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Word Families

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Word Families

Word families are groups of words that have a common feature or pattern - they have some of the same combinations of letters in them and a similar sound. For example, at, cat, hat, and fat are a family of words with the "at" sound and letter combination in common. The 37 most common word families in English (according to Wylie and Durrell) are: ack, ain, ake, ale, all, ame, an, ank, ap, ash, at, ate, aw ay, eat, ell, est, ice, ick, ide, ight, ill, in, ine, ing, ink, ip, it, ock, oke, op, ore, ot, uck ,ug, ump, unk. Many of the nursery rhymes contain common word families. You can use these rhymes to teach these letter combinations (and how they are spelled and spoken), having the students sound them out after memorizing the rhyme. You can study one word family a week. Students can use the Little Explorers Picture Dictionary to look for more words X that belong to word families. The following is a list of the most common word families in English (from Wylie and Durrell, 1970, plus a few extra word families) and examples of each.

Word Families
ack attack ad ad age age ail ail ain brain ake ale all all am cam ame an ank bank ap cap ar afar ash ash at at awake ale blame an

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

back black crack hack Jack knack lack pack quack rack sack snack stack tack track whack Zack

bad brad cad clad dad doodad glad had lad mad pad sad

cage engage rage sage stage wage

fail hail jail mail nail pail rail sail snail tail wail

chain complain explain gain grain main obtain pain plain rain slain Spain sprain stain strain train vain

bake brake cake fake flake Jake lake make quake rake sake shake snake stake take wake

bale dale gale kale male pale sale scale stale tale whale

ball call fall gall hall install mall small squall stall tall thrall wall

clam dam dram exam gram ham jam lam ma'am Pam ram Sam scam slam spam swam tam tram wham yam en

came fame flame frame game lame name same shame tame

ban bran can clan Dan fan flan Fran Jan Japan man pan pecan plan ran scan span Stan tan than van ent accent bent cent dent event gent lent rent scent sent spent tent vent went

blank crank dank drank flank frank Hank plank prank rank sank shrank spank tank thank yank

clap flap gap lap map nap rap sap scrap slap snap strap tap trap wrap yap zap

bar car czar far gar guitar jar mar par scar spar star tar tsar

bash brash cash clash crash dash flash gash gnash hash lash mash rash sash slash smash splash stash thrash trash ide

bat brat cat chat fat flat gnat hat mat pat rat sat slat spat tat that vat

ate abate ate crate date debate fate gate grate hate Kate late mate plate rate relate sate skate state

aw caw claw draw flaw gnaw jaw law paw raw saw slaw straw thaw

ay away bay bray clay day decay delay display flay gay gray hay jay lay may nay okay pay play pray quay ray relay replay say slay spray stay stray sway they today tray way ile bile

eat beat cheat cleat eat feat greet heat meat neat peat pleat seat treat wheat

eel eel feel heel keel kneel peel reel steel wheel

eep beep creep deep jeep keep peep seep sheep sleep steep sweep weep

eet beet feet fleet greet meet sheet sleet street sweet tweet

ell bell cell dell dwell farewell fell hell sell shell smell spell swell tell well yell

est best chest crest jest nest pest quest rest test unrest vest west zest

ice dice ice mice nice price rice slice spice splice thrice twice vice

ick brick chick click flick kick lick nick pick quick Rick sick slick stick thick tick trick wick

amen Ben children den fen gentlemen glen Gwen hen men open pen then ten when wren yen

bride decide glide hide pride ride side slide stride tide wide

ife fife

ight bright

ill bill

in bin

ine brine

ing bring

ink blink

ip blip

it admit

oat boat

ock block

og blog

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

knife life strife wife

delight fight flight fright height knight light might night plight right sight slight tight tonight

file mile Nile pile rile smile stile tile vile while

chill dill drill fill frill gill grill hill ill Jill kill krill mill pill quill shrill sill skill spill still swill thrill thrill till trill will ood

chin din fin gin grin in kin pin shin skin sin spin thin tin twin win within

decline define dine fine line mine nine pine shine shrine sine spine swine tine twine vine whine wine

cling fling king ping ring sing sling spring sting string swing thing wing wring zing

brink drink fink ink link mink pink rink shrink sink stink think wink

chip dip drip flip grip hip lip nip quip rip ship sip skip slip snip strip tip trip whip zip

bit fit flit grit hit it kit knit lit mit pit quit sit skit slit snit spit split twit wit

coat float gloat goat oat stoat throat

clock cock crock dock flock frock hock jock knock lock mock o'clock rock shock smock sock stock

bog catalog clog cog dog fog frog hog jog log slog smog

oil boil broil coil foil oil soil spoil toil

oke awoke bloke broke choke joke poke smoke spoke stoke stroke woke yoke

oo boo coo goo igloo moo shoo too woo zoo

ood

oof

oof

ook

oom

ool

oon balloon goon loon moon noon soon spoon swoon

oop coop droop hoop loop scoop snoop stoop troop

oot (long oo) boot hoot scoot shoot

oot (short oo) foot soot

op bop chop cop crop drop flop hop lop mop plop pop prop sop shop stop top

good brood goof hoof book bloom cool hood food proof woof brook boom drool stood mood roof cook broom fool wood spoof crook doom pool hook gloom spool look groom stool nook loom tool rook room shook zoom took

ore bore chore core fore gore lore more ore pore score shore sore spore store

orn adorn born corn forlorn horn morn scorn shorn thorn torn worn

ot apricot blot bot clot cot dot forgot got hot jot knot lot not plot

ought

ould

ouse

out

bought could douse about brought should grouse bout fought would house clout ought louse gout sought mouse grout thought spouse out wrought lout pout scout shout snout spout stout tout

ow (rhymes with ow (rhymes with own cow) low) brown bow bow crown cow blow down chow crow drown how flow frown now glow gown plow grow nightgown sow low town vow mow wow row show slow snow sow

uck buck chuck cluck duck luck muck puck pluck stuck struck truck tuck yuck

ug bug dug hug jug lug mug plug pug rug shrug smug snug thug tug

ump un bump clump dump grump hump jump lump plump pump rump slump stump thump trump bun fun gun nun pun run shun spun stun sun

unk bunk chunk drunk dunk flunk funk hunk junk lunk plunk punk skunk slunk spunk

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

swore tore wore yore

pot rot shot slot spot tot trot

trout

stow throw tow

sunk trunk

Books to Print About Word Families

Words that Rhyme with Ad A Printable Mini Book A tiny, printable book about simple words rhyming with 'ad' -- for early readers and writers. The book has 2 pages to print and makes 8 pages for the student to cut out, color, and write in. The words are: dad, glad, lad, mad, pad, sad, and "Can you think of another word that rhymes with ad?"

Words that Rhyme with Ail A Printable Mini Book A tiny, printable book about simple words rhyming with 'ail' -- for early readers and writers. The book has 2 pages to print and makes 8 pages for the student to cut out, color, and write in. The words are: mail, nail, pail, quail, snail, tail, and "Can you think of another word that rhymes with ail?"

Words that Rhyme with Words that Rhyme with All Ake A Printable Mini Book A Printable Mini Book A tiny, printable book about A tiny, printable book about simple words rhyming with simple words rhyming with 'all' -- for early readers and 'ake' -- for early readers and writers. The book has 2 pages writers. The book has 2 to print and makes 8 pages pages to print and makes 8 for the student to cut out, pages for the student to cut color, and write in. The out, color, and write in. The words are: ball, call, fall, words are: bake, cake, flake, hall, small, tall, and "Can lake, snake, rake, and "Can you think of another word you think of another word that rhymes with all?" that rhymes with ake?"

"AN" Words Book A book for early readers with words that have the "an" sound, like can, fan, man, van, and pan. Each page has a sentence to copy. Pages include: Dan ran. Fran has a can. Jan can use a fan. The man has a van. The plan began. A pecan is in the pan. Nan is from Japan.

"AT" Words Book Words that Rhyme with A book for early readers with Ar words that have the "at" A Printable Mini Book sound, like cat, hat, rat, vat, A tiny, printable book about and mat. Each page has a simple words rhyming with sentence to copy. Pages 'ar' -- for early readers and include: Matt is at bat. Pat writers. The book has 2 pages to print and makes 8 has a hat. This is a fat cat. Nat sat on a mat. The bat pages for the student to cut out, color, and write in. The spat. The rat is in the vat. Drat, a gnat. words are: bar, car, far, jar, scar, star, and "Can you think of another word that rhymes with ar?"

'At' Words Mini Book A Printable Writing Book A tiny, printable book about simple words rhyming with 'at' -- for early readers and writers. The book has 2 pages to print and makes 8 pages for the student to cut out, color, and write in. The words are: cat, cat, hat, fat, rat, sat, and "Can you think of another word that rhymes with at?"

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

NURSERY RHYMES COLORING BOOK

"EN" Words Book A book for early readers with words that have the "en" sound, like pen, hen, and when. Each page has a sentence to copy. Pages include: Ben has a pen. There are ten men. Glen saw a hen. The wren is in the fen. Gwen asked, "When?" and Ken said, "Then!"

Words that Rhyme with Ig A Mother Goose nursery A Printable Mini Book rhyme coloring book you can A tiny, printable book about print out, read, and color. simple words rhyming with 'ig' -- for early readers and writers. The book has 2 pages to print and makes 8 pages for the student to cut out, color, and write in. The words are: big, dig, fig, pig, twig, wig, and "Can you think of another word that rhymes with ig?"

Words that Rhyme with Ool A Printable Mini Book A tiny, printable book about simple words rhyming with 'ool' -- for early readers and writers. The book has 2 pages to print and makes 8 pages for the student to cut out, color, and write in. The words are: school, tool, stool, spool, pool, fool, and "Can you think of another word that rhymes with ool?"

THERE WAS AN OLD LADY WHO SWALLOWED A FLY

A booklet to print and color.

Words that Rhyme with Ug Rhyming Words A Printable Mini Book A Printable Activity Book A tiny, printable book about A short, printable book simple words rhyming with about rhyming words -- for 'ug' -- for early readers and early readers. The book has writers. The book has 2 pages for the student to cut pages to print and makes 8 out, objects to color, and pages for the student to cut rhyming words to find and out, color, and write in. The write. words are: bug, dug, jug, mug, pug, rug, and "Can you think of another word that rhymes with ug?" Word Wheels on Word Families

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

Word Wheel - AKE Words Word Wheel - AN Words

"AKE" word wheel. This 2-page print-out makes a word wheel; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. When you spin the wheel, six words that rhyme with "ake" are formed, one at a time: rake, cake, bake, snake, flake, and lake. The student then writes down the words that are formed by the word wheel and six others with the same ending. "AN" word wheel. This 2-page print-out makes a word wheel; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. When you spin the wheel, six words that rhyme with "an" are formed, one at a time: pan, fan, man, ran, can, and van. The student then writes down the words that are formed by the word wheel and six others with the same ending. FREE

Word Wheel - AR Words

"AR" word wheel. This 2-page print-out makes a word wheel; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. When you spin the wheel, six words that rhyme with "ar" are formed, one at a time: bar, scar, star, car, far, and jar. The student then writes down the words that are formed by the word wheel and six others with the same ending.

Word Wheel - AT Words

"AT" word wheel. This 2-page print-out makes a word wheel; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. When you spin the wheel, six words that rhyme with "at" are formed, one at a time: cat, hat, vat, rat, fat, and bat. The student then writes down the words that are formed by the word wheel and six others with the same ending.

Word Wheel - EN Words

"EN" word wheel. This 2-page print-out makes a word wheel; it consists of a base page together with a wheel that spins around. When you spin the wheel, six words that rhyme with "en" are formed, one at a time: hen, wren,

Make a wheel about common words using this 2-page printout; it consists of a base page together with two wheels that spin around. When you spin the wheels, many common compound words appear. The inner wheel has the letters c, f, g, h, l, p, t, and s. The outer wheel has the letter combinations: ab, ad, am, an, ap, ar, as, and at. The

Make Words Word Wheel Make Words Word Wheel Make Words Word Wheel a e i
Make a wheel about common words using this 2-page printout; it consists of a base page together with two wheels that spin around. When you spin the wheels, many common compound words appear. The inner wheel has the letters b, g, h, l, m, p, s, and w. The outer wheel has the letter combinations: eb, Make a wheel about common words using this 2-page printout; it consists of a base page together with two wheels that spin around. When you spin the wheels, many common compound words appear. The inner wheel has the letters b, d, f, h, l, r, s, and w. The outer wheel has the letter combinations: ib,

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

men, ten, pen, and when. The student then writes down the student then writes down the compound words that are formed words that are formed by the by the wheel (not every word wheel and six others with combination is a proper word). the same ending. Possible answers: cab, gab, lab, tab, cad, fad, gad, lad, had, pad, sad, tad, cam, ham, tam, can, fan, pan, tan, cap, gap, lap, sap, tap, car, far, gar, par, tar, gas, has, cat, fat, hat, pat, sat, tat.

ed, eg, em, en, er, et, and ew. The student then writes down the compound words that are formed by the wheel (not every combination is a proper word). Possible answers: bed, beg, gem, get, hem, hen, her, hew, led, leg, let, men, met, mew, peg, pen, per, pet, pew, set, sew, web, wed, wen, wet.

id, ig, im, in, ip, it, and ix. The student then writes down the compound words that are formed by the wheel (not every combination is a proper word). Possible answers: bib, bid, big, bin, bit, did, dig, dim, din, dip, fig, fin, fit, fix, hid, hip, hit, lid, lip, lit, rib, rid, rig, rim, rip, sin, sip, sir, six, wig, win, wit.

Make a wheel about common Make a wheel about common words using this 2-page printwords using this 2-page printout; it consists of a base page out; it consists of a base page together with two wheels that together with two wheels that spin around. When you spin the spin around. When you spin the wheels, many common wheels, many common compound words appear. The compound words appear. The inner wheel has the letters b, c, d, inner wheel has the letters b, c, d, h, p, r, s, and t. The outer wheel h, p, r, s, and t. The outer wheel has the letter combinations: ob, has the letter combinations: ub, od, og, on, op, ot, ow, and ox. ud, ug, un, up, ur, us, and ut. The The student then writes down the student then writes down the compound words that are formed compound words that are formed by the wheel (not every by the wheel (not every combination is a proper word). combination is a proper word). Possible answers: bob, bog, bot, Possible answers: bud, bug, bun, bow, box, cob, cod, cog, con, bus, but, cub, cud, cup, cus, cut, cop, coy, cow, hod, hog, hop, dub, dud, dug, dun, hub, hug, hut, hot, how, lob, log, lop, lot, low, pub, pug, pun, pup, pus, put, rub, lox, mob, mod, mop, mow, nod, rug, run, rut, sub, sun, sup, tub, not, now, sob, sod, son, sow, ton, tug. top, tot, and tow.

Make Words Word Wheel Make Words Word Wheel o u

Activities About Word Families

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

Words that Rhyme with ... Worksheets On each printable worksheet, the student writes six words that rhyme with a simple sound. Worksheets including the sounds: ad, ag, ake, all, an, ap, ar, at, ate, ay, ed, ee, ell, en, est, et, ig, ink, ing, ip, og, and op, ot, un. Word families used in Nursery Rhymes: Bees: ay, may, hay. The Boy in the Barn: ay, hay, away. Curly Locks: ine , mine, swine. Five Speckled Frogs: og, frog, log; ool , cool, pool. Georgie Porgie: ay, play, away. Hey Diddle Diddle: iddle , diddle, fiddle; oon , spoon, moon. Hickety, Pickety, My Black Hen: en, hen, gentlemen; ay, day, lay. Hickory Dickory Dock: ock, dock, clock; ive, five, hive; ine , nine, fine. Humpty Dumpty: all , wall, fall. Hush A Bye Baby: all , all, fall. I'm a Little Teapot: out , out, spout, stout. Jack and Jill: ill , Jill, hill; own , down, crown. Jack Be Nimble: ick , quick, stick. Knick Knack Paddy Whack: ee, three, knee; ive, five, hive; ine , nine, shine; en, ten, hen, eleven, heaven. Little Bo Peep: eep, peep, sheep. Little Boy Blue: orn, horn, corn; eep, sheep, asleep. Little Jack Horner: horner, corner. Little Mouse: ouse , mouse, house; eal, steal, meal; out , about; un , fun, run; eep, creep, peep. Little Sally Walker: est, west, best.

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Word Families - EnchantedLearning.com

Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary: ary, Mary, contrary; ow, row, grow; ells, shells, bells. Mockingbird: ing , ring, sing; brass, glass. Monday's Child: ace, grace, face; ing , giving, living; ay, day, gay. The Northwind Doth Blow: ow, blow, snow; ing , wing, thing. Old Mother Hubbard: ead, bread, dead; at, cat, hat; ig , wig, jig; oat, coat, goat. One, Two, Buckle my Shoe: en, ten, hen; twelve, delve. One, Two, Three, Four, Five: ive, alive, five. Peter, Peter, Pumpkin-eater: ell, shelll, well. Rain, Rain: ay, away, day. Rub-a-Dub-Dub: ub , dub, tub; ee, be, three. See-Saw Marjorie Daw: aw, Daw, saw, straw. Sing a Song of Sixpence: ing , king, sing; oney, money, honey. Star Light, Star Bright : ight , light, bright, night. Ten Little Monkeys: ed, bed, head. There was a Crooked Man: ile, mile, stile; ouse , mouse, house. There was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly: at, cat, that; og, hog, dog; ow, cow, how. Three Blind Mice: ife, wife, knife. Three Little Kittens: en, kitten, mitten; ear, dear, fear. To Market: ig , pig, jig; og, hog, jog. Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son: eat, eat, beat. Tommy Tittlemouse: ouse , Tittlemouse, house. Tweedle-Dum and Tweedle-Dee: attle, battle, rattle. Vintery, mintery, cutery, corn,: orn, corn, thorn; ock, lock, flock; est, west, nest. Wee Willie Winkie: own , town, nightgown; ock, lock, o'clock. What Are Little Girls Made Of? What Are Little Boys Made Of?: ice, spice, nice; ails , snails, tails. Yankee Doodle: andy , dandy, handy; ing , Gooding, pudding.
Reference : Richard E. Wylie and Donald D. Durrell, 1970. "Teaching Vowels Through Phonograms." Elementary English 47, 787-791.

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