Assignment on ERP:

Questions: 1) What are Enterprise, MRP, OLTP, OLAP, SAP and SCM? What is ERP? Write its Brief history of ERP? 2) What are the benefits of ERP? What are the objectives of ERP implementation? What are B2B, ASAP, SWOT, BOM?

SUBMITTED BY N. Srikanth (01214D29)

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1) What is mean by enterprise?

An enterprise is a project undertaking, especially a bold or complex one. undertaking, endeavour, venture, pursuit, exercise, activity, operation, exploit,mission, deed, act, action, move, measure, task, business,affair, proceeding etc.

Material requirements planning MRP: MRP is a production planning and inventory control system used to manage manufacturing processes. Most MRP systems are software-based, while it is possible to conduct MRP by hand as well. OLPT: Online transaction processing, or OLTP, is a class of information systems that facilitate and manage transaction-oriented applications, typically for data entry and retrieval transaction processing. The term is somewhat ambiguous; some understand a "transaction" in the context of computer or database transactions, while others (such as the Transaction Processing Performance Council) define it in terms of business or commercial transactions. OLAP: OLAP is part of the broader category of business, which also encompasses relational database, report writing and data mining. Typical reporting for applications of OLAP include business process

sales, marketing,

management

reporting, business

management (BPM), budgeting and forecasting, financial reporting and similar areas, with new applications coming up, such as agriculture. The term OLAP was

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created as a slight modification of the traditional database term OLTP (Online Transaction Processing). SAP: Systems Applications Products Real time processing with an integrated suite of client/server applications. Comprehensive Business Process orientation Fully Integrated business process Modular Structure International yet consistent Providing maximum flexibility & Scalability Strong backbone for future technologies. SCM: Supply chain management is the management of the flow of goods. It includes the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. Interconnected or interlinked networks, channels and node businesses are involved in the provision of products and services required by end customers in a supply chain. Define ERP? Brief its history? Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is business management software usually a suite of integrated applications that a company can use to store and manage data from every stage of business, including:

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ERP provides an integrated real-time view of core business processes, using common databases maintained by a database management system. ERP systems track business resources cash, raw materials, production capacity and the status of business commitments: orders, purchase orders, and payroll. The applications that make up the system share data across the various departments (manufacturing, purchasing, sales, accounting, etc.) that entered the data. ERP facilitates information flow between all business functions, and manages connections to outside stakeholders. In 1990, Gartner Group first used the acronym ERP as an extension of material requirements planning (MRP), later manufacturing resource

planning and computer-integrated manufacturing. Without supplanting these terms, ERP came to represent a larger whole that reflects the evolution of application integration beyond manufacturing. Not all ERP packages developed from a manufacturing core. Vendors variously began with accounting, maintenance, and human resources. By the mid1990s ERP systems addressed all core enterprise functions. Governments and nonprofit organizations also began to use ERP systems. ERP systems experienced rapid growth in the 1990s, because the year 2000 problem and introduction of the euro disrupted legacy systems. Many companies took the opportunity to replace their old systems with ERP. ERP systems initially focused on automating back office functions that did not directly affect customers and the general public. Front office functions, such as customer relationship management (CRM), dealt directly with customers, or ebusiness systems such as ecommerce, egovernment, e telecom, and efinanceor supplier relationship management (SRM) became integrated later, when the Internet simplified communicating with external parties.

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"ERP II" was coined in the early 2000s. It describes web based software that provides realtime access to ERP systems to employees and partners (such as suppliers and customers). The ERP II role expands traditional ERP resource optimization and transaction processing. Rather than just manage buying, selling, etc. ERP II leverages information in the resources under its management to help the enterprise collaborate with other enterprises. ERP II is more flexible than the first generation ERP. Rather than confine ERP system capabilities within the organization, it goes beyond the corporate walls to interact with other systems. Enterprise application suite is an alternate name for such systems. 2) Benefits of ERP:

The single data source for product and services information - such as information related to suppliers, vendors, customer orders and the products themselves - drive rapid product development and launch cycles which increases a company's overall market share.

Increased access to valuable corporate data delivers a clear, global view of the business that drives continuous improvement strategies and establishes common performance metrics and measures to gauge the health of the business.

Effectively managing projects holistically fosters decision making at critical levels in the development and/or manufacturing process.

Support for streamlined sourcing and procurement processes drive alignment to customer demands, and also deliver a centralized buying model to reduce unauthorized and unnecessary expenses.

Providing sales and operations planning with access to critical information fosters "closed loop" processes that ensures the business does not overpromise and/or under deliver to customers.

Automating business processes such as invoicing and sales and purchase orders within one system improves forecasting accuracy and reduces inefficiencies.

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Using a single base of information for billing and other customer interactions improves service levels and increases customer retention.

B2B:

Business-to-business (B2B)

describes

commerce

transactions

between

businesses, such as between a manufacturer and a wholesaler, or between a wholesaler and a retailer. Contrasting terms are business-to-consumer (B2C) and business-to-government (B2G). B2B branding is a term used in marketing. B2B is also used in the context of communication and collaboration. Many businesses are now using social media to connect with their consumers (B2C); however, they are now using similar tools within the business so employees can connect with one another. When communication is taking place amongst employees, this can be referred to as "B2B" communication. ASAP: ASAP (Accelerated SAP) is a step-by-step methodology for speeding up the implementation of an SAP R/3 system. The components of ASAP, which can be used together or individually, are called accelerators. Accelerators are based on the best practices of SAP customers from around the world and consist of a number of templates, questions, and scenarios that require user input to help the user determine the best way to implement their R/3 system. SWOT:

Strengths: characteristics of the business or project that give it an advantage over others.

Weaknesses: characteristics that place the business or project at a disadvantage relative to others.

Opportunities: elements that the project could exploit to its advantage

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Threats: elements in the environment that could cause trouble for the business or project Identification of SWOTs is important because they can inform later steps in

planning to achieve the objective. First, the decision makers should consider whether the objective is attainable, given the SWOTs. If the objective is not attainable a different objective must be selected and the process repeated. Users of SWOT analysis need to ask and answer questions that generate meaningful information for each category (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) to make the analysis useful and find their competitive advantage. BOM: A bill of materials (sometimes bill of material or BOM) is a list of the raw materials, sub-assemblies, intermediate assemblies, sub-components, parts and the quantities of each needed to manufacture an end product. A BOM may be used for communication between manufacturing partners, or confined to a single manufacturing plant. A BOM can define products as they are designed (engineering bill of materials), as they are ordered (sales bill of materials), as they are built (manufacturing bill of materials), or as they are maintained (service bill of materials). Objectives of ERP implementation: 1) Communication 2) Process management 3) Training & education 4) Cultural & structural changes
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5) Technical 6) Project management 7) Legacy systems management 8) Systems integration 9) Systems testing, IT Leadership, Business systems Relationship building. thinking &

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