OPTIMAL USE OF STORED RENEWABLE POWER USING MICROCONTROLLER

INTRODUCTION: One of the major challenges faced by Indian power grid system are the excess use of energy and that results in the imbalance in the power generated and power consumed. The utility regulates the amount of consumption by introducing power cuts and time of use billing methods leading to decrease in the comfort level of consumers. A design for a smart control device, for efficient use of stored renewable energy, is proposed in this project. In this project the no. of electronic components is used to implement. The system is able to make decisions on which equipment can get priority to continue receiving power in the case of power shortage/failure. BLOCK DIAGRAM:

SOLAR PANEL (12V,3W)

AC or GRID (230V)

ADC ALCD

CURRENT SENSOR

VOLTAGE CIRCUIT

MICRO CONTROLLER

RELAY

LOAD (BULB)

BATTERY (12V,1.2AH) CHARGING CIRCUIT PC (MATLAB) LOAD ANALYSIS KEY

RELAY

DESCRIPTION: Here microcontroller is the heart of project, so which controls all the components in the project shown above in the diagram, in this project we used many components like microcontroller to control the unit, Alpha-numeric LCD for display purpose, Load Analysis Key, Current Sensor, Battery, Solar Panel and Ac Grid etc. This project mainly works on two aspects such as analysis of equipment in house and switching the power to battery through Renewable Source or AC Grid. Here the renewable source is Solar Panel and AC Grid is nothing but 230v from meter, this two will automatically switched through Relay on the basis of battery voltage, hence it achieves artificial intelligence through controller, if the battery energy is less to the equipment working and Solar Panel is not producing sufficient energy, then it switch to AC Grid else for normal operation, Renewable Source (Solar Panel) will be switched. The Key is used to find the load used by the equipments in house through current sensor and the load is displayed in LCD and also sent to PC, where as PC consists of matlab software to find the minimum and maximum energy consumed by the equipment and sent back to controller for further operation like switching process in the unit. NOTE: Depending on the microcontroller architecture there will be changes in the block diagram, I/O lines; softwares & IDE which are being used to program the microcontroller and the coding will be done using embedded C.

HARDWARE USED: 1. Microcontroller

2. ALCD 3. Load Analysis Key 4. Current Sensor 5. ADC 6. Relays 7. Solar Panel 8. AC Grid(230v) 9. Battery 10.Charging Circuit and Voltage Circuit 11. PC Server(MATLAB)

APLLICATIONS: 1. Industries 2. School or College 3. Big malls etc

ADVANTAGES: 1. Energy will be Saved 2. Equipment will be long reliable due to analysis of the power consumed

DISADVANTAGES: 1. To Install, the Cost factor is high

FUTURE SCOPE: In Future Development of a hybrid system (that includes power from wind and solar resources) thus with more than one renewable resource to meet the total daily consumption for a consumer.

REFERENCES: 1. Power Grid Corporation of India Limited. Our Network April 2013 http://www.powergridindia.com/_layouts/PowerGrid/User/ContentPage.aspx?PId= 80&LangID=English. 2. All India region wise Generating installed capacity of power . Central electric authority, Ministry of power , Government of India. January 2013.