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Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format used to represent documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. Each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed layout flat document, including the text, fonts, graphics, and other information needed to display it. !n "##", $dobe %ystems co founder &ohn 'arnoc( outlined a system called )*amelot) that e+ol+ed into PDF. 'hile $dobe %ystems made the PDF specification a+ailable free of charge in "##,, PDF remained a proprietary format, controlled by $dobe, until it was officially released as an open standard on &uly ", -../, and published by the !nternational 0rgani1ation for %tandardi1ation as !%0 ,-... "2-../. !n -../, $dobe published a Public Patent 3icense to !%0 ,-... " granting royalty free rights for all patents owned by $dobe that are necessary to ma(e, use, sell and distribute PDF compliant implementations. PDF was de+eloped in the early "##.s as a way to share documents, including text formatting and inline images, among computer users of disparate platforms who may not ha+e access to mutually compatible application software. !t was among a number of competing formats such as D45u (still de+eloping), En+oy, *ommon 6round Digital Paper, Farallon 7eplica and e+en $dobe8s own Post%cript format (.ps). !n those early years before the rise of the 'orld 'ide 'eb and 9T:3 documents, PDF was popular mainly in des(top publishing wor(flows. PDF8s adoption in the early days of the format8s history was slow. $dobe $crobat, $dobe8s suite for reading and creating PDF files, was not freely a+ailable; early +ersions of PDF had no support for external hyperlin(s, reducing its usefulness on the !nternet; the larger si1e of a PDF document compared to plain text re<uired longer download times o+er the slower modems common at the time; and rendering PDF files was slow on the less powerful machines of the day. From +ersion -.. onwards $dobe distributed its $crobat 7eader (now $dobe 7eader) program free of charge, and continued supporting the original PDF, which e+entually became the de facto standard for printable documents on the web=citation needed> (a standard web document). !n -../ $dobe %ystems8 PDF 7eference ".? became !%0 ,-...2"2-../. Thereafter, further de+elopment of PDF (including PDF -..) is conducted by !%08s T* "?" %* - '6 / with the participation of $dobe %ystems8 and other sub4ect matter experts. pdf.4s is an 9T:3@ technology experiment that explores building a faithful and efficient Portable Document Format (PDF) renderer without nati+e code assistance. pdf.4s is community dri+en and supported by :o1illa 3abs. 0ur goal is to create a general purpose, web standards based platform for parsing and rendering PDFs, and e+entually release a PDF reader extension powered by pdf.4s. !ntegration with Firefox is a possibility if the experiment pro+es successful.

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