Modal Verbs

I. Rewrite the italicized sentences, keeping the idea of probability: 1. Probably it was already late. It might be already late. 2. Im sure you are cold. You must be cold. . !here are the "th form pupils now# $hey are not in the classroom. Im sure they are having their P.E. lesson in the gym. $hey must ha%e been in the gym on their &.' lesson. (. She has probably worked %ery hard to pass the e)am. *he has had to work %ery hard to pass the e)am. +. ,e is a %ery e)perienced worker. Im sure he has been working here for 2- years at least. ,e must be working here for 2- years at least. .. /ook0 I can see light in 1ary2s window. I feel sure she is at home. *he must be home now. 3. $he 4rowns ha%e ne%er been early risers. Im sure they are still sleeping. $hey must be sleeping now . 5. Probably they have changed the programme. $he pianist is playing a piece which hasn2t been announced. $hey must ha%e changed the programme. II. 6ill in the blanks with must, or the future or past tense of have to: 1. I 7ha%e to write to my father today. 2. !hy did he go to town last 6riday# 4ecause he must7 take the car to the garage. . If he buys a car he must7 learn to dri%e. (. You must be punctual tonight. '%erybody will be late. +. !hen he changed his 8ob, he 7ha%e to mo%e to another town. .. If it is raining, we must7 take a ta)i. 3. If you take the e)am this year, you 7do not ha%e to take it ne)t year. 5. You must7 help your father today. !hy# I had to7 help him only yesterday. III. Rephrase the following sentences using modal %erbs or phrases: 1. I ha%e probably read this book. You know the main characters. 2. It is possible for them to be at home now. . $hey are probably at home now. (. You do not ha%e my permission to smoke here. +. You are forbidden to smoke here. .. It is impossible for them to be at school. 3. It is impossible for them to ha%e gone swimming this morning9 it was rather cold. 5. :m I permitted to borrow your %ase, ;hancellor !illiams# <eff, am I allowed to ask her to come, too# ". You are forbidden to talk to this witness. 1-. You are not re=uired to attend this meeting. 11. $he deputy head is not permitted to in%estigate this theft. 12. $he dustman is forbidden to sweep your yard. 1 . It is possible for the principal to e)pel all of you tomorrow. 1(. It is possible for the librarian to help you but I2m not %ery sure about this.

1+. *te%e is at the seaside now. ,e is probably ha%ing a wonderful time there. 1.. *te%e probably had a good time last night. 13. I promise you that you will pass the e)am. 15. It is not necessary for 1iss ;ora to ac=uire this course. 1". 1iss ;ora is forbidden to %isit our library. 2-. It is possible for your students to be sunbathing as we speak. I>. $ranslate into 'nglish using modal %erbs where%er possible: 1. 'ste posibil ca ei s? comenteze pe marginea acestui e%eniment acum. $hey may comment on this e%ent now. 2. &robabil c? ei dez%olt? aceast? idee acum. $hey must be de%eloping this idea now. . 'ste imposibil ca turi@tii s? schieze An acest moment. $he tourists must not ski at this time. (. Bmi permiteCi s? %orbesc cu d%s.# 1ay i speak with you# +. 1iDaCi permite s? @terg aceast? caset?# 1ight i delete this bo) # .. :i obligaCia s? faci la dreapta acum. You must do to the right now. 3. $rebuie s? ACi faci tema, AntrucEt profesorul te %a asculta luni. You ha%e to do your homework, because the teacher will listen on 1onday. 5. :ceast? semn?tur? este probabil falsificat?, dac? o folose@te poliCia ca do%ad? Ampotri%a lui. $his signature it might be falsifying, if the police used it as e%idence against him. ". ;e face socrul t?u# &robabil A@i preg?te@te cina. !hat does your father in law# ,e must be preparing dinner. 1-. &robabil c? bunicul t?u a luptat An al Foilea R?zboi 1ondial. Your grandfather may ha%e fought in the *econd !orld !ar. 11. &robabil e la biroul s?u, completEnd formulare, cum face zilnic. ,e may be filling in forms in his office as do daily . 12. $oCi participanCii la aceast? Antrunire trebuie s? ia cu%Entul. :ceasta este decizia mea. :ll the participants of this meeting must speak. $his is my decision. 1 . Gu e cu putinC? ca acest disc s? fie nou9 pare plin de zgErieturi. 1(. 'ste posibil ca p?rinCii lui s? se certe An acest moment. ,is parents may be arguing now. 1+. 'ste posibil ca $im s? fi fugit de acas? alalt?ieri. $om may ha%e run away from home the day before yesterday.