UNIT 20: An electric power system is a complex assemblage of equipment and circuits for generating, transmitting, transforming and

distributing electrical energy. Generation Electricity in the large quantities required to supply electric power systems is produced in generating station, commonly called power plants. Transmission The transmission system carries electrical power efficiently and in large amounts from generating station to consumption areas. Distribution Distribution networks are the parts of power systems that deliver energy from the area supply stations to the customers.

EX 3: Electricity is generated in power plants. Generating stations should be considered as conversion facilities Heat energy of fuel is converted to electricity Generating plants are interconnected by transmission and distribution system Total load of a power system is seldom constant. Minimum system load is termed the base load Maximum load are called peak load Transmission systems carries electric power Transmission systems is used to adjacent power systems Transmission circuits are designed to operate up to 765 kV Permissible load-carrying ability ??????? square of the voltage Distribution networks deliver energy to customers

UNIT 21: EX 3: TRANSFORMERS Transformers are electrical components used to transfer electrical energy from one alternatingcurrent (AC) circuit to another by magnetic coupling. Essentially, they consist of two or more multiturn coils of wire placed in close proximity to cause the magnetic field of one to link the other. Poly-type distribution transformers supply relatively small amounts of power to residences. Power transformers are used at generating stations to step up the generated voltage to high levels for transmission. Substation transformer are used to stepped down voltages for local distribution. Instrument transformers are used to measure voltage and currents accurately. Audio frequency transformers Video frequency transformers Radio- frequency transformers transfer energy in narrow frequency bands.

UNIT 7: SYNONYMS: near proximity perform accomplishes increase step up decrease stepped down produce - generate basically - essentially provide - supply need - require

EX: 8 ANTONYMS: neither either absolutely relative unequal equal unwind - wind primary alternating

UNIT 22: EX: 3 ( ubaciti glagol, aktiv pasiv)

EX 4: GENERATOR : a machine that converts mechanical power into electrical power. ROTOR: the basic coil element which forms a single conducting loop. STATOR: the portion that includes and supports the stationary active parts. LOAD: a device that receives power, or the power delivered to such a device. TURN: the basic coil elements which forms a single conducting loop WINDING: an assembly of coils ALTERNATOR: an alternating-current generator MAGNETOMOTIVE FORCE ( MMF ): the work required to carry a magnetic pole of unit strength once around a magnetic circuit. FLUX: the rate of flow of energy through a surface