AE 2303/AERODYNAMICS-II

JEPPIAAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

JEPPIAAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING AE2303/Aerodynamics II/Important 15 questions UNIT-I 1. i) Derive the area-mach number relation and explain why convergent-divergent nozzle is needed for supersonic flow. (8Marks) ii) Explain what is choking in a C-D nozzle and show that the expression for choked mass flow rate for an isentropic flow of duct through a duct is . = (8Marks)

2. i) Derive the one dimensional adiabatic steady state energy equation and deduce the isentropic relations for a perfect gas. (8Marks) ii) Obtain an expression for the speed of sound and show that the speed of sound is proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature of air. (8Marks) 3. Problems based on C-D nozzle to find out the mass flow rate, throat area cross sectional area, pressure, velocity, and Mach number at the nozzle exit UNIT-II 1. i) Show that the strength of a normal shock in a perfect gas depends only on Mach number ahead of the shock or For an oblique shock wave bring out proper relationships between the flows parameters in front of the shock and behind the shock. (8Marks) ii) Derive Rayleigh supersonic Pitot formula. Why is Rayleighs correction for total pressure required in supersonic flows? (8Marks) 2. i) Derive Prandtl- Meyers Expansion waves for a flow over a convex corner. ii) Derive Prandtl relation for a normal shock in a perfect gas. 3. Problems based on shocks to find out the downstream(total pressure &temperature, density) conditions of the shocks, deflection angle, strength of the shock,

UNIT-III 1. i)Explain the procedure to obtain supersonic nozzle contour for a given Mach number using Method of characteristics. Also draw neat sketches for continuous and centred expansion supersonic nozzles. (8Marks) ii) Show that the local Mach number is unity at the point of maximum entropy on the Rayleigh line. Or For the Rayleigh flow, show that the mach number = temperature is maximum. Further find the value of

at which

for =1.4 (8Marks)

2. i)Derive the Rankine-Hugoniot relation for a shock. (10Marks) ii) What is the difference between Rayleigh and fanno flow.(6Marks)
PREPARED BY S.ILAKKIYA, ASST., PROF

AE 2303/AERODYNAMICS-II

JEPPIAAR ENGINEERING COLLEGE

3. Problems based on the double wedge to calculate the flow Mach numbers and the slipstream using shock expansion theory or Problems based on two dimensional wedge to find out CL and CD using shock expansion theory UNIT-IV 1. Problems based on two-dimensional wing profile or for a flat plate to calculate CL and CD using linearized theory. 2. State the assumptions and limitations made in the small-perturbation potential theory and show that the linearized pressure coefficient is a function of the perturbation velocity in the Main flow direction only. CP = - .

3. i) Describe the Prandtl-Glauert affine transformation for subsonic flow over airfoils and highlight its significance. ii) Explain about thin aerofoil theory for subsonic and supersonic flows. UNIT-V 1. i) Explain about Shock induced separation ii)Explain in detail about the effect of thickness, camber and aspect ratio on the characteristics of wings 2. i)Briefly discuss transonic area rule and supercritical airfoil ii)Write short notes on reflection of shock wave and expansion waves from free- surface boundary. 3. i) Write brief notes on critical Mach number and drag divergence Mach number. ii) Explain how large drag increase takes place at transonic flow. What are the control measures adopted at the design stage? iii) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the effect of sweepback

PREPARED BY S.ILAKKIYA, ASST., PROF