Latin Study Guide Chapters 8 & 9

Vocabulary
Copia, copiae, f., abundance, supply Copiae, copiarum, pl., supplies, troops, forces Frater, fratris, m., brother Laus, laudis, f., praise Libertas, libertatis, f., liberty Ratio, rationis, f., reason Scriptor, scriptoris, m., writer Soror, sororis, f., sister Victoria, victoriae, f., victory Dum, conj., while Ad, prep. + acc., to/towards a place Ex or e, prep. + abl., out of, from Numquam, adv., never Tamen, adv., nevertheless, still Ago, agere, egi, actum, to do, make, drive, spend Demonstro, demonstrare, demonstravi, demonstratum, to point out, show, demonstrate Disco, discere, didici, to learn Doceo, docere, docui, doctum, to teach Duco, ducere, duxi, ductum, to lead Gero, gerere, gessi, gestum, to carry, carry on, wage Scribo, scribere, scripsi, scriptum, to write Traho, trahere, traxi, tractum, to drag Vinco, vincere, vici, victum, to conquer, overcome Locus, loci, m., place, passage in literature Morbus, morbi, m., disease Studium, studii, n., eagerness, study Hic, haec, hoc, this Ille, illa, illud, that Iste, ista, istud, that of yours, that Enim, postpositive conj., for, in fact, truly In, prep. + abl, in, prep. + acc, into Nimis or nimium, adv., too, too much, excessively

Hic Singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
Hic Huius Huic Honc Hoc Haec Huius Huic Hanc Hac Hoc Huius Huic Hoc hoc

Ille singular
Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
Ille Illius Illi Illum Illo Illa Illius Illi Illam Illa Illud Illius Illi Illud Illo

Hic plural
Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
Hi Horum His Hos His Hae Harum His Has His Haec Horum His Haec His

Ille plural
Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Ablative
Illi Illorum Illis Illos Illis Illae Illarum Illis Illas Illis Illa Illorum Illis Illa Illis

The Nasty Nine

Singular Genitive and Dative are irregular they end in ius and i (respectively). Furthermore, one of them, alius, -a, -um, meaning another or other, changes completely in its genitive singular form. So instead of aliius being the genitive, it becomes alterius.

Formation of Adverbs from Adjectives

Take the -us, -a, -um endings, drop them, and add an -e. However, there are some exceptions, which are in the list below. Adverbs of Time: Hodie: today Olim: once, formally Cras: tomorrow Nunc: now Heri: yesterday Postea: afterward Semper: always Tum: then Saepe: often Denique: finally Numquam: never Interim: meantime Diu: for a long time Primo: firstly Adverbs of Place: Ibi: there Long: far Adverbs of Manner: Ben: well Mal: bad Nimis: excessively

Present Tense Conjugation

I & II Conjugation
-o -s -t -mus -tis -nt

Imperfect Tense Conjugation

I & II Conjugation
-bam -bas -bat -bamus -batis -bant

III Conjugation
-o -is -it -imus -itis -unt

III Conjugation
-ebam -ebas -ebat -ebamus -ebatis -ebant

Future Tense Conjugation

I & II Conjugation
-bo -bis -bit -bimus -bitis -bunt

Perfect Tense Conjugation

All Conjugations have the same Perfect Tense endings
-i -isti -it -imus -istis -erunt

III Conjugation
-am -es -et -emus -etis -ent