and Lower Egypt, lord of (the Two
Lands) Heir-of-the-god-who-saves Chosen-of-Ptah Doing-the-truth-of-Re (LivingForm-of-)

of-Isis.
5'
of Re, lord of (diadems) Ptolemaios-living-for-ever Beloved-
c.
In two horizontal lines under the king's right hand
"<
~**~^
j
y^
|
''^
f""^ lT| ^Purifying with four
(^sr-if-
vases of water. Formula.

^<
t?.
In three vertical lines in front of Ptolemv^'^'
II
H
11
-'^^
1
1
'
J\^
rjl
#^yMVMV
/MMMV
jj-
jt
^=mj'
them
'
1-^=^-0 |i"'--=J**7^^^ The

Dendereh, the second comes from the
is
rf
four%.^goddesses
The
first
are brought before thee while thou purifyest thy form therewith.
rests in
of
[hi
?5
Chamber
of
Magics
hklw^
e.
the third
Ubastet, the fourth
is
Uto.
They purify thy head every day.

:
Above Khnum-Re in three

I
vertical lines
>-
^f,^^ '^^ Ifk

east,
fJ
X!!^-*r^.!îJL
n
Joo^
Ûtterance by Khnum-Re, lord of
Bigeh (^Snm), august power, within the Foremost of the Nomes, god of the
shining in the day-time,
f.
In front of
f31
Khnum-Re
.
in a vertical line
>
f\
== J x
55
.
'
=*\^
^^
-^^kAA^^^
ffl
purify thy body from every evil thing.

in a vertical line
g.
Behind Khnum-Re
ftSf [
^ll
wKing
of
[?]
who
purifies the sacred
hawks(?) (drtyw) and their[.?.] [krr), Khnum-Re, lord
of Rigeh ((Snm).w
I"
(2)
lis
Cf.
perhaps a mistake of the engraver

rf(p. 98).
for
scenein,
(3)
^V
^ = '6
walles
was widerwartig
istu
(Brugsch, Worterb., p. 169).

i
26

:
no. a.
Khnum-Re. Head-dress
at top
no. a 4.
this
The frame which encloses

and
sides.
scene and scene

at the top is a
III consists
of a roll, or torus,
Pis.
Above the torus
winged disk (see
XIX,
i,
XXII, XXIII and XXIX), and this

(see Pis. XIX,
i
is
surmounted by a cornice adorned with uraei

either side
is
and XXIX). Outside the torus on
a single papyrusits
reed upon the head of which rests a cobra that has entwined the stalk in
long
coils.
Doubtless the serpent on the north side wore the
^-crown and
the
one on the south side the
^- crown
(cf.
pp. 3 7 and
ho and
Dendiir, Pis.
XXXII,
XXXIV, and LXXXVIII).

COLUMN
2 (Pis.
:
XIX,
,
1,
XXlII, XXIX, and XXX).

b.
Published
See L.
D., Text IV, 17/1 for the end of text
This column and column 3 have the usual elaborate floral capitals of the
period.
The
stalks of the
bundle of reeds which form the column, are actually
carved on the part of the shaft immediately below the capital. They terminate
in Gve rings which represent the cords with which the bundle
is
tied.
Beneath
these five rings there are two bands of inscription encircling the column.
a.
The upper band
consists of repetitions of the
two cartouches of Ptole-
my
by
XIII placed side by side (resting each on the sign
rsn and surmounted by
22), alternating with the figure

this figure
^^l
From
the tip of each of the f- sticks held
hangs the
^-symbol,
while the end of each stick terminates in
(not ^).
The cartouches
b.
are
^ (ÎlilEIIî!^!!!
of inscription,
is
The lower band
as follows
- T
C'^^MPf :^ j;l]|' *
ijk
ll
Driving back the foe [hrw], supporting
(?)
{hry?) heaven, king of Upper and

of-Isis,
Lower Egypt, Ptolemaios-living-for-ever (Beloved-)

Re, lord of Bigeh.75
Immediately below
b,
beloved of
Khnum-
on the east side of the
pillar, is the
"
tion in a vertical line (PI.
XXX)
cf.
<
jT|
^c= '^c^
XXXV,
1
and
following inscrip-
,.= na^ -W-,

2.
W
'^'
See Pis.
XXV and XXX
and
Dendur, Pis. XXXIV, 2 and
=1
tf
hrw -Feind^') (Junker).
THE OUTER HALL
27
|_
is
nff^l T^P
is
Formula
Heaven
is ill festival,
the
earth
IS
in joy, the two (?) divisions of the world are in in rejoicing, Bigeh (<Snm)
is
the [Place of] Truth

in
in exultation, Abaton
wonder; as
for the
n
people of Philae, their hearts are glad
when
Isis
occupies [her] shrine
COLUMN
3 (Pis.
:
XIX,
,
and XXXIV).
Text IV, 17/1 for beginning of text in vertical line beiow
h.
Published
See L. 3 has
Z).,
Column
the
same elaborate
floral
tie
capital as
column
while the
treatment of the stalks, and the cords that
them,
h.
is
identical in both cases.
Below the cords there

a.
are two bands of text a and

is
The upper band,
the
same
as
on column
except that the
Wi -svmbols
face
I.
>-.
The lower band,
is
as follows
I I
"f-ÎPf ^^!i^f
M'
't(TE
stretches out the
!!P'?'!î*'~^ J
ntl^'^
Live the good god,
who
firmament, king of Upper and Lower Egypt, Ptolemaios-living-for-ever Belovedof-Isis,
beloved of Osiris, great god, lord of Abaton.

h
n
is
Immediately below
a vertical line (see PI.
on the east
:
side of the
column
the following text in
XXXIV)
~~ "^ (^{^^^^'A^'SXÂW
&/ilJ"l"m^=-ii "^/Ji'l ^H
I
"Abaton, Bigeh, Edfu, Thebes, Dendereh, 6

5 )
5)
Mem-
phis, for ever
and ever! Triumphant

is
is
the sun in his disk, the prince (sr) of
the gods, over his foes. Triumphant

of the gods, over [his] adversaries.
57
Osiris, the
moon-god Thoth,
the prince
SCENE
III
(PL XXIII).
The king
Text.
a.
>-
offers four
"J-
vases
to
Osiris-Onnophris
:
who
is
standing
[
<
-.
Behind the king in a
vertical line
>
iSf --
jP)
ot
.
-^^^^
^"^
'^^''"^'^S
Lower Egypt
'"
1
I'l
:
^ ^ ^
whom
^Py
(^^^ JuiVKER,
-^^
/_|j
Empty
Kmg
Upper and
.
Child of Satis,
the mistress of
nursed.
.[.?.].
5?
'
I'l
^*''"
I T
Gratnmatik der Denderatexle , S 77, 4)? Cf. Brugsch,
Thes.,
1876, andBRUGSCif,
Worterb., Suppl.,
812,
for variations.
i.
28

h.
Directly behind the king
>-
^^ IB
57
All protection,
life,
and
happiness [behind him like Re for ever!].

c.
Above the king

|
^
of
^J.ÎlEÎI^ÎD
-3^
Zl.(î
!P'^!î'~'
':':King
Upper and Lower Egypt, lord (of the Two Lands)
Heir-of-the-god-who-saves Chosen-of-Ptah Doing-the-truth-of-Re (Living-formof-)
Amon,
son of Re, lord (of diadems) Ptolemaios-living-for-ever Reloved-
of-Isis. V
d.
In front of the king in three vertical lines
'''
>
"ip
* ^s=
[i i]
c'Encircling with four ms-f-vases of water.
Formula
The nms-t-yase comes
before thy majesty,
it
purifies
thy body.
These august vessels enoble they
members. The
Selkis.
T)
first is Isis,
the second Nb-t-F'g, the third Sothis, the fourth
e.
Above Osiris- Onnophris in two
vertical
and one horizontal
lines
(2)3
<
=
ri!~i-1(iiI131t
f^* ^
i =r^:H--f^=
the tor-purification
'^^
:
Utterance by Osiris- Onnophris, great god, lord of Abaton, the

for
first
purified
and
whom was made

>>
Osiris lord of the
Underworld (?) (dwl-tf).

f.
In front of Osiris -Onnophris in a vertical line

-'Horus, Thoth, Geb,
-e-
V" '^ % "^ a

for cleansing
(?).
^^f]fj
g.
Sepa
(5p?)
f").
I(?) give
them
55
Rehind Osiris-Onnophris in a
vertical line
^ ^j^
\.
-^ X*=c-H-ri
'''
Cf.
scene
II,
d, p. 26.
1^)
Paralieie
geben l(m',-nftwr
6. a.
(Junker).
<*'
This text seems
to identify the four
nms-i- vases with these four gods? In d they are called
Isis,
Nh-t-F'g, Sothis, and
Selkis.
THE OUTER HALL

wKing
of
WEST FACE OF SCREEN AND COLUMNS.

:
29

ny-swl?) of gods.
Horus, lord of cleansing, purifying his body

is
with nms-<- vases. The abomination of his majesty
filth.
Osiris -Onnophris
[king]
(^sc.
no.
Osiris-Onnophris. Head-dress no. 7.
He wears
PI.
the usual short kilt combined with a broad belt

1); the latter is held
is
(cf.
Dendur,
CXVIII,
up with narrow
straps passing over the shoul-
ders.
Below the scene
row
of |^f^- birds, each resting
upon a ^^^--sign,
and with * under the uplifted arms.
The West Face of the Screen and Columns.

(Pis. VI, 9,
XIX, 9 and XXIV-XXVIII and XXXVI-XL.)
SCENE
(PI.
XXV).
is
The scene
destroyed except for the feet and parts of the legs of the figures,
which show that the king stood
in front two gods.
The scraps
of text that
remain are undecipherable.

Beneath
this
scene there
is
a dado of conventionalised lotus-flowers and buds.
COLUMN
(Pis. VJ, 2,
XXIV, XXV, and XXVI).
For the bands of inscription and decoration that encircle the top of the
column
see p. 28.
-<
The king
- stands before Hathor
>
who
holds his right hand in her
left,
and with her right hand puts the -i^-symbol

Text.
a.
to his nose.
Behind the king in a
vertical line (PI.
XXIV)
<
Tni^*"!
^ j^= J
=
ccLive the
good god! The image

his
(^ssp-nh) of
great of strength,
mighty of arm before
mother, son of Re, lord of diadems Ptolemaios-living-
for-ever Beloved-of-Isis. v
h.
Behind the king

like
^
75
"^
^^^^^
^^^^
^"^ happiness
behind him
Re
for ever!
"
30
THE TEMPLE OF BtGEH.

c.
Above the king
^ iS^ % {\^'^\Wî'" ^ J
vertical lines
:
Son of Re Ptolemaios
,
living-foi-ever Beloved-of-Isis.
d.
ff
Above Hathor in two
1^
^^^
I
-"^^r-
Utterance by Hathor the great, mistress of Bigeh [Sninj.-n

e.
In front of Hathor in a vertical line
jf^'''^^
P*"^^^^
^ ^
^-^-^ZZ I put
for thee
my
life
55
into thy nostrils,
health and
stability [into]
thy body, o lord of the

/.
Two
Lands.
t
of
'
^'-= i~^'^f4"^^^[>3>^' ^- rrQueen

:
Behind Hathor in a
vertical line (PI.
XXV) :^-"lltif^^=j^|*,Ti1
Wosret
in
Dendereh, beautiful of countenance,
with the four faces, great in the south, mighty in the north, ruler in the east
and west, Hathor
the great, mistress of
Bigeh (^{S)nm).v
no. 2.
He wears a broad
left
belt as well as a kilt (cf. Dendur, PI.
CXVIH,
1).
In his
hand he holds
and /i.
Immediately below
this
scene are a a line of text in large hieroglyphs, and h
a band of decoration consisting of empty cartouches between hawk-headed lions. a (Pis. VI, 2 and XXV). In a horizontal line
'^1ill:^^|
^
m\\^^'î'%\
"
^^^^
^^
&ô^ E^^
'
Uniting with Hathor, enlarging

55
[Ptolem]aios-living-for-ever Beloved-of-Isis.
h (Pi. VI, 2).
00
Above each cartouch, which

^-^B^-signs placed each
rests
upon a r^n-sign,
is
H
r^n-
The
lions sit
on
above
^.
The
lion
on the north
side of the cartouch lion

is
wears
M,
the one on the south side JjL., In front of each
a sceptre
composed of the combined signs j'V"
SCENE
II
(PI.
^
XXVI).
The king
(1'
- comes out of the royal residence (symbolised by i

is,
to
go
to
See Griffith, Hieroglyphs, p. 36. One side of the | as well as the top
|
in our example,
decorated with
-ornaments.
THE OUTER HALL

the temple. In front of

<
31 -,
him
are two standards preceded by a priest

III, Pi.
who
is
burning incense
Text.
a.
(cf.
scene
XXVIII, and L., D., IV, 71, a).

-<
Above the standards
in three horizontal lines
l|^
i
W^
ot
^m
his for
1^ *^
house
'""^
f#f
''"
'
\4/
he son
Re
comes forth from
making music (?)
in front of
road)'^'. w
(3)
him
making a way
him, while the standards (^blmwY^^ clear (the
Aw^^
J
j^
-^^^
1
1 1 1
f^
Wepwawet
of the north,
power
of heaven. Thoth, twice
great, lord of Hermopolis.
c.
In front of and between the two standards in three vertical lines
<
^=i#
wbS'S
tf
Utterance bv the Tillar-of-his-mother'

?
who
cleanses the
Great House, and censes the Uraeus-goddess [Vr-t^-n
Ulterance by the Shmty
and
Nsr-t-n
Thy way
['-'^Y^]
is
clear unto earth in Bigeh; there are

(?).
55
no impurities
near [thee]
d.
enemies
Above the scene in a horizontal
line
<
- ^'^ XoTii/
,The king
of
j>^_|^^^^^^J^(JîwJ(,,
(^shmty),
Im'^^'^^^^ U^per and Lower
Egypt, shining in the red crown, beautiful of appearance in the double diadem
coming
forth from the purification to the shrine of his mother, perform{ir iht) for his father, n
ing the ceremonies
(1'
Cf.
j]
...-j
^^^
left
ft
{hhnw)
V^^^
-=> i^
c:
The
priests carrying standards
clear her
'^'
way unto her abodei. Brugsch,
Worterh., 43o.
is
This sentence has been
incomplete by the sculptor for lack of space; there
no lacuna
after
'3'
^.
Cf.
\/^**^^f T [
m
r'
Wepwawet
[rl
of the South,
power of the Two Lands

2
! ^
(L., D., IV, 71,0).!?
'*'
See Sethe, Zur Sage vom Sonnenauge, p. 10-12 (esp. footnote

Restore to
on
p. 11).
1
'''
wl-t-k
P
w',-t= Copt. r-^Y")? ^^^
*^^'
1^
^^^x^'^^T' ^"^
3? H i iv.
'^'
^*r
C^R^scH, W6rterb., 85i).

like
is
shaped something
32

:
no. 2.
He wears
PI.
the usual short kilt combined with

1
a broad belt (of. Dendur,

(of.
CXVIII,
1).
In his right hand he holds a long |-staff
DendUr, PI. LI),
and
in his left a
T-mace and the -ih-symbol.

are of the regular form, long poles terminating in a
The standards. They
"^by an
perch, and surmounted in the one case by a jackal

ibis
J^, and
is
in the other
j^He
offers a
The
Pillar-of-his-Mother53.
^-pot of incense. He
is
clothed in a
panther skin in the usual fashion; his figure
much damaged.
to the cornice
Above
e is
a frieze (PI.
It
XXVI) corresponding
on the east face
of the screen.
is
consists of the following designs. In the centre resting
on
^^
a large disk with a winged scarab in the midst. This scarab grasps the
symbol
in
its
hind
feet.
Above the larger disk
is
a smaller one flanked with
pendant uraei, and furnished with wings that droop down on either side of the
larger disk.
that
The uraeus on
side the
the north side wears the
^-crown
of
Lower Egypt,
on the south
M- crown
is
of
Upper Egypt. Laid transversely upon
the wings near each uraeus
a S-feather, the quill of which terminates in
Q.
At either end of the
frieze is a
winged uraeus whose body

end wears the
is
coiled through a
Q- symbol. The uraeus

the south end the
of
at the north
^- crown,
is
and the one
at
M-crown. Both snakes
protect with their wings a cartouch

:
Ptolemy
XIII.
The cartouch
in front of the northern snake

is
>
(YR^
WH'îlV}
^îtt3j
|-
That in front of the southern snake
^^ (viHi^*^'!
and
b.
^0^^ cartouches are surmounted by
JE.
is
Between each cartouch and the central design

a.
a vertical line of text, a
On
the north side
-^ '^^"HIZ'Î^^Tf '^^=^^
"Horus
w
of Edfu, great god, lord 0? Msn-t, dappled of plumage, rising in the horizon,
b.
Onthesouthside:^-'^^"|[^^f.^^=^
XXVII).
side of this
^lorus of Edfu,
v
great god, lord of heaven, dappled of plumage, rising in the horizon,
COLUMN
2 (PI.
The north-west
column
is
decorated with four pairs of genii or
THE OUTER HALL

the other,
33
demons arranged one above

adjacent wall.
commencing
at the level of the top of
the screen and continuing almost as far
down
as the top of the
dado on the
Row
Text.
Two
jackal-headed genii
>-
a.
In front of the foremost in a vertical line
>-
"^^
T1JH
"^^^^
n
Osiris.
55
^^Nb-nh-w',s (Lord-of-life-and-happiness), great god, in the
il-t
of
b.
In front of the hindermost in a vertical line

in the
Sm^
C-3
1
^dwy (Slasher), great god,
house of
Isis.
IBCHAEOLOGICAL DETAILS
The foremost demon holds

holds one in either hand.
^v^-knife in his
left
hand, the hindermost
Row
2.
Two
='
ox(?)-headed genii
:
Text. a. In front of the foremost in a vertical line
>-
J "][><=
b.
4= '''J
tw
[. .?.
]-hr(l)
-faced?), great god, in his il-t.v
Infrontof the hindermost in a vertical line

r>
Tj"
__
îlw'
vKl(l^-'msnf, great god
Each demon holds a N^^-knife

.
in his left hand.
Row
Text.
3.
Two
^^
snake-headed genii
>-.
a.
>-
iM 01^^
w
^
b.
rN'y (serpent), great god,
in the //sm(n)-house.
>-
m^^ w.
Both demons hold
1 in their left,
and
*< in their right,
hand.
(2)
^-^
''^^^
H sic
a mistake for
hsmn natron,
'
34
Row
Text.
h.
Two human-headed
genii
>.
a.

(Slasher), preat god, in the
:
>-
Jf\
5;
^ ^
1
1
-^^^
^*''B i^V
b.
ff'ji/,
-house.
>-
^ ^
ii!l
ll'^^^l
great god, in Philae {Hl-Hnl).n
The foremost demon has

his left
'^- snake on
his
head and
carries a
X^- knife
in
hand. The hindermost,

left,
who perhaps
has a uraeus on his forehead (?),
holds 1 in his
the
and
in his right
hand. For the decoration at the base of

1,
column
see Pis. XXVII,
XXIX, and XXXVI,
and
cf.
Pis.
XXXVI,
and
XL and
COLUMN
DendHir, Pi.
XXXIV.
3 (Pis.
XXXIX and XL).

side of this
The south-west
column,
like the north-west face of
column
is
decorated with genii or demons in four rows.
Row
Text.
One hawk-headed
In front of
genius only
<
a.
him
in a vertical line
->
1^
M(?)
J
|^.<a^
1 '"^^^^
1
..
-w^p
b.
Cf
Utterance by Sin (The Runner), great god, in

vertical line
Behind him in one

1^**^
,
and a
bit
1^
Ji
|^
j^
,1^3=^
f^
"Utterance by the watchers,
who watch
their lord
and who never sleep while repelling the adversaries,

The demon holds a X^-knife
in either hand.
Row
2.
-
damaged
Text.
-.
Two
genii, the foremost
hawk-headed, the hindermost much
a.
ly]
'^jj^
J^lt
>
^[J^
(1)
Utterance by Dr (The Swift One), great god in Philae.
7?
is
certain.
" ^ :
THE OUTER HALL

b.

:
35
V l|j.^
^^B
... Horus, great god in the house of

The foremost demon holds
a X^^-knife in either hand.
Row
Text.
b.
3.
Two much
injured genii
:
a.
In front of the foremost

: ->
-*
-.
r9r\^~^
^ff^m.^^
Ombos.
In front of the hindermost
i7)
m='^=\
^,
Either
demon
holds a knife in his right hand.
Row
h.
Two
,
almost effaced hawk-headed (?) genii

:
->
<
-.
Text. a. In front of the foremost in a vertical line
I'f
int.i=iri
Nfr-h'J (^1)
b.
great god in Abaton.

:

ff
<
1^ 2
(')
^5|^
1
1
^^
**A
Utterance by 'pr-phwy(l^, great god, in Btgeh (^Snm).'n
Both demons hold a 'V.-knife in either hand.
SCENE
III
(PI. XXVIII).
The king
by the
>-
comes out,
as in scene II,
from the royal residence, preceded
Pillar- of-his- Mothers?

a.
{In-mw-t-f) and the jackal- and ibis-standards.

in
Text.
Above the standards
two horizontal lines
>
J\ %#^
(^~^HiJ!fiiT^<^ "~:i:"Theso
of
Re comes
forth from his house like
Re when he shines
V
in the horizon.
He
enters the house of the August, the Heroine (^Sps-t Wsr-t).-n

b.
Immediately adjoining a are the two cartouches of Ptolemy XIII
c.
Above the In-mw-t-f, and between the two standards,
I il
Jl"^
>f-
(')
i:&
M.
(')
5.
36
THE TEMPLE OF bIGEH.
C\^=0_j(')^
Great Houses?
i
ct
Utterance by the THlar-of-his-Mother'
who
purifies the
Utterance by
crowned with Uto, mistress of Pe, the
great one, mistress of
Thy way
is
in rejoicing without (?)[. .?..];

95
triumph
d.
is
in front of thee; thou encirclest

line
Abaton in gladness.
:
Above the scene in a horizontal
"
%Af [|J
|||
4f
king of Upper and Lower Egypt, shinmg in the white crown, beautiful of
appearing in the palace, entering into the temple of [Onjnophris-triumphant
to
perform the ceremonies
Osiris (?) the beneficent
god, lord of Abaton.
5?
Akchaeological details
The
king. Head-dress no.
with
J^
above
II.
it.
He
holds the same
emblems
as in scene
The Pillar-of-his-Motherw. The same
as in scene
II.
The
bed on
frieze p.
above scene
III is
exactly the
same
as that
above scene
II,
descri-
82.
THE ENTRANCE TO THE OUTER HALL.

(Pis.
XXTX-XL.)
The entrance
which
open
is
to the outer hall divides in half the screen, or to
curtain-wall,
built
between the columns of the fagade between

it
shut off the hall from the

like the usual
court'^' that lay
and the pylon. This door
Ptolemaic
and Roman. screen-door'^', has no architrave either on the

screen. Instead there
is
east or west side of the
a slight projection at the top of either

is
jamb
in which,
on the east
face of the screen,
the
upper socket
for the door-pivot.
These
projections are
surmounted by the ordinary palm-branch cornice

is
(Pis.
XXIX,
XXXIV and
'^'
XXXVI)'^' which
continued throughout the interior of the doorway
In this court a church
must have been erected in Christian times. The foundation of the apse
on
PI. I,
is still visible
in the threshold of the entrance to the outer hall (see the ground-plan
a).
and
Pis.
XIX,
and XXXVI,
The arch
in the pylon
gateway must also have formed part of the
church.
'^'
Cf. similar
doors at Edfu, Philae, Dendilr, Kalabsheh and Dakkeh.
(3)
Petrie, Decorative Art, pp. 98 and 99.
THE ENTRANCE TO THE OUTER HALL

as well (Pis.
EAST FACE
NORTH
JAMB.
37
XXXI, XXXII and XXXV). Beneath the whole length

of the east face of the east
of the cornice
face of
and down the outer edge
jambs and the west
the west jambs runs the roll or torus, ornamented with a pattern of binding ^'^
(Pis.
XXIX, XXXIV and XXXVI).

East Face.
The North Jamb.
(PI.
XXIX.)
Published
See Demon, Voyage, 129,
for decoration on cornice.
On
is
the edge of the jamb, outside the torus and continuing into the cornice,
sits
a single papyrus stem upon the head of which
Uto in the form of a cobra,

stalk of the
wearing the |^-crown of Lower Egypt t. The snake entwines the

plant in
its
long
coils.
THE CORNICE.
In the centre of the cornice
of
it.
is
a large
^g with
winged scarab
in the midst
Above
floats the solar disk
furnished with pendulous uraei and wings that

.
droop down on either side of the iSf
The uraeus on
the north side wears the
1^- crown and the one on the south the

signs
cf.
^- crown. Between
the uraei are the
--g
82.
le
He
of Edfu, great god, lord of heaven, v For the whole design

is
p.
edge of the cornice on either side of these symbols
carved to
represent the palm-ribs of which the primitive cornice was composed (see Petrie,
Decorative Art, p.
98 and 99).
THE PROJECTION.
A king
-s
offers
to
Khnum who
blank.
is
seated
"
The cartouches and
the
spaces for inscriptions are
left
no. 3.
Khnum. Head-dress
SCENE
I.
no. 2 5.
A king
'^'
stands
<
- with both hands raised in adoration.
Petkie, op.
cit.,
p. 97.
38

Text.
b.
a.
Above the king

:
jitlf (Blank j
|0,%
J
(Blank
*n^==:
JLj"
Adoring the god
at even, w

SCENE
II.
no. 3.
A king
Text.
b.
stands
<
- in the
same
:
attitude as in scene
II.
a.
Above the king

:
(Blank
j
-<
J ? *n.c= Jj
(Blank
Adoring the god
at
noon,

SCENE
III.
no. 9.
A king
Text.
stands
-*
- in the
same
attitude as in the
at
a.
*\,^.
Adoring the god
dawn,
no. 1.
it
Upon
column
the north side of this jamb, where

2
,
projects
beyond the
east face of
:
is
the following inscription (PI,
XXX)
in a vertical line
?T|
k^kJ.'i'^,^
concerning his whole
^^y^Z\. ,1
Khnum
likewise
is
^-Ûtterance
The god
of Edfu
[Bhdty) rises in his shrine;

city,
with him.
He
devises plans
he takes counsel for his temple, he repels his enemies, he drives away his foes, he makes evil to cease from
'"
'2'
T|
^' (Junker).
dr (Junker).
"'
rwy (Junker).
EAST FACE
THICKNESS OF NORTH JAMB.
39
The Thickness of
(Pis.
the
North Jamb.
xxxi-xxxm.)
THE CORNICE
(Pis.
XXXI and XXXII).

of Ptolemy XllI
Upon
the
cornice are the two cartouches

is
The remaining space
carved, in the usual

p.
fashion,
to
represent palm-ribs (see remarks on
87).
s s
;i;
THE PROJECTION
(Pis.
XXXI and XXXII).

;fl;-wreath to Hathor accompanied by
are squatting
A king
<
^
_9bi&
offers a
Harpokrates, both of
Text.
b.
whom
ff
>-.
a.
Above the king

:
T Blank
"^^^
(Blank
Above Hathor
Jv.
Hathor,
mistress
of
Bigeh ((jS)nm).
no. 11.
She holds a short |- sceptre
in
her hand which rests upon her knee.
Harpokrates. Head-dress no. 3 with the ^-shaped side-lock of hair.
He puts Upon
the
jGrst
finger of his left
hand
to his
mouth. In
his right
hand he
holds the /[-scourge.

the thickness of the north
-
jamb below
>-
the projection
is
:
an inscription
in two vertical lines a
and
(Pis.
XXXI and XXXIII)
Blank
_%!& ri:-i:f:j=(^tiTiTii:i:i^-T::^
''^HII
=^
wHorus over the Ombite'^' great of heart, sovereign, lord of

king of Upper and Lower Egypt
vvith
victory
like the son of Isis,
f Blank
son of Re, lord

lord of the
of diadems f Blank
his sister, his wife, the princess;
Two
'1'
Sethe, Sage vom Sonnmauge, p.
5.
40

f Blank
'
;
Lands
beloved of the Beneficent gods, and of

.?.
.
Isis
the great, the god's
mother, mistress of[.
j,
in the midst of Philae. w
ft
1.=
i^'%5J
*= ^ ^"^^
-.
^'^ -H-
"^^^
Is
_-H- ^1^ e
ffLive the good goddess (?) given life, mistress ' '1P*''P P'^ J=""= of Abaton, the August, the Heroine, within Bigeh, great Wd'-t-eye, mistress of
?
Upper and Lower Egypt, princess in the ends of the world, primaeval goddess,
who came
was yet
Osiris (?).
into being at the beginning!
She inherited the

is
Two Lands
while she
in her
swaddling clothes. She
in all cities with her beloved brother
The South Jamb.

(PI.
XXXIV.)
The outer edge

is
of the south, like the corresponding part of the north
jamb,
decorated with a cobra entwining a papyrus -stem. The snake, which here
represents Nekhbet, wears the
^-crown
of
Upper Egypt.
THE CORNICE.
The same
as
on the north jamb.
THE PROJECTION.
A king
>-
offers
j^
:
to Osiris
who
is
seated
<
-.

Osiris.
effaced.
7.
Head-dress no.
He
SCENE
is
mummiform
(cf. PI.
VII)
and holds the /i-whip and?-crook.
I.
A king
Text.
b.
stands
a.
^ with hands uplifted in adoration.

:
Above the king
>>
j
%{Q|f
Blank
(^
]|
^Blank
L;^,Jv^^
V
"Opening
j
(at) even.
55
'"
S'y-t ((Primaeval goddess n.

:
EAST FACE
SOUTH JAMB.
41

SCENE
II.
no. 2.
A king
Text.
h.
stands
a.
in the
same
:
attitude as in scene
"
j
I.
Above the king

:
iSf (Blank Jj
^0^%
TBlankJI.
ifc.
Vi .g= -g^||
Opening
at
noon.w
The
SCENE
king.
III.
Head-dress no.
9.
A king
Text.
h.
stands a.
>-
in the
same
:
attitude as in the

.
Above the king

:
>
>
j
|0f (^Blank^
1 rr
^j0% (iianP
at
j^ V
Opening
dawn,
no.
Upon
the south side of this

is
jamb where
(PI.
it
projects
beyond the east face of

:
column 3
the following inscription
XXXI)
in a vertical line
>
.=
-I
III
-^
"
'^PTi r I
III
-A-
r-
~7V
m.
-^^
nn
eve
is
|(?)<~\ Utterance
Heaven
rejoices in possession of
is
its
mystery; the
left
joined
to
the right eye.
The moon
upon
secret until
its
day exactly;
art
all its
functions {nfw) are established

in heaven
rising
and
setting.
Thou
Shu, shining
and
earth.
Re, rejoice thou! Thoth has come forth in triumph; the

its
sacred eye has come to him, to

(dhh-t-s).
master.
He has furnished
it
with
its
offering
The king beloved
of the gods founding'^)
f"
The
inscription
is left
incomplete.
6
42
The Thickness of
(PI.
the
South Jamb.
XXXV.)
THE CORNICE.
The same
as
on the corresponding north
side.
THE PROJECTION.
A king>
squatting
Text.
b.
<
offers'
two #-vases
to Isis
and Harendotes, both of
whom
are
.
Above the king
Isis in
:
a.
Tsiank
lines
Above
two vertical
55
:^ ijjî'^'^'j^rfl
-<
:
"'^^^ ^^^^^
life,
c.
mistress of Abaton.
Above Harendotes in two

Isis.
55
vertical lines
^kT|^
'^haren-
dotes, son of

Isis.
no. 12.
Her head-dress
rests
is
the usual female coiffure with

j
jj
on top
j-
In ber
hand, which
on her knee, she holds a short

5.
-sceptre.
Harendotes. Head-dress no.
Upon
in
the thickness of the south
jamb below
the projection,
:
is
an inscription
-^m^ ujtj
two
vertical lines
>
- and
>-
(PI.
XXXV)
a.
c4-^
good god, beloved of the great god lord of Abaton, the goodly youth who came
forth
from Nut, prince
(jty) of
gods, king {ny-swt^ of Upper Egypt, sovereign
[bily) of
Lower Egypt,
ruler {hkl) of the
Underworld
(spt igr-t), lord of the

55
uraei while in his mother's
womb,
shining of beams in the evening.
, ;
INTERIOR OF
DOORWAY
,
NORTH WALL.
,
iS
STTT
'
!
fl^
!^ It 3
^^
Horus
goodly youth
sweet of love
whom
the
two Crown-Goddesses, the people
(rhy-t)
and
his
ka advanced; he adored
Khnum
the august in order to receive for himself a crowning with the double diadem
sacred of splendour with the living Apis, king of Upper and Lower Egypt,
master of
feats (ir \h-t), son of
Re, lord of diadem(s) Ptolemy XIII.
The Interior of the Doorway.

(Pis.
XXXI-XXXUI and XXXV.)

a cornice
The walls are decorated with

is
which
as
we have already seen
a continuation of the cornice of the jambs on the east face of the doorway.
is
It
ornamented with the usual ribbing imitating palm-sticks, interspersed

rests
with the cartouches of Ptolemy XIII. Each cartouch

is
on the nn-symbol and
surmounted by
^.
The
frieze,
separated from the cornice by the torus,
projects
beyond the surface of the wall below and forms the rudimentary archi-
trave, or projection, above the

PI.
jambs on the west
face of the
doorway (see
XXXVI,
and
2).
These jambs unlike those on the east face of the doorway
have no thickness or reveals, these being in the same plane as, and forming
one with, the interior walls of the doorway. Both the north and south walls are
decorated with eight rows of
Pis.
five repetitions of the
group of symbols
t1
(see
XXXIII and XXXV).

The North Wall.
THE FRIEZE
(Pis.
XXXI and XXXII).

Horus of Edfu accompanied by Hathor, both of
A king
are
of
seated
<
offers f| to
>-.
whom
Behind the king are two kneeling male figures; the foremost
('),
whom
Text.
b.
has ^\%, the hindermost A

a.
above his head.
Above the king
T Blank
J.
:
Above Horus in a
Above Hathor
:
vertical line
>-
iK,^^ Horus
ff
of Edfu.
c.
^
5.
6.

no. 2.
liU

The two kneeling
figures.
Head-dress no. 20.
The South Wall.
THE FRIEZE
(PI.
XXXV).
A king >
offers
1 to
Osiris
accompanied by
Isis,
both of
whom
are seated
Behind the king are two kneeling male

is
figures.
Above the head of the
foremost
!^,
above the head of the hindermost %.
Text. a. Above the king

b.
v-^ I0f (BlaakJ \l^ % ( Blank J

]
In front of the king in a vertical line

all life
>
s_i T
v
1 aa
'^
^
ff
Offering
c.
and happiness
two
to his
august father,
:
Above
Osiris in
vertical lines
??
<
j j
I'MJ
""^^"f J
1
Osiris,
great god, lord of Abaton.

d.
life,
Above
Isis in
two vertical lines
<
h-^^^^
qoO
Isis given
mistress of Abaton.w
Arc HAEOLOGICAL DETAILS

Osiris.
Isis.
no.
7.
Head-dress no.
1
Head-dress no.
7 without uraeus.
The two kneeling
figures.
Head-dress no. 20.
The West Face.

(Pk XXXVI,
1
and
-XL.)
North Jamb.
Upon
I
the edge of the
jamb
(PI.
XXXVII), outside the torus,
is
an elongated
surmounted by a cobra crowned with the ^-diadem of Lower Egypt. The snake entwines the whole length of the stem in its coils (cf. p. 87, PI. XXIX).
THE CORNICE.
The same
as
on the east face (see
p.
87).
. .

THE PROJECTION
(PJ.
WEST FACE
NORTH JAMB.
45
XXXVIl).
Isis
squatting
A king
<
with hands uplifted in adoration kneels before
who
is
>-.
Text.
b.
a.
Above the king

Isis in
^<
MBJank j
:
Above
two
vertical lines
>
nT^^ ^f
|
^'^^^^
Ipi*""
given
life,
mistress of Abaton.55

Isis.
no. 10.
Head-dress no. i8(?).

J- sceptre in
She holds a short
her hand which rests upon her knee.

vertical
Below the projection on the jamb are two

(PI.
lines
of inscription
XXXVII):
^11"^^^^;
m r^ '^^
J\ **
^^
Utterance
Thoth twice great, lord of Hermopolis,
cleansing everything with his hands, coming forth [that he

the sanctuary of Isis given
life
may
purify] (s[w'b-f?J)
1
her
],
pure are her people,
pure
is
the(stc) shrine, pure are her bones, pure are her
members
her.
[h'w), pure are her

to
two fingers (?), pure
is
her body, pure

is
is
that
which belongs
is
. . ,
her
(îry-sj(J^,
pure are her ornaments, pure

is]
her house, pure
pure
[pure
every road upon which she journeys.
Immediately below the inscription, and forming a dado,
is
a scene representing
Thoth
>-
pouring water out of a l-vase
(PI.
XXXYI,
1).
'/iz/z/fy/
Text.
a.
Above Thoth
in a horizontal line
n
'////^z/^
>-
1^
l^lS;^^J
^"'
'^"^''''
Utterance by Thoth twice great

b.
In front of Thoth
^ ^
under
jb>5^>5^>5^
^^^"^^
'
ID
There
is
no room
for --
J before ^
46

:
Thoth. Head-dress no. 26.
Upon
column
the north side of this
jamb where
it
projects
beyond the west face of

XXXVIII)
-<
2 is the following inscription in a vertical line (PI.
l|'(?)|T|^"^-=>-H-"V-^
'*"->;
''
*^ gate-way of the temple,
the folding doors (jptsw) of the sanctuary.
The doors
Isis
of the horizon
upon the
back of Geb, these gates of the abode of

sanctuary [hm-t-s)
filled
is
who
is
given
life
[. .?. .].
Her
adorned with gold
[s'^wy),
(?).
overlaid with gold (kdm),

pillars
with their things by clever fingers
There are
y>
beneath them
in order to enlarge the sanctuary of his mother.
The South Jamb'-^K
THE CORNICE
(PI.
XXXVI,
2).
The same
as
on the north jamb.

(PI.
THE PROJECTION
XXXIX).
A king
squatting
<
>
with hands raised in adoration kneels in front of Osiris

so
:
who
is
|J.
:
Text. a. Above the king

b.
(Blank
j
TBlank
<
J.
1
Above
Osiris in
two vertical lines

Abaton.w
"1"" "1 1
'"Ô
"^
*
/!jrl
Osiris, great god, lord of

:

Osiris.
no. 10.
(?).
Head-dress no. 6
Immediately below the projection in two vertical lines (Pis. XXXVI, 2 and
LJbJ
(1)
Upon
the edge of the
jamb an elongated
4|f-
iotus-flower replaces the papyrus stem (see p. UU),
and the surmounting serpent wears the
crown.
THE DEMOTIC GRAFFITI OF bIgEH.
/i7
m'^rr:,-ry-r::^-cm7::ir
"lo
|(?)
"^ 1
^H
is
(1
n n
''^
(?)
^ =^-^
is
Utterance bv Horus of Edfu
[Bhdty), great god, lord of heaven. Pure

Osiris lord of Abaton, pure
is
[pure]
is
the shrine(?) of
is
his temple, pure is his palace,
pure
his throne,
is
pure
is
his chapel [hd), pure are his amulets, pure are his bandages, pure
his collar,
pure
his body, pure are the priests

.] v
who
carry him, pure
is
[his]
minister(?)[. .?.
Below
this inscription is a scene representing
Horus
-<
pouring water out
of a j-vase(Pl.
XXXVI,2).
line
:
Text.
a.
Above Horus in a horizontal
im \k
-^^
1
1
"^^^
Utterance by Horus of Edfu, great god, lord of heaven.

In front of Horus
:
b.
^-^
f^\^^)r%)r%')r%'^
'^^''^
^^"^
^ê^""
Horus. Head-dress no. 21.
Upon
column
3
the south side of the

is
jamb where
it
projects
beyond the west face of
the following inscription in a vertical line (PI.
XL)
>
i] |/*w\
1,^^^^
\\i
_Ld
ra ^-jIIc-di-
-rr- 1
Mai *= ^
'""^
9^ J
wood
Utterance
the divine doors of the erates
of the horizon, the hall of heaven

Osiris, are built (V/s) of
upon
earth, the great doors of the places of

(^'w
of the garden
hnt),
wrought with copper of

v
Syria
by the hands [..?..]
horizon [..?..]
THE DEMOTIC GRAFFITI OF BIGEH

BY
F. LL.
GRIFFITH.
The
graffiti of the
little
Bigeh temple cannot compare in interest with those of
Philae. Although
remains of the temple, the survival of the main doorgraffiti,
ways has preserved a considerable number of
but they are short,
ill-
engraved, and in poor condition, and, until the exhaustive researches of the
last
few years, had not attracted the attention of any
copyist.
Upon
the magnificent
photographs of the scenes and hieroglyphic inscriptions made by the expedition
48
of the Prussian
Academy
the
demoik
graffiti
are
shewn on a minute
scale,
and
can
Mr. Blackman made squeezes of most. The following notes are

gather from a brief study of these materials.
all that I
No.
1.
In the thickness of the south
jamb
of the pylon gate (see Pis.
V and
VI, i) two or three small graffiti can be detected.
No. 2.
On
the west face of the north jamb, between the heads of

is
sl
Isis
and
Horus
(PI.
XIV)
graffito of 7 or
8 short lines in bad condition.
No. 3.
On
the west face of the south

(PI.
jamb about
XVII) are
the figures of Isis
and Horus,
of
and
in the
band above the scene

Horus
is
five graffiti.
Over the crown
The
salutation of Hor(?) son of Pshenthofw,
1/
1/
'
*.*^
"^^ i
"
badly engraved.
No.
li.
'
In scene
II
on the east face of the screen
'"'U/r'iJ
wall (Pis. XXI-XXII and

the
first
XXIX) are k longer

:
lines,
apparently reading
Isis of
.
.
ffHis
[name] remaineth
^ ^ /
Graffito
v/'^ J
No.
3.
here before
(*. e.
Philae and Osiris of the Holy Place
Abatop)
^^
No. 5.
On
the
same wall over the head
of the king in scene III (PI. XXIII)

^^
is
a graffito of 3 lines
much
I,
iniured.
No. 6. In scene
on the east face of the north jamb
'
(^
^ Cw^
^^
f'
of the entrance to the outer hall (PI.
XXIX) are four
lines
\ît\^^ ^
n * i/o
in front of the feet of the king. It begins with the
name
v^^^
^n
6.
^
*''^--'
^
1
rrEsmet-05j and the groups
''^^
'
No.
mom,
below
pwer,
tpt
are seen in the
Graffito
j_l/C/ r.
lOU..
following lines. In front ofthe head ofthe next figure

is
^'^ÎlM<\ P/5^
.
one line Pshenthof.
w, cf.
no. 3.
-"^
^jp
.-
No. 7.
On
the north side
of the
passage of
luOJ
J5C-1 r'^ /<:
this entrance,
between the standing figure of the

(?)
^'o Y'A^ Â ^y'//^^

J^jg^^
j^^
^'"^ ^^^ *^ goddess

(PI.
kneeling behind
him
:
XXXII)
is
a graffito of 7 lines well preserved
The
salutation of
Pakhnum
son of Harpaesi son

the Agent,
of Harheri son of Panasht (?)
and Esmet p-wer(l) the hierogrammat
GREEK INSCRIPTION.
No. 8.
li^
On
the east face of the south
jamb
(PI.
XXXIV)
are two
graffili.
The
upper one (above the king in scene
I) is of 5 lines
'\
The
the
salutation of
Pabek son
of
Harpson
[^ g/LJ^
' <//
^V
the lower (above the king in scene
III) consists of
r/^^
j1,<j
fvjr ~"'
name wPetemerawe:?.
GREEK INSCRIPTION.
This mutilated Greek
graffito is
engraved on the
gate -way, below
Graffito
interior south wall of the pylon
No.
8.
scene
II.
Professor A. S. Hunt of Queen's College,
Oxford, very kindly
made
the following transcription from a wet squeeze,
adding a translation and a few comments.
Rough
lettering, 2-3 cent. A. D.
[l
Ila^wv
i9
Year
Pachon
TO
iipo(7X.vvr}[L(x
the obeisance
of Smetuispaek-
"LfirfTviOfTTvaex.
ovi x Traipos'
5
[?
oui son of etc.
epTa<pi5
Oa.
.
.[
(jsvTieiqi [.
(pikwv
fjir;T|Oo[s
his
mother being
etc.
Eva(j.r}T(paTr) [?
WTTIxlaTOlXV
10
IcriSi no.
[?
o-v[i'
Tois
to Isis
and the associated
vaois deots
[a\e w
stt
[ay
gods, for good luck
11.
and
k. ^(iriTvioTTTOLexovt is, I suppose, all one
name
as ex mx-rpos follows,
Xe.
Oa.
being the grandfather. The ae before xoui could be read ad or

11.
7 and 8. îXaov looks like Philae, but

8
cannot read ex or
ft
aTro
before
,
it.
Perhaps we should read

fern, prefix.
I.
[s
evufitjT.
or [s(2)
v<T(itjT.
2er being the common
10.
Ka
after IcrtSs of course

left out.
BTT
means
xai,
but there has been some correction, for the
apparently has got

II.
11 and 12.
ayadco
^ dyaOfi
TV)(^ri
i.e. bonis auspiciisî.
The Temple of Btgeh.
PART
II.
INDEXES.
A.
INDEX OF DIVINITIES.
DIVINITY.
52
THE TEMPLE OF BiGEH.
DIVINITY.
POSITION
IN
TEMPLE.
consort.
ASSOCIATES.
PLATES.
PAGES.
West face
of pylon gale-way, north IV.
ISIS.
XIV
ilx
jamb, scene
Harpokrates.
(
Entrance
to outer hail, east face,
Hathor.
xxxi,xxxn
thickness of north
jection.
jamb, pro-
West face
jamb,
of pylon gate-way, south
Horus of
Edfu.
XI,
XV
Ilk
-scene
I.
Outer hall, column
(text i).
Horus of
Edfu.
XXI, XXIV
Outer
Hatbob.
hall,
west face of column
XXIV, XXV,
XXVI
Entrance to outer hall, east face,
thiclcness of north
Harpokrates,
XXXI, xxxn
-^9
jamb pro,
jection.
Entrance
to outer hall, interior of

frieze.
Horus
Edfu.
of
XXXI,
XXXH
1x2,
doorway, north wall,
HathorTefnut(?)
[Wsr-t).
'
East face of pylon gate-way, thickness of south jamb, scene

III.
East face of pylon gate-way, south
A goddess
(name
destroyed ).
IV
jamb, scene
HoRUS.
III.
East face of pylon gale-way, thickness of south jamb, scene IV.
West face of pylon gate-way, underface of architrave'^'.
West face
HorusofEdfu.
of pylon gale-way, south

I.
Halhor.
XI,
XV
i6
jamb, scene
Outer hall, column
(lower band
Hathor.
XXI, XXIV
23
of inscription, b).
Outer hall, west face of screen,

frieze
XXVI
32
above scene
II
''-^l
(')
Probably not Hathor-Tefnut but
to outer ball, east face, thickness of

(')
Horus of Edfu
is
Isis in view of west face of pylon gate-way, north jamb, scene IV, ., p. li north jamb (text h below projection), p. io. here represented in his well-known form of a winged solar
and entrance
disk.
53
DIVINITY.
POSITION
IN
TEMPLE.
CONSOBT.
ASSOCIATES.
PLATES.
Outer hall, west face of screen,

frieze
above scene
III '".
Entrance
to outer hall, east face,
north jamb, cornice'".
Entrance

(
Khnum.
north side of north jamb
text).
Entrance
south jamb, cornice'".
HorusofEdfu.
Entrance
to outer hall, interior of
frieze.
Hathor.
doorway, north wall,

Entrance
to outer hall, west face,
north jamb, cornice'".
Entrance
to outer hall,
west face,
south jamb, cornice'".
Entrance
to outer hall,
west face,
south jamb (text and scene).
Imy
t-tr-s.
West face
of pylon gate-way, north

II
jamb, scene
Ipet (Ip-t).
(text/).
i
Outer hall, east side of column

(text).
Osiris.
jamb, scene
IV.
jamb, scene IV (text/).

East face of pylon gale-way, thickness of south jamb, dado(text
b).
j Interior of pylon gate- way, south

isis.
\
wall, scene
I.
West
face of pylon gate-way, arIII.
chitrave, scene
West
face of pylon gate-way, north
jamb, scene IV.
West face
of pylon gate-way, south
jamb, scene IV.
54
THE TEMPLE OF
BtCEII.
DIVINITY.
55
56
THE TEMPLE OF
bIgEII.
DIVINITY.
57
DIVItilTY.
58
THE TEMPLE OF
BIGEIl.
DIVINITY.
INDEX OF THE ATTRIBUTES OF THE DIVINITIES.
59
B.
THE ATTRIBUTES OF THE DIVINITIES
AWD THE LOCALITIES WITH WHICH THEY ARE CONNECTED.
DIVINITY.
THE ATTRIBUTES OK THE DIVINITIES AND THE LOCALITIES WITH WHICH THEY ARE CONNECTED.
PAGES.
Apis.
^^J
'''
/.2
Geb.
t3
i3
Habendotes.
19
Z12
8
Harpokrates.
icn
li;
i/i
17
24
7-
^'-'^^
3o 3o
Hathor.
^-
i-i;it:T^t,",^;-A:i-r:f^;'=f2^s
^t 39
Hathob-Tefnut
(seep. 52 footaote
i).
r;-<u
Ti
HoBus.
li
I'
'l^l-
(')
i.
e.
The
king's mother.
8.
60
DIVIiNITY.
THE ATTRIBUTES OF THE DIVINITIES AND THE LOCALITIES WITH WHICH THEY ARE CONNECTED.
PAGES.
--^f^\o
i6
17
93
32
HoRus or Edfu.
39
37 38
:^!--it^
rrî-zrîk?
K.
1tZ
A6
47 94
1
Ipet.
"^
"^
'
"""^
^
^w ^H I #
I
II-*8
I
^^ * s=> sw vfc
V *i
II
8
Isis.
lil=ffi%two.=iu?i
iliMili
^n(')i:i}<"-r;;'î
INDEX OF THE ATTRIBUTES OF THE DIVINITIES.
61
DIVINITY.
62
DIVINITY.
INDEX OF HEAD-DRESSES.
63
C.
WEARER.
PLATE.
NO.
1
PROVENANCE.
East face of pylon gate-way, ihickness of south
jamb, scene IV
Outer hall, east face of screen, scene Outer hall, west face of screen, scene
Entrance
III.
Ring. ...
.
V.
XXIII.
"
11
III
XXVIII.
north jamb,
v
scene III
XXIX.
Entrance
scene

III
south jamb,
.1
XXXIV.
Entrance
to outer hall,
interior of
doorway,
II.
.
south wall, frieze

2.
XXXV.
XXII.
Outer hall, east face of screen, scene
j5
Outer hall, column
1,
west side
II.
.
. .
-n
XXIV. XXVI.
Outer hall, west face of screen, scene

Entrance
scene
to outer hall, east face, south

I
jamb,
v
XXXIV.
Outer hall, interior of doorway, north wall,

frieze
,5
XXXI, XXXII.
3.
Interior of pylon gate- way, south wall, scene
(with side-lock)
Harpokrates.
VII.
West
face of pylon gate- way, north

"
jamb,
King.
XI, XII.
scene
West
face of pylon gate -way, north
jamb,
Harpokrates.
scene IV (with side-lock)
XIV.
Entrance
north jamb, King.
projection
XXIX.
Entrance
scene

I.
north jamb,
5*
XXiX.
Entrance
of
to
outer hall, east face, thickness
north
jamb,
projection
(with
side-
lock)
4.
Harpokrates.
of pylon gate- way,
XXXI, XXXII.
West
face
I
north jamb,
.
.
scene
5.
(see p.
2 for further details)..
Satis.
XI, XII.
East face
of pylon
gate- way,
south jamb,
scene III
Horus.
IV.
East face of pylon gate-way, ihickness of south
jamb, scene IV
V.
West
face of pylon gate-way,

II
north jamb,
scene
Harendotes.
XI, XIII.
64
NO.
THE TEMPLE OF
PROVENANCE.
BtGEII.
WEARER.
PLATE.
West face ofpylon gate-way, soulhjamb, scene I.
Horus.
XI, XV.
West
face of pylon
gate-way, south jamb,

Harendotes.
XVII.
scene IV
Entrance
scut
to outer hail, east face, thickness of

5)
jamb, projection
to outer hail, interior of
XXXV.
XXXI, XXXII.
VII.
Entrance
doorway,
Horus.
I.
north wall, frieze

6.
?
Interior of pylon gate-way, south wall, scene
Osiris.
Entrance
to outer hall, west face,
south jamb,
v
projection
7.
XXXIX.
East face
of
pylon gate- way, south jamb,

it
scene IV
IV.
West
face
III
of pylon gate -way,
north jamb,
scene
Geb?
III.
.
XIII, XIV.
Outer hall, east face of screen, scene

Entrance
Osiris- Onnophris.
XXIII.
south jamb,
,
projection
Osiris.
XXXIV.
Entrance
to
outer hall, interior of doorway,

jj
south wall, frieze

8.
XXXV.
West
face
I
of pylon gate-way,
south jamb,
scene
(with two additional uraei hanging King. north jamb,

v
from each horn)

9.
XI, XV.
Entrance
scene

II
XXIX.
Entrance
scene

II
south jamb,
XXXIV.
10.
Entrance to outer hall, west face, north jamb,

projection
v
, ,
XXXVII.
Entrance to outer hall west face south jamb

projection
;;
XXXIX.
11.
Entrance to outer hail, east face, thickness of

north jamb, projection
v
XXXI, XXXII.
12.
Entrance
to outer hall, east face, thickness of

,
south jamb
projection
XXXV.
V.
13.? East
face of pylon gate-way, thickness of south

,
jamb
West West
scene
III
1:
face of pylon gate- way, thickness of north

I v
jamb, scene
XVIII,
1.

I
jamb, scene
1 h.
XVIII
2.
East face of pylon gate-way, thickness of south
jamb, dado
Hapy.
V, VI.
NO.
65
PLATE.
PROVENANCE.
WEARER,
15.
jamb, dado
16.
l"
Sekhet.
V, VI.
West
face of pylon gate- way,

11
north jamb,
scene
Nephthys.
of
XI, XIIl.
17.? East
?
face
pylon gate-way,
south jamb,
scene III
A
III
goddess.
IV.
jamb, scene
Hathor-Tefnut
f^).
V.
West
face
I
of pylon

Hathor.
i,
scene
XI, XV.
Outer hall, column
west side
^^
XXV.
XXXI, XXXII.
Entrance to outer hall, east face, thickness of

north jamb, projection
r,
Entrance to outer hall, interior of doorway,

north wall, frieze
XXXI, XXXII.
Entrance to outer
hall, interior of
doorway,
Isis.
south wall, frieze (without uraeus)
XXXV.
IV.
18.? East
face of pylon
III
scene
A
south jamb,
goddess.
East face of pylon gale -way,

scene IV
Isis.
,
IV.
Interior of pylon gate-way, south wall
scene
I.
r>
VII.
West
face of pylon gate- way, north jamb,

n
scene IV
XIV.
West
face of pylon

n
scene IV
?
XVII.
Entrance to outer hall, west face, north jamb,

projection
v
XXXVII.
9.
West

1
jamb, scene
20.
Ptah.
interior of doorway,
XVIII,
2.
Entrance
to outer hall,
north wall, frieze
Kneeling figures
XXXI, XXXII.
behind King.
Entrance to outer hall, interior of doorway,
south wall,
frieze
Kneeling figures
XXXV.
behind King. 21.

Entrance
to
outer
hall,
west
face,
south
jamb
22.
Horus.
XXXVI,
2.
West
face of pylon gate-way, thickness of north

I
jamb, scene
Re-Harakhte.
XVIII,
1.
<')
But
witli
111 replacing
the three l-trees.
(-'
See p. Sa, footnote
1.
66
NO.

PROVENANCE.
WEARER.
PLATE.
23.
West
face of pylon gate -way,

II
south jamb,
scene
Sekhmet.
of pylon gate-way,
XI, XVI.
West
face
III
south jamb,
Tefnut.
scene
2/(.
XVI.
West
face
I
of pylon gate -way,
north jamb,
scene
Khnum-Re.
II.
. .
.
XI, XII.
Outer hall, west face of screen, scene

25.
Khnum-Re.
XXII.
Entrance
north jamb,
projection
Rhnum.
west face, north jamb.
south jamb,
XXIX.
26. 27.
Entrance
to outer hall,
Thoth.
XXXVI,
1,
XXXVII.
West
face of pylon
II
gate -way,
scene
XI, XVI.
D.
INDEX OF AUTHORITIES QUOTED.

B
E
i8 (footnote
2
li).
Blackman, A. Z.,
li^.
Erman,
1
Aegyptische Grammatik (Dritte Auflage).
Blackman, The Temple of Dendur.

note 3).
(foot-
(footnote 2),
Ii8.
22 (footnote
1).
Erman, A. Z.,
Egypt, Nubia, and Ethio2
,
17 (footnote h).
Bonomiand Sharpe,
pia.
3 Fri ih
,
Brugsch, Thesaurus.
Brugsch, Worterbuch.
97
(footnote
1).
Egypt and Palestine Photographed and DesI.
k (footnote 1),
16
cribed,
(footnotes 1, 3), 26 (footnote 3), 3i (foot-
Frith, Upper Egypt and Ethiopia.
notes 1, 5).
Brugsch, Worterbuch, Suppl.
a/i
(footnote 2),
27 Budge, Book of the Kings,
(footnote 1).
II.
2 3 (footnote 1). 2
).
Griffith,
Mr. F.
LI.
^7
26 (footnote
h),
Budge, Egyptian Reading Book, h (footnote
Griffith, Hieroglyphs.
3o
(foot-
note
1).
H
GhampoUion,
23,
9/1.
Notices descriptives ,
I.
2,
22,
Hunt, Professor A.
S.
D
Junker,
k (footnote 3), ik (footnote 2), 18
Denon, Voyage.
23, 37
(footnote 3), 2/1 (footnotes 1, 9),
96
(foot-
INDEX OF AUTHORITIES QUOTED.

noie 2), 28 (footnote 3), 38 (footnotes
2, 3).
i,
67
Junker, Der Auszug des Hathor-Tefnut aus

bien.
Nu9).
Petrie, Egyptian Decorative Art.
36
(footnote 3),
5 (footnote 1), 17,
ig (footnote
1
37 (with footnote
1).
Junker, Grammatik der Denderalexte.
n (foot-
R
Reisner, Archaeological Survey of Nubia,
(footnotes 2, 3).
I,
1
note 9), 18 (footnote 4), 22 (footnote 2),
27 (footnote
1).
S
Lepsius, Denkmdler, IV.
3i (footnote
3).
Sethe, Sage vom Sonnnenauge. 17 (footnote
1),
Lepsius, Denkmdler, Text, IV.
11, 2 3, 24,
18 (footnotes
(footnote 1).
1,
9), 3i (footnote 4),
39
26, 27
M
Mariette, Denderah,
Mariette
,
W
ig (footnote
Haute-Egypte.
1).
III.
Welgall, Report on
bia.
1
the Antiquities of Lower
Nu9
Voyage dans
la
(footnotes 1, 3, 4, 5),
E.
GENERAL INDEX.
Ajuaia.
68
Landing-stage.
Milk-amulet.
Quay.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PlGBS,
Preface
vii
PART
Introduction and Text
I.
1-^9
PART
Indexes
:
II.
A. Index of Divinities B. Attributes of the divinities

C.
-58
and the
localities
with which they are connected.
59-62
Index of Head-dresses
63-66
D. Index of authorities quoted

E.
66-67
General Index
67-68
LIST OF PLATES''.
I.
Ground-plan
1
of the
Temple.
II.
View of Bigeh from Ei-Heseh.

Houses on the east side of Bigeh.
2*
The Sheykh's Tomb
in the
modern cemetery.
Houses on the south side of Bigeh.

III.
1
The Temple surrounded with houses (in the year 1907). The Pylon and Terrace after restoration (April 1910).
Gate-way of pylon,
Gate-way of pylon,
east face, south
IV.
jamb, scenes
III
and IV.
III, IV,
V.
VI.
east face, thickness of south east face, thickness of south

1,
jamb, scenes
and dado.
Gate-way of pylon,
Outer hall, column
jamb, dado.
decoration on lower part of west side.

I.
VII.
VIII.
Gate-way of pylon, interior south wall, scene

1
^
11 -0
interior south wall, scene interior south wall, dado.
II.
IX.
-n
-n
r,
X.
1.
15
1
^
T?
1
-
west face, thickness of north jamb, dado. west

face.
I
9*
XI.
V
-^
-n
west face, architraves and scenes
and
II
of north
and south
jambs.
XII.
XIII.
1
n 15 -9 -^
west face, north jamb, scene west face, north jamb, scene
west face, north jamb, scenes
I.
"
-n
-1
II.
XIV.
V n
1
n
-<
'^
III
I.
and
IV.
XV.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII.
7,
V
T
west face, south jamb, scene

west face, south jamb, scenes
Ti
II
and
III.
V
fl
n n
-1
V
15
n
1
55
west face, south jamb, scenes
III
and
IV.
I. I.
west face, thickness of north jamb, scene
-5
west face, thickness of south jamb, scene
XIX.
Outer hall, east face of screen and columns.

55
1
t
west face of screen and columns.

east face of screen, scene
east face of screen east face of screen east face of screen
,
XX.
XXI.
XXII.
55
I. 1
1
55
1
-1
column
scene scene
1
II.
XXIU.
XXIV.
55
III.
55
55
west side of column
XXV.
XXVI.
XXVII.
XXVIII.
55
55
north-west side of column
5)
55
west face of screen
scene
II.
11
north-west side of column

west face of screen entrance
, ,
2.
III.
55
55
scene
XXIX.
55
1
55
east face , north jamb.
XXX.
55
entrance, east face, north side of north jamb.
1')
An
asterisk
* denotes the author's photographs.
72

Outer hall, entrance, east face, thickness of north jamb and south side of south jamb.
5)
XXXI.
XXXII.
XXXIII.
n n
entrance, interior north wall.

entrance, east face, inscription on thickness of north
of interior north wali.
11
jamb and decoration
XXXIV.
entrance, east face, south jamb. entrance, east face, thickness of south
XXXV.
XXXVI.
XXXVII.
XXXVIII.
1)
11
jamb and
interior south wall.
'1
west face, north jamb of entrance.
'1
west face, south jamb of entrance.

entrance, west face, north jamb. entrance, west face, north side of north
1'
1-
jamb and north-west

column
side of
column
2.
XXXIX.
XL.
^1
11
entrance, west face, south
jamb and south-west
side of
3.
entrance, west face, south side of south
jamb and south-west
side of
column
XLI.
3.
Types of head-dresses.
XLU.
XLIII.
Types of head-dresses (continued).

Types of head-dresses (concluded).
BIGEH.
Plate
Metres
a.
b.
c.
Interior of Pylon. Modern cement pavement.
e.
f.
Foundation of Apse of Christian church.
Step.
Granite
slab.
g.
Ancient pavement.
d.
Inclined approach.
bIgeh.
Plate II
%
J
"3
t75
OJ
w
a
^-
o 3
O
^.
BIGEH.
Plate III
I.
The Temple surrounded with Houses
(in the year 1909).
'-*^-^- .,.>^.
--A-.
''^-
v~--- .-:
^5-
-.J.
^;--i,.->:-''
Vf>-- ->
._il
2.
The Pylon and Terrace
after Restoration (April 19 10).
BIGEH.
Plate
IV
Gate-Way of Pylon
East Face
South Jamb
Scenes
III
and IV
BtGEH.
Plate
Gate- Way of Pylon
East Face
Thickness of South Jamb
Scenes
III,
IV and Dado.
BiGEH.
Plate
VI
c75
o c o
o
-a
3 O
(J-,
Oh
BiGEH.
Plate VII
3 O
to
BIGEH,
Plate VIII
Gate-Way of Pylon
Interior
South Wall
Scene
II.
BIGEH.
Plate
IX
-a
O
c/2
Plate
BIGEH.
I.
Gate- Way of Pylon
West Face
Thickness of North Jamb
Dado.
2.
Gate-Way
of Pylon
West
Face.
BIGEH.
Plate
XI
3 O
-a
-a
T3
Ph
a o >.
a,
BIGEH.
Plate XII
o
o
BIGEH.
Plate XIII
Gate- Way of Pylon
West Face
North Jamb
Scene
II.
BIGEH.
Plate
XIV
Gate-Way of Pylon
West Face
North Jamb
Scenes
III
and IV.
BIGEH.
Plate
XV
c
ty-i
E
3
O
in
n
_o
^j-i
bIgeh.
Plate
XVI
Gate-Way
of Pylon
West Face
South Jamb
Scenes
II
and
III.
Plate
XVII
BIGEH.
Gate-Way of Pylon
West
tace
South Jamb
Scenes
III
and IV.
BIGEH.
Plate
XVIII
\:î*-
BIGEH.
Plate
XIX
I.
Outer Hall
East Face of Screen and Solumns.
2.
Outer Hall
West Face
of Screen and Columns.
BIGEH.
Plate
XX
'if V
F^
si^'
ill.
'^^"^
.
"^
<~
'
v~
''jH
BIGEH.
Plate
XXI
Outer Hall
East Face of Screen
Column
i.
Plate
XXII
BiGEH.
BiGEH.
Plate
XX in
BIGEH.
Plate
XXIV
Outer Hall
West
Side of
Column
i.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXV
Outer Hall
North West Side of Column
BIGEH.
Plate
XXVI
Outer Hall
West Face
of
Screen
Scene
II.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXVir
Outer Hall
North West Side of Column
2.
Plate
XXVIII
BIGEH.
^'""ll^W
-'^j.l
Outer Hall
West Face
of Screen
Scene
III.
Plate
BIGEH.
XXIX
Outer Hall
Entrance
East Face
North Jamb.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXX
Outer Hall
Entrance
East Face
North Side of North Jamb.
BtGEH.
Plate
XXXI
Outer Hall
Entrance
East Face
Thickness of North Jamb and South Side of South Jamb.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXXII
Outer Hall
Entrance
Interior
North Wall.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXXIII
Outer Hall
Entrance
East Face
Inscription
on Thickness
of
North Jamb and Decoration
of Interior North Wall.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXXn-
Outer Hall
Entrance
East Face
South Jamb.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXXV
Outer Hall
Entrance
East Face
Thickness
of
South Jamb and Interior South Wall.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXXVI
o
CO
BIGEH.
Plate
XXXVII
Outer Hall
Entrance
West Face
North Jamb.
BiGEH.
Plate
XXXVIII
Outer Hall
Entrance
West
face
North Side of North Jamb and North West Side of Column
2.
BIGEH.
Plate
XXXIX
Ml
Outer Hall
Entrance
West Face
of Column South Jamb and South West Side
3.
BiGEH.
Plate
XL
Phototypie Berthaud, Paris
Outer Hall
Entrance
West Face
South Side
of
South Jamb and South West Side of Column
3.
BIGEH.
Plate
XLI
Head-dresses.
BIGEH.
Plate
XLII
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Head-dresses.
BIGEH.
Plate
XLin
20
21
22
24
25
26
27
Head-dresses.

The Temple of Bigeh

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CORNELL

Cornell University Library

3 1924 028 626 970

Cornell University Library

the Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright

the United States on the use of the

TEMPLES IMMERGES DE LA NUBIE

SERVICE DES ANTIQUITES DE L'EGYPTE

TEMPLES IMMERGES DE LA NURIE

THE TEMPLE OF BIGEH

THE TEMPLE OF BIGEH

Laycock Student of Egyptology at Worcester College, Oxford,

Late Oxford University Nubian Research Scholar,

Formerly Scholar of Queen's College.

following record of the Temple of Bigeh was

to the intense heat of the pile of granite boulders

that forms the Island of Bigeh, the

development of negatives proved very

and although I managed

were not altogether

friend Dr. Junker of Vienna

through whose friendly

the magnificent photographs of Bigeh

Akademie der Wtssenschaften

at Berlin. I trust that in spite of

Dr. Junker and the Akademie m\\ accept

my warmest thanks for

thank Dr. Junker for other favours. He not only gave

manuscript, but also read through

several important suggestions

for editing the

Greek inscription on p. ^9,

to Miss Porter for again furnishing

THE TEMPLE OF BIGEH.

INTRODUCTION AND TEXT.

between Philae and El-Heseh

(PI. II, i), is,

with the exception of the

islands in the First

of small rugged granite

intersected by winding valleys. At the water's edge, wherever there

thrifty inhabitants raise their scanty

vegetables and dura'^', while they build their houses (PI.

any available ledge on the

one of the valleys, in the centre of the

cemetery'^' with the

of the local sheykh in

(PI. II, 3).

east shore opposite Philae,

of the water-level by the

Aswan dam, stood some way back from

the river. There

was a stone quay or landing-stage

disappeared beneath the water which comes quite

Immediately behind the temple

rise the granite

the boulders composing which

oi graffili are to be found.

In former years the temple was surrounded with houses'^' (PI.

have recently been demolished and the precincts cleared of

have been erected on a terrace or platform, composed no doubt of

the underlying ruins of earlier edifices.

original substructure, however, has