INTRODUCTION Islam is the second largest religion after Christian since long time ago.

The follower of this religion around 1.8 billion around the world. Islam promote peace and good deed to all Muslim since 1400 years ago when Allah sent His last messenger. But unfortunately, after the incident of 9/11 2001 which is the World Trade Centre were attacked by terrorist group. Our group will discuss about the impact on Islam after the incident of 11th September 2001. Firstly, our group will discuss about War Against Terrorism by USA. Secondly, The Thesis by Samuel P. Huntington and that thesis name Clash of Civilization. Thirdly, the mutual understanding between Islam and Western World. Lastly, the increasing of Muslim population which is who convert to Islam in Western Countries.

1. WAR AGAINST TERRORISM AFTER SEPTEMBER 11 TRAGEDY Terrorism can take the form of direct or indirect means. Most predominantly, we see terrorism taken and utilized in the form of bombings, hijackings, suicide bombings, shootings, and assassinations. Many experts agree that though a true universally accepted definition for terrorism may still be elusive, it is a deliberate use of violence against civilians for political or religious ends. Besides this slight agreement, there still remains no universally accepted definition of terrorism; one that the world could unanimously agree upon and then subsequently enforce. The United States has proved that a definitive definition of terrorism is still somewhat elusive. State Department says it is the premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub national groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience. Besides that, Canada says that terrorist activity is an action within or outside Canada that is taken or threatened for political, religious or ideological purposes and threatens the public or national security by killing, seriously harming or

endangering a person, causing substantial property damage that is likely to seriously harm people, or by interfering with or disrupting an essential service, facility or system. Furthermore, Great Britain simply mentions terrorism is the use, or threat, of action which is violent, damaging or disrupting and is intended to influence the government or intimidate the public and is for the purpose of advancing a political, religious or ideological cause. In addition, The European Unions definition of terrorism is any "act of intimidation" committed by "an individual or a group" with the intention of "seriously altering ... political, economic or social structures" will be classified as a terrorist offense. Moreover, Israel defines terrorism as the intentional use of, or threat to use violence against civilians or against civilian targets, in order to attain political aims.

However, Islam has a very detailed definition of terrorism. As indicated in the previous statement Western Perspective, the definition of terrorism is always evolving. In such, the Islamic definition is as follows: An act carried out to achieve an inhuman and corrupt (mufsid) objective, and involving threat to security of any kind, and violation of rights acknowledged by religion and mankind. Clarity of the definition is presented as follows: Firstly, the term human is used instead of international. Secondly, the epithet corrupt (mufsid) is used to mean an attribute accompanying inhuman objectives, or the spreading of corruption and given as an imperative to avoid such objectives. Thirdly, the use of security of any kind refers to various types of terrorism. Fourthly, two criteria are given: religious and human, as part of belief and to generalize. Lastly is the fact that an operation may be viewed as violent does not constitute a condition for considering that act as a case of terrorism, as defined below: acts of natural resistance exercised against occupying forces, colonizers and/or usurpers, acts of resistance against groups or factions as imposed on them by force of arms, acts rejecting dictatorships and other forms of repressive government types and efforts to undermine their respective institutions, acts of resistance against racial discrimination and 2

attacks on the latter strongholds and acts of retaliation against any type of aggression, if there is no other alternative. Regarding the difference between jihad and terrorism are jihad is an Islamic term used to describe ones duty towards Islam. Terrorism on the other hand is the act of trying to instill feelings of terror in the general population by acts or deeds. Jihad as per Islam stands for struggle. This struggle can be to protect ones country, religion, family, or to save someon e elses life. Jihad can even be ones struggle to make himself a better human being. This has been called as the greater jihad by some. Terrorism, however, is never to protect. The sole purpose of terrorism is to cause enough harm, pain and agony for someone to make him feel insecure. The word Terrorism would normally be used when referring to systematic episodes of mass destruction or killings. It would not be normally used in petty crimes. It has nothing to do with religion as neither Islam nor any other religion in the world preaches destruction and killings. However, terrorism is often fueled by materialistic or territorial goals generally with no regard to religion whereas a jihad is the struggle in the path of god and has no other goal apart from this. Terrorism is always directed towards the killing of innocent civilians and may be by way of explosions, attacks, etc., while, jihad is not permitted against innocent. Both these terms are vastly misused. While politicians the world over have often discredit their political rivals by calling or classifying them as terrorists and their struggles as terrorism, terrorists on the other hand have always tried to justify their acts and deeds by calling and categorizing them as jihad, however, there is no reference in Islam or any other religion where jihad justifies the killing of innocent people or damage to property. In short, it is imperative to note that the majority of the Muslim population condemns acts of terrorism and many Islamic countries have helped the United States fight the war against terror. Even the media after noticing the many Muslims being harassed around the

country, who had nothing to do with the terrorist act, have recently made attempts to help spread an awareness of Islam and its teachings. Jihad has many forms but as discussed earlier none of its form deals with terrorism. In our opinion, Jihad is probably one of the most misunderstood words at this time. In order to understand Jihad it is vital for one to know the faces of Jihad. Through this subtopic, we will also explain about did Afghanistan and Iraqi war against terrorism is succesful or not ?. As we all know, post September 11 tragedy, Republican government under President George W. Bush has declared war on Islam, although many Western scholars regard war only focused on terrorist groups. But for us, The word "crusade" was used by US President George W. Bush first on the day of the September 11, 2001 more refers to his stance at that time to fight against Islam (Lawn. S, 2001). Post bombing tragedy in WTC and Pentagon and continuation statement from George W. Bush to declared war against terrorist, United State of America use this excuse as a license to attack Afghanistan in 2001 as a first reaction after September 11 tragedy and two years later Iraq also be a victims. At the present, after 12 years September 11 tragedy, one question began to arise. War against terrorism is successful or not achieving the objectives? Our group totally agreed, war against terrorism sponsored by United State of American is not successful to achevieng their objectives. One point of view why terrorist always become a big issue in international security and because the main reason the state leadership false itself when their (state) power weakens and non-state terrorist group will take opportunity to fill the vacuum for the purpose of threaten the state system itself (( Rosen. G, 2005, p. 49) The post Afghanistan and Iraqi war was controversial parts after United States invade this countries in 2001 and 2003. After the successful removal of Taliban government, the former Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein and successful reduce the influence of al Qaeda in the Middle East, arise an issue on the global war of terrorisms which questioned whether post

September 11 campaign war against terrorist was help fight terrorism or in the other way has increased terrorism. Although United Staes said they have done enormous damage to al Qaeda and the leadership of Al Qaeda and also captured and killed hundreds of their senior people including supreme leader of Al Qaeda which is Osama Bin Laden but indeed thought al Qaeda has been damaged, the organization is recovering. What was interesting here, after our group have go deeper in the case of war against terrorism in Afghanistan and Iraq. Why Al Qaeda which is the most dominon armed group in Middle East and still remains as a threat to the U.S allies. According to Friedment L.S, Al Qaeda is reaching out from it;s base in Pakistan to turn Militant Islamist groups in the Middle East and Africa into franchies charged with intensifying attacks of western targets. ( Friedment L.S, 2008, p. 25)

Besides that, Secretary of Defense during President George W. Bush era, Donald Rumsfeld mentioned that during and post Iraq War, the United States created or recruiting more terrorists than what they have killed. Moreover, according to a study conducted by Mother Jones Magazine, terrorism for both number of attacks and fatalities those attacks has increased worldwide since the invasion of Iraq in 2003. Globally there has been average of 607 % rise in the number of attacks and 237 % rise in the fatally. So, from this point what we all can conclude that, wars against terrorist have increased the rate of terrorism. In our point of view, regarding to the increased number of terrorism because the war in Afghanistan and Iraq has been seen as an unjust war in which thousands of innocent civilians have been killed. Indirectly, it has become a prime reason for terrorists why they should hate the United States and a certain Western countries who give fully support to United State in the name of war on terror. How can we evaluate the situation in the whole world especially in Islam and Western world after the fall of Taliban and Saddam regime in Afghanistan and Iraq as a result of the

lingering effects of the bombing of the WTC and Pentagon. ? Is it better or becoming worse with the intervention from the United States? It is undeniable truth that Afghanistan and Iraq are still remains unstable due to the resentment and related a insurgency, compounded by Sunni-Shiite-Kurdish violence that subsequently brought chaos and throughly has grown into civil war not only in Afghanistan and Iraq but also spread throughout the middle east region and to have an impact on development and regional security in Muslim countries around the world. In Middle East region, The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) which is a private humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland paint a dire picture to describe the situation especilally in Afghanistan and Iraq after the regime changed. Due to rampant chaos experienced by the country, the daily lives of the people are mostly affected. The people are afraid to leave their home because there are so many cases involving bombings, murders and kidnapping which subsequently have traumatized towards citizens and this worst situation have urge the members of the politicians and humanitarian organizations to intervene the situation. Now, after more than a decade post the September 11 tragedy, security issues in the western region often an issue This shows the western region was not spared from terrorist attacks. declared war against terrorists by United States and supported by Britain finally, will be blow to terrorists all over the world especially western countries. For an example, Britain transformed from a country that has the lowest ranking terrorist threat to the middle. Changes in risk has proven Blair made a mistake in his actions before taking the decision with United States to declared war against terrorists. Nowdays Britain is increasingly becoming a terrorist threat and at the moment, after New York, London is the main focus because of its role as a symbol of political sovereignty in Britain and as a warning to other western countries and to create unsafe situation and potentially threaten foreign investment to invest in the West.

2. HUNTINGTON MAIN THESIS Samuel P. Huntingtons wrote an article regarding the Clash of Civilizations? in Foreign Affairs of Summer 1993, three years after Bernard Lewiss Atlantic Monthly article about the clash in September 1990. Huntingtons clash of civilizations thesis offer a new paradigm of world politics. Huntington primarily focuses on cultural-religious civilization factors. He argues that his civilization conflict paradigm is superior to the alternative models that developed after the Cold War. Huntington claims that Islamic and Western civilizations more likely to be clashed because Islam is the only civilization that aspires universalist values and poses a significant challenge to the West.1 On the other hand, Huntington talks about an Islamic-Confucian connection against the Western civilization. In doing so, he recommends that the West should limit expansion of Islamic - Confucian states military and economic power and the West should exploit differences between the two civilizations. Huntington is highly concerned with deWesternization and non-Western modernization. He suggests that the West should control immigration and assimilate immigrants in order to preserve and reify civilization homogeneity. As he extensively concerns with the status of Western power and unity, Huntington also calls for improvement of Western unity so he recommends empowerment of the Atlantic partnership between the US and Europe.2 Huntington attributes NATO a civilization mission in order to realize civilization homogeneity of the West. Then, he recommends that Turkey and Greece should be out of NATO for the purpose of Wests civilization coherence. Huntington argues that the rest can hardly copy the West since the west is not universal but unique. For this reason, the West

Samuel P. Huntington, If Not Civilizations, What?: Paradigms of the Post -Cold War World, Foreign Affairs (November/December 1993), pp. 187-189. 2 M.E Ahrari, The Clash of Civilizations: An Old Story or New Truth?, New Perspectives Quarterly, Vol. 14, No.2 (Spring 1997), pp.56-61.

should not aspire universalism. Moreover, Huntington favors Americanization and denounces multiculturalism. He criticizes multiculturalism tendencies in the United States since it weakens the American creed.3 According to Huntington A multicivilizational United States will not be the US, it will be the UN. 4

Finally, Huntingtons clash thesis presented several policy recommendations. The advices are primarily related to American politics and US foreign policy. The recommendations are tightening immigration and assimilating immigrants and minorities (to increase the civilization coherence), instead multiculturalism pursuing policy of Americanization, maintaining Western technological and military superiority over other civilizations, enhancing the Western unity by means of pursuing Atlantics policy, limiting the expansion of Islamic - Confucian states military and economic power and exploiting differences between these states, avoiding universalist aspiration since the West is unique not universalist, and not to intervene in the affairs of other civilizations.5 In line with theory stated by Huntington, Karen Armstrong in that book Entitled Holy War: The Crusades and Their Impact on Todays World state that religion causes conflict between Islamic and Western World. For an example Israel vs. Palestinian conflict no longer can be translate as conflict between the two countries that take by certain local force, but this conflicts perhaps are the seizing between two religions that lies at a different State. According to Abul A'ala Maududi, a founder of Jamaat Islamy Pakistan discusses the concept of civilization. Maududi along with many other Islamic scholars have found religion capable of making a civilization. He mentions five elements which make the edifice of a civilization, which include: concept of religion, aim of life, fundamental beliefs and thoughts, man making
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James Kurth, The Real Clash, The National Interest, No. 37 (Fall 1994), pp. 3-15. Samuel P. Huntington, The West, Civilizations, and Civilization, in The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (New York: Simon & Shuster 1996) 5 Samuel P. Huntington, The Clash of Civilizations?, The West, Civilizati ons, and Civilization and , If Not Civilizations, What?: Paradigms of the Post -Cold War World

and collective System. According to him, every civilization depends on these five factors. The term also can be used in the less strict way, to mean same thing as culture. 6 Every society whether civilization or not has a set of modes and customs or in broader sense a culture that makes it unique. For many scholars like Oswald Spengler, Arnold Toynbee etc culture has a greater tendency of grouping all the contrasts of a large group, which assimilates them into a civilization. Spengler says that many civilizations are actually large cultural spheres containing many nations and regions. The civilization in which someone lives is that person's broadest cultural identity. Not surprisingly, Samuel P. Huntingtons thought-provoking and/or provocative the Clash of Civilizations essay has attracted voluminous attention in all over the world and it has resulted in a clash of scholarship.7 Critique On Huntington Thesis After the Clash of Civilizations was introduced by Samuel Huntington since 1993, this theory has sparked a lot of controversy and has attracted much attention of the western world neither Muslim countries. It is unleashed a fierce debate around the world and also provoking criticisms from many intellectual including Edward Said, Noam Chomsky, Amartya Sen, and Paul Berman. During 1998, President Hojat al-Islam wa al-Moslemeen Sayyed Mohammad Khatami, the President of the Islamic Republic of Iran advanced a concept of the dialogue among civilization at United Nations as alternative to Lewis-Huntington thesis. A close reading of human history would indicate that, notwithstanding formidable obstacles to constructive interaction among nations imposed by episodes and manifestations of intolerance and war, civilizations have always managed to benefit and thrive through communication and mutual enrichment, while preserving their individual identities. . . . Given
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the fundamental role of culture in shaping political and economic structures, the promotion of dialogue among different cultures, on the basis of tolerance and respect for diversity, would result in the reduction of tensions and contribute to international peace and security. While dialogue by itself would not guarantee the eradication of evils of war and bigotry, it does provide a reasonable and sound paradigm to approach the global problems likely to confront us in the 21st century (United Nations 1998).8 It is mean that in linking cultural diversity, intercultural interaction is very important to build among culture. Therefore, tolerance and respect for diversity are shown through diplomacy helps reduce tension and contribute to peace and security of many countries. Firstly, the critics of the Huntington thesis where his thesis are overstates the differences or the degree of conflict between the west and the Muslim world. Paul Berman also critics in his best-selling book Terror and Liberalism(2004), he said in what degree Americas policies and actions over the last few decades can bear out the idea of clashing civilizations9. In Bermans observation, many foreign interventions of United States were undertaken in defense of Muslim populations. Ronald Inglehart and Pippa Norris (2003) also argue that Huntington fails to recognize the degree to which Muslim public opinion favors democracy, one of Huntingtons distinguishing characteristics of Western society. For instance, from the World Values Survey, conducted in 70 countries in 199596 and 20002002, show that the West is not set apart from the Muslim world by its support for democratic government. What we can say here that most people in Islamic country accept the democracy concept.

Austin Dacey: Is there a Clash Of Civilizations, the Failure of the United Nations Responds Retrieve th from:http://www.centerforinquiry.net/uploads/attachments/IS_THERE_A_CLASH_OF_CIVILIZATIONS.pdf on 4 April 2013. 9 Austin Dacey: Is there a Clash Of Civilizations, the Failure of the United Nations Responds Retrieve th from:http://www.centerforinquiry.net/uploads/attachments/IS_THERE_A_CLASH_OF_CIVILIZATIONS.pdf on 4 April 2013.

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Next, Huntington theory also get a responds from Muslim world especially al-Qaeda network. Its not surprising where Huntingtons book is the best seller in middle east. The alQaeda network's militants adore Huntington, for he brings grist to their mill: the two civilizations are incompatible. Huntington's work, in fact, is the top reference for all Islamist militants, thrilled by the cultural rift that gives credence to their confrontational ideology.10 Olivier Roy had shows that the clash of civilizations has become a convenient form of discourse on both sides of the conflict: Huntington is regularly accused of having introduced the concept of the clash of civilizations But this approach is also shared by fundamentalists and conservative Muslims.11

In sum, this theory get so many respond whether positive nor negative. Secular voices deserve to be heard, and are essential to contemporary debates over religion and politics. In our opinion there is a clash however, it is not a clash of civilizations, but a clash of values, a clash between broadly liberal moral-political ideals and practices, and their alternatives.

3. DEVELOPING MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING & COOPERATION BETWEEN ISLAM AND THE WEST As we know, the media (especially Western media) since 11th September 2001 give a wrong perception about Islam and Muslim. Normally, those media will say a bad thing about Islam. For example, Islam is the terrorist religion, Islam promote violence and killing nonbeliever. Accordingly, it is important to develop mutual understanding and cooperation between Islam and Western countries. There are several effort are arranged since 11th September 2001 incident was happened.

10

Ibid., 133. Olivier Roy, Globalised Islam: The Search For A New Ummah (London: Hurst & Company, 2004), 9.
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Explain the Islamic teaching

September 11 tragedy gives a negative impact to the Muslim world. Muslim people had been accused as terrorist. As a result, Western people tend to give a negative view towards Muslim people. Because of that, there must be a solution for develop a mutual understanding between Islam and West world. I think the best way to make a mutual understanding is to clarify the matters that are we must explain the true teachings of Islam. The scholars (ulema) and leaders play an important role of the world to tell them that Islam teaches its followers to wage war, violence and even hostile. As a Muslims, we should show to the Western world that what they think about Islam is not true. They can use mass media to convey the messages, for example, messages in the form of drama or film, religious talk and documentary. For example; in Malaysia, we have a good religious talk such as Forum Perdana Hal Ehwal Islam, Tanyalah Ustaz, 30 minit bersama Ustaz Don and more. In Egypt they has a documentary Law Kaana Bainana means if the Prophet still with us. The show is about to spread the love of the Prophet and spread the prophet attitude in order to persuade people to follow the good manners in their life. Besides that, publication media also useful to spread the news and publish books that can give enlightens the issues about Islam. The writers should concern to the religious issues and knowledgeable about the field of religion. By doing so, not only Muslim but also nonMuslim can be able to understand more about Islam and the teachings. In addition, it can avoid slander and false news also gives right information about Muslim people and Islam especially. On top of that, Muslims is the important role player to fix these matters. Practising the real Islam teaching, with follow ahlul sunnah wal jamaah perhaps will show them that Islam is the true and tolerance religion.

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Develop Mutual Cooperation Mutual suspicion, fear and misunderstanding between Islamic and Western societies

have been increasing since the beginning of the new millennium. The heightened instability of coexistence between these groups of people with divergent backgrounds has led to exploitation by extremists throughout the world to the severest form of this being violent acts of terrorism. It has been the opinion of many political leaders that efforts should be made to reach a common ground between diverse ethnic and religious groups based on tolerance, understanding, and respect of the fundamental set of values and beliefs of each group. In this way, and by the attempt to quell "extremism", a comprehensive coalition can be established to work toward a peaceful coexistence between diverse groups around the world, and thereby support international stability. There is the solution for developing mutual understanding between Islam and the West in order to develop mutual cooperation is from the aspect of dialog of civilization between them. First of all, a political matter of concern is the crisis scenario that Samuel Huntington described as a "clash of civilizations" is by no means inevitable. Following from intercultural ignorance, indifference and mutual misunderstandings, however, it could become a reality. What is therefore required is a united effort in the area of intercultural conflict prevention. Furthermore, between normative demands and reality: structural conditions for dialogue for Intercultural dialogue is a complicated business. It is not only burdened by the kind of reservations, stereotypes and historical experiences out of which mutual mistrust often grows. Perhaps even more difficult than these are the numerous structural asymmetries which, despite the best intentions of the participants, cannot easily be removed and which may endanger the objectives of the dialogue in general. It is therefore necessary to reflect and discuss the normative and structural conditions of dialogue.

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Although there seemed to be a broad consensus about the normative preconditions of dialogue, a longer controversy developed as to whether intercultural dialogue makes sense given the economic and political inequality between the West and most of the Islamic countries. For instance, the debate was set in motion by lsmail bin Haji Ibrahim, Director General of the Institute of Islamic Understanding in Kuala Lumpur, who, with reference to the current financial crisis in South-East Asia, complained about the one-sided dependency of Islamic countries on the over mighty West. He insisted that it was not possible to enter into a serious intercultural dialogue before the problem of economic inequality and dependency had been discussed. Other speakers also repeatedly referred to tile enormous economic and political inequalities in power between Western and Islamic countries and how they burden and endanger the dialogue, or even make it impossible. Moreover, exposing and overcoming stereotypes One of the main concerns of the conference consisted in overcoming prejudice, stereotypes and images of the enemy which, if they remain unresolved, could lead to a "clash of civilizations. For example, Mohammed Arkoun diagnosed one important cause of the problem as being the lack of sophisticated cultural studies. The mutual enrichment of the monotheistic religions in the Middle Ages, he said, has almost been completely forgotten and plays no real part in either academic debate or in general public consciousness today. In this context Thierry Fabre expressed a wish to overcome the one-sided apportioning of blame. In his view, not only is the contribution that Islam made to the development of European philosophy being ignored but on the Muslim side the influence of Greek philosophy on Islamic thinking has likewise often been denied. Maribel Fierro argued from a somewhat different standpoint. Without denying the importance of tile cultural studies in general, she warned that the impact of academic studies as a medium for political reconciliation should not be exaggerated. An example she cited the myth of "al-Andalus", currently popular in Spain,

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which has not prevented Spanish Christians and Muslims from viewing each other with a great deal of suspicion, since they fail to identify each others with the glorified era of Christian-Jewish-Islamic coexistence. (http://www.cie.ugent.be/bielefeldt9.htm) In other that, the role of the media was the importance of the media is often mentioned at intercultural conferences. Comments often remain very generalised, however. The major influence that is ascribed to the media frequently turns into a general chiding of journalism or even a demonisation of the mass media, i.e. attacks which in turn can nourish the temptation to adopt authoritarian solutions. It is one of the merits of the Berlin Conference that it has specifically made the role of the media one of its central themes in order to gain a more differentiated estimation of the possibilities and limits of journalistic work within intercultural dialogue. Islam and West Conference Islam, like any religion, is facing challenges to evolve and adjust to modernity and in particular to the economic and cultural power of a dominant West. The terrorist attacks of September 11, the wars on Iraq and Afghanistan, and the interminable conflict between Israelis and Palestinians are merely the highest profile examples of a global state of affairs whose ramifications extend to even the very local and regional levels. One may point to the rising Islamophobic sentiment in other parts of the world which finds expression in such senseless acts as the burning of copies of the Quran to express hatred towards Islam. Today, many of dialogue held around five issue areas such as international politics, citizenship and integration, religion, ethics and ideology, education and intercultural understanding, economic and social development to develop mutual understanding between Islam and West. According to the Chandra Muzzafar, President of International Movement for a Just World and Professor at the Center for Civilizational Dialogue at the University of Malaysia in

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Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, there are both historical and contemporary factors which would explain this misconception of Islam within certain circles in the West. He said that fact has stated that Islam occupied parts of Europe, which had never happened to European civilization before that. Then, he also said that colonialism, which affected both sides and created a situation where the antagonism became even more serious. Muslim-West dialogue is critical in todays world. Terrorism and antiterrorism efforts, the US occupation and sectarian violence in Iraq, the enduring Israeli-Palestinian conflict, European Union efforts to integrate a growing Muslim minority, and the prospects for democracy in the Middle East these and other issues involve complex strategic, political and economic calculations. At the same time, such issues demonstrate the importance of dialogue together with greater understanding, mutual respect, and sustained cooperation in the service of peace. Karen Armstrong has said that there is no point in dialogue if we are not prepared to change our minds, alter our preconceptions and transcend an orthodoxy that we have long ceased to examine critically. The World Economic Forum represents a diverse constituency, including leaders from government, business, media, education, religious communities, and civil society. Each has the responsibility and the opportunity to contribute to deepening dialogue between the West and the Muslim world. So, it has an important role to improve and develop mutual understanding between West and Islam.

4. THE INCREASING OF MUSLIM POPULATION AFTER 11th SEPTEMBER 2001 After the incident of 11th September, nearly all Western societies blame Muslims for the death of thousands of people. However, despite the negative views, they also know about the existence of Islam and try to learn about in deeply.

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For the population of Muslim in Western countries in Europe, Muslim is considered as the most fast growing religion. This is due to the immigration and average birth rate in that country. The immigrants are mostly come from areas such as North Africa, Turkey and South Asia. It is difficult to announce the exact number of the population. Most of the countries are refuse to give some information. From 1990 to 2010, the numbers of Muslim populations are steadily increases to 17 million. Muslims population is predicted to increase to 58 million by 2030 and expected to make up 8% of Europes populations. We stated several countries in Europe that have the Muslims populations such as Albania, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherland and Turkey. Furthermore, the other effect after the attack is the demand of Arabic language as the foreign language is greater. This is one of the positive effect after the attack. Since 2001, Americas interest in Islamic culture has developed. The Koran has become one of the bestselling books and the demand for Arabic language lessons is unprecedented. Comparatively few Westerners ever venture to learn Arabic. There is an extreme shortage of workers in the West who are versed in Arabic language and culture. Those who study Arabic can find careers in a variety of fields such as journalism, business and industry, education, finance and banking, translation and interpretation, consulting, foreign service and intelligence and so on. Besides that, enrollment in Arabic language courses and Middle Eastern studies has roared globally in an effort to understand the Muslim world. In conclusion, beside the population of Muslim people in the world increase, the demand of Arabic language also greater. More and more people become Muslim and at the same time the intellectual group like engineer, teacher, lecturer, scientist and other profesional become Muslim finally after studies about Islam.

COUNCLUSION

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As conclusion this studies, Islam become the most popular religion since the incident of 11th September 2001. A lot of people become anti-Islam and have so many misunderstanding about Islam happen around the world especially Western countries like USA and European countries. These incident give bad image of Islam and the term Islamofobia start taking place among the Non-Muslim communities. However, in another angle, the profesional and intellectual group start studies about Islam like read translation of Quran, the history of prophet Muhammad s.a.w, and learn Arabic language. Finally, many of them become Muslim and become preacher to explain about Islam to Non-Muslim communities. This situation never happen until 11th September 2001 incident .

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