Lower 6 Physics Holiday Work Chapert 1 Physical Quantities And Units 1.1 Basic quantities and SI units 1.

2 Dimensions of physical quantities 1. Determine (i)the dimension and (ii) the corresponding SI units of the following quantities (a) volume (e) force (mass acceleration) (i) energy (e.g., gravitational potential energy = mgh = mass (b) density (mass/volume) (f) pressure (force/area) gravitational acceleration (c) velocity (g) work (in 1-D, force distance) height) (d) acceleration (velocity/time) (h) square root of area 1.3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Scalars and vectors What is the difference between scalar quantities and vector quantities? Define the negative of a vector. Describe a unit vector. If a scalar product of a vector is zero, what does this means? If a cross (vector) product is cero, what does this means? Can the resultant of two vectors have cero magnitude? If so, give an example. Find the x & y components of the vector in Figure 1. In Figure 2, find the resultant vector & and it direction. Vector A is 3 meters long on the x-axis. Vector B is 2 meters long on the North axis. Find the dot product both ways. 10. A is 3 meters long directed due west. B is 2 meters long directed due east. Find (a) dot product (b) vector product of both ways. 11. A is 3 meters long directed due east. B is 2 meters long with a direction of Northeast. Find (a) dot product (b) vector product of both ways. 1.4 Uncertainties in measurements 1. Express the following results in proper rounded form, x x. (a) m = 14.34506 grams, m = 0.04251 grams. (b) t = 0.02346 sec, t = 1.623 x 10-3sec. (c) M = 7.35 x 1022kg, M = 2.6 x 1020kg. (d) m = 9.11 x 10-33 kg, m = 2.2345 x 10-33kg 2. Are the following numbers equal within the expected range of values? (a) (3.42 0.04) m/s and 3.48 m/s? (b) (13.106 0.014) grams and 13.206 grams? 4. For each of the following, convert the measurement into the given units and give your answer in standard scientific notation (a) 640 m = ____mm (b) 10.08 kg= ____mg (c) 0.0078 m3 = ____dm3 (d) 0.067 g/cm3 = ____g/dm3 (e) 204.0 kg = ______mg (f) 503.8 cm3 = _____ litres 3 3 (g) 0.0025 m = _____ dm (h) 25.9 litres = _____ kilolitres (i) 60 km/h = ______m/s 5. How many significant figures are there in each of the following? (i) 0.00042 (ii) 0.14700 (ii) 4.2 x 106 (iv) -154.090 x 10-27 6. Find the average and the average deviation of the following measurements of a mass. 4.32, 4.35, 4.31, 4.36, 4.37, 4.34 grams.

Figure 2

Figure 2

(c) (2.95 0.03) x 108 m/s and 3.00 x 108 m/s 3. Calculate z and z for each of the following cases. (a) z = (x - 2.5 y + w) for x = (4.72 0.12) m, y = (4.4 0.2) m, w = (15.63 0.16) m. (b) z = (w x/y) for w = (14.42 0.03) m/s2, x = (3.61 0.18) m, y = (650 20) m/s. (c) z = x3 for x = (3.55 0.15) m. (d) z = v (xy + w) with v = (0.644 0.004) m, x = (3.42 0.06) m, y = (5.00 0.12) m, w = (12.13 0.08) m2. (e) z = A sin y for A = (1.602 0.007) m/s, y = (0.774 0.003) rad. 7. I measure a length with a meter stick which has a least count of 1 mm I measure the length 5 times with results in mm of 123, 123, 124, 123, 123 mm. What is the average length and the uncertainty in length? 8. Suppose a radio signal travels from earth and through spaces at a speed of 3.0 108 m/s. How far into space did the signal travel during the first 10.0 minutes? Given distance, d = vt. Where, v is the velocity in m/s and t is time in seconds. 9. A car is driven at an average speed of 95.0 km/h for two hours, then at an average speed of 55.0 km/h for the next hour. What was the average speed for the three-hour trip? Given average speed, v = d/t. Where, d is the total distance in km and t is time in hours