Primary Sources (16) "Eva Kor Biography." Candles Holocaust Museum and Education Center. Eva Kor. Nov.

20. 2014. Web. This website is devoted to young victims of Nazi Lab Experiments and is shared with by survivors of the Nazi Experiments. It offers numerous details of how the survivors were treated and how they were affected after the Nazi Liberation. This is proof of how it affected the survivors and what they have learned from it. Eva Mozes, who is a survivor, recounts her experiences of being exposed to various types of shots or chemicals without consent. Through her story, I was able to notice the various ways in which she was mistreated which thus led to her being a strong advocate for Human Rights and Forgiveness. Die Endlsung der Judenfrage. 1938. Nazi Germany. Web. The final solution was coined by both Heinrich Himmler and Hitler who approved it. This began the extermination of Jews as well as disabled, homosexuals etc. through this document it is clear that Hitler did approve it. By approving this many were exterminated in concentration camps and through extreme methods which involved torture. This was one of the reasons why the United Nations found it important to prevent genocide and restore justice after World War Two. This is significant as it gives evidence to massive acts of genocide in the past and thus created a universal motivation to prevent it in the future. Der Ewige Jude. Dir. Fritz Hippler. Deutsche Film Gesellshaft. 1940. Short extract. This Anti-Semitic Film was used as propaganda by Nazis to convince Germany of the mythical evils of the Jews. In this short extract I saw, Adolf Hitler gives a speech to a large crowd of Nazi Germans about the idea of exterminating the Jewish people. After the speech the extract continues to show white, "pure" german children and adults who supposedly belonged to Germany. The narration says that these are the future of Germany. This sort of propaganda was shown to many Germans that year as a way to convince them that the Jewish only brought diseases and took jobs from the pure German race. This is significant as it was used to support Hitlers idea of "alien races" and that the German race was superior to the Jewish race. Hitler was responsible in creating this idea of abolishing the Jewish race. This film was approved by Hitler as a way of convincing the public to comprehend his reasons for wanting to exterminate jews. This idea would soon lead to the Holocaust and essentially into the Nazi Human Experimentations. Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill. Atlantic charter. Jan. 1. 194. Web.

This document outlines the 8 principles of the Atlantic Charter which were the Allies goals for post World War Two. This is important as it contains the four freedoms Franklin D. Roosevelt proclaimed in his State of Union Address. They made freedom universal and necessary for the end to war. Through these Four Freedoms Human Rights became significantally universal and influenced the creation of the United Nations as well as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. Gardner, Richard N. "Eleanor Roosevelt's Legacy: Human Rights." The New York Times. 10 Dec. 1948: Print. This article published in the New York Times the same day the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted highlights Eleanor Roosevelts role in supervising and contributing to the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Her involvement was very significant as she was influenced by her husbands four freedoms and took that into consideration whilst supervising the UDHR. This article demonstrates her important role as people rose to highlight her importance. This article as mentions some of the clauses in the document and explains each one. This helped me understand each clause better. This article helps me form my argument about reasons why each clause was important. Hanauske-Abel, Hartmut M. "Not a Slippery Slope or Sudden Subversion: German Medicine and National Socialism in 1933." BMJ: British Medical Journal 313(7070): 1453-1463. 7 December 1996. This photograph demonstrates the Nazi Doctors performing the Freezing Experiment on a victim of the Nazi Human Experimentations during World War two. I used this for my website in order to show that there is evidence of the experiments being performed on victims of the Nazi Human Experimentations. This is significant as you can see the victim is being submerged in water with a suit by two Doctors and the victim appears unable to refuse the experiment. Seeing this really allows people to see that these experiments did occur and the fact that it is being performed on a person shows how inhumane these experiments were. The victim is not respected in any way during these experiments. Photographs like these made the public at the time realize that Humans had Rights that should be universally known. Heintz, Stephen. The Role of NGOs in Modern Societies and an Increasingly Interdependept World. 2006. Annual Conference of the Institute for Civil Society Zongshan University. Guangzhou, China, Guangzhou, China. Web. This speech given by the President of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund which is a Fund that concentrates on social change for a just, peaceful and sustainable world, focuses this a part of his speech to outline the role of NGOs in Modern society and their effectiveness. This is significant as NGOs are a

staple part of the overall goal of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was to create a more peaceful world. NGOs contribute to their effectiveness by working in diverse ways to benefit a societys welfare. In this manuscript the President outlines the goals of the NGOs and how they change the society. Hitler, Adolf, quoted in N H Baynes, The Speeches of Adolf Hitler, Oxford University Press, 1942, Volume I, pp.735 In this speech by Adolf Hitler (the Fuehrer of Germany) at the Nuremberg Party Conference in 1938, Hitler directly answers the repeated question, of why Hitlers Germany still fights to eliminate the Jewish race, in front of a large crowd. His answer is specifically that National Socialists can never allow an alien race to take the place of their working people. This specific sentence is proof of how Hitler was convinced of this idea that Jews werent people, he believed that since they werent humans they should also not be treated like humans. He saw them as an invasion to his creation of a strong, "pure" Germany. This is significant because since Hitler had this point of view, he shared it with all the Nazis in Germany making them believe this idea as well. This was the start of what would soon lead to the Nazi Human Experimentations on the Jews. The Nazi Doctors would create this notion in their minds that experimenting on Jews was normal because they arent humans anyways. This has a huge significance into one of the reasons as to why the Experiments were carried out. Hitler Speaks about the Jews. Hitler. YouTube. 11 Sept. 2011. Web. This video is an extract of Hitler giving a speech about the Jews during his role as Fuehrer of Germany. He is specifically speaking about the Jews and their influence on society. He mentions that they are able to travel anywhere and make business. He however, does not agree with that. His influence on Nazi Germany was great, this ideology of the Jews spread across Nazi Germany and eventually led to killings of Jews as well as experimenting on them. This ideology is significant as it began what would become known as the Final Solution. The killings of Jews and other minorities were seen as the public after World War two as brutal against the Human race. Hitler did not see them as equal and this idea of equality carried on into the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Kenton, John. Human Rights Declaration adopted by U.N. assembly. The New York Times. 10. Dec 1948. Print. Written on the front page of the New York Times on the day the Human Rights Declaration was adopted, this article outlines the main events that occurred during the voting procedure of the document in the U.N. Assembly. It also states the further plans of the United Nations after the document. Being

a journalist, Kenton John wrote this article to inform the audience that the document was adopted rather than offer an opinion of any sort. It was interesting to learn that after the final vote the document was called one of the most outstanding achievements of the United Nations. The article even stated a quote that mentioned how the document was a hope, guidance and inspiration to people everywhere. This is significant as this article helped me witness the great satisfaction many people, who accepted or created the document, felt from this achievement. They saw it as something that would help people become more aware and hopeful for a better future after World War two. It was seen as a big responsibility in hopefully maintaining peace throughout nations. Human Rights were now visible to everyone and this document helped the people see the U.N. actually pursuing to make a change in the world. Kor, Eva. Personal interview. 15 Dec. 2013. Eva Mozes Kor was a Survivor of the Holocaust and experienced the Nazi Human Experimentations. She is a twin and was put into a concentration camp during World War Two because she was a Jew. Since she was a twin, Mengele used her as part of his human experimentations on twins and was thus exposed her to lots of chemicals which she still does not know the content of to this day. She is a strong supporter of Human Rights as well and firmly believes in forgiveness in order to restore peace and equality throughout our world. Through her, I was able to understand the reasoning behind the Nazis Human Experimentations and her reasoning for advocating Forgiveness as a strong and necessary part of our Human Rights. Paragraph 175. Web. Modified in 1935. This paragraph was part of the German Criminal Code in 1871 and stated that homosexual acts between males were a crime. In 1935, The Nazi regime modified this Paragraph 175 to allow the nazis to convict any "lewd act". Through this they were able to send homosexuals to concentration camps. This is significant as it proves how rights of people were taken away and limited during the Nazi regime. Also, this allowed for them to exterminate yet another group of people based on their sexuality. This increased genocide and thus gave yet another reason for a global involvement after World War Two. To further secure those rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Roosevelt, Franklin D. Four Freedoms Speech Original document. 1 June 1941. Web. This speech delivered by Franklin D. Roosevelt to the congress outlined four important freedoms. These. Freedoms are very important as they were interpreted as a viable reason in which the second world war was to be

fought. These. Four freedoms essentially opened the door to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and inspired a global community to act against inhumane acts. This is also significant as these freedoms became the fundamental terms with which peace, equality and justice could be established. They were seen as the building blocks for all these responsibilities in the future. United Nations. "Preamble to the United Nations." June. 26. 1945. Web. This preamble really summarizes the United Nations' goals for the future by emphasizing the necessity for freedom as well as Human Eights for everyone everywhere. These were significant in preventing the horrors of the Second World War which ended in 1945. It was also important for Government and Non-Governmental organizations' efforts created by the United Nations to uphold this mission. This is meant to re-establish equality and peace throughout the world for further generations. United Nations General Assembly. "Convention on the Prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide." Dec. 9.1948. Web. This document defined genocide and listed punishable acts. In doing so, this helped to reinsure justice by holding those who impose inhuman acts accountable for their own actions. This is significant as it is making it an actual law to punish genocide. After World War Two it was important to define genocide and make it an actual criminal act since millions died because of genocide during the Holocaust. It became significant in preventing such massive murder from occurring again. It also ensures justice which is an important aspect in maintaining Human Rights. United Nations General Assembly. "The Universal Declaration of Human Rights". Adopted December 10, 1948. Original Document. Web. This was the document that outlined our basic Human Rights in which it promoted Peace, security and Equality amongst all Human Beings. This document was very significant in my topic because it allowed me to highlight and learn from the Clauses of the document. I was able to take some of the clauses for my topic to prove the UNs decision to promote these freedoms outlined by Franklin D. Roosevelt in the Four Freedoms Speech. "Universal Declaration of Human Rights." Letter to Maude Gray. 9 Dec. 1948. Paris. Here Eleanor Roosevelt personally writes to Maude Gray the day before the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted. Being the person who oversaw the drafting of the Human Rights declarations, Eleanor Roosevelt

shares her personal thoughts on the next day and her assumptions as to which countries will not accept the adoption of the document. She also mentions that it is non-binding but that it carries moral weight. This is significant in proving that the Eleanor Roosevelt did not expect each country to abide to it neither was that her main goal, her main goal was for the rights to be engraved morally into every person. She believed that these Rights should no longer be hidden, but rather be visible to every breathing human. This letter demonstrates her devotion to the Human Rights and faith in its achievement to change the minds of humans everywhere.

Secondary Sources (22) Astor, Gerald. The "last" Nazi: The Life and times of Dr. Josef Mengele. New York: Donald I. Fine, 1985. Print. Being a war veteran himself as well as a journalist and author, Astor analyzes reasoning behind why Dr. Josef Mengele carried out these experiments. He concludes that there is no proof of his past that proves why he carried out such evil acts and that neither his education nor his childhood showed any signs of this. It was interesting to learn that Mengele never showed any sign of a man who could be capable of destroying so many lives. I also learned how he was in charge of who was sent to the gas chambers. This book is significant as it offers insight into Mengeles past and also his life after the war. It was helpful in my research as I was able to conclude the idea that Mengele did not respect the rights of many victims and neither was he aware of them as these experiments were performed based on the idea that the "patients" were humans, but rather a freakish race that had no worth. Barondess, Jeremiah A. "Medicine against society: lessons from the Third Reich."JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association 276.20 (1996): 1657+.General OneFile. Web. 5 Dec. 2013. Jeremiah A. Barondess is a professor who looks at the ethics of the Nazi Medical Experimentations against the inferior race during The Third Reich. It looks explicitly at how medicine was used against society rather than helps it. This was significant in my topic because it outlines yet another reason why the UN took up the UDHR and other conventions in order to protect further genocide as well as torture and allow or rather let people have access to freedom from want and fear, mentioned in Roosevelt's Four Freedoms Speech.

Chang, Iris. The Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten Holocaust of World War II. New York, NY: Basic, 1997. Print. This book discusses the Rape of Nanking which is also known as the Nanking Massacre and explains its similarity to the Holocaust since it also included brutal atrocities on innocent victims. This is significant in explaining how the atrocities of World War Two were horrors that the Allies decided needed to be prevented for further generations to live in peace. Human Rights became important to many nations to create equality and prevent such horrors from occurring again. "Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum." Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. Web. 10 Dec. 2013. This website offers valuable information about Franklin D. Roosevelt, especially about his Four Freedoms speech. This speech was also known as his State of Union Address and is the reason for the U.S. involvement in World War two. I was able to clearly understand the concept of his speech and the importance of it after looking over this website. It offers valuable quotes from his speech and discusses his four freedoms. This all helped me to form my argument of the Four Freedoms being significant in Human Rights and evolving their meaning even further. It is reliable as it is the website for the actual Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum and even has some valuable resources which support their articles. Glendon, Mary Ann. A World Made New: Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. New York, N.Y.: Random House Trade Paperbacks, 2001. Print. Eleanor Roosevelt, one of the main creators of the UDHR, takes on this challenge to create a document that would allow us our own personal freedom based on the idea that religion and culture did not matter. This book emphasizes the creators' intentions to create such an important document after what was revealed from World War two. Diaries and Letters in this book offer evidence of the creators vision and process in making the UDHR. The significance of the UDHR and Roosevelts role in its creation highlight the struggle the horrors of World War two cast and the motivation most people had for personal peace around the world. Being a Harvard Law professor, Marry Ann Glendon devotes her life to teaching and writing about Human Rights. I found it interesting how she focused to write an inspirational story of the creation of the UDHR and focused specifically on the creators' journey that helped created a document that holds a right for every human being in our world.

Gutman, Israel. Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Vol. 1. New York: Macmillan Pub., 1990. Print. This encyclopedia article on Extermination Camps focuses on what the Extermination Camps were, the different types, where exactly they were located and why they were used. This is significant in history as it informs us of the cruel ways Jews were murdered only because of their race. The fact that it explains why they were murdered is a realization of our responsibility to maintain the Human Rights policy of everyone being created equal, regarding race or gender. We as humans have Rights that we didnt witness before in History, yet with the Human Rights Declaration created after World War two we have acknowledged these because of historic events such as Extermination Camps. This is a reliable source as it was written using many other sources, including books. It is also in the encyclopedia which makes it non-biased and was written to explain Extermination Camps rather than write against or for them. Gutman, Israel. Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. Vol. 1. New York: Macmillan Pub., 1990. Print. This Encyclopedia article about Gas Chambers was written to inform us on what Gas chambers were and how they were used in World War two. It also helps us to realize their difference to extermination camps. This is significant as it is proof of how science was misused in history to kill off a race that was unexpected by the Nazis. Since the Nazis came up with the idea of these Gas Chambers, they hold the responsibility for these killings and took away many rights of innocent people. This source is reliable as it was written in the Encyclopedia using many other sources and was written to inform us rather than debate the topic of Gas chambers. It solely offers an insight into what they were and why they were made. "History of Natural Law & Basic Freedoms, Cyrus the Great: United for Human Rights."History of Natural Law & Basic Freedoms, Cyrus the Great: United for Human Rights. Web. 20 Nov. 2013. This website gives a brief history and background of our Human Rights. It has important dates and events in which Human Rights were established and fought for. This was especially significant for my Human Rights history page as it offered a detailed and clear description of important events in history. From here I was able to form my presentation/powerpoint to show how Human Rights have evolved over history in different areas of the world at different periods in time. It is very reliable because it is made by a non-profit organization which is dedicated to protecting our Human Rights. It also offers reliable resources to help form its facts.

"Human Rights Conference 2013." Amnesty International USA. Web. 20 Dec. 2013. Amnesty International is another non-governmental organization set up by the United Nations under the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This organization protects the Human Right of freedom as well as equality through campaigns, issues and donations. This website is part of the actual organization and offers insight into their work, cases and victories. It significantly proves their mission of protecting Human Rights globally and also offers reliable resources. "Human Rights Watch." Human Rights Watch | Defending Human Rights Worldwide. Web. 05 Dec. 2013. This is a non-governmental organization that works to establish the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Through this organization I was significantly able to find out how and in what particular ways it has been involved in protecting our Human Rights outlined in the document. It was significant in establishing my responsibility argument part of my project. It is a reliable source because it is part of the actual organization itself and provides information on events and facts that show its work. Koren, Yehuda, and Eilat Negev. "How the Seven Dwarfs of Auschwitz Fell under the Spell of Dr Death: The Hideous Experiments Carried out by Nazi Josef Mengele on Seven Trusting Brothers and Sisters." Mail Online.15 Feb. 2013. Web. Willingly, Dr. Josef Mengele saved the lives of these seven dwarfs only to carry out numerous experiments that could help him solve his case on dwarfism. Not only were they experimented on and living in unhealthy conditions, they were forced to be naked examples of degenerated jews to a large crowd. Going against moral rights, this article significantly demonstrates another one of Dr. Josef Mengeles horrible experiments. Although saved from gas chambers, these dwarves lived to recount their horrible experiences. I learned that Mengele reasoned all of this by saying he was conducting important genetic research and became infamous for his motivation to carry out unimaginable experiments. Writing an article, Yehuda and Negev were writing to inform of one of the most famous cruel stories of Mengeles experiments through interviews with the surviving victims. This is significant as Dr. Josef Mengele was driven to try and prove that Jews were freakish and used his experiments to carry out deadly tests.

Lagnado, Lucette M., and Sheila C. Dekel. Children of the Flames: Dr Josef Mengele and the Untold Story of the Twins of Auschwitz. New York, N.Y.: William Morrow &, 1991.Print. This book looks specifically into the Nazi Human Experimentation of twins, which were the infamous Nazi Doctor Josef Mengeles favored victims. As these were the most targeted victims of the Nazi Human Experimentations during World War two. This book offers more knowledge about the specific kinds of Human Experimentation carried out and how they affected certain victims targeted by it. The Rights that were taken away from the victims are clearly seen here and is significant in helping us realize our Rights. Luccette Lagnado is a reporter for the Wall Street Journal and a Jewish herself who wrote this book with one-on-one interviews with survivors. Lewis, Jone Johnson. "Eleanor Roosevelt and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights." About.com. Human Rights Commission, United Nations. Web. This gives a general idea of Eleanor Roosevelts presence during the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Published on About.com, the author gives a neutral view of her role and solely describes her role. This was significant as I was able to understand her role in the creation of the UDHR better and base my argument off of that as her influence in the document is significant. It is significant as she had much control and inspired many of its clauses and aims. Understanding her aims and role in its creation helped me realize why these aims were implemented and for what reasons. I could then make a clearer connection between the Nazi Human Experimentations. Lifton, Robert Jay. The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide. New York: Basic, 1986. Print. In this book, the author Jay Lifton (an American Psychiatrist) analyzes the minds of both the Nazi Doctors who carried out the experiments and the victims of these cruel acts. Through extensive interviews he gains insight into the reasoning behind these Human Experimentations carried out at concentration camps during World War two. Through the victims he learns of the traumatic and physical pain they endured. Seeing as the author did one-on-one interviews with the Nazi Doctors and victims, it was helpful in understanding different views of people who actually lived through it. It helped me acknowledge that the Human Rights, that at the time were not legally established, were misused because of a certain logic the Nazis adapted that made them feel superior to a specific race. Being a Psychiatrist, Robert Liftons book is reliable as he is not biased and he wrote this book solely to allow readers to understand his analysis of the minds of both sides to the experimentations.

Morsink, Johannes. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Origins, Drafting, and Intent. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, 1999. Print Written by Johannes Morsink (a professor), this book seeks to inform on the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It follows a chronological order that explains the process, as well as the reasoning for creating such an important document. The UDHR was created on the basis of preventing horrors such like the Holocaust from occurring once more. It is based off of Franklin D. Roosevelts four views of freedom and was a significant document in reinforcing hope and security amongst people after the second World War. In learning more about the formation, the responsibility of this document for all humans is more appreciated. Being a professor interested in political philosophy, Morsink gives courses and does extensive research on Human Rights, which is professionally visible through this book. Nazi Experiment Survivor Eva Mozes Kor Speaks at Clarkson University." YouTube. YouTube, 09 Oct. 2012. Web. 28 Sept. 2013. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHZbiqMYb1M>. Being a survivor of the Nazi Human Experimentations carried out on twins by Dr. Josef Mengele, Eva Mozes Kor tells a brief history of her experience in the Nazi Concentration camps as a human guinea pig to Dr. Josef Mengeles experiments. She mentions her right to now be free and forgive the Nazis. She mentions some rights that were violated during the time and how she was treated which is significant as it has affected our acknowledgement to the Human Rights and reminds the world of the acts that occurred. Hearing her account of her own suffering helps us realize the issue we have to protect our Human Rights. The fact that the Nazi Human Experimentations happened only around 70 years ago, helps the world realize the importance of maintaining our rights in history. This source is reliable as it it told by a survivor herself, who is seen in the video and was published to youtube by Clarkson University who invited Eva Kor to speak. It is a strong source as it is proof, by a survivor, of the experimentations that occurred in the Nazi Concentration Camp. "Never Again Starts Here." United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Web. 02 Dec. 2013. This website is dedicated to research and facts about the Holocaust. It is the website of a famous museum in the United States which is devoted specifically to the Holocaust. It has significant details on the various events leading up to the Holocaust as well as concentration camps etc. This was very useful as I was able to understand many events more and I was also able to look at research they had done and videos or audios they have able online. This really allowed me to form my Nazi Atrocities argument page. It lists specific dates of events which also makes it easier to grasp an idea of

how the chronological order of events occurred. This source is reliable because it is the website of a historical museum and has valuable resources that prove its facts.

Rust, Eric C. "The Twisted Road to Auschwitz: Nazi Policy Toward German Jews, 1933-1939." Journal of Church and State Summer 1992: 608-609. General OneFile. Web. 5 Dec. 2013. This book was written by a History Professor who analyzes the steps during Hitler's regime to Auschwitz. He starts off from when Hitler first became the Chancellor of Germany and progresses throughout his regime to Hitler's Final Solution of certain groups in Auschwitz. This was very significant in my research as I was able to learn about Hitler's decisions and actions before Auschwitz. Being that Auschwitz was the biggest concentration camp where millions were killed this was significant in my topic because it showed Hitlers view of an Alien Race and placing the Germans as an inferior race which is emphasized greatly in the UDHR as an important aspect for preventing in order to reach equality. Smith, Amanda. "E. Roosevelt and The Struggle for Human Rights: A NeoAristotelian Analysis." UT Tyler Speech Communication. 18 Mar. 2004. Web. 11 Nov. 2013. This Article's first two parts discuss Eleanor Roosevelt and her important role during the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It also highlights her background. This information was significant during my project as I was able to see where her ideas of equal rights and Human Rights possibly came from. Her role as First Lady to President Franklin D. Roosevelt helped her grow and become influential in her work. This influence and inspiration she had allowed her to take position as supervisor of the creation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. This is significant as many of her decisions and thoughts were essentially carried out onto the document and eventually influenced much of its outcome so knowing about her role and background helps to get an idea of where those idea could have come from and why she used them during her supervision of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The Story of Human Rights." Annual International Human Rights Summit 2012. Youth for Human Rights, n.d. Web. 28 Sept. 2013. <http://www.youthforhumanrights.org/> This documentary focuses solely on how the Human Rights were created in terms of its history. This is important as not many people can define what Human Rights specifically mean, nor do many people know why they were made. This video touches on specific periods in history where Human Rights

were violated to help the audience to understand its significance in our present world. The Human Rights is a natural right that we should all be entitled to, however as seen in this video they have been mistreated in many eras throughout history and with the Declaration of Human Rights, every human acknowledges their rights as humans. Now more and more countries are aware of the Human Rights. This documentary is reliable as it was made by the Youth For Human Rights which is a non-profit Organization which was founded by Dr. Mary Shuttleworth (an educator) in 2001, who herself witnessed the lack of Human Rights in her home in South Africa. Their primary goal is to educate people on Human Rights through conferences, workshops and documentaries. Their focus is on why each Human Right is important and what responsibilities it plays in our daily lives and in this world in general. The United Nations. "History of the Document." UN News Center. UN, n.d. Web. 28 Sept. 2013. <http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/history.shtml> This article on the UN website, speaks directly about the history of the birth of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The fact that they were created as a cause of what happened during World War two, not only in battle, but also the tragedies behind that helps us realize why we strive to keep the responsibilities of those rights. Written by the UN itself, this is a reliable source coming from the home of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It was written solely to inform us on the history of the document and offers historical insight into why they were written. Yin, James, Young Shi, and Ron Dorfman. The Rape of Nanking: An Undeniable History in Photographs. Chicago, IL: Innovative Pub. Group, 1997. Print. This history of the Nanking Massacre really shows how brutal and inhumane the massacre was through photographs as well as through a brief history of important atrocities conducted by Japanese forces. This is significant as it shows how atrocities were committed in the Far East and not just in Nazi Germany. Therefore, Allies found it important to condemn these actions through the International Military Tribunals. Efforts to further prevent such became important after these atrocities were brought to trial.