dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 1

This print-out should have 18 questions.

Multiple-choice questions may continue on
the next column or page nd all choices
before answering.
001 10.0 points
Use properties of integrals to determine the
value of
I =
_
5
0
f(x) dx
when
_
7
0
f(x) dx = 11,
_
7
5
f(x) dx = 6 .
1. I = 8
2. I = 6
3. I = 7
4. I = 4
5. I = 5 correct
Explanation:
Since
_
7
0
f(x) dx =
_
5
0
f(x) dx +
_
7
5
f(x) dx ,
we see that
I = 11 6 = 5 .
keywords: denite integral, conceptual, prop-
erties of integrals,
002 10.0 points
If f and g are continuous functions such
that f(x) 0 for all x, which of the following
must be true?
I.
_
b
a
f(x) g(x) dx
=
_
_
b
a
f(x) dx
__
_
b
a
g(x) dx
_
II.
_
b
a
_
f (x) + g(x)
_
dx
=
_
b
a
f(x) dx +
_
b
a
g(x) dx
III.
_
b
a
_
f(x) dx =

_
b
a
f(x) dx
1. I and II only
2. II and III only
3. II only correct
4. I only
5. III only
Explanation:
Property II is a special case of the linearity
property of integrals, i.e. integral of the sum
= sum of the integrals.
But there is no product rule or square root
rule for integrals. For example, we know that
_
2
0
f(x) dx = 2
when f(x) = 1, because the value of the inte-
gral is the area of a rectangle of height 1 and
base length 2. So when f(x) = g(x) = 1 in I,
_
2
0
f(x)g(x) dx =
_
2
0
1 dx = 2 ,
while
_
_
2
0
f(x) dx
__
_
2
0
g(x) dx
_
= 2 2 = 4 .
On the other hand, in III,
_
2
0
_
f(x) dx =
_
2
0
1 dx = 2 ,
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 2
while

_
2
0
f(x) dx =

_
2
0
1 dx =

2 .
Consequently,
only II is true .
003 10.0 points
If the graph of f is
which one of the following contains only
graphs of anti-derivatives of f?
1. correct
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Explanation:
If F
1
and F
2
are anti-derivatives of f then
F
1
(x) F
2
(x) = constant
independently of x; this means that for any
two anti-derivatives of f the graph of one
is just a vertical translation of the graph of
the other. But no horizontal translation of
the graph of an anti-derivative of f will be
the graph of an anti-derivative of f, nor can
a horizontal and vertical translation be the
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 3
graph of an anti-derivative. This rules out
two sets of graphs.
Now in each of the the remaining four g-
ures the dotted and dashed graphs consist of
vertical translations of the graph whose line-
style is a continuous line. To decide which of
these gures consists of anti-derivatives of f,
therefore, we have to look more carefully at
the actual graphs. But calculus ensures that
(i) an anti-derivative of f will have a local
extremum at the x-intercepts of f.
This eliminates two more gures since they
contains graphs whose local extrema occur at
points other than the x-intercepts of f.
(ii) An anti-derivative of f is increasing on
interval where the graph of f lies above the
x-axis, and decreasing where the graph of
f lies below the x-axis.
Consequently, of the two remaining gures
only
consists entirely of graphs of anti-derivatives
of f.
keywords: antiderivative, graphical, graph,
geometric interpretation
004 10.0 points
A function h has graph
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-6
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
2 4 2
2
4
on (3, 4). If
f(x) =
_
x
2
h(t) dt, (x 2),
which of the following is the graph of f on
(3, 4)?
1.
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
2 4 2
2
2
2.
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
2 4 2
2
2
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 4
3.
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
2 4 2
2
2
4.
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
2 4 2
2
2
5.
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
2 4 2
2
2
6.
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
4
2 4 2
2
2
correct
Explanation:
Since f(x) is dened only for x 2, there
will be no graph of f on the interval (3, 2).
This already eliminates two of the possible
graphs. On the other hand,
f(2) =
_
2
2
h(x) dx = 0 ,
eliminating two more graphs. Finally, by the
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, f

(x) =
h(x) on (2, 4), so f(x) will be increasing on
any interval on which h > 0, and decreasing
on any interval on which h < 0. To determine
which of the remaining two possible graphs is
the graph of f we thus have to look at the sign
of h on an interval and the slope of a possible
graph of f on that interval. Consequently, the
only possible graph of f is
-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
2 4 2
2
2
005 10.0 points
Find the value of
lim
x4
ln(x
2
15)
3x 12
.
1. limit =
10
3
2. limit does not exist
3. limit =
8
3
correct
4. limit =
2
3
5. limit =
4
3
6. limit = 3
Explanation:
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 5
The limit in question is of the form
lim
x 4
f(x)
g(x)
where f, g are dierentiable functions and
lim
x 4
f(x) = 0, lim
x 4
g(x) = 0.
LHospitals Rule can thus be applied:
lim
x 4
f(x)
g(x)
= lim
x4
f

(x)
g

(x)
.
Now
f

(x) =
2x
x
2
15
, g

(x) = 3.
In this case, therefore,
lim
x4
ln(x
2
15)
3x 12
=
8
3
.
006 10.0 points
The shaded region in
x
y
is enclosed by the graphs of
f(y) = y
2
, g(y) = 2 + y .
Find the area of this shaded region.
1. area =
25
6
sq. units
2. area =
7
2
sq. units
3. area =
9
2
sq. units correct
4. area =
23
6
sq. units
5. area =
19
6
sq. units
Explanation:
The area of the enclosed region is given by
the integral
I =
_
b
a
{g(y) f(y)} dy
where a, b are the y-coordinates of the points
of intersection of the two graphs. Now a, b
are the solutions of the equation f(y) = g(y),
i.e.,
f(y) g(y) = y
2
y 2
= (y + 1)(y 2) = 0 .
Thus
I =
_
2
1
_
2 + y y
2
_
dy
=
_
2y +
1
2
y
2

1
3
y
3
_
2
1
.
Consequently,
area =
9
2
sq. units .
007 10.0 points
The shaded region in
x
y
is bounded by the x-axis and the graphs of
f(x) =
3 lnx
x
, x = e ,
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 6
(not drawn to scale). Find the area of this
region.
1. area =
3
2
sq. units correct
2. area =
1
2
sq. units
3. area = 1 sq. units
4. area =
5
2
sq. units
5. area = 2 sq. units
Explanation:
The graph of
f(x) =
3 lnx
x
crosses the x-axis when ln x = 0, i.e., when
x = 1. Thus the shaded region is the set of
points
_
(x, y) : 0 y
3 lnx
x
, 1 x e
_
,
and so has
area =
_
e
1
3 lnx
x
dx .
To evaluate the integral, set u = ln x. Then
du =
1
x
dx ,
while
x = 1 = u = 0,
x = e = u = 1 .
In this case,
_
e
1
3 lnx
x
dx =
_
1
0
3udu.
Consequently, the shaded region has
area =
_
3
2
u
2
_
1
0
=
3
2
sq. units .
keywords:
008 10.0 points
Find the volume, V , of the solid obtained
by rotating the region bounded by
y =
1
x
, x = 2, x = 4, y = 0
about the x-axis.
1. V =
1
8
2. V =
1
8

3. V =
1
4
4. V =
1
16
5. V =
1
16

6. V =
1
4
correct
Explanation:
The volume of the solid of revolution ob-
tained by rotating the graph of y = f(x) on
[a, b] about the x-axis is given by
volume =
_
b
a
f(x)
2
dx .
When
f(x) =
1
x
, a = 2, b = 4 ,
therefore,
V =
_
4
2
1
x
2
dx .
Consequently,
V =
_

1
x
_
4
2
=
1
4
.
009 10.0 points
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 7
The shaded region in
y
x
is bounded by the graphs of
y =

x + 3 , y = 3 , x = 1 ,
(not drawn to scale). Find the volume of the
solid obtained by rotating this shaded region
about the dotted line y = 2.
1. volume =
13
6
cu. units
2. volume =
7
3
cu. units
3. volume =
5
3
cu. units
4. volume =
11
6
cu. units correct
5. volume = 2 cu. units
Explanation:
When a region
_
(x, y) : g(x) y f(x) , a x b
_
is rotated about a line y = c to form a hollow
solid of revolution, then the volume of this
solid is given by the integral

_
b
a
{(f(x) c)
2
(g(x) c)
2
} dx .
In the gure above,
f(x) =

x + 3 , g(x) = 3 , c = 2 ,
where 0 x 1. Thus the solid has volume

_
1
0
_
(

x + 1)
2
1
_
dx
=
_
1
0
_
x + 2

x
_
dx .
Consequently,
volume =
_
1
2
x
2
+
4
3
x
3/2
_
1
0
=
11
6
.
keywords: denite integral, volume of revolu-
tion, hollow solid, square root function,
010 10.0 points
Evaluate the denite integral
I =
_
5
0
(|x 3| x) dx .
1. I = 7
2. I = 7
3. I = 5
4. I = 6 correct
5. I = 5
6. I = 6
Explanation:
Since
|x 3| =
_
3 x, x < 3,
x 3, x 3,
it follows that
|x 3| x =
_
3 2x, x < 3,
3, x 3.
Thus we split the integral I into two parts
I =
_
3
0
(3 2x) dx
_
5
3
3 dx = I
1
I
2
.
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 8
Then
I
1
=
_
3x x
2
_
3
0
= 0.
Similarly,
I
2
=
_
3x
_
5
3
= 6.
Consequently,
I = 6 .
011 10.0 points
Evaluate the denite integral
I =
_
9
1
3

x(

x + 1)
2
dx .
1. I =
3
2
correct
2. I =
9
8
3. I =
13
8
4. I =
11
8
5. I =
5
4
Explanation:
Set u
2
= x. Then 2udu = dx, while
x = 1 = u = 1
x = 9 = u = 3 .
In this case,
I = 6
_
3
1
1
(u + 1)
2
du = 6
_

1
u + 1
_
3
1
.
Thus
I = 6
_
1
4

1
2
_
=
3
2
.
012 10.0 points
Evaluate the integral
I =
_
/4
0
(7 sec
2
4 sin) d.
1. I = 3
7

2
2. I = 11
4

2
3. I = 3 +
7

2
4. I = 11 +
4

2
5. I = 3 +
4

2
correct
Explanation:
By the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus,
I =
_
7 tan + 4 cos
_
/4
0
=
_
7 +
4

2
_
4 = 3 +
4

2
.
keywords: integral, FTC, trig function
013 10.0 points
Evaluate the integral
I =
_
8
e
ln x
x
2
dx .
1. I =
8
e

1
2
_
ln 8 1
_
2. I =
2
e

1
8
_
ln 8 + 1
_
correct
3. I =
2
e

1
8
_
ln 8 1
_
4. I =
8
e

1
2
_
ln 8 + 1
_
5. I =
2
e
+
1
8
_
ln 8 + 1
_
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 9
6. I =
8
e
+
1
2
_
ln8 + 1
_
Explanation:
After integration by parts,
I =
_
1
x
ln x
_
8
e
+
_
8
e
1
x
2
dx .
Thus
I =
_
1
x
ln x +
1
x
_
8
e
.
Consequently,
I =
2
e

1
8
_
ln 8 + 1
_
.
014 10.0 points
Evaluate the integral
I =
_
/6
0
cos x
5 + 2 sin x
dx .
1. I = ln
_
6
5
_
2. I =
1
2
ln
_
12
5
_
3. I = ln
_
12
5
_
4. I =
1
4
ln
_
12
5
_
5. I =
1
4
ln
_
6
5
_
6. I =
1
2
ln
_
6
5
_
correct
Explanation:
Since the integrand is of the form
cos xf(sinx) , f(sinx) =
1
5 + 2 sin x
,
this suggests that the substitution
u = 5 + 2 sinx ,
(or u = sin x would do just as well). For then
du = 2 cos x dx
while
x = 0 = u = 5,
x =

6
= u = 6 .
In this case,
I =
1
2
_
6
5
1
u
du =
1
2
_
ln u
_
6
5
.
Consequently,
I =
1
2
ln
_
6
5
_
.
keywords:
015 10.0 points
Evaluate the denite integral
I =
_
1
0
(e
x
2e
x
)
2
dx .
1. I = e
2
+ 4 + 2e
2
2. I =
1
2
e
2

5
2
+ 2e
2
3. I = e
2
+ 1 + 2e
2
4. I = e
2
1 2e
2
5. I =
1
2
e
2

5
2
2e
2
correct
6. I =
1
2
e
2
+ 4 2e
2
Explanation:
After expansion
(e
x
2e
x
)
2
= e
2x
4 + 4e
2x
,
in which case
I =
_
1
0
_
e
2x
4 + 4e
2x
_
dx
=
_
1
2
e
2x
4x 2e
2x
_
1
0
.
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 10
Consequently,
I =
1
2
e
2

5
2
2e
2
.
016 10.0 points
Determine the integral
I =
_
2
0
4
4 + x
2
dx .
1. I =
1
4

2. I =
3
8

3. I =
1
2
correct
4. I =
3
4

5. I =
5
8

Explanation:
Since
d
dx
tan
1
x =
1
1 + x
2
,
the substitution x = 2u is suggested. For then
dx = 2 du,
while
x = 0 = u = 0,
x = 2 = u = 1 .
Thus
I = 2
_
1
0
1
1 + u
2
du.
Consequently.
I =
_
2 tan
1
u
_
1
0
=
1
2
.
keywords:
017 10.0 points
Evaluate the integral
I =
_
1
0
x (2x
2
1)
4
dx .
1. I =
1
20
2. I =
1
10
correct
3. I = 0
4. I =
1
5
5. I =
1
10
6. I =
1
20
7. I =
1
5
Explanation:
Set u = 2x
2
1. Then du = 4x dx while
x = 0 = u = 1 ,
x = 1 = u = 1 .
In this case,
I =
1
4
_
1
1
u
4
du.
Consequently,
I =
1
4
_
1
5
u
5
_
1
1
=
1
10
.
018 10.0 points
A car heads north from Austin on IH 35. Its
velocity t hours after leaving Austin is given
in miles per hour by
v(t) = 12 +
10
3
t t
2
.
Determine how many hours will elapse before
the car is next in Austin.
1. 10 hours later
dang (ahd295) Makeup Exam 1 sachse (56620) 11
2. 11 hours later
3. 8 hours later
4. 9 hours later correct
5. car never returns to Austin
Explanation:
Since the car leaves Austin at time t = 0,
the position of the car t hours later is the
anti-derivative
s(t) =
_
(12 +
10
3
t t
2
) dt, s(0) = 0
of v(t). But
_
(12 +
10
3
t t
2
) dt
= 12t +
5
3
t
2

1
3
t
3
+ C
= t(t + 4)
_
3
1
3
t
_
+ C .
Thus
s(t) = t(t + 4)
_
3
1
3
t
_
.
Since the car will be in Austin whenever
s(t) = 0, we see that after departing at t = 0,
the next time it will in Austin will be
9 hours later .
keywords: word problem, integral, polyno-
mial, distance, time taken,