Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 1

This print-out should have 34 questions.

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page nd all choices
before making your selection. The due time is
Central time.
these problem are extra credit homework,
but the material will be in the nal
001 (part 1 of 2) 10 points
A rectangular loop located a distance from a
long wire carrying a current is shown in the
gure. The wire is parallel to the longest side
of the loop.
6
.
4
5
c
m
4.2 cm
1
8
c
m
0
.
0
9
1
5
A
Find the total magnetic ux through the
loop.
Correct answer: 1.65187 10
9
Wb.
Explanation:
Let : c = 6.45 cm,
a = 4.2 cm,
b = 18 cm, and
I = 0.0915 A.
c a
b
r
dr
I
From Amp`eres law, we know that the
strength of the magnetic eld created by the
current-carrying wire at a distance r from the
wire is (see gure.)
B =

0
I
2 r
,
so the eld varies over the loop and is directed
perpendicular to the page. Since
~
B is paral-
lel to d
~
A, we can express the magnetic ux
through an area element dA as

_
BdA
=
_

0
I
2 r
dA.
Note:
~
B is not uniform but rather depends on
r, so it cannot be removed from the integral.
In order to integrate, we express the area
element shaded in the gure as dA = b dr.
Since r is the only variable that now appears
in the integral, we obtain for the magnetic
ux

B
=

0
I
2
b
_
a+c
c
d r
r
=

0
I b
2
lnr

a+c
c
=

0
I b
2
ln
_
a +c
c

=

0
(0.0915 A)(0.18 m)
2
ln
_
a +c
c

=

0
(0.0915 A)(0.18 m)
2
(0.50148)
= 1.65187 10
9
Wb.
002 (part 2 of 2) 10 points
What is the direction of the magnetic eld
through the rectangular loop?
1. out of the plane of the paper
2. into the plane of the paper
3. cannot be determined with information
given correct
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 2
Explanation:
The direction of the current is not given,
hence the absolute direction of the magnetic
eld cannot be determined, although the mag-
netic eld is perpendicular to the plane of the
paper. For example if the current ows up-
ward (downward) the magnetic eld would be
into (out of) the plane of the paper.
003 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
A coil is wrapped with 198 turns of wire on the
perimeter of a square frame of sides 34.4 cm.
Each turn has the same area, equal to that of
the frame, and the total resistance of the coil
is 1.74 . A uniform magnetic eld is turned
on perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
If the eld changes linearly from 0 to
0.908 Wb/m
2
in a time of 1.13 s, nd the mag-
nitude of the induced emf in the coil while the
eld is changing.
Correct answer: 18.8274 V.
Explanation:
Basic Concept: Faradays Law is
E =
d
B
dt
.
Solution: The magnetic ux through the
loop at t = 0 is zero since B = 0. At t =
1.13 s , the magnetic ux through the loop
is
B
= BA = 0.107449 Wb. Therefore the
magnitude of the induced emf is
E =
N
B
t
=
(198 turns) [(0.107449 Wb) 0]
(1.13 s)
= 18.8274 V
|E| = 18.8274 V.
004 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
A magnetic eld of 0.297 T exists in the region
enclosed by a solenoid that has 420 turns and
a diameter of 5.42 cm.
Within what period of time must the eld
be reduced to zero if the average magnitude
of the induced emf within the coil during this
time interval is to be 12.3 kV?
Correct answer: 2.33986 10
5
s.
Explanation:
Basic Concept:
Faradays Law:
E = N
d
B
dt
From Faradays Law, we get
|E| =

N
d
B
dt

= N A
d B
dt
= N A
B
t
= N A
B
t
So, the time needed equals
t =
N AB
E
=
(420 turns) (0.00230722 m
2
) (0.297 T)
(12.3 kV)
= 2.33986 10
5
s .
005 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
A circular conducting loop is held xed in
a uniform magnetic eld that varies in time
according to B(t) = B
0
exp(a t) where t is
in s, a is in s
1
and B is the eld strength
in T at t = 0. At t = 0, the emf induced in
the loop is 0.0659 V. At t = 3.5 s, the emf is
0.0221 V, .
Find a.
Correct answer: 0.31216 s
1
.
Explanation:
Basic concept Faradays Law
E = A
d B
dt
Solution: Since the emf is
E = A
d B
dt
,
since only the magnetic eld is changing and
d B
dt
= a Bexp(at) ,
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 3
we have 2 equations from the 2 dierent times.
They are
at t = 0 ,
a AB = 0.0659 V, and
at t = 1.5 s ,
a ABexp[a (3.5 s)] = 0.0221 V.
Dividing the second equation by the rst
and then taking the natural logarithm, we
have
a =
ln

(0.0221 V)
(0.0659 V)

(3.5 s)
= 0.31216 s
1
.
006 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
A(n) 43.2 cm length of wire when used as a re-
sistor has a resistance of 0.00365 . The ends
of the wire are connected to form a circular
loop, and the plane of the loop is positioned at
right angles to a uniform magnetic eld that
is increasing at the rate of 0.0726 T/s.
At what rate is thermal energy generated
in the wire?
Correct answer: 318.49 W.
Explanation:
The changing magnetic eld generates a
current in the wire. The induced potential is
V = A
dB
dt
.
The radius is found from the circumference,
(C = `), to be:
r =
C
2
=
43.2 cm
2
.
Hence the area is given by
A = r
2
=
_
C
2

2
=
1

_
C
2

2
Then the induced potential is
V =
1

_
C
2

2
dB
dt
= 0.00107819 V
The power dissipated is then
P =
V
2
R
=
(0.00107819 V)
2
(10
6
)
0.00365
= 318.49 W
007 (part 1 of 3) 10 points
Assume: The induced emf for the closed
loop octagonal CXDY C is E.
A solenoid (with magnetic eld B) pro-
duces a steadily increasing uniform magnetic
ux through its circular cross section. A
octagonal circuit surrounds the solenoid as
shown in the gure. The wires connecting
in the circuit are ideal, having no resistance.
The circuit consists of two identical light bulbs
(labeled X and Y ) in series. A wire connects
points C and D. The ratio of the solenoids
area A
L
left of the wire CD and the solenoids
area A
R
right of the wire CD is
A
L
A
R
= 4 .
B
B
B
B
Y X
D
C
i
3
i
1
i
2
A
L
A
R
The equations for the (right) loop CXDC
and the (left) loop CDY C are respectively
given by
1.
E
5
+i
1
R = 0 and
4 E
5
i
2
R = 0 .
2.
4 E
5
i
1
R = 0 and
E
5
+i
2
R = 0 .
3.
4 E
5
i
1
R = 0 and
E
5
i
2
R = 0 .
4.
E
5
i
1
R = 0 and
4 E
5
+i
2
R = 0 .
5.
4 E
5
+i
1
R = 0 and
E
5
+i
2
R = 0 .
6.
E
5
i
1
R = 0 and
4 E
5
i
2
R = 0 .
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 4
7.
E
5
+i
1
R = 0 and
4 E
5
+i
2
R = 0 . cor-
rect
8.
4 E
5
+i
1
R = 0 and
E
5
i
2
R = 0 .
Explanation:
By denition, the areas of the left and right
loops are related by
A = A
L
+A
R
.
Since
A
L
A
R
= 4, we can solve for A
L
and A
R
in
terms of A.
A
L
=
4 A
5
A
R
=
A
5
.
Then we can compute the magnitude of the
induced emf around the right and left loops.
E
R
= A
R
d B
dt
=
A
5
d B
dt
=
1
5
E
E
L
= A
L
d B
dt
=
4 A
5
d B
dt
=
4
5
E .
The induced emf and the changing mag-
netic ux are related by
E =
d
dt
= A
d B
dt
.
Since the magnetic ux is increasing, the in-
duced emf is in the clockwise direction and the
direction of the current is counter-clockwise,
as shown in the gure.
From Kirchos laws, the loop equations for
the right and left loops respectively are
right loop :
1
5
E +i
1
R = 0 (1)
left loop :
4
5
E +i
2
R = 0 (2)
008 (part 2 of 3) 10 points
Note: i
3
is dened as positive if it ows in the
same direction as shown in the gure.
What is the current i
3
?
1. i
3
=
3 E
4 R
2. i
3
=
3 E
5 R
correct
3. i
3
=
4 E
5 R
4. i
3
= +
3 E
4 R
5. i
3
= +
E
4 R
6. i
3
=
E
4 R
7. i
3
= +
3 E
5 R
8. i
3
= +
4 E
5 R
9. i
3
= 0
Explanation:
From the loop Eqs. 1 and 2 in Part 1, we
can solve for the currents i
1
and i
2
,
i
1
=
1
5
E
R
i
2
=
4
5
E
R
.
Since charge is conserved at a junction
i
2
= i
1
+i
3
i
3
= i
2
i
1
,
we have
i
3
=
4
5
E
R
+
1
5
E
R
=
3
5
E
R
.
009 (part 3 of 3) 10 points
The ratio of the brightness of bulb Y to that
of bulb X,
brightness
Y
brightness
X
, is
1.
brightness
Y
brightness
X
= 3
2.
brightness
Y
brightness
X
= 9
3.
brightness
Y
brightness
X
= 4
4.
brightness
Y
brightness
X
= 16 correct
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 5
5.
brightness
Y
brightness
X
= 2
Explanation:
The brightness of a bulb is proportional to
the power dissipated by it. If the resistance of
the bulb is R, then
P
Y
P
X
=
E
2
CDY C
R
E
2
CXDC
R
=
_
_
_
A
L
d B
dt
A
R
d B
dt
_
_
_
2
=
_
A
L
A
R

2
= (4)
2
= 16 .
010 (part 1 of 2) 10 points
Given: Assume the bar and rails have neg-
ligible resistance and friction.
In the arrangement shown in the gure,
the resistor is 9 and a 2 T magnetic eld
is directed into the paper. The separation
between the rails is 7 m. Neglect the mass of
the bar.
An applied force moves the bar to the right
at a constant speed of 9 m/s .
m

1
g
9 m/s
9

2 T
2 T
I
7
m
Calculate the applied force required to
move the bar to the right at a constant speed
of 9 m/s.
Correct answer: 196 N.
Explanation:
Basic Concept: Motional emf
E = B` v.
Magnetic force on current
~
F = I
~
`
~
B.
Ohms Law
I =
V
R
.
Solution: The motional emf induced in the
circuit is
E = B` v
= (2 T) (7 m) (9 m/s)
= 126 V.
From Ohms law, the current owing through
the resistor is
I =
E
R
=
126 V
9
= 14 A.
Thus, the magnitude of the force exerted on
the bar due to the magnetic eld is
F
B
= I ` B
= (14 A)(7 m)(2 T)
= 196 N.
To maintain the motion of the bar, a force
must be applied on the bar to balance the
magnetic force
F = F
B
= 196 N
011 (part 2 of 2) 10 points
At what rate is energy dissipated in the resis-
tor?
Correct answer: 1764 W.
Explanation:
The power dissipated in the resistor is
P = I
2
R
= (14 A)
2
(9 )
= 1764 W.
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 6
Note: Second of four versions.
012 (part 1 of 4) 10 points
A bar of negligible resistance and mass m =
38 kg in the gure below is pulled horizontally
across frictionless parallel rails, also of negligi-
ble resistance, by a massless string that passes
over an ideal pulley and is attached to a sus-
pended mass M = 210 g. The uniform mag-
netic eld has a magnitude B = 640 mT, and
the distance between the rails is ` = 91 cm.
The rails are connected at one end by a load
resistor R = 71 m. Use g = 9.8 m/s
2
.
B
M
m
R
What is the magnitude of the terminal ve-
locity (i.e., the eventual steady-state speed
v

) reached by the bar?

Correct answer: 0.430785 m/s.
Explanation:
Basic Concepts:
~
F
g
= M~g
~
F
m
= I
~
`
~
B
~
F
net
= (M +m)~a =
~
F
g

~
F
m
E = I R =
d
B
dt

B
=
~
B
~
A
E = B` v
Solution: It follows from Lenzs law that the
magnetic force opposes the motion of the bar.
When the wire acquires steady-state speed,
the gravitational force F
g
is counter-balanced
by the magnetic force F
m
(see gure below)
B
M
m
R
a
a
T
T
F
F
m
g
F
g
= M g = F
m
= ` I B (1)
I =
M g
` B
(2)
To nd the induced current, we use Ohms law
and substitute in the induced emf, E =
d
dt
I =
|E|
R
=
1
R
d
dt
(3)
Note: We have ignored the minus sign from
the induced emf E because we will eventu-
ally evaluate the magnitude of the terminal
velocity. The ux is = BA. So
d
dt
= B
dA
dt
= B` v (4)
I =
B` v
R
. (5)
Using (2) and (5) and noting that v is the
terminal velocity v

M g
` B
=
B` v

R
. (6)
Solving for the magnitude of the terminal
velocity v

=
M g R
`
2
B
2
(7)
=
(0.21 kg)(9.8 m/s
2
)(0.071 )
(0.91 m)
2
(640 mT)
2
= 0.430785 m/s .
013 (part 2 of 4) 10 points
What is the acceleration when the velocity
v = 0.75 s?
Correct answer: 0.0399108 m/s
2
.
Explanation:
To get the velocity as a function of time we
need the acceleration
a(v)
dv
dt
. (8)
Apply Newtons second law to the bar and
the suspended mass separately
ma = T F
m
and
M a = F
g
T ,
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 7
where T is the tension in the string. Combine
and solve for a
a =
F
g
F
m
m+M
, (9)
where F
g
= M g and F
m
= I ` B. Further,
the induced current I =
E
R
and E = B` v, so
I =
B` v
R
and
F
m
=
B
2
`
2
v
R
. (10)
Since, from (1)
F
g
= M g . (11)
Thus, using Eqs. (9), (10), and (11), Eq. (8)
reduces to the dierential equation
a =
M g
(m+M)

B
2
`
2
R(m+M)
v , (12)
or
a =
dv
dt
=
M g R
B
2
`
2
v
R(m+M)
B
2
`
2
. (13)
014 (part 3 of 4) 10 points
What is the time constant ?
Correct answer: 7.99821 s.
Explanation:
Rewriting the dierential equation, Eq.
(12), in dimensionless form and isolating t
on one side and v on the other, we get
dv
M g R
B
2
`
2
v
=
dt
R(m+M)
B
2
`
2
(14)
or
dv
v

v
=
dt

(15)
where v

is dened in Part 1, (7), and the

time constant is
=
R(m+M)
B
2
`
2
(16)
=
(0.071 )(38 kg + 0.21 kg)
(640 mT)
2
(0.91 m)
2
= 7.99821 s .
015 (part 4 of 4) 10 points
What is the horizontal speed of the bar at
time t = 4.15907 s, assuming that the bar was
at rest at t = 0 s?
Correct answer: 0.174675 m/s.
Explanation:
Integrating (14) we have
_
v
0
dv
v

v
=
_
t
0
dt

(17)
ln
_
1
v

ln
_
1
v

=
t

0
ln
_
v

v
v

=
t

v
v

= e

_
t

v = v

_
1 e

_
t

_
(18)
= (0.430785 m/s)
_

_
1 e

_
4.15907 s
7.99821 s

_
= 0.174675 m/s .
016 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
A light bulb is connected to a battery,
turned on, and is visibly lit.
An iron core is rst rapidly thrust into the
coil, then rapidly withdrawn.
S
light bulb
iron core
These two actions will temporarily
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 8
1. brighten the bulb both ways.
2. have no eect on the bulbs brightness.
3. dim the bulb both ways.
4. brighten one way, dim the other. correct
Explanation:
While the core moves, current will be in-
duced. Moving in one direction will increase
the DC current, while moving in the other
direction will decrease the DC current.
017 (part 1 of 8) 10 points
A rectangular loop with resistance R has N
turns, each of length L and width W as shown
in the gure. The loop moves into a uniform
magnetic eld B (into the page) with speed v.
B
B
B
B
0
x
0
a c
b d
L
W
v
R
B
B
B
B
0
x
0
a c
b d
v
What is
d
total
dt
(the time derivative of the
ux for all turns of the loop) just after the
front edge (side ab) of the loop enters the
eld?
1.
d
total
dt
= zero
2.
d
total
dt
= BW v
3.
d
total
dt
= N BW
4.
d
total
dt
= N BLv
5.
d
total
dt
= BLv
6.
d
total
dt
= N BW Lv
7.
d
total
dt
= BW Lv
8.
d
total
dt
= N BL
9.
d
total
dt
= N BW v correct
10.
d
total
dt
= N BW L
Explanation:
Basic Concepts: Magnetic ux is dened
as:
=
~
B
~
A

total
= N = N [
~
B
~
A]
Given:
R=the resistance of the loop,
N=the number of turns,
L=the length of each loop,
W=the width of the loop.
Find:
(1)
d
total
dt
,
(2) The current in the loop,
(3) The force on the loop as it enters the eld,
(4) The force on the loop as it moves within
the eld.
Solution: The magnetic ux is given by

total
= N (B A) ,
where N and B are constant, but the area is
changing.
A = W (v t) initially, so

total
= N BW v t
d
total
dt
= N BW v .
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 9
018 (part 2 of 8) 10 points
Remember: E =
d
total
dt
= N
d
dt
.
What is the magnitude of the current I in
the loop just after the front edge (side ab) of
the loop enters the magnetic eld?
1. I = ER
2. I =
R
E
3. I =
E
2
R
4. I =
E
2
R
3
5. I =
E
R
2
6. I = zero
7. I = ER
2
8. I =
R
E
2
9. I =
E
2
R
2
10. I =
E
R
correct
Explanation:
E =
d
total
dt
= N BW v
I =
E
R
=
N BW v
R
so the current I =
N Bwv
R
is in the counter-
clockwise direction (from b up to a) in order
that ux is created in the loop which opposes
the increase of ux in the loop of the uniform
magnetic eld (into the page) as the loop
moves into this magnetic eld.
Note: The minus sign merely indicates that
the direction of the current will be set up
in such a way so as to resist the increasing
magnetic ux.
019 (part 3 of 8) 10 points
What is the direction of the current I in the
loop just after it enters the magnetic eld?
1. counter-clockwise correct
2. clockwise
3. No current
Explanation:
The direction is counter-clockwise.
020 (part 4 of 8) 10 points
Given: I is the current as found in Part 2.
What is the magnitude of the force F on
the loop just after the front edge (side ab) of
the loop enters the eld?
1. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
Lv
R
2
2. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
R
v
3. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W v
R
4. k
~
Fk = zero
5. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
v
R
correct
6. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
R
W
2
v
7. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W Lv
R
8. k
~
Fk =
N
2
W
2
Rv
B
2
9. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
Rv
10. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
Lv
R
Explanation:
The force on the loop is given by F =
N I BW =
N
2
B
2
W
2
v
R
as the forces act on
the current within the eld, and the horizontal
currents have equal and opposite forces. Thus
only the right hand vertical loops have a force
acting on them. This force acts to oppose the
movement of the coils, and must point right.
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 10
021 (part 5 of 8) 10 points
What is the direction of the force F on the
loop just after the front edge (side ab) of the
loop enters the eld?
1. indeterminate, since the force is zero
2. towards the bottom of the page
3. left
4. right correct
5. towards the top of the page
Explanation:
Since
~
F = W [
~
I
~
B] ,

F =

I

B.
Use right hand rule of cross product, we
see that the direction of the force is pointing
towards right.
022 (part 6 of 8) 10 points
B
B
B
B
0
x
0
a c
b d
v
What is the magnitude of the force F on
the loop as it moves within the eld?
1. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
R
v
2. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W v
R
3. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
Rv
4. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W Lv
R
5. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
Lv
R
6. k
~
Fk = 0 correct
7. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
Lv
R
2
8. k
~
Fk =
N
2
W
2
Rv
B
2
9. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
R
W
2
v
10. k
~
Fk =
N
2
B
2
W
2
v
R
Explanation:
Within the eld, the magnetic ux is con-
stant, so
d
total
dt
= 0. Thus, E = 0, I = 0,
and no force opposes the motion.
023 (part 7 of 8) 10 points
What is the direction of the force on the loop
as it moves within the eld?
1. towards the top of the page
2. right
3. towards the bottom of the page
4. left
5. indeterminate, since the force is zero cor-
rect
Explanation:
024 (part 8 of 8) 10 points
B
B
B
B
0
x
0
a c
b d
v
What is the direction of the force on the
loop as it moves out of the eld (edge cd is in
the eld while edge ab is out of the eld)?
1. left
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 11
2. right correct
3. indeterminate, since the force is zero
4. towards the top of the page
5. towards the bottom of the page
Explanation:
The force on the loop is given by F =
N I BW =
N
2
B
2
W
2
v
R
as the forces act on
the current within the eld, and the horizontal
currents have equal and opposite forces. Thus
only the right hand vertical loops have a force
acting on them. This force acts to oppose the
movement of the coils, and must point right.
025 (part 1 of 5) 10 points
A rectangular loop with resistance 13.1
has 62 turns. The loops length is 9.3 m and
width is 2 m (as shown in the gure). The
loop moves with a speed of 4.1 m/s into a
region with a uniform magnetic eld of 5.2 T
(into the page). The eld exists in the region
0 < x < 10.6 m.
B
B
B
B
0 10.6 m
5.2 T
a c
b d
9.3 m
2
m
4.1 m/s
13.1
B
B
B
B
0 10.6 m
a c
b d
v
When the edge ab of the loop just enters
the eld and is between 0 and 10.6 m, what is
the magnitude of the induced current in the
loop?
Correct answer: 201.808 A.
Explanation:
Given:
R = 13.1 , the resistance of the loop,
N = 62 , the number of turns,
` = 9.3 m, the length of the loop, and
w = 2 m, the width of the loop.
B
B
B
B
0 10.6 m
a c
b d
`
w
v
R = 13.1
Basic Concepts: Magnetic ux is dened
as:

n
= N (
~
B
~
A)
Solution: We will nd: (1)
d
N
dt
,
(2) The current in the loop,
(3) The force on the loop as it enters the eld,
(4) The force on the loop as it moves into the
eld.
The magnetic ux is given by
N
= N (B
A) where N and B are constant, but the area
is changing. A = w(v t) initially.

N
= N Bwv t
d
N
dt
= N Bwv
E =
d
N
dt
= N Bwv
I =
E
R
=
N Bwv
R
=
(62) (5.2 T) (2 m) (4.1 m/s)
(13.1 )
= 201.808 A,
so the current I =
N Bwv
R
is in the counter-
clockwise direction (from b up to a) in order
that ux is created in the loop which opposes
the increase of ux in the loop of the uniform
magnetic eld of 5.2 T (into the page) as the
loop moves into this magnetic eld.
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 12
Note: The minus sign merely indicates that
the direction of the current will be set up
in such a way so as to resist the increasing
magnetic ux.
026 (part 2 of 5) 10 points
When the edge ab of the loop just enters
the eld and is between 0 and 10.6 m, what
force is required to keep the loop moving with
constant speed?
Correct answer: 130126 N.
Explanation:
The force on the loop is given by F =
N I Bw =
N
2
B
2
w
2
v
R
as the forces act on
the current within the eld, and the horizontal
currents have equal and opposite forces. Thus
only the right hand vertical loops have a force
acting on them. This force acts to oppose the
movement of the coils, and must point left.
F =
N
2
B
2
w
2
v
R
=
(62)
2
(5.2 T)
2
(2 m)
2
(4.1 m/s)
(13.1 )
= 130126 N.
027 (part 3 of 5) 10 points
When the edge ab of the loop just enters the
eld and is between 0 and 10.6 m, what is the
direction of the induced current ow between
a and b?
1. b up to a
2. a down to b correct
3. There is no current
Explanation:
See Part 1, the current is counter-clockwise.
028 (part 4 of 5) 10 points
B
B
B
B
0 10.6 m
a c
b d
v
Just after cd passes 10.6 m, while the coil is
within the region of the eld, in what direction
does the current ow between a and b?
1. There is no current correct
2. b up to a
3. a down to b
Explanation:
There is no change in ux, consequently the
current is zero.
029 (part 5 of 5) 10 points
B
B
B
B
0 10.6 m
a c
b d
v
Just after edge ab exits the eld, in what
direction does the current ow between a and
b?
1. a down to b
2. There is no current
3. b up to a correct
Explanation:
See Part 1, the current is now clockwise;
i.e., the change in ux is opposite to that in
Part 1.
030 (part 1 of 2) 10 points
Given: g = 9.8 m/s
2
.
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 13
Assume: The rod remains in contact with
the rails as it slides down the rails. The rod
experiences no friction or air drag. The rails
at each side and on the bottom have negligible
resistance.
A straight, horizontal rod slides along par-
allel conducting rails at an angle with the
horizontal, as shown below. The rails are con-
nected at the bottom by a horizontal rail so
that the rod and rails forms a closed rect-
angular loop. A uniform vertical eld exists
throughout the region.
4
.
5
m
/
s
58 g
6.1
0
0.42 T
sliding rod
1 m
Viewed from above
4
.
5
m
/
s
20

0.42 T
Viewed from the side
If the velocity of the rod is 4.5 m/s, what is
the current through the resistor?
Correct answer: 291.151 mA.
Explanation:
Let : ` = 1 m,
m = 58 g ,
R = 6.1 ,
v = 4.5 m/s , and
B = 0.42 T.
v
m
R
0
B
sliding rod
`
Viewed from above
v

B
Viewed from the side
Basic Concepts:
E =
d
B
dt
The movement of the rod decreases the area
of the loop, so the ux through the loop is
changing in time, and there is an induced emf
E. If we denote the area by A, this induced
emf is
E =
d
dt
=
d (BAcos )
dt
= Bcos
dA
dt
.
since the ux is B A = BAcos , where is
the angle between the magnetic eld B and
the normal vector to the area. The magnetic
eld and the angle are both constant and were
pulled out of the dierentiation. Now, if we
call the distance from the rod to the resistor
x, the emf becomes
E = Bcos
d (` x)
dt
= B` cos
d x
dt
= B` v cos .
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 14
Thus the current in the resistor is
I =
|E|
R
=
B` v cos
R
=
=
(0.42 T) (1 m) (4.5 m/s) cos(20

)
(6.1 )
= 0.291151 A
= 291.151 mA.
031 (part 2 of 2) 10 points
What is the terminal velocity of the rod?
Correct answer: 7.61317 m/s.
Explanation:
The terminal velocity is reached when the
forces on the rod cancel, so it feels no more
acceleration. The force from the induced cur-
rent is, since the rod is perpendicular to the
magnetic eld,
F
B,total
= I ` B.
However, this force is directed parallel to the
ground. We need the component of this force
parallel to the tracks, which is
F
B
= I ` Bcos .
The component of the force of gravity parallel
to the tracks is
F
g
= mg sin .
At the terminal velocity, these forces are in
equilibrium, F
B
= F
g
, which yields
mg sin =
B` v
0
cos
R
` Bcos
where the expression for I from part 1 was
used. We proceed to solve for v
0
v
0
=
Rmg sin
[` Bcos ]
2
=
(6.1 ) (0.058 kg) (9.8 m/s
2
) sin(20

)
[(1 m) (0.42 T) cos(20

)]
2
= 7.61317 m/s .
Rather than worrying about force compo-
nents, it might be easier to use a scalar quan-
tity, such as power. When the rod is at its
terminal velocity, the power being lost in the
resistor must equal the power being gained
due to gravity. Thus
P
R
=
d
dt
U
grav
E
2
R
= mg
d z
dt
(B` v
0
cos )
2
R
= mg v
0
sin .
Solving this for v
0
gives the same result as
above.
032 (part 1 of 1) 10 points
In the gure shown, the north pole of the
magnet is rst moved down toward the loop
of wire, then is withdrawn upward.
Clockwise
Counter-
clockwise
N
As viewed from above, the induced current
in the loop is
1. for both cases clockwise with increasing
magnitude.
2. for both cases counterclockwise with de-
creasing magnitude.
3. for both cases counterclockwise with in-
creasing magnitude.
4. for both cases clockwise with decreasing
magnitude.
5. rst clockwise, then counterclockwise.
6. rst counterclockwise, then clockwise.
correct
Explanation:
From Ohms law and Faradays law, the
current in magnitude is I =
V
R
=
1
R
d
dt
,
where is the magnetic ux through the loop.
We know the sign of the rate of change of the
magnetic ux is changed when the magnet is
Assign, Ten Homework 9 Due: Dec 11 2003, 2:00 pm Inst: Richard Saenz 15
withdrawn upward, which, according to the
equation the direction of the current is also
changed.
From Lenzs law, we know when the magnet
is moved down toward the loop, the current
in the loop is counterclockwise as viewed from
above.
033 (part 1 of 2) 10 points
The counter-clockwise circulating current in
a solenoid is increasing at a rate of 8.39 A/s.
The cross-sectional area of the solenoid is
3.14159 cm
2
, and there are 163 turns on its
18.4 cm length.
What is the magnitude of the induced E
produced by the increasing current?
Correct answer: 0.478277 mV.
Explanation:
Basic Concepts: Faradays Law for
solenoid
E = N
d
dt
= N A
d B
dt
.
Magnetic eld produced by the changing cur-
rent is
B =

0
N I
L
d B
d t
=

0
N
L
d I
d t
.
Faradays Law for solenoid
E = N
d
dt
= N
d (BA)
dt
=
N
2
A
L

0
d I
d t
.
Magnetic eld induced by current
B =

0
N I
L
.
Solution: Thus, the induced E is
|E| =

0
N
2
L
A
d I
dt
=
(1.25664 10
6
N/A
2
) (163)
2
18.4 cm
(3.14159 cm
2
)(8.39 A/s)

_
10
3
mV
V
_
1
10
2
m
cm

= 0.478277 mV.
034 (part 2 of 2) 10 points
Choose the correct statement
1. The E tries to keep the current in the
solenoid owing in the counter-clockwise di-
rection
2. The E does not eect the current in the
solenoid
3. Not enough information is given to deter-
mine the eect of the E
4. By the right hand rule, the E produces
magnetic elds in a direction perpendicular
to the prevailing magnetic eld
5. The E attempts to move the current in the
solenoid in the clockwise direction correct
Explanation:
As the current is increasing in the counter-
clockwise direction, by Lenzs law, the E will
attempt to retard the current, which estab-
lishes an E that tries to counter the ow of
the current, which in this case would be in the
clockwise direction.