DISCUSSION The objectives of this experiment are to determine the diffusivity of the vapour of acetone and to study the

effect of temperature on the d i f f u s i v i t y w h i c h b a s e d o n t h e m a s s transfer theory of the molecular diffusion in gases.T o a r c h i v e t h e objectives of this experiment, the gas dispersion a p p a r a t u s i s u s e d . This apparatus is combined with vernier scale and microscope which is used to measure andread the level of meniscus in the capillary tube which contains acetone. The diffusion of thev a p o u r o f a c e t o n e ( v o l a t i l e liquid) into another gas can be c o n v e n i e n t l y s t u d i e d c a n b y confining a small sample of the liquid in a narrow vertical t u b e , a n d o b s e r v i n g i t s r a t e o f evaporation into a stream of gas passed across the top of the tube.T h e experiment is divided into two parts which differ i n t e r m s o f t e m p e r a t u r e . F i r s t part, the experiment is run by using temperature of 40C and the diffusivity of the vapour of acetone obtained is 2.054 x 10 -7 m 2 /s. For the second part, the experiment is repeated by usingtemperature of 50C and the diffusivity of the vapour of acetone obtained is 8.875 x 10 -7 m 2

/s.B a s e d o n t h e r e s u l t o b t a i n e d f r o m b o t h part, the graph of t/(L L o ) against (L L o ) w a s plotted. From the graph, it can be observed that the graph plotted for the temperature of 40Cis a little bit steeper than the graph plotted for the temperature of 50C. Other than that, fromthe graph plotted, the value of slope can be obtained easily and the calculation of diffusivityof the vapour can be proceeding.F r o m t h e c a l c u l a t i o n t h a t h a s b e e n d o n e , it is shows that the value of diffusivity isaffected by the temperature. The higher the temperature, the diffusivity of the vapour o r t h e diffusion coefficient of acetone would increase. Diffusion is the movement of molecules froma n area of high concentration to an area of lower c o n c e n t r a t i o n a n d t h i s i s i n c r e a s e d w i t h increasing temperature which means when the temperature increase the diffusion will speedsup.[4] Thus, if the temperature is higher, then probably it would increase the rate of diffusion b y increasing the kinetic activity of the solution. The molecules of the solution would bemoving more vigorously and so naturally the chances of them moving through pores in am e m b r a n e w o u l d b e m u c h b e t t e r . [ 5 ] T h e refore, the molecules spread from high t o l o w concentration more rapidly.[6] There is much difference in the value of diffusivity o b t a i n e d from both temperature which is determine by 6.821 x 10

-7 m 2 /s.The higher temperature used in this experiment is only 50C. As we know, the boiling p o i n t o f a c e t o n e i s 5 6 . 5 C and if the temperature is exceeding the boiling point temperaturet h e d i f f u s i v i t y w i l l n o t be feasible. This is caused by the characteristics of the acetone solution which is volatile. An increase in pressure has a significant effect on the relativevolatility of the component in a liquid mixture. Since an increase in the pressure requires ani n c r e a s e s i n t h e t e m p e r a t u r e , t h e n a n i ncrease in temperature also effects the r e l a t i v e volatility.[7] Therefore, the temperature conducted in this experiment must not exceed t h e boiling point of the acetone because it will increase the rate of volatility of acetone. Thus, itw i l l b e h a r d e r t o r e a d t h e level of meniscus on the sliding vernier scale s i n c e t h e s o l u t i o n i s volatile rapidly.The value obtain from the result might be different with the actual because there may b e s o m e e r r o r o c c u r d u r i n g t h e e x p e r i m e n t is done. The common error that always occurs isthe position of the eye during taking the volume at the burette. The eye position should bestraight to the scale and must be parallel to the meniscus. O t h e r t h a n t h a t , t h e e x p e r i m e n t should be repeated at

least 3 times to get the accurate values and this can reduce the mistakeduring the experiment is done CONCLUSION As a conclusion: 1. At temperature of 40C, the diffusivity of the vapour of acetone is 2.054 x 10 -7 m 2 /smeanwhile at temperature of 50C, the diffusivity of the vapour of acetone obtained is8.875 x 10 -7 m 2 /s.2 . F r o m t h e g r a p h s p l o t t e d , i t c a n b e c o n c l u d e t h a t f l o w i n g a i r s i g n i f i c a n t l y i n c r e a s e s t h e diffusion coefficient thus increasing the mass transfer. 3. Other than that, it can be concluded that the higher temperature affect the diffusivityof the vapour. Faster diffusion will take place if t h e s u r r o u n d i n g i s w a r m e r . I n c r e a s e in temperature means an increase in molecules speed (kinetic energy). Therefore, them o l e c u l e s m o v e f a s t e r a n d there will be more spontaneous s p r e a d i n g o f m a t e r i a l which means that diffusion occurs quicker.[3] Therefore, the higher the temperature,the higher the diffusivity of the vapour

RECOMMENDATION 1. To evaporate quickly the best way would be to pass air flow over the liquid, if want afluid to evaporate slowly would not pass air over. 2. The flow rate of flowing air must be constant throughout this experiment.3 . T h e l e v e l o f m e n i s c u s m u s t b e correctly observed on the microscope and also r e a d o n the vernier scale.4 . R e p e a t t h e e x p e r i m e n t twice for each set of temperature to get the a v e r a g e r e a d i n g f o r more accurate result.5 . C l e a n u p the apparatus before start the experiment.6.Make sure the microscope is in good condition before run the experiment.7.Changes the water bath when want to start a new set of temperature.8 . A l w a y s c h e c k s t h e a i r p u m p ( m a k e s u r e i t f u n c t i o n s a l l t h e t i m e d u r i n g t h e experiment)