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warning systems.
Likewise, there ought to be similar traditions and knowledge drawn from generations of
experience with natural hazards among the various communities. Surely, the wisdom and
knowledge varies according to culture, locations, and types of hazards, and digging up such
secrets will bode well for the safety of next generations. Amongst our elders there are those
who remember of warnings against enjoying a picnic or a swim at the Sg. Tua river streams
even though the weather was perfectly fine and there are no overt signs of anything unusual.
Stories abound of sudden floods and rivers overflowing their banks due to rain deep inland.
Obviously those knowledgeable in reading the signs knew of the impending hazards and thus
able to provide early warning to their communities.
Nowadays we rely more on technology to predict and provide us with the early
warnings. Central to this approach is the communication network and the community’s
participation[iii]. In this age of technology, the system can easily adapt to existing
communications already installed e.g. tv, radio, telephone (fixed, mobile). Other alternatives
come into play e.g. sirens, beduk (wooden drum) as last resort.
There are several reasons why we encourage the formation of community based early warning
systems. Such system allows local authorities and communities to protect themselves against the
hazards involved, e.g. floods. Who else in a better position to undertake preparedness measures
against floods if not the local communities and the local authorities?. Locally organized action
in this direction will give the stakeholders a sense of ownership, making it readily easy to
maintain[ii].
In the earlier post I mentioned that areas affected by natural hazards can set the foundation for
local risk mapping. Communities falling within the areas mapped out share similar risks and
somewhat bonded through the same threats. Despite similar experiences through repeated
seasonal hazards, the catalyst and stimulus to prompt local communities to act come from
outside. Coordination of early warning system whilst targeting locally organised actions works
best when initiated by an external party. In this context the Red Cross/Red Crescent have an
important role to play in setting the stage for community based early warning system. Other
NGOs dealing with humanitarian assistance have similar priorities in pushing for greater
awareness in the value of disaster preparedness.
References:-
[i] (Community-Based Warning Systems Effective in Reducing Victims of Disaster, May 26,
2009, Nurdin Hasan).
[ii] Community-Based Flood Early Warning Systems, Rosa T. Perez, Susan R. Espinueva and
Hilton Hernando, Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA)
[iii] Briefing Paper: Workshop on The science and practice of flood disaster management in
urbanizing Monsoon Asia/ 4-6 April 2007, Chiang Mai, Thailand
[iv] The future of community-based hazard information systems: Dr. Gordon Gow, Insights
from the Internet sharing economy.
[v] Regional Workshop on Mitigation, Preparedness and Development for Tsunami Early
Warning Systems in the Indian Ocean Region, Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 June 2006
[vi] People-Centred Community-based Early Warning Systems, Ulrich Cronenberg, IFRC
Representative and German Red Cross Director for Disaster Management, at the Third UN Early
Warning Conference, in Bonn, 28 March 2006