l8u Semlnar

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Andrew Speedy - vlslung rofessor, School of AgrlculLure


Wednesday 13 March 2013
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- PeadquarLers ln 8ome
- llve 8eglonal Cmces
- llve Sub-reglonal Cmces
- llve Llalson Cmces
- SevenLy-lour* CounLry 8epresenLauons
- 1hlrLy-slx counLrles wlLh muluple accredlLauon
- 3600 sLa
- 192 Member CounLrles
uevelopmenL ls a muludlmenslonal process
lnvolvlng changes ln sLrucLures, lnsuLuuons, and
amLudes as well as Lhe accelerauon of economlc
growLh, Lhe reducuon of lnequallLy, and Lhe
eradlcauon of absoluLe poverLy. Mlchael
1odaro, 1983. Lconomlcs for a ueveloplng
World, Longman.
Low lncome counLrles
lood ald
overLy 8educuon
WaLer
AgrlculLure
loresLry
llsherles
AlLernauve enLerprlses
Botswana Brazil China
India Indonesia Malaysia
Namibia Nigeria Pakistan
Peru Philippines Senegal
South Africa Sri Lanka Sudan
Swaziland Thailand Tunisia
Turkey Venezuela Vietnam
Some Mlddle lncome CounLrles (104 ln 2010)
Table 1: World Bank definition of income categories
Middle-income countries (MIC)
Low-income (LIC)
Lower-middle-
income (LMIC)
Upper-middle-
income (UMIC)
High-income (HIC)
$995 or less $996 - $3,945 $3,946 - $12,195 $12,196 or more
1able 2: ?ears of graduauon from LlC Lo MlC slnce 2000

2000 Turkmenistan
2001 -
2002 Armenia; Ukraine
2003 Azerbaijan; Georgia; Indonesia
2004 Angola
2005 Cameroon; Congo, Rep.; Lesotho; Moldova; Nicaragua
2006 Bhutan
2007 India; Sudan; Mongolia; Timor-Leste
2008
Cte dIvoire ; Nigeria; Pakistan; Sao Tom and Principe;
Solomon Islands*
2009** Senegal; Uzbekistan; Vietnam; Yemen
Clennle, !. 2011. 1he role of ald Lo mlddle-lncome counLrles: a conLrlbuuon
Lo evolvlng Lu developmenL pollcy. Cul Worklng aper 331.

National Most poor people live in MICs
Regional Spillover effects to nearby countries
Global Crucial contribution to global public goods
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For Against
Better value-for-money Scarce resources
Encouraging private capital Crowding out private capital
Danger of removing aid Perverse incentives
Targeted interventions Limited influence
Sub-national support Fungibility
Support to civil society Intergenerational poverty
Sharing expertise and knowledge
transfer
9,**,/ +#0',/' 2.3#/ B,+ 0/6 020./') 0.6 ), DE9'
Clennle, !. 2011. 1he role of ald Lo mlddle-lncome counLrles: a conLrlbuuon
Lo evolvlng Lu developmenL pollcy. Cul Worklng aper 331.

Mlddle lncome CounLrles
nauonal lans
Laws
lnLernauonal Compllance
1rade
PealLh and lood SafeLy
LnvlronmenLal and CC
overLy 8educuon
Lconomlc resLrucLurlng (urban-rural)
Finance
Business
People
Health
Education
Social
protection
Pension
Leisure Housing
Culture
Environment
Work
Goods Food
Biosphere
Industry Agriculture
Energy Water
Incentive
Tax
Tax
Social services
Environmental services
Policy
Framework
Land
Finance
Business
People
Health
Education
Social
protection
Pension
Leisure Housing
Culture Environment
Work
Goods Food
Biosphere
Industry Agriculture
Energy Water
Incentive
Tax
Tax
Social services
Environmental services
Land
1rade
lnLernauonal
agreemenLs
lorelgn
ollcy
nauonal
SecurlLy
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ollcy needs and gaps
urban-rural dlvlde
Mlgrauon
Land Lenure
AgrlculLural 8esLrucLurlng
LcosysLem managemenL
CllmaLe change adapLauon and mlugauon
lood sysLems
AgrlculLural 8esLrucLurlng
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CuLcomes
Local leadershlp capaclLy & publlc admlnlsLrauon lmproved
AgrlculLure, foresLry and sherles producuon lncreased
Workers educaLed and employed
lmproved rural lnfrasLrucLure
CuallLy of llfe lmproved, no more poverLy
CapaclLy for naLural dlsasLer preparedness
CuLpuLs

CapaclLy bulldlng ln pollcy and managemenL aL local level
AgrlculLure, foresLry and sherles developmenL lnc. anlmal and planL
healLh and food safeLy
8ural lnformauon, educauon and communlcauon programme
Synchronlzed developmenL of rural lnfrasLrucLure
Soclal securlLy
PealLh sysLem
Lducauon
CulLure program
SporL
CapaclLy sLrengLhened for naLural dlsasLer preparedness and
mlugauon,
reparedness agalnsL Lyphoons, ash oodlng, sallnlLy lnLruslon, and
udal sea,
Some Puman 8lghLs
8lghL Lo food
PealLh care (medlcal care)
Lducauon
LquallLy of boLh males and females, women's
rlghLs
1he rlghL Lo work
1o own properLy
lree Speech
SafeLy from vlolence
lmpllcauons for pollcles and
programmes
1. eople are recognlzed as key acLors ln Lhelr own developmenL, raLher Lhan passlve
reclplenLs of commodlues and servlces.
2. aruclpauon ls boLh a means and a goal.
3. SLraLegles are empowerlng.
4. 8oLh ouLcomes and processes are monlLored and evaluaLed.
3. Analysls lncludes all sLakeholders.
6. rogrammes focus on marglnallzed, dlsadvanLaged, and excluded groups.
7. 1he developmenL process ls locally owned.
8. rogrammes alm Lo reduce dlsparlLy.
9. 8oLh Lop-down and bouom-up approaches are used ln synergy.
10. SlLuauon analysls ls used Lo ldenufy lmmedlaLe, underlylng, and baslc causes of
developmenL problems.
11. Measurable goals and LargeLs are lmporLanL ln programmlng.
12. SLraLeglc parLnershlps are developed and susLalned.
13. rogrammes supporL accounLablllLy Lo all sLakeholders.

1he way forward....
8evlew sLraLegles, pollcles and laws ln relauon Lo
Lhe hollsuc pollcy framework Lo ldenufy needs,
gaps, synergles and conlcLs ln currenL leglslauon
and make recommendauons.
ln parucular, conslder Lhe promouon of culLure,
educauon, envlronmenL, gender balance, healLh
and soclal proLecuon wlLhln Lhe conLexL of rural
developmenL.
uevelop lnLer-mlnlsLerlal and lnLer-deparLmenLal
(local) mechanlsms for lnLegrauon and synergles
ln rural developmenL.
CapaclLy 8ulldlng
MlnlsLers and vlce MlnlsLers
rovlnclal leaders
ulsLrlcL Leaders
Local Leaders
rlvaLe SecLor
Clvll SocleLy, nCCs
1eachers (1ralnlng of 1ralners)
AdulLs
Chlldren
ro[ecuons lndlcaLe LhaL Lhe world's hlgher educauon
sysLem musL accommodaLe nearly 80 mllllon more
sLudenLs by 2023. 1o do so ln convenuonal campuses
would requlre Lhe openlng of Lhree large (30,000
sLudenLs) campuses every week for Lhe nexL 13 years."
Some of Lhese campuses wlll be bullL buL mosL wlll noL. CapaclLy can be lncreased
more qulckly and economlcally by lnvesung ln dlsLance and eLearnlng opporLunlues.
ln parucular, hlgher educauon sysLems should lnvesL ln Lhe creauon of open
educauonal resources (CL8). 1hls wlll creaLe a global pool of hlgh quallLy maLerlal
LhaL can be adapLed and versloned for lndlvldual counLrles and lnsuLuuons, all of
whlch should engage ln Lhls lmporLanL collecuve eorL Lo wlden access and lmprove
quallLy.
Slr !ohn uanlel, resldenL & CLC,
CommonwealLh of Learnlng.
lnnovauons
ollcy programme for mlnlsLers, dlrecLors
general, lnLernauonal organlzauons, banks,
nCCs.....
Plgh level resldenual course
M/MA
ulsLance learnlng
1eleconferenclng
MenLorlng
!"# %#&'()# *++, -.-.
ls lL worklng?
lf noL, why noL?
WhaL's Wrong wlLh Lhe World?
LquallLy
Cender
Lconomlcs
LnvlronmenL
ollucal sysLem
WhaL's Wrong wlLh Lhe World?
ConlcL
lood crlsls
Lconomlc crlsls
ollucal crlsls
naLural dlsasLers
CllmaLe Change
nauonal Lconomy
MarkeL Lconomy
ubllc SecLor
CovernmenL
ManufacLurlng Servlce SecLor
AgrlculLure
(larmers)
8anks
8eal
LsLaLe
LxporLs
CredlL
Consumers
1ax
Labour
Clobal Companles
Clobal llnance
Clobal Lconomy
/00 1(110#2 &34 #563478 &+4')3&' +) 1()2'
MarkeL Lconomy
ubllc SecLor
CovernmenL
ManufacLurlng Servlce SecLor
AgrlculLure
(larmers)
8anks
8eal
LsLaLe
LxporLs
CredlL
CuLsourclng
8onds Pedge funds Leveraglng luLures uerlvauves
Consumers
1ax
Labour
Collecuon of books and arucles aL:
hups://docs.google.com/folder/d/08xPlr!wndCgkCv8lSL80dPhneL0/edlL
?ou1ube:
hup://www.youLube.com/user/AndrewSpeedy/vldeos?ow=grld&vlew=1



1hank ?ou