Language & Culture

Part A Grammar and vocabulary

A Tick () the correct sentence in each pair. Example: a Oh no, it rains! b Oh no, it s raining! ! & ( * , a " reall# like $antas# books an% $ilms. b " m reall# liking $antas# books an% $ilms. a "n m# countr#, the sun shines e'er# %a# in summer. b "n m# countr#, the sun is shining e'er# %a# in summer. a " sta# )ith a $rien% $or a $e) %a#s. b " m sta#ing )ith a $rien% $or a $e) %a#s. a This orange +uice is %elicious, but " pre$er co$$ee. b This orange +uice is %elicious, but " m pre$erring co$$ee. a " %o an English test at the moment. b " m %oing an English test at the moment.

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B -ut the letters in the correct or%er to make sentences. Cross out one )or% #ou %o not nee% in each sentence. Example: on .atur%a# / $ootball / " / )ith / am / $rien%s / pla# / m# " play football with my friends on Saturday. am 0 2 3 6 !8 going / tonight / out / )ant / " / to / %on t / go " 1111111111111111111 ha'ing / to%a# / " m / a / reall# / ha'e / time / nice
" m 111111111111111111

test / ha'e / )e / al)a#s / ha'ing / an / on 4ri%a# / English 5e 111111111111111111 moment / computer / uses / is / the / using / m# / 7lice / at 7lice 11111111111111111 in / come / " / $rom / am / to)n / a / 9erman# / small " 1111111111111111111

C Complete each :uestion )ith !;( )or%s. Example: A: Why are you learning English? B: Because I need it for my job. A: Do you like reading books? B: Oh yes, I read at least two or three books a month. 7: (!!) 11111 #our $a'ourite book< =: 7 no'el calle% he !lea "alace. 7: (!&) 11111 like it<
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=: 7: =: 7: =: 7: =:
=ecause it s entertaining an% has some interesting characters. (!() 11111 #ou rea% it< Last #ear, )hen " )as on holi%a#. (!*) 11111 )rote it< 7 )oman calle% Eli$ .ha$ak. (!,) 11111 $amous in #our countr#< Ces, she s one o$ the most $amous )riters in Turke#.

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D >ea% the text, then match the names o$ the people to the t#pe o$ English. a'iation English business English technical English legal English me%ical English scienti$ic English

A# name s Austa$a, an% " m stu%#ing "nternational Aanagement at 7mman Bni'ersit#. A# best $rien% is calle% Aurat, an% he s stu%#ing Chemistr# at the same uni'ersit#. A# sister 4atma starte% )ork as a %octor last #ear. .he s )orking in De) Cork, an% has to kno) lots o$ special English )or%s $or her +ob. A# other sister, C#ra, )ants to )ork as a la)#er $or the Bnite% Dations )hen she $inishes uni'ersit#. A# ol%er brother Eai%ar is training to become a pilot $or our national airline. Dext #ear m# #ounger brother Eussein is starting an engineering course at a college near our home. Example: Austa$a: business En lish !0 !2 !3 !6 &8 Aurat: 1111111111 4atma: 1111111111 C#ra: 1111111111 Eai%ar: 1111111111 Eussein: 1111111111

E Complete the collocations $or %escribing places. " come $rom Eong Fong, )hich is part o$ China. Eong Fong is a large, exciting cit#, )ith plent# o$ (8) tourist attractions, an% i$ #ou 'isit, #ou )ill $in% plent# o$ things to %o. "$ #ou like shopping, $or example, #ou ll lo'e the shopping centres, %epartment stores, (&!) %GGGGGGGGr bouti:ues an% street markets. There are also theatres an% museums )here #ou can see (&&) cGGGGGGGGl e'ents like $ilms, pla#s an% exhibitions. =ecause Eong Fong is :uite a ne) cit#, there aren t man# (&() aGGGGGGGGt monuments, but there is a lot o$ 'er# impressi'e (&*) mGGGGGGGGn architecture. Aost 'isitors to Eong Fong arri'e at our (&,) iGGGGGGGGl airport, )hich is one o$ the busiest in East 7sia. ! Complete the secon% sentence in each pair so that it has a similar meaning to the $irst sentence. Bse !;( )or%s
in each sentence, inclu%ing the )or% in brackets.

Example: a #ou could go to the cinema if you don$t want an e%&ensi'e night out. (suggest) b If you don$t want an e%&ensi'e night out, Id suggest going to the cinema. &0 a Cou shoul% %e$initel# go to the museum. (miss) b Cou 1111111111 the museum. &2 a 5e coul% go to see the ne) .corsese $ilm. (about)
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b &3 a b &6 a b (8 a b 1111111111 the ne) .corsese $ilm< The Tourist "n$ormation O$$ice might be able to help #ou. ( try) Cou 1111111111 the Tourist "n$ormation O$$ice. The to)n is )ell kno)n $or its 'er# goo% restaurants. ( lots) 1111111111 o$ 'er# goo% restaurants. " reall# think #ou shoul% take a boat trip on the ri'er. ( really) " can 1111111111 a boat trip on the ri'er.

Test

Part B #eadin G #eadin >ea% the extract $rom a ne)spaper article. Then rea% the sentences belo). ?eci%e )hich $i'e sentences are true. Sin lish $ A uni%ue lan ua e 7rri'ing in the islan% republic o$ .ingapore $or the $irst time, one o$ the $irst things " notice% )as the unusual use o$ English. " hear% local people use expressions like H" catch no ball an% HCou take &8 cents go , )hich use English )or%s, but are not expressions use% in stan%ar% English. " also hear% English sentences that use% )or%s " %i%n t recognise: H" m hungr#, let s makan. or HThis $oo% is shiok! "t )as all 'er# %i$$erent $rom the )a# people spoke English in other EnglishI speaking countries. 7t $irst " )as con$use% about )h# so man# people spoke like this, but )hen " starte% to un%erstan% a bit more about .ingapore s culture an% histor#, " began to un%erstan% the reason. .ingapore is a countr# o$ man# ethnic an% linguistic groups, an% has $our o$$icial languages, Aan%arin, Aala#, Tamil an% English. English is the most common language, but speakers borro) )or%s an% expressions $rom the other three languages. .ometimes these )or%s an% expressions are translate% into English, an% sometimes the# are le$t as the# are. The result is a local 'ersion o$ English calle% .ingaporean English, or *inglish $or short. .o H" catch no ball an% HCou take &8 cents go are translations o$ in$ormal Chinese expressions, meaning H" %on t un%erstan% an% H9o a)a#! +akan an% shiok are Aala# $or eat an% fantastic. .inglish, like Hreal languages, is constantl# changing, )ith ne) )or%s an% expressions being a%%e% almost %ail#. 4or man# .ingaporeans it is an important part o$ their national culture. .inglish %ictionaries ha'e been )ritten, there are $ilms, songs an% e'en books in .inglish, an% there are e'en some people )ho )oul% like it to become the countr# s o$$icial language. Eo)e'er, others think it is ba% English, an% that it makes .ingaporeans seem less intelligent than the# are. There is e'en an organisation calle% the H.peak 9oo% English Ao'ement (.9EA), )hich promotes stan%ar% English on tele'ision, on the ra%io an% in ne)spaper a%'ertisements. .o $ar, the .9EA has been unsuccess$ul. " aske% Jioti -opatlal, a language pro$essor at .ingapore Bni'ersit#, )h# this might be. H7 lot o$ people think that it %oesn t soun% right )hen a .ingaporean talks stan%ar% English, especiall# )ith a )estern accent, she explaine%. H5e sa# that the# jiat gentang. " looke% con$use% at this ne) .inglish expression an% aske% her to translate. H,iat means eat in Chinese, an% gentang means &otato in Aala#, she explaine%. HAan# .ingaporeans think that people )ho speak stan%ar% English soun% like the# ha'e a potato in their mouth, so )e use the expression jiat gentang - eating potatoes - to %escribe that )a# o$ speaking. " no%%e% m# hea%. H" un%erstan%, " sai%. H" catch ball per$ectl#. " think " m going to en+o# using this )on%er$ul language! a At first, the author didn$t know the meaning of words like makan and shiok.
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Language & Culture

b c % e $ g h i + k The English that people use in .ingapore is similar to English in other places. The author %i% a course in .ingapore s culture an% histor#. English is use% more than an# other language in .ingapore. .inglish is a mixture o$ English an% $our other languages. Aost .ingaporeans speak Aala#. .inglish is not +ust a spoken language. Dot e'er#bo%# thinks .inglish is a goo% thing. The .9EA has not manage% to change the )a# .ingaporeans speak English. -eople )ho speak .inglish soun% like the# ha'e a potato in their mouth. The author likes .inglish.

Test

Example: a (! (& (( (* (, 11 11 11 11 11

'nit 1 (an ua e ) Culture Part A Grammar and vocabulary *+, mar-s.

A *" mar-s per %uestion $ 1, mar-s. !a &a (b *a ,b B *" mar-s per %uestion $ 1, mar-s. 0 " %on t )ant to go out tonight. going 2 " m ha'ing a reall# nice time to%a#. ha'e 3 5e al)a#s ha'e an English test on 4ri%a#. ha'ing 6 7lice is using m# computer at the moment. uses !8 " come $rom a small to)n in 9erman#. am C *" mar-s per %uestion $ 1, mar-s. !! 5hat is / 5hat s !& 5h# %o #ou !( 5hen %i% !* 5ho !, "s she D *" mar-s per %uestion $ 1, mar-s. !0 scienti$ic English !2 me%ical English !3 legal English !6 a'iation English &8 technical English
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E *" mar-s per %uestion $ 1, mar-s. &! %esigner && cultural &( ancient &* mo%ern &, international ! *" mar-s per %uestion $ 1, mar-s. &0 shoul%n t miss &2 5hat about &3 coul% tr# &6 There are lots (8 reall# recommen%

Test

Part B #eadin 0
G */ mar-s per %uestion $ ", mar-s. (! % (& g (( h (* i (, k (The letters can be )ritten in an# or%er)

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Language & Culture

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