Sap 2000

(Sap 2000 ver.
14) 2000
SAP 2000 ver. 14

Structural Analysis Program= SAP

CSI

) (AutoCAD Excel
.
structures elements
Frame elements
solid elements
Area elements
Dams
Frames
slabs
Beams
weirs
shells & domes
Trusses
large mass str.
foundation
Arch girders
R.c. Retaining walls
End j
Frame element

Area element

.
3
Solid element

.
4
2
End i
]
/ - - eng_m_z@yahoo.com
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Examples using frame elements
2-D
) plane analysis (x-z :
5t
3t
frames
supports
5t
5 t/m
5t
Beams
10t
10t
5t
5t
truss
frame elements
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Examples using frame and area elements
2-D
: plane analysis (x-y)
Beam
Flat slab
Beam
(Area Element)
solid slab
(area element)
solid slab
(area element)
Beam
Beam (frame element)

cone (slab)
posts
(frame elements)
shaft
shell
(area elements)
3D
: space analysis
Columns
(frame elements)
beam
beam
Raft foundation
Reinforced concrete Retaining walls
frame elements
area elements
]
eng_m_z@yahoo.com - - /
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
osnap
Area
elements
frame
elements
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Types of Axes:
y
global axis

(XYZ) .
local axis
z
y
x
global axis x-y-z
,
.
:

.
)axis
frame elements
(local
)Axial force (tension +ve) , (comp. -ve

)Shear 2-2 (force in direction of local axis 2
)Shear 3-3 force in direction of local axis 3
)Torsion (moment about local axis 1
)M2-2 (moment about local axis 2
)M3-3 (moment about local axis 3
123456-
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
(X-Z) plane:
Beams,frames,trusses,Arch girders,etc
-
-1
-2 ).(grid lines
-3
.
-4 .
-5 )(supports
-6 joint loads
frame loads
-7
- )(Analysis - run
-
-1 : ) (ton-m-c

new model
file
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

grids
-2 grids

x y Z
x
y
z
x
y
z
X
Y
Z
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
grids
,
right click Edit grid data
Modify/ show system
:
** spacing
.
** ordinates
.
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

* x-z
-3 Define Materials
4000psi
concrete fc' = 0.8 fcu
Ec=14000 fcu
* 10 fcu=250 kg/cm2

2.5 t/m3
= 0.2

fc' = 0.8 fcu
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Modify A992Fy50 Steel

7.849 t/m3
E steel
Fyield
Fultimate
1.1*Fyield
1.1*Fultimate
Add new Material

Rebar Rebar
4000psi
A992Fy50
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
St. 36/52

7.849 t/m3
E steel=2e7 t/m2
Fyield =36000 t/m2

Fultimate =52000 t/m2
1.1*Fyield
1.1*Fultimate
-4 Frame elements :
section propertiesframe section
Define
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

steel

add new property

steel .
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-5 )(frame elements grids

.
Draw
.

grid line
bracing
. grid lines
secondary beams
.
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-6 supports :
Assign joint Restraint

-7 :
types of loads
joint loads
frame loads
Area loads
1- joint loads
Pz
Px
Py
Forces
My Y
Z
Mz
Mx x
Moments
Settlement of supports
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
*
:
joint loadsforces
displacements
, Assign
2- Frame loads:
Point loads
Distributed loads
P
M
Uniform load
trapezoidal load
frame element :
frame loads point load

Distributed load
Assign
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

*
*

Axis-2
Axis-1
Axis-2
local axes of frames

Z
Axis-1

Global axis
X
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
* ) (gravity )(Z

Horizontal projection projected .
-8

File Save
-9 Analyze run analysis

F5
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-10 :
Display
deformed shape
cancel
ok
frame elements
shear2-2 , shear3-3 scale factor =-ve

Auto
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Example:
5 ton
5 t/m
3 ton
t/m
2
5 t/m
5 ton
z
x
3
All sections 30x100 cm , CROSS SECTION AT BOTTOM =30X60

concrete frame
two hinged frame

:
Sap2000 t,m,c
:
Grid only .
:

modify Sapacing
edit grid
x = 6,2,8,3,0 z =4,2,0
ok X-Z .
]
2
4
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
Define Materials
fcu=250kg/cm2
:
Define sections frame
100*30
60*30 nonprismatic 60*30 100*30
cubic I33 Linear . I22
:
Draw frame
.
:
hinge
Assign joint restraints
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
local Axis
View set display options :

:

Assign joint loads forces
:

Assign frame loads distributed
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:

double click .
double click
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
distributed concentrated ok
: ) (own weight dead
load
define load patterns

self weight multiplier =0
modify load pattern
display show load assigns ok

:
Analyze Run Analysis
save
F5 Modal Run/Dont Run Case
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Run now
:
deformed shape
x,y,z
Displayshow deformed shape wire
shadow
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Displayshow forces /stresses frames

Axial force Moment3-3 shear2-2
Show values on diagrams
Reactions Displayshow forces /stressesjoint

***
Run .
Home Work:
beams: 1
3t
1t/m
2.5t/m
4t
3t 3 t/m3t
5t
2.5 t/m
2 t.m
2m
4.5 m
1m
6m
4m
1.5m
All beams 25x60 cm
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
frames: 2
4t
)2t/m (H.P
)1t/m (per.
5t
4t/m
6t
1.5 m
4t
3m
5t
2t/m
cols. 30x60 cm
beams,cantilivers 30x80 cm
3m
8m
3m
2m
2t/m
4m
Replicate
-1
-2
Edit Replicate

y

z
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

......

......
* ) Global Axis (X-Y-Z

view show Axis
* grids
view show grid
* pan
view pan
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
* zoom
zoom

zoom
view zoom
Zoom
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Trusses :
frames
truss
truss joint loads
frame loads steel
3t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
3t
1.5m
12*2=24 m
Verticals & diagonals are L 7x7x1 cm
Top and bottom members are 2L 5x5x1 cm
grids
define--- frame/cable sections
7x7x1 cm
5x5x1 cm .
pinned
6t
3t
)(0,0,0
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Edit Replicate -- linear

X 4 2m
.
:
6t
6t
6t
6t
3t
6t
)(12,0,0
)(0,0,0
Edit -- Replicate-- mirror

X1=12 ,Y1=0
Z
X2=12 ,Y2=1
X

.
3t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
6t
3t
pinned
Assign
frames
frame/cable releases/partial fixity
M33 .
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
self wt multiplier DL
define load patterns
modify load pattern ok

run Axial force & Reactions
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Multi story frames

5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
5t
4 t/m
5t
4 t/m
6t
5t
6t
4 t/m
5t
4 t/m
5t
4 t/m
5t
4 t/m
5t
4 t/m
5t
4 t/m
8m
6t
8m
6t
4.5t
4.5t
4.5t
6t
8m
columns 30x100
girders 30*80
8.
5 4 .

6 z 4 .
Edit--- Replicate Linear
.
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Space frames

6m
m
/
t
4
4m
m
/
t
6
5m
5t
5t
Z
X
3x8m
Plan
BEAMS =30X80
COLUMNS = 30X100
3x8 m
]
6m
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
* X-Y-Z GRIDS .
*
UP DOWN
UP
DOWN
X-Z
Y=10
X-Z
Y=6
X-Z
Y=0
Z
Y
Extrude view Set elements
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
plan :
View set 3d view xy

Aperture
cross
.

:
Assign frame/cable Local axis

:
M22 ,M33,Shear22 , Shear33, Axial , Torsion
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Space trusses

Roller
Hinged
All members one angle 6x6x1 cm

......
5t
10t
10t
3m
3m
3m
3m
3m
3m
10t
10t
5t
5t
5t
2m
3m
ELEVATION
3m
3m
3m
3m
3m
3m
SIDE VIEW
Bottom PLAN
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
: sap2000
ton,m
: file- new model
grid only .

1.5
1.5
1.5
x 4
1.5 y
3 z 2
x-z y=0
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
: 0.06x0.06x0.01 Angle
Define Frame sections Add- Angle
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
pinned :
Edit Replicate-Linear
x 3 5.
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
y
3 :
bracing
x 3 5
.
X-Y z=0 bracing
:
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
X-Y z=2 bracing

Assign joint-restraint
hinged Roller .
X-Y z=2
Assign joint loadsforces
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
self weight multiplier Dead loads

Define load patterns
save Run Axial loads

Reactions .
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Inve
rted
B12*
50
Solid Slab floor plan
B 12*50
B12*50
B12*50
structural plan
floor height = 3 m
wall thickness = 12 cm
Assume all beams = 25*60 cm
Except the shown cross sections .
ts= 15 cm ( note solid slab 10 to 15 cm)
This is a residential Building (LL=0.2 t/m2)
Assume floor covering = 0.15 t/m2
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Analysis of Solid Slabs

Solid Slabs ) (10-15 cm
.
:
-1 grids X-Y .
-2 define
Frame sections & Area sections

Define frame section ,
Add rectangular

Define Area section ,
Add shell
membrane
Bending
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-3
Draw frame/cable
projected inverted dummy

divide frames continuous
.
grid line
bracing
. grid lines
secondary beams
.
-4 draw- Area Fill

objects View set display objects
Area local axes :
continuous .

. grid lines
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-5 hinged
-6 Define load patterns dead

self weight multiplier=1
live live own wt. :
-7 dead :
'*h wall*t wall = 1.8*2.6*0.12 = 0.6 t/m
brick
= W wall
:
Assign Frame loads distributed
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
.
: 2 4/'
) (1.2*L /2 4.25
'1.2*4.25/2 = 2.55 t/m
. plan
: 0.001x0.001
uniform '0.25 t/m
-8 ) (live loads= 0.2 t/m2 live dead
) (floor cover = 0.15 t/m2
:
)Assign Area loads uniform (shell
-9
:
Edit Edit Areas Divide Area
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

x ,y

x ,y

grid

.

]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
continous
-10

EditEdit lines divide frames

Break at intersections with selected joints and frames
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Automatic sub-divisions
sap
Assign frame Automatic subdivisions

torsion .
-11
:
Assign frameReleases/partial fixity
-12
save run
:
** local axis .
** local Axis 3 .

Assign Area Reverse local 3

:
Assign Area local Axis
ok
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
ultimate ) 1.5 *( Dead+live

0.75 :
Define load combinations
scale 1.5 add
* reactions .
* Displayshow force/stresses
shells
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
M11 local axis 1 ) (1

solid slab )
( 610/m 1/5
1/10 .
1
2
M11
M22
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
Display show force/stresses frame/cable Moment 33 & Shear22
Ultimate
frame elements
reactions display- tables

output joints .
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
File Export to Excel
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Analysis of Flat Slabs

Flat Slabs
. Marginal beams ) (15 cm
.
Flat Slabs
90
5m
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Floor height = 3 m
wall thickness = 12 cm
ts= 20 cm
LL=0.4 t/m2
Assume floor covering = 0.15 t/m2
Equivalent wall loads on slab = 0.2 t/m2
:
-8 grids X-Y .
-9 define
Frame sections & Area sections
S20

Define frame section ,
Add rectangular

Define Area section ,
Add shell
membrane
Bending
0.2
0.2
Draw frame/cable
projected inverted dummy
divide frames continuous
.
grid line
bracing
. grid lines
secondary beams

-10
draw- Area
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Fill objects View set display options

Area local axes :

. grid lines

radius :
Edit ExtrudeExtrude line to Area
radial
continuous .
:
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Assign joint Restraints
-11 hinged
shear wall hinge
Assign joint constraint body
Add new constraint
flat slab Body

constraint Add new constraint .
-12 Define load patterns dead
self weight multiplier=1
live live own wt. :
-13
dead :
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

'*h wall*t wall = 1.8*2.5*0.12 = 0.6 t/m
brick
= W wall
:
Assign Frame loads distributed
.
: 2 4/'
) (1.2*L /2 5.25
'1.2*5.25/2 = 3.15 t/m
plan
simple beam '. 3.15 t/m
-8 ) (live loads= 0.4 t/m2 live dead
) (floor cover + walls = 0.15+ 0.2= 0.35 t/m2
:
)Assign Area loads uniform (shell
0.35
0.4

-13
:
Edit Divide Area
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

x ,y

x ,y

grid

.

]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
torsion .
-14
:
Assign frame/cable Releases/partial fixity
TORSION
Assign Frame/cable property modifier
0.0001 torsion constant :
-15
save run
:
** local axis .
** local Axis 3 .

Assign Area Reverse local 3

:
Assign Area local Axis
ok
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
ultimate ) 1.5 *( Dead+live
0.75
Define load combinations
scale 1.5 add
* reactions .
* Display show force/stresses
shells
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

1
2
M11
M22
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
reactions Display tables

output joints .
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Asmin=0.2*20=4 cm2 = 6 10/m'

using 6 10/m' bottom in both directions
5
Mur +VE=As*fy*d*j =6*0.785*3600*17.5*0.81/10=2.4 t.m/m'

using 6 12/m' top in both directions
5
Mur -VE=As*fy*d*j =6*1.13*3600*17.5*0.81/10=3.5 t.m/m'
Mur=3.5 t.m
combo ultimate
Ultimate
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Range
- 1 Range
-2 Range .
-3 Range .
.
.

.
-5.25
-3.5
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
M11 +ve
M22 +ve
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
M11 ve
M22 ve
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
solid dashed
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Circular tanks
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
sap2000 .
:
new model grid only x , z
:
5.00
8.00
1.00
2.00 2.00
2.00
2.00
z
4.00
2.00
2.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
5.00
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
XZ
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
define frame section

Rectangular horizontal beam 35*80 cm -1
Angle 80*80*35*35 cm -2
Rectangular tie ring beam 50x25cm -3
Rectangular column 80x30 cm -4
define Area sections Asec1

Add new section
Dome 12 cm -1
Cylinder 30 cm -2
Shaft 20 cm -3
Cone 30 cm -4
Lower dome 30 cm -5
: edit
extrude extrude point to lines radial
number
angle
:
X-Z edit extrude line to Areas
radial Z
number : angle
24 360
. 360/24
Assign Area section
fill objects
local axis 3
..
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
: Z edit replicate radial

Z 7 . 360/8
ring beams edit
extrude extrude point to lines radial
Z 24 = number . 360/24= angle
: Assign joint pattern
:
Pressure = c Z+D
= D
c=-1,
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
pattern :
Assign Area loads Surface pressure
scale =1

Bottom
by pattern
modal F11 , F22 M11 , M22

normal force .
Axial ,Shear22 , M33 :
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
F11- axial reing tension or compression in slabs
F22- axial vertical tension or compression in slabs
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
)Axial forces in frame elements ( beams , columns
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
)M33 in frame elements ( beams , columns
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
0.07m
1.00m
0.32
0.50
0.25
Internal Beam
8.0m
0.07m
0.5m
0.32
0.50
0.50
0.25
External Beam
2
Live loads = 0.3 t/m

2
Covering =0.15 t/m
walls exist on beams = 0.6 t/m'
ts = 7 cm
t = span /25 =800/25 =32 cm
Rib width = 10 cm
1.00
0.50
5.0m
0.50
Rib spacing = 50 cm
2
Hollow blocks weight =0.15 t/m
8.0m
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Raft Foundation
200 ton
120 ton
200 ton
200 ton
200 ton
130 ton
230 ton
500 ton
230 ton
230 ton
200 ton
130 ton
130 ton
TOTAL LOADS FOR COLUMNS = Ri *No. Floors * 1.1
WORKING loads
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
2/3
). (Mat foundation ) =( Raft Foundation

10
-1 2000 Grids
.
-2 Define Area --Section 1 )
10( 10 .
-3 Quick Area Grids
-4 1/2 :
Edit Divide Area
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
continuous .
-5 concentrated loads .
assign joint loads forces :
shear walls
.
P total
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
)Reaction of col. for one floor (working

ton
= P total = Ri * no. floors *1.1
-6 soil
springs stiffness
stiffness : springs
: area springs stiffness
:
stiffness : spring
t /m2
K =B.c *1000
/ 2 1.2/2
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Assign Area Area springs
stiffness

Bottom

spring

run
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
combo define load combination

Ultimate .
factor
factor
add
M11 , M22
.

. As min
As min =0.0015*B*t
As min =0.0015*100*100 = 15 cm2
'= 6 18 /m
:
bar
diameter
)(mm
)As(cm2
c/d
c1
Mu
)(t.m
)t(cm
B
)(cm
22
22.41
0.826
0.125
5.809
60
100
100
18
14.94
0.826
0.125
7.11
40
100
100
no.
Bars
' 6 18 /m Mu = 40 t.m
'6 22 /m
Mu = 60 t.m
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
range x y
x y .
M11 -1
1.5
:
x
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-2
M22 Y
1.5
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-3
M11 x
1.5
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
-4
M22 Y
1.5
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
** .
** 60
0.7 .
**
.
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
RAFT Reinforcement
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Stairs
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Helical Stairs
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Analysis of buildings due to Lateral loads

)(Wind and Earthquakes

) (
:
3-D
.
Moments axial forces
.
.
:
5 8 .
.
)
)(Zone 3
B/C= 1.5 kg/cm2

shear walls .
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
90
Flat slabs .
Excel
. Dead , Live
30x80
Shear walls 25*250
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

:
plan X-y supports
Dead , Live .
Excel
.
Sap2000 V. 14
.
combination ) (Dead + 0.25 live

1/4 .
joint reactions force Z Display tables

joint output :
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Dead + 0.25 live
ok reactions Z 188.6
1.1 * reaction
.
Weight of floor = 1.1*188.6 = 207 ton
: Excel
X Y
.
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
EARTHQUAKE FORCES ACCORDING TO EGYPTIAN CODE 2008

BY Eng. Mahmoud Zaghlal Jan. 2010
SOIL TYPE A,B,C or D =
ZONE 1,2,3,4,5A or 5B =
REDUCTION FACTOR (R) =

2008
INPUTS:
Total Weight of building (TON)=
1656
TOTAL HEIGHT of building (m)=
26
IMPORTANCE FACTOR 1 or 1.25=
OUR SOIL
TB
TC
TD
1.5
0.1
0.25
1.2
TYPES OF SOIL
TB
TC
TD
0.05
0.25
1.2
1.35
0.05
0.25
1.2
1.5
0.1
0.25
1.2
1.8
0.1
0.3
1.2
REDUCTION FACTOR (R) =
ZONE
ag
1
0.1
2
0.125
3
0.15
4
0.2
WEIGHT (TON)=
1656
ag=
0.15
H=
26
T1=Ct(H)^3/4=
0.575705
seconds
IMPORTANCE=
CASE1
Sd(T)=
-0.065889
CASE2
Sd(T)=
0.1125
CASE3
Sd(T)=
0.048853
CASE4
Sd(T)=
0.10183
FINAL Sd(T)=
0.048853
Total base shear
Fb =
80.9008
5A
0.25
5B
0.3

.
ton
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
DISTRIBUTION OF EQ FORCES
hi.Wi
)Wi (TON
hi (m) from base level
For X or Y directions
)Fi (TON
3.262129273
1035
207
5.219406837
1656
207
7.1766844
2277
207
11
9.133961964
2898
207
14
11.09123953
3519
207
17
13.04851709
4140
207
20
15.00579466
4761
207
23
16.96307222
5382
207
26

Sap2000
80.90080597
25668
...

......
1656
SUMMATION
.
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
X Y
X Y .
Wx
Wy
Wy
Wx
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
sap2000 v14 constraints
plan X-Y :
Assign Joint constraints Null ok
:
z 5 ,
.
Edit Move
x
0
y
0
z
5
:
Z
click Edit grid modify grid
Spacing Z
Spacing
5
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
Grid ID
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
X-Y plan Z=5
Extrude z 5 .
Edit Extrude point to line Linear
x
0
y
0
z
-5
Number
1
property .
:
previous Extrude z
3 .
Edit Extrude point to line Linear
:
x
0
y
0
z
3
Number
7
property .
:
X-Y plan Z=0 Fixed
:
X-Y plan Z=5 ) (
Z 3 7 .
Edit Replicate Linear
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
0
0
3
7
x
y
z
Number
:
Extrude :
3-D X-y :
View set 3-D view X-y
Aperture
:

.
Assign frame section :
Add new property X
Y
Y
X
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
)
( :
Assign frame local axes
.
stiffness
I eff = 0.5 Ig :
I eff = 0.25 Ig :
I eff = 0.7 Ig :
:
Assign Frame property modifier
0.5 0.25
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
select All diaphragms
:
Assign joint constraints
diaphragms Add new constraint . Z constant
:
Assign different diaphragms to each (Z) level.
OK
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
Define load patterns :
:
:
Modify Lateral Load Patterns
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

center of Mass
0.05
e = 0.05
e = -0.05 X . Y
EQx2
Mass center
e = -0.05
e = 0.05
EQx1
. sap2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
:
Save Run Dead ,live , Modal
:
combination
Shear walls :
Define load combinations Add new combo
Max Envelope
:
1.4
Ultimate 1.4 Working .
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
Frames Combo MAX

M22
M33
Axial forces
.
M33
M22
shear walls
Dead , Live ...
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
2008
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]
(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000
]

Sap 2000

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(Sap 2000 ver.

SAP 2000 ver. 14

R.c. Retaining walls

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Examples using frame elements

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Beam (frame element)

Reinforced concrete Retaining walls

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

)Axial force (tension +ve) , (comp. -ve

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

fc' = 0.8 fcu

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Modify A992Fy50 Steel

Add new Material

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Fyield =36000 t/m2

section propertiesframe section

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

add new property

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

-5 )(frame elements grids

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

frame loads point load

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

local axes of frames

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Horizontal projection projected .

-9 Analyze run analysis

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

shear2-2 , shear3-3 scale factor =-ve

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

All sections 30x100 cm , CROSS SECTION AT BOTTOM =30X60

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

define load patterns

display show load assigns ok

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Displayshow forces /stresses frames

Reactions Displayshow forces /stressesjoint

All beams 25x60 cm

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

* ) Global Axis (X-Y-Z

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Edit Replicate -- linear

Edit -- Replicate-- mirror

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

modify load pattern ok

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Multi story frames

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

(Sap 2000 ver. 14) 2000

Mur +VE=Asfyd*j =60.785360017.50.81/10=2.4 t.m/m'

Mur -VE=Asfyd*j =61.13360017.50.81/10=3.5 t.m/m'