Turbine

1.Turbine is a machine that produces mechanical power in rotary motion from kinetic energy of a fluid. 2.Steam turbine is a device to convert heat energy in steam to mechanical power. 3.Types:1.steam 2.wind 3.water 4.gas 4.Steam wind and water turbines are used for power generation. !."as turbines are used in #et aircraft. $.Turbine can also be classified as 1.impulse and 2.reaction turbine depending on the way they function. %.&eaction turbine:a turbine in which the working fluid is accelerated by e'pansion in both the static no((les and the rotor blades. ).*mpulse turbine:a turbine in which the e'pansion of the fluid often steam is completed in a static no((le the tor+ue being produced by the change in momentum of the fluid impinging on curved rotor blades.

,rinciple

-very turbine has a one basic principle that is: a moving fluid which can be water steam wind or gas is made to run over blades at a high speed the blades induced by the moving fluid start rotating and as a result they start the rotor engine attached to the device which is responsible for converting the energy into work.

Principle of steam turbine:

The

steam energy is converted mechanical work by e'pansion through the turbine. -'pansion takes place through a series of fi'ed blades.no((les/ and moving blades. *n each row fi'ed blade and moving blade are called stage.

*mpulse turbine 0orking principle It runs by impulse of steam.

Nozzle directs the steam on the curved blades, which causes

them to rotate. The blades are in the shape of buckets.

&eaction turbine 0orking principle

It has no nozzle. Two rows of moveable blades are separated by one row of fixed

blades. Fixed blades are attached to the casing !lades are like the wings of a plane.

act as nozzles.

1dvantages of steam turbine

It can develop higher speeds. The steam consumption is less. "ll the parts are enclosed in a casing so it is safe. It re#uires less space and lighter foundations. There is very less friction in the turbine due to few sliding parts.

2onstruction of steam turbine

1 steam turbine consists of 1.1 cylinder containing the fi'ed blade system 2.1 rotor carrying the moving blades 3.1 governor and valve system 4.1 coupling or gear reducer !.,ipe connections 1 steam turbine3s two main parts are cylinder and rotor.2ylinder is a steel or cast iron housing.*t contains fi'ed blades.&otor is a rotating shaft that carries moving blades.&otor of large steam turbine consists of high intermediate and low pressure sections.