You are on page 1of 4

THE CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG Department of Mathematics Math4010 Functional analysis Assignment 1 Suggested solution *Please email

to the tutor if there are mistakes

P.8 3

3 Obviously d(x,y) is real valued ,non negative x, y R . And d(x,y)=0 |x y | = 0 |x y | = 0 x = y . x, y, z R, ( |x z | + |y z |)2 = |x z | + |y z | + 2 |x z | |y z |

|x z | + |y z | |x y |, by triangular inequality of absolute values, we have |x z | + |y z | |x y | . So d(x,y) denes a metric on R . In

fact , we have shown more , if (X,d) is a metric space , then (X,D) is also metric space , D(x,y)= d(x, y ) .

P.16 4 , 5 , 8

4 x1 = 0, xn = . Show that x / lp , p [1, +). Fix p [1, +) , By L.Hospital Rule . limx


x (ln x)p x p(ln x)p1 x p(p1)(ln x)p2 x p(p1)(p2)...1 1 ln n

is a suitable sequence . Obviously , xn tends to 0 as n tends to

= limx = limx = limx = limx

= ... = + , if p is a positive integer. = + , if p is not a positive integer and p

x p(p1)(p2)...(pm+1)(ln x)pm

[m-1,m) , m is some integer . So natural number N depend on p s.t n N ,


1 n=N n 1 (ln n)p

1 n

so

1 n=N (ln n)p

= , we have x / lp , p [1, +)

5 xn =
1 n

is a suitable sequences .

8 We assume X has at least 2 elements a, b X. Let A be the set containing a only , B be the set containing both a and b , obviously A = B 0 D(A, B ) d(a, a) = 0 , so D(A,B)=0 with A = B , D is not a metric .

P.24 3, 14

3 it suces to nd d(x,y) . |sin(t) cos(t)|= 2|cos( )sin(t) sin( )cos(t)| 4 4 = 2|sin(t )| 2 , with equality hold when t= 34 , 4 so we have d(x,y)= maxt[0,2] |x y | = 2.

14 By theorem 1.3-4 T is continuous on X i the pre-image of every open set in Y is open X . ), closed set M in Y , Mc is open in Y ,we have T (M c ) is open , So T (M c ) = (T (M ))c is open and T (M ) = ((T (M ))c )c is closed . ) let V be open in Y ,V c is closed ,so T (V c ) is closed . T (V ) = ((T (V ))c )c = (T (V c ))c is open .

P.40 8, 9

8 We assume the completeness of C [a, b] which will be proved in Q.9. By Theorem 1.4-7, it suces to show that Y is closed. Suppose xn in Y converges to y in C [a, b], then y (a) = lim xn (a) = lim xn (b) = y (b).
n n

So y is in Y and Y is closed.

9 Suppose fn is sequence in C [a, b] which converges uniformly to f over [a, b]. Fix x [a, b], > 0, N s.t n N sup |fn (t) f (t)| . 3 t[a,b]

By the continuity of fN at x, > 0 s.t. y [a, b] and |x y | < , |fN (x) fN (y )| < and 3 |f (x) f (y )| |fN (x) f (x)| + |fN (x) fN (y )| + |fN (y ) f (y )| + + = . 3 3 3

Hence f is continuous on [a, b].

P.46 6

6 xa ),x [a,b] is a suitable mapping , it is well ba dened as composition of continuous functions is continuous . T:C[0,1]C[a,b] , T (f )(x) = f ( T is injective , as T(f)=T(g) T (f )(x) = T (g )(x), x [a, b]. 3

xa xa ) = g( ), x [a, b]. ba ba xa f (y ) = g (y ), y [0,1] , as x is a bijective mapping from [a,b] to [0,1] . ba T is surjective , given g C[a,b] , f(y):=g(a+(b-a)y) y [0,1] , obviously f f(
a C[0,1] , and T(f)(x)=g(a+(b-a) x )=g(x) ba

T preserves metric , d(T(f),T(h))=maxx[a,b] |T (f )(x) T (h)(x)| xa xa ) h( )| = maxx[a,b] |f ( ba ba = maxy[0,1] |f (y ) h(y )| = d(f, h) .

You might also like