The 4G Quagmire

LTE Vs WiMAX
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Introduction
Mobile systems were introduced in the
1970s
First Generation(1G)
Second Generation(2G)
2.5G
Third Generation(3G)
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First Generation (1G)
Analog technology
Used mainly for voice
Nordic Mobile Telephone(NMT) Nordic Countries
Total Access Communications System(TACS) -UK
Advanced Mobile Phone System(AMPS) US
J apanese Total Access Communications Systems
(J TACS) - J apan
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Second Generation (2G)
Introduced in 1980s
Digital technology
Still used mainly for voice
Global System for Mobile Communications(GSM) -
Europe
Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA)
Code Division Multiple Access(CDMA) - US
Personal Digital Cellular(PDC) - J apan
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2.5G
Design began in 1985, executed in 1999
Enhancement of 2G
Acting step between 2G and 3G
Data channels optimized for packet data
Included a packet network
Bandwidth of 384kbps
2G CDMA 14.4kbps
2G GSM 9.6kbps
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2.5G compatibility issues
General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)
Enhanced Data Rates for GSM
Evolution(EDGE)
CDMA 2000 1xRTT
High Speed Circuit-Switched Data (HSCSD)
GSM EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN)
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Third Generation (3G)
Design began in 1990
Implemented in 2002
Wideband Code Division Multiple
Access(WCDMA)
CDMA2000
Bandwidth of up to 2Mbps
Core network mainly packet
Still a need for faster data(evdo)
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Setbacks of 3G
Problems with handoff between 2G and
3G
Service delivery problems
Complexity of WCDMA
Availability and cost of 3G devices
Poor battery life
Overweight devices
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Fourth Generation
Networks(4G)
4G will solve the setbacks of 3G
It will encompass not only cellular
telephony but also broadband wireless
access communication systems
Increased data rates, enhanced
multimedia services and greater
compatibility
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MAGIC
Mobile Multimedia
Anytime Anywhere
Global Mobility Support
Integrated Wireless Solution
Customized Personal Service
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Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiple Access (OFDMA)
One Slot (T
slot
= 0.5ms, 7 OFDM symbols)
12 sub-carriers, 180 kHz
One resource block (12x7 = 84
resource elements)
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3GPP Long Term Evolution
(LTE)
Commenced in 2004
Enhances the Universal Terrestrial Radio
Access Network (UTRAN) E-UTRAN
Based on 3GPP Release 8
Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) and
Time Division Duplexing (TDD)
Extremely Cost effective way to bring the
broadband experience to users
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Architecture
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Worldwide Interoperability for
Microwave Access (WiMAX)
IEEE WirelessMAN air interface standard
(802.16 )
Non line-of-Sight
Low delivery cost
High quality cameras with built in WiMAX
Game consoles
Music players
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Architecture
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A little Sibling Rivalry
LTE Vs WiMAX
Core Network
Access Technology
Frequency band
Bit-rate/ site
Channel Bandwidth
Cell radius
Cell Capacity
Spectral Efficiency
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LTE Vs WiMAX
Mobility
Legacy
Roaming Framework
Standard completed
Initial Deployment
Mass market
Politics
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Conclusion
4G networks will improve on structures
already in place
It will use ip-based protocols
It will involve flat, distributed network
architectures with less types of network
nodes and interfaces
LTE will have the upper hand
WiMAX or LTE. HSPDA while we wait
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