Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CVA is the medical term for what is commonly termed as stroke. It occurs when the blood
supply to a part of the brain is suddenly interrupted by occlusion (called an ischemic stroke --
approximately 90% of strokes), by hemorrhage (called a hemorrhagic stroke -- about 10% of
strokes) or other causes. Ischemia is a reduction of blood flow most commonly due to occlusion
(an obstruction). On the other hand, hemorrhagic stroke (or intracranial hemorrhage), occurs
when a blood vessel in the brain bursts, spilling blood into the spaces surrounding the brain cells
or when a cerebral aneurysm ruptures.
Ang CerebroVascular Accident mao kini ang ginatawag nga Stroke. Mahitabo kini kung ang
dugo nga nagdagan padung sa utok muhinay tungod kay adunay nakababag (iskemic stroke) o
mubuto ang ugat sa utok (hemorrhagic stroke).
Pathophysiology
Neurons and glia die when they no longer receive oxygen and nutrients from the blood or when
they are damaged by sudden bleeding into or around the brain. These damaged cells can linger in
a compromised state for several hours. With timely treatment, these cells can be saved.
Intriguingly, when the brain cells suffer the ischemia, they begin to fill up with free zinc ions
which are released from some of their proteins, especially metallothionein, which can release 7
zinc ions per molecule. This released zinc is a major player in the ensuing death of the brain
cells. Drugs that buffer the zinc and reduce the level of free zinc are already being tested to
reduce brain cell death after stroke.
Kung adunay nakababag sa atong kaugatan o mubuto ang ugat mismo, muhinay o maputol
ang pagdagan sa dugo padung sa utok unya ang cells sa utok wala nay oxygen ug nutrisyun
busa kini mamatay. Usa sad ka hinungdan nga mamatay ang cells sa utok kay ang atong
ginatawag na zinc ions nga mopuno sa cell na makapadali sa kamatayon sa cells sa utok.
Risk Factors
Predisposing Factors
Precipitating Factors
Diet high in cholesterol – producing or fatty foods(Ang sobrang pagkaon sa mga tambok
nga pagkaon)
Smoking (Panigarilyo)
Oral Contraceptives or Pills
Consuming too much alcohol(Sobrang paginom sa alcohol na imnunon)
Using cocaine or amphetamines(Ang pagdruga sama sa cocaine or shabu)
Sedentary lifestyle(Ang kakulangan sa exercise)
Obesity(Sobrang tambok sa lawas)
Treatments
Medical monitoring and support including oxygen and possibly intubation to ensure an
adequate airway and to facilitate the patient’s breathing. ( Pagmonitor, o pagsupporta ug
oxygen og posible ang pagbutang sa tubo aron may kununay nga hangin.)
Providing fluids that the person may not be able to take by mouth due to swallowing
difficulties, tube feedings may be necessary until the ability to swallow returns.
(Paghatag ug tubig, kung dili makatulon, mahimo butangan ug tubo diretso sa tungol)
Treatments include drugs such as antiplatelet drugs, anticoagulants, drugs to break up
clots, drugs to control high blood pressure corticosteroids. (Mga tambal sa pagpalapsaw
sa dugo ug paubos sa pressure sa dugo ug corticosteroids)
Surgery to remove blood that has accumulated.( Pagopera para makuha ang mitibug-ol
nga dugo na nakababag sa pagdagan sa dugo)
Control intracranial pressure through intravenous urea or mannitol.( Pagkuntrol sa
pressure sa utok pinaagi sa urea nga iapil sa dextrose or mannitol)
Intensive rehabilitation can help many people overcome disabilities after a stroke.( Ang
pagtabang ug balik sa paglihok mahuman ang stroke pinaagi sa rehabilitasyon sa mga
Physical Therapist)
Preventions
Managing the major risk factors like High blood pressure and diabetes should be
controlled. (Ang pagmaneho sa kinabuhi ngadto sa maayo aron makuntrol ang diabetes
o taas nga pressure sa dugo nga maoy hinungdan sa uban stroke)
Cholesterol levels should be measured and, if high, lowered to reduce the risk of
atherosclerosis. (Kanunay nga pagsukod sa cholesterol nga maoy usa ka hinungdan sa
stroke)
Smoking and use of amphetamines or cocaine should be stopped.(Ang panigarilyo ug
ang pagdruga kinahanglan mahunong)
Alcohol should be limited to no more than 2 drinks a day. (Ang paginom sa mga
alcoholic na ilimnunon limitahan hangtod sa duha ka lad-ok lamang sa usa ka adlaw)
Exercising regularly and, if overweight, losing weight help people control high blood
pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol levels. (Ang pagehersisyo kada adlaw, ug kung
tambok man, ang pagpaniwang aron makuntrol ang taas na pressure sa dugo ug taas na
cholesterol)
Having regular checkups enables a doctor to identify risk factors for stroke so that they
can be managed quickly. (Ang kanunay na pagpa check –up aron masabtan dayon sa
duktor ang kahimtang ug maabtan dayon nga dili na mugrabe)
STROKE
Cerebrovascular Accident
(A Health Teaching Plan)
Submitted To:
Ms. Kristy Nillet Pongos R.N.
Submitted By:
Ana Marie Busa
Evelyn Nodalo