Middle East 5 Index

700
Index
ABBREVIATIONS
ACT Australian Capital
Territory
NSW New South Wales
NT Northern Territory
Qld Queensland
SA South Australia
Tas Tasmania
Vic Victoria
WA Western Australia
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A
Aanjar (Leb) 453-4
Abu Simbel (E) 143-4
Abyaneh (Irn) 211
accommodation 637-8, see also
individual locations
Egypt 170
Iran 242
Israel & the Palestinian Territories
344-5
Jordan 399
Lebanon 454
Libya 499-500
Syria 549
Turkey 629
activities 638-43, see also individual
activities
Egypt 170
Iran 242
345-6
Jordan 399
Lebanon 454-5
Libya 500
Turkey 630
Aegean coast (T) 578-93, 579
Afrodisias (T) 590-1
Aglikia Island (E) 143
Ahmed Pasha Karamanli Mosque
(Lib) 474
Ahvaz (Irn) 209
ahwas, see coffeehouses
air travel, see also individual locations
air fares 658-60
airlines 657-8
Egypt 176, 177
Iran 250, 251
Iraq 269
355, 356
Jordan 404, 406
Lebanon 458-9
Libya 504-5
Syria 553, 554
to/from the Middle East 657-60
Turkey 634, 635
within the Middle East 665-6
Ajlun (J) 379
Akko (I & PT) 313-16, 314
Aksu (T) 605
Alamut (Irn) 206
Alanya (T) 606-7
Al-Aqsa Mosque (I & PT) 289, 7
Al-Arish (E) 169-70
Al-Aweinat (Lib) 497
Al-Azhar Mosque (E) 104
Al-Bara (S) 544
Al-Bayda (Lib) 485
Alborz Mountains (Irn) 197-8, 206
Aleppo (S) 535-43, 536-7, 539, 11
Alexander the Great 38-9, 94, 180, 359
Alexandria (E) 117-23, 118
Ali, Mohammed 43-4
Alibey Island (T) 582
Al-Kharga (E) 144-6
Al-Khoms (Lib) 478-9
Al-Masharia (J) 380
Al-Omari Mosque (Leb) 422
Al-Qasr (E) 146-7
Al-Quseir (E) 156-7
Al-Saraya al-Hamra (Lib) 473
Amadiya (Irq) 265
Amasra (T) 616
Amasya (T) 609
American University of Beirut (AUB)
Museum (Leb) 421
Amman (J) 364-76, 366, 368, 370
accommodation 371-2
children, travel with 371
drinking 374
emergency services 367
entertainment 374-5
food 373-4
history 365
Internet access 367
itineraries 365
medical services 367
scams 369
shopping 375
tourist information 367
travel to/from 375-6
travel within 376
Amman Beach (J) 382
Anamur (T) 607
Anamurium (T) 607
Anatolia (T) 607-10, 615-29
Andimeshk (Irn) 208
Ani (T) 620
animals 80, 81, see also birds,
individual species
Jordan 364
Lebanon 415
Libya 470
Ankara (T) 607-9
An-Nahr Sinai (Lib) 83, 470
Antakya (T) 607
Antalya (T) 602-5, 603
Antep (T) 627-9, 628
Apamea (S) 535
Apollonia (Lib) 488
Aqaba (J) 395-9, 396
Arab people 48-9
Arabic 679-84
courses 171, 291, 347, 400, 550
351
Jordan 401
Lebanon 455
Libya 502
Arab-Israeli conflicts
1948 Arab-Israeli War 45
books on 46
in Israel & the Palestinian
Territories 35, 273-6
in Jordan 361
in Lebanon 412-13
Six Day War 46
Arad (I & PT) 330-1
Arafat, Yasser 47, 273, 274, 275,
338, 343
Arbil (Irq) 267
Arch of Ctesiphon (Irq) 262
ABBREVIATIONS
E Egypt
Irn Iran
Irq Iraq
I & PT Israel & the
Palestinian Territories
J Jordan
Leb Lebanon
Lib Libya
S Syria
T Turkey
archaeological sites, see individual
sites
architecture 60, 65-8
Berber 490
Iran 184
Lebanon 414
Libya 469
Turkey 561
Ardabil (Irn) 203
Ardakan (Irn) 221
Arg-e Bam (Irn) 235
Armenian people 49, 560
art galleries, see museums & galleries
arts 65-79, see also individual arts
Iran 184-5
Iraq 260
279-81
Jordan 363
Lebanon 414-15
Libya 469-70
Turkey 561-2
Arwad (S) 528
Aspendos (T) 605
al-Assad, Bashar 510
al-Assad, Hafez 509
Assasif Tombs (E) 129
Assos (T) 581-2
Assyrian empire 37
Astara (Irn) 204
Aswan (E) 137-43, 138, 140
Atatrk 560
ATMs 649
Egypt 173-4
Iran 246
351
Jordan 402
Lebanon 457
Libya 502
Syria 551
Turkey 632
Avanos (T) 613
Avdat National Park (I & PT) 331
Aya Sofya (T) 567, 12
Ayvalk (T) 582-3
Azim-e Gohar Shad Mosque (Irn)
67, 240
Azraq (J) 383-4
B
B&Bs
344
Baalbek (Leb) 451-3, 452, 9
Babylon (Irq) 262
Babylonian empire 37
Baghdad (Irq) 260-2
Bahariyya Oasis (E) 147-8
ballooning
Cappadocia (T) 611
Bam (Irn) 234-5
Bandar Abbas (Irn) 229-31, 230
Bandar Lengeh (Irn) 229
Banias Nature Reserve (I & PT) 327
bargaining
Egypt 174
Syria 551
Basilica of St Simeon (S) 544
basketball
278
Basra (Irq) 263-4
bathhouses, see hammams
bathrooms 653
Iran 248
352-3
Jordan 403
Libya 503
Turkey 633
Bawiti (E) 147-8
bazaars & souqs, see also individual
locations
Aleppo (S) 538, 11
Bazar-e Bozorg (Irn) 212-13
Grand Bazaar (T) 570
itineraries 33
Khan al-Khalili (E) 104
Souq al-Hamidiyya (S) 514
Spice Bazaar (T) 570
Tehran Bazar (Irn) 192
Tripoli (Leb) 439
Tripoli (Lib) 476
Bazargan (Irn) 199
Bcharr (Leb) 442-3
Bedouin people 48-9, 394
Beersheva (I & PT) 330
Behesht-e Zahra (Irn) 198
Behramkale (T) 581-2
Beirut (Leb) 417-31, 418-19, 422
accommodation 423-5
attractions 421-3
drinking 427-8
entertainment 428-30
festivals & events 423
food 425-7
history 417
Internet access 417-19
itineraries 420
medical services 419-20
shopping 430
tours 423
travel to/from 430
travel within 430-1
Beit Mary (Leb) 431
Beit Sahur (I & PT) 341
Beit Shean (I & PT) 319
Beit Shearim (I & PT) 313
Beiteddine Palace (Leb) 448-9
Bekaa Valley (Leb) 450-4
Benghazi (Lib) 482-5, 483
Bent Pyramid (E) 117
Berber people 49-50, 490
Bergama (T) 583
Bethany-Beyond-the-Jordan (J)
381
Bethlehem (I & PT) 339-41
Bible Lands Museum (I & PT) 291
Bibliotheca Alexandrina (E) 120, 5
bicycle travel, see cycling
bilharzia 676
birds 81
Jordan 364
Libya 470
bird-watching
Hula Lake (I & PT) 324
Bisotun (Irn) 207
Black Sea (T) 615-29
Blue Mosque (T) 567
boat cruises, see also felucca rides,
ferry travel
Alanya (T) 606
Ayvalk (T) 582
Dalyan (T) 596
Fethiye (T) 596-7
stanbul (T) 571
Ka (T) 600
Kekova Island (T) 600
Turkey 630
az (T) 600
boat travel, see boat cruises, felucca
rides, ferry travel
Bodrum (T) 591-3, 592
books 74, 75, see also literature
architecture 65, 66
arts 66, 69
cinema 69, 70, 71
culture 24, 47, 52, 64
environmental issues 82, 83
food 84, 86, 90
geography 80
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books continued
health 674
history 24, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44,
46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53, 60, 61, 62
Iran 242-3
Iraq 268
346
Jordan 399
Lebanon 455
Libya 500
religion 53, 54-5, 56, 57, 60, 61
travel 24
border crossings 660-2
to/from Egypt 176-7, 355-6, 505
to/from Iran 250-1, 634-5
to/from Iraq 404-5, 553
to/from Israel & the Palestinian
Territories 176, 177, 355-6, 405
to/from Jordan 176-7, 356, 404-6,
554
to/from Lebanon 459-60, 554
to/from Libya 177, 505
to/from Syria 405-6, 459, 553-4,
635
to/from Turkey 250-1, 459, 554,
634-5
Bosphorus, the (T) 571
Bosra (S) 522-3
Broummana (Leb) 431
Bursa (T) 577-8
bus travel 667-8, 671, see also
Egypt 176, 177-8
Iran 251-2
356-7
Jordan 404-5, 406, 407, 408
Lebanon 459-60, 461, 462
Libya 505
Syria 554-5
Turkey 635, 636
Bush, George 47, 258
Bush, George W 64, 343, 510
Bushehr (Irn) 227-8
business hours 643
Egypt 170-1
Iran 243
346-7, 351
Jordan 399
Lebanon 455
Libya 500
Syria 549
Turkey 630
Bykada (T) 572
Byblos (Leb) 434-7, 435, 9
C
Caesarea (I & PT) 313
Cairo (E) 96-117, 98-9, 102-3, 105, 109
accommodation 108-11
activities 108
attractions 101-8
drinking 106, 113-14
entertainment 114
food 106, 111-13
history 97
Internet access 100
itineraries 97
scams 101, 110
tours 108
travel within 116-17
calligraphy 72
camel treks 639
Dahab (E) 163
Eastern Desert (E) 157
Eilat Mountains (I & PT) 336
Nuweiba (E) 168
Wadi Rum (J) 394
camping 637
344
Turkey 629
anakkale (T) 578-9
Capernaum (I & PT) 322
Cappadocia (T) 610-15, 611
car travel 662-3, 668-70
carnet de passage 662
Egypt 178
Iran 252
355-6, 357
Jordan 407-8
Lebanon 460, 461-2
Libya 505-6
Syria 555
Turkey 636
Cardo (I & PT) 287-9
carpets 68, 69
Carpet Museum (Irn) 193
Jordan 363
Tehran (Irn) 195
Turkey 561-2
cash, see money
Castles of the Assassins (Irn) 206
Catacombs of Kom ash-Shuqqafa
(E) 120
cedar trees 442
eme (T) 585-6
Chak Chak (Irn) 221
Chalus (Irn) 198-9
Chteau Ksara (Leb) 451
Chehel Soltun Palace (Irn) 214
Cheops, Pyramid of (E) 106
Chephren, Pyramid of (E) 106
Amman (J) 371
Beirut (Leb) 423
Cairo (E) 108
Egypt 171
food 90-1
health 678
Iran 243
347
itineraries 34
Jerusalem (I & PT) 292
Libya 500
Syria 549-50
Choqa Zanbil (Irn) 209
Chouf Mountains (Leb) 448-50
Christianity 56-7, 58-9
Church of the Holy Sepulchre (I &
PT) 289
cinema 69-71, see also films
Egypt 69
Iran 70, 185
Iraq 71, 260
70-1, 280-1
Jordan 363
Lebanon 69-70, 414
Syria 71
Turkey 71, 561
iral (T) 601-2
City of David (I & PT) 290
civil war
Lebanon 410, 412
climate 22, 643-5
Egypt 93
Iran 180
Iraq 255
271
Jordan 359
Lebanon 410
Libya 464
Syria 508
Turkey 557
clothing 51, 655-6
Iran 249, 250
353-4
Jordan 404
Lebanon 458
Turkey 634
coffeehouses 88
Colossi of Memnon (E) 127
comics 73
conduct, see etiquette
conservation, see also environmental
issues
281
consulates, see embassies &
consulates
costs 22-4
Egypt 93
Iran 180
271
Jordan 359
Lebanon 410
Libya 464
Syria 508
Turkey 557
courses 645
Egypt 171
347
Jordan 400
Lebanon 455
Syria 550
Crac des Chevaliers (S) 529-31,
530, 11
credit cards 649-50
Egypt 173-4
Iran 246
351
Jordan 402
Lebanon 457
Libya 502
Syria 551
Turkey 632-3
Crusades, the 42, 61-2, 359
Ctesiphon (Irq) 262
culture 26, 36, 48-52, 53-7
books on 24, 47, 52, 64
Egypt 96
Iran 183-4
Iraq 260
Islam 58-64
276-8
Jordan 362-3
Lebanon 413-14
Libya 468-9
Syria 510
Turkey 560-1
current events 35-6
Egypt 96
Iran 182-3
Iraq 259-60
274-6
Jordan 362
Lebanon 413
Libya 467
Syria 510
Turkey 560
customs regulations 645
Iran 243
347
Jordan 400
Libya 500-1
Turkey 630
cycling 638, 666-7
Beirut (Leb) 423
Cappadocia (T) 611
356
Jordan 406
Ka (T) 600
Kish Island (Irn) 228
Lebanon 455, 460
Cyrene (Lib) 485-7, 486
Cyrus the Great 37, 38, 180, 255
D
Dahab (E) 162-6, 164
Dahshur (E) 117
Dakhla Oasis (E) 146-7
Daliyat al-Karmel (I & PT) 312
Dalyan (T) 596
Damascus (S) 510-22, 512-13
,
516-17
accommodation 515, 518-19
attractions 514-15
drinking 520
entertainment 521
food 519-20
Internet access 511
itineraries 511
maps 511
tours 515
travel within 522
Dana (J) 387-8
dance
280
Lebanon 415
dangers, see safety
Darat al-Funun (J) 371
Darband (Irn) 198
Dead Cities (S) 544
Dead Sea
327-9, 328
Jordan 381-3
Decorative Arts Museum of Iran
(Irn) 214
deep vein thrombosis 674
Deir al-Medina (E) 129
Deir al-Qalaa (Leb) 431
Deir al-Qamar (Leb) 449
Dendara (E) 136
desert castles (J) 383-4
diarrhoea 677
Dimona (I & PT) 331
diphtheria 675
disabled travellers 646-7
Egypt 171
348
Jordan 400
Libya 501
diseases 675-7
diving 639
Alanya (T) 606
Alexandria (E) 120
Aqaba (J) 395-6
Dahab (E) 163
Eilat (I & PT) 334
Hurghada (E) 154
Iran 242
346
Jordan 399
Ka (T) 600
Lebanon 454
Naama Bay (E) 160
Nuweiba (E) 168
Sharm el-Sheikh (E) 160
Turkey 630
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Diyarbakr (T) 623-4
Dizin Resort (Irn) 198
Doubayazt (T) 621-2, 622
Dohuk (Irq) 265
Dolmabahe Palace (T) 570
Dome of the Rock (I & PT) 67, 289, 7
Draghut Mosque (Lib) 474
drinks 87-8, see also wine
Iran 186
282-3
Jordan 364
Lebanon 416
Libya 471
Turkey 562-3
driving, see car travel
driving licence 669
Egypt 178
Iran 252
357
Jordan 407
Lebanon 461
Syria 555
Turkey 636
Druzean people 50
E
Eceabat (T) 580
Echmoun (Leb) 446
economy 36
Edfu (E) 137
Edirne (T) 576
Efes (T) 588, 589
Egypt 92-178, 94-5
accommodation 170
activities 170
business hours 170-1
climate 93
courses 171
culture 96
disabled travellers 171
embassies 172
fax services 174
festivals & events 172-3
gay travellers 173
history 93-6
holidays 173
lesbian travellers 173
money 92, 171, 173-4
planning 93
population 96
postal services 174
religion 96
tax 176
telephone services 174
travel within 177-8
visas 174-5
women travellers 175
Egyptian Museum (E) 101-4, 104
Egyptian empire 37
Eilat (I & PT) 332-6, 333
Ein Gedi National Park (I & PT) 328
El Alamein (E) 123-4
electricity
Egypt 171
Iran 242
345
Jordan 399
Lebanon 454
Libya 500
Syria 549
Turkey 629
Elephantine Island (E) 139
embassies & consulates 647
Egypt 172
Iran 244-5
Iraq 268
348-9
Jordan 400-1
Lebanon 455-6
Libya 501
Syria 550
Turkey 631
emergency services, see capital cities
En Avedat National Park (I & PT) 331
environmental issues 82-3, see also
conservation
Iran 185
Iraq 260
281-2
Jordan 364
Lebanon 415-16
Libya 470-1
Turkey 562
Ephesus (T) 588, 589
Ephesus Museum (T) 586
Erzurum (T) 618-20, 619
Esfahan (Irn) 211-17, 212, 6
Esna (E) 137
Ethnographical Museum (Irn) 192
etiquette, see also clothing
food 90
Iran 183, 249, 250
Israel 277
Jordan 404
Lebanon 416
meeting people 51
responsible travel 26
women travellers 655-6
exchange rates, see also inside front
cover
Egypt 173
Iran 247
Iraq 269
352
Jordan 402
Lebanon 457
Libya 502
Syria 551
Turkey 632
F
Fairouz 77, 79
Fallujah (Irq) 260, 265
Farafra Oasis (E) 147
Farsi 684-6
Iran 246
fauna, see animals, birds
fax services
Egypt 174
352
Libya 503
Turkey 633
felucca rides
Aswan (E) 139
Cairo (E) 108
Luxor (E) 130
Ferdosi (Irn) 241
ferry travel 663-4, 667, see also boat
cruises, felucca rides
Egypt 177
Iran 251
Jordan 406
Lebanon 460
festivals & events 22, 88-9
Baalbek (Leb) 25
Beirut (Leb) 423
Bosra (S) 25
Cairo (E) 25
Egypt 172-3
film 71
Germa (Lib) 496
Ghadames (Lib) 25, 493
349
stanbul (T) 25, 572
Jerash (J) 25, 377
Jordan 401
Kabaw (Lib) 490
Konya (T) 25, 609
Lebanon 456
Libya 501-2
Meggido Forest (I & PT) 25
Palmyra (S) 25
Syria 550
Turkey 631-2
Fethiye (T) 596-8
Fezzan (Lib) 494-9
Field of Ruth (I & PT) 341
films 25-6, 39, 44, 62, 63, 70, see also
cinema
festivals 71
Fin Garden (Irn) 210
Firuz Abad (Irn) 227
flora, see plants
food 84-91
Iran 185-6
282
Jordan 364
Lebanon 416
Libya 471
Turkey 562
football
278
Jordan 363
Tel Aviv (I & PT) 301
Turkey 561
Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut (E) 129
G
Gadara (J) 380
Gaddafi, Muammar 36, 47, 466-7,
468
Galilee (I & PT) 316-24, 317
galleries, see museums & galleries
Gallipoli Peninsula (T) 580-1, 580
Gamla (I & PT) 326
Garama (Lib) 496
Garamantes empire 37, 38, 464
Garmeh (Irn) 217
gay travellers 647
Egypt 173
Iran 245
349
Jordan 401
Lebanon 456
Syria 550
Turkey 632
Gaza City (I & PT) 342-4
Gaza Strip (I & PT) 337-44
Gaziantep (T) 627-9, 628
Gebraoun (Lib) 495
Gelemi village (T) 599
Gelibolu, see Gallipoli Peninsula (T)
geography 80
Iran 185
Iraq 260
281
Jordan 363-4
Lebanon 415
Libya 470
Turkey 562
Germa (Lib) 495-7
Ghadames (Lib) 491-4, 492
Gharyan (Lib) 489
Ghat (Lib) 497-8
Giresun (T) 616
Giza (E) 106-8, 107, 5
Glass & Ceramic Museum (Irn) 192
Golan Heights (I & PT) 324-7, 325
Golestan Palace (Irn) 192
Gonbad-e Kavus (Irn) 238
Greme (T) 611-12, 12
Gorgan (Irn) 237-8
Graeco-Roman Museum (E) 119
Grand Bazaar (T) 570
Great Man-Made River (Lib) 83,
470
glet cruises, see boat cruises
Gulf War 47, 256-8
Gully Ali Beg (Irq) 267
Gurgi Mosque (Lib) 67, 474, 10
H
Hai-Bar Arava Biblical Wildlife Reserve
(I & PT) 337
Haifa (I & PT) 308-12, 309
Hama (S) 532-5, 533
Hamadan (Irn) 207-8
Hamadat al-Hamrah (Lib) 494
Hamat Gader (I & PT) 322-3
Hamat Tiberias National Park (I & PT)
319-20
Hammam as-Sarah (J) 383
Hammamat Main (J) 386
hammams 640
Allepo (S) 540
Amman (J) 371
Aqaba (J) 395
Damascus (S) 515
stanbul (T) 571-2
Nablus (I & PT) 342
Tripoli (Lib) 474
Turkey 630
Harran (T) 625
Hatay (T) 607
Hatra (Irq) 267
Hatshepsut 129
health 35, 36, 673-8
heat illness 677
Hebrew 686-7
courses 291, 301, 347
351
Hebron (I & PT) 341
hepatitis 675
Herodus Spring (J) 382
Hezekiahs Tunnel (I & PT) 290
Hierapolis (T) 590
hiking 640-1, 642
Cappadocia (T) 611
Dana Nature Reserve (J) 388
Eilat (I & PT) 334
En Avedat National Park (I &
PT) 331
Gamla Nature Reserve (I & PT)
326-7
Greme (T) 611
Iran 242
345-6
Jordan 399
Ka (T) 600
Mitzpe Ramon (I & PT) 331-2
Mt Sinai (E) 167
Turkey 630
Wadi Mujib Nature Reserve (J) 382
Wadi Qelt (I & PT) 339
Wadi Rum (J) 394
Yehudia Nature Reserve (I & PT)
326-7
Hippodrome (T) 567
history 37-47, 53, 60-3
Amman (J) 365
Baghdad (Irq) 261
Beirut (Leb) 417
books 24, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43,
44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53, 60,
61, 62
Cairo (E) 97
Egypt 93-6
Internet resources 39, 40, 45
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Iran 180-3
Iraq 255-60
271-6
stanbul (T) 563
Jerusalem (I & PT) 283-4
Jordan 359-62
Lebanon 410-13
Libya 464-7
Syria 508-10
Tehran (Irn) 186-7
Tripoli (Lib) 471
Turkey 557-60
hitching 670-1
357
HIV 675
holidays 22, 647-8
Egypt 173
Iran 245-6
350-1
Jordan 401
Lebanon 456-7
Libya 502
Syria 551
Turkey 632
Homs (S) 531-2
Hormoz Island (Irn) 231
horse riding
Cappadocia (T) 611
Luxor (E) 130
Horsh Ehden Forest Nature Reserve
(Leb) 82
Hoap Castle (T) 623
hostels 637
344
Libya 499-500
Turkey 629
hotels 637-8
Egypt 170
Iran 242
344-5
Jordan 399
Lebanon 454
Libya 499-500
Syria 549
Turkey 629
Hula Nature Reserve (I & PT) 324
Hula Valley (I & PT) 324-5
Hurghada (E) 153-6
Hussein, Saddam 255-9
I
Idehan Murzuq (Lib) 498
Idehan Ubari (Lib) 495, 10
Ihlara Valley (T) 614-15
Imam Khomeini Mosque (Irn) 192
Imam Mosque (Irn) 67, 213
Imam Square (Irn) 213, 214
insurance 648
health 673
vehicle 669-70
Internet access 648-9, see also capital
cities
Iran 246
351
Jordan 401
Libya 502
Turkey 632
Internet resources 24-5
animals 81
birds 81
cinema 70
drinks 88
environmental issues 80, 83
health 674
history 39, 40, 45
Iran 246
Iraq 268
Libya 502
music 77, 78, 79
Iran 179-253, 181
accommodation 242
activities 242
arts 184-5
books 242-3
business hours 243
climate 180
conduct 249
culture 183-4
dress 249
drinks 186
embassies 244-5
environmental issues 185
etiquette 249
food 185-6
gay travellers 245
geography 185
history 180-3
holidays 245, 245-6
Internet access 246
Internet resources 246
language 246
legal matters 246
maps 246
money 179, 246-7
passports 248, 250
planning 180
postal services 247
religion 184
scams 243-4
telephone services 247-8
toilets 248
tours 252-3
travel within 251-3
visas 248-50
women travellers 249, 250
Iraq 254-69, 256
arts 260
books 268
climate 255
culture 260
democracy in 257
embassies 268
geography 260
history 255-60
language 268
money 254, 269
religion 260
travel to/from 269
travel within 269
US-led occupation of 35, 63-4,
258-9, 260
visas 269
Iraq al-Amir (J) 376
Irbid (J) 379-80
Irbil (Irq) 267
Isfiya (I & PT) 312
Islam 53-6, 58-64
history of 40, 41-2, 60-3
270-357, 272
accommodation 344-5
activities 345-6
arts 279-81
books 346
business hours 346-7
climate 271
courses 347
culture 276-8
drinks 282-3
embassies 348-9
environmental issues 281-2
fax services 352
food 282
gay travellers 349
geography 281
history 271-6
holidays 350-1
Internet access 351
language 351
money 270, 348, 351-2
passports 353
planning 271
postal services 352
religion 278-9
sports 278
tax 355
toilets 352-3
tours 357
travel within 356-7
visas 353
work 354
Israel Museum (I & PT) 291
stanbul (T) 563-75, 564-5, 568-9
accommodation 572-3
activities 571-2
attractions 566-71
drinking 574
food 573-4
history 563
Internet access 566
itineraries 566
scams 566
travel within 575
stanbul Archaeology Museum (T) 567
itineraries 19, 27-34
Amman (J) 365
bazaars & souqs 33
Beirut (Leb) 420
Cairo (E) 97
Damascus (S) 511
deserts 34
diving 34
Egypt 30, 31
for children 34
stanbul (T) 566
Libya 30, 31
Petra (J) 389
Tehran (Irn) 187
Tripoli (Lib) 473
World Heritage sites 33
Ivan-e Takht-e Marmar (Irn) 192
zmir (T) 583-5
znik (T) 576-7
J
Jaffa (I & PT) 306-8, 307
Jamahiriya Museum (Lib) 473
Jameh Mosque (Irn) 211-12
Jbail (Leb) 434-7, 435
Jebel Acacus (Lib) 498, 499
Jebel Nafusa (Lib) 489-91
Jeita grotto (Leb) 432
Jerash (J) 377-9, 378
Jericho (I & PT) 338-9
Jerusalem (I & PT) 283-97, 284-5
,
286
,
288
accommodation 292-4
attractions 287-91
courses 291
drinking 295
entertainment 295-6
food 294-5
history 283-4
itineraries 285
medical services 286-7
tours 292
travel to/from 296
travel within 296-7
Jerusalem Archaeological Park &
Davidson Centre (I & PT) 289
jet lag 674-5
Jewish people 49, see also Judaism
Jolfa (Irn) 199-200
Jordan 358-408, 360-1
accommodation 399
activities 399, 8
arts 363
attractions 369-71
books 399
business hours 399
climate 359
courses 400
culture 362-3
drinks 364
embassies 400-1
food 364
gay travellers 401
geography 363-4
history 359-62
holidays 401
Internet access 401
language 401
laundry services 401
maps 401
money 358, 400, 402
photography 402
planning 359
postal services 402-3
religion 363
sports 363
tax 404
toilets 403
tourist information 403-4
tours 408
travel within 406-8
visas 369, 403
work 404
Jordan National Gallery of Fine Arts
(J) 371
Jordan River (J) 381
Jounieh (Leb) 432-4
Judaism 56, 58-9, see also Jewish
people
K
Kabaw (Lib) 490
Kahta (T) 626-7
Kalkan (T) 599-600
Kandovan (Irn) 203
Kapadokya (T) 610-15, 611
Karak (J) 387
Karnak (E) 126
Kars (T) 620-1
Ka (T) 600-1
Kashan (Irn) 210
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Katzrin (I & PT) 326
Kayseri (T) 615
kebabs 86, 562
Kekova Island (T) 600
Kemal, Mustafa 560
Kerbala (Irq) 262-3
Kerman (Irn) 231-4, 232
Kermanshah (Irn) 206-7
Khafre, Pyramid of (E) 106
Khan al-Khalili (E) 104
Kharanaq (Irn) 221
Kharga Oasis (E) 144-6
Khomeini, Ayatollah Ruhollah 182, 198
Khorramabad (Irn) 208
Khufu, Pyramid of (E) 106
kibbutz guesthouses 345
Kidron Valley (I & PT) 290
King Abdullah Mosque (J) 371
King Davids Tomb (I & PT) 290
King Hussein Mosque (J) 371
Kings Highway (J) 384-9
Kirkuk (Irq) 267-8
Kiryat Shmona (I & PT) 325-6
Kish Island (Irn) 228-9
Kzkalesi (T) 607
Kolthum, Umm 76, 79
Kom Ombo (E) 137
Konya (T) 609-10
Kotel Western Wall Tunnels (I &
PT) 289
Kyceiz (T) 595-6
Kurdish people 49, 265
Kursi National Park (I & PT) 322-3
Kuadas (T) 588-90
L
Laft (Irn) 231
Lalejin (Irn) 208
Lamiasar (Irn) 206
land mines
Lebanon 455
language 679-89, see also individual
languages
courses 301, 347, 400, 455, 550
Iran 246
Iraq 268
351
Jordan 401
Libya 502
Turkey 632
Lattakia (S) 523-6, 524
laundry services
Jordan 401
Lawrence, TE 359, 384
Lebanon 409-62, 411
accommodation 454
activities 454-5
animals 415
arts 414-15
books 455
business hours 455
civil war 410, 412
climate 410
courses 455
culture 413-14
drinks 416
embassies 455-6
environmental issues 415-16
etiquette 416
food 416, 9
gay travellers 456
geography 415
history 410-13
holidays 456-7
land mines 455
money 409, 457
passports 421, 458
photography 457
planning 410
plants 415
religion 414
tax 458
telephone services 457-8
tours 462
travel within 460-2
visas 458
legal matters
Iran 246
leishmaniasis 675
Leptis Magna (Lib) 479-81, 479,
10
leptospirosis 675-6
Egypt 173
Iran 245
349
Jordan 401
Lebanon 456
Syria 550
Turkey 632
Libya 463-506, 466-7
accommodation 499-500
activities 500
animals 470
arts 469-70
birds 470
books 500
business hours 500
climate 464
culture 468-9
customs regulations 500-1
drinks 471
embassies 501
environmental issues
470-1
fax services 503
food 471
geography 470
history 464-7
holidays 502
Internet access 502
language 502
maps 502
money 463, 502
passports 504
photography 502-3
planning 464
postal services 503
religion 469
shopping 503
toilets 503
tours 506
travel within 505-6
vegetarian travellers 471
visas 503-4
literacy 36
literature 73-5, see also books
Iran 184-5
279-80
Jordan 363
Lebanon 414
Libya 469-70
Turkey 561
Luxor (E) 124-36, 125, 128
Luxor Museum (E) 126
Luxor Temple (E) 126
M
Machaerus (J) 386
Madaba (J) 384-6
Mahan (Irn) 234
Mahfouz, Naguib 73
mail services, see postal services
Majdal Shams (I & PT) 327
Maku (Irn) 199
malaria 676
Malatya (T) 626-7
Mamshit National Park (I & PT) 330
Mamure Castle (T) 607
maps
Amman (J) 365
Beirut (Leb) 417
Cairo (E) 100
Damascus (S) 511
Iran 246
Jordan 401
Libya 502
Tehran (Irn) 187
Turkey 632
Maraghe (Irn) 203
Mardin (T) 624-5
markets, see bazaars & souqs
Marmaris (T) 593-5
Marsa Alam (E) 157-8
marshes, the (Irq) 263
Masada (I & PT) 328-9, 7
Mashhad (Irn) 238-41, 239
Masuleh (Irn) 204
Mavo (Lib) 495
Maydos (T) 580
medical services 675, see also capital
cities, health
Medinat Habu (E) 129-30
Mediterranean coast (T) 593-607,
594-5
Megiddo (I & PT) 318-19
Memphis (E) 117
Menkaure, Pyramid of (E) 106-7
metric conversions, see inside front
cover
Meybod (Irn) 221
Migdal (I & PT) 321
Minab (Irn) 231
Mirjaveh (Irn) 236
Mitzpe Ramon (I & PT) 331-2
Mitzpe Shalom (I & PT) 326
Mohammed al-Amin Mosque (Leb)
422
money 22-4, 649-51, see also inside
front cover
discount cards 647
Egypt 92, 171, 173-4
Iran 179, 246-7
Iraq 254, 269
270, 348, 351-2
Jordan 358, 400, 402
Lebanon 409, 457
Libya 463, 502
Syria 507, 550, 551
Turkey 556, 632-3
mosaics 72
mosques, see also individual locations
Ahmed Pasha Karamanli Mosque
(Lib) 474
Al-Aqsa Mosque (I & PT) 289, 7
Al-Azhar Mosque (E) 104
Al-Omari Mosque (Leb) 422
architecture of 66-9
Azim-e Gohar Shad Mosque (Irn)
67, 240
Blue Mosque (T) 567
Dome of the Rock (I & PT) 67,
289, 7
Draghut Mosque (Lib) 474
Gurgi Mosque (Lib) 67, 474, 10
Imam Khomeini Mosque (Irn) 192
Imam Mosque (Irn) 67, 213
Jameh Mosque (Irn) 211-12
King Abdullah Mosque (J) 371
King Hussein Mosque (J) 371
Mohammed al-Amin Mosque
(Leb) 422
Mosque of Ibn Tulun (E) 67, 105
Mosque of Qaitbey (E) 67, 105
Selimiye Mosque (T) 67, 576
Sepahsalar Mosque & Madrassa
(Irn) 193
Sleymaniye Camii (T) 67, 570
Umayyad Mosque (S) 67, 514
Mossadegh, Mohammad 182
Mosul (Irq) 265-6
motion sickness 674-5
motorcycle travel 662-3, 668-70
Egypt 178
Iran 252
355-6, 357
Jordan 407-8
Lebanon 460, 461-2
Libya 505-6
Syria 555
Turkey 636
Mt Ararat (T) 621
Mt Carmel (I & PT) 312
Mt Damavand (Irn) 198
Mt Erciyes (T) 615
Mt Hermon 327
Mt Medovin (Irn) 198
Mt Nebo (J) 386
Mt Nemrut (T) 626-7, 12
Mount of Olives (I & PT) 290
Mt Scopus (I & PT) 290
Mt Sinai (E) 167
Mt Tochal (Irn) 197
mountain biking, see cycling
mountain climbing
Iran 242
Mt Damavand (Irn) 198
Mt Sinai (E) 167
Mubarak, Hosni 95, 96
Mukawir (J) 386
museums & galleries, see also
Alexandria National Museum
(E) 119
American University of Beirut
(AUB) Museum (Leb) 421
Bible Lands Museum (I & PT) 291
Carpet Museum (Irn) 193
Darat al-Funun (J) 371
Decorative Arts Museum of Iran
(Irn) 214
Egyptian Museum (E) 101-4, 104
Ephesus Museum (T) 586
Ethnographical Museum (Irn) 192
Glass & Ceramic Museum (Irn) 192
Greme Open-Air Museum (T) 611
Graeco-Roman Museum (E) 119
Iraqi Museum (Irq) 261
Israel Museum (I & PT) 291
stanbul Archaeology Museum
(T) 567
Ivan-e Takht-e Marmar (Irn) 192
Jamahiriya Museum (Lib) 473
Jerusalem Archaeological Park &
Davidson Centre (I & PT) 289
Jordan National Gallery of Fine
Arts (J) 371
Luxor Museum (E) 126
Mummification Museum (E) 126
Museum of Archaeology &
Anthropology (J) 379
Museum of Contemporary Art
(Irn) 214
Museum of Islamic Art (E) 105
Museum of the Islamic Period
(Irn) 192
National Archaeological Museum
(J) 369
National Jewels Museum (Irn) 192
National Museum (Leb) 421
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museums & galleries continued
National Museum (S) 515
National Museum of Iran (Irn) 192
Negar Khane (Irn) 192
Nubia Museum (E) 138-9
Palmyra Museum (S) 546
Reza Abbasi Museum (Irn) 193
Rockefeller Museum (I & PT)
291
Roman Museum (Lib) 477
Royal Automobile Museum (J)
371
Sad Abad Museum Complex
(Irn) 193
(Irn) 193
Shams-Al Emarat (Irn) 192
Solar Barque Museum (E) 107
Sursock Museum (Leb) 421
Tehran Museum of Contemporary
Art (Irn) 193
Tower of David Museum (I &
PT) 290
Turkish & Islamic Arts Museum
(T) 567
Wohl Archaeological Museum
(I & PT) 289
Yad Vashem (I & PT) 291
music 75-9
Iran 184
Iraq 260
280
Jordan 363
Lebanon 414
Libya 470
Turkey 561
Mustafapaa (T) 614
Mut (E) 146-7
Mycerinus, Pyramid of (E) 106-7
N
Naama Bay (E) 158-62
Nabataean empire 359, 389
Nablus (I & PT) 341-2
Nahal Hermon Reserve (I & PT) 327
Nahariya (I & PT) 316
Najaf (Irq) 263
Nalut (Lib) 490-1
Namak Abrud (Irn) 198
Naqsh-e Jahan, see Imam Square (Irn)
Naqsh-e Rostam (Irn) 227
Nasiriyya (Irq) 263
Nasser, Gamal Abdel 45-6, 95
National Archaeological Museum
(J) 369
National Jewels Museum (Irn) 192
National Museum (Leb) 421
National Museum (S) 515
National Museum of Iran (Irn) 192
national parks & nature reserves
Al-Shouf Cedar Nature Reserve
(Leb) 82
Avdat National Park (I & PT) 331
Azraq Wetland Reserve (J) 383
Banias Nature Reserve (I & PT) 327
Beit Shean National Park (I &
PT) 319
Dana Nature Reserve (J) 387-8
Ein Gedi National Park (I & PT)
328
En Avedat National Park (I &
PT) 331
Gamla Nature Reserve (I & PT)
326
Hai-Bar Arava Biblical Wildlife
Reserve (I & PT) 337
Hamat Tiberias National Park
(I & PT) 319-20
Horsh Ehden Forest Nature Reserve
(Leb) 82
Hula Nature Reserve (I & PT) 324
Jordan 364
Kursi National Park (I & PT)
322-3
Mamshit National Park (I & PT)
330
Megiddo National Park (I & PT)
318-19
Nahal Hermon Reserve (I & PT)
327
Nimrod Castle National Park (I &
PT) 327
Qumran National Park (I & PT) 328
Ras Mohammed National Park
(E) 158
Shaumari Wildlife Reserve (J) 384
Sisangan National Park 198
Tel Arad National Park (I & PT) 330
Tel Dan Nature Reserve (I & PT)
327
Timna National Park (I & PT) 336-7
Tzippori National Park (I & PT) 318
Wadi Mujib Nature Reserve (J)
382-3
Yehudia Nature Reserve (I & PT)
326-7
nature reserves, see national parks &
nature reserves
Nazareth (I & PT) 316-18
Nebi Musa (I & PT) 339
Negar Khane (Irn) 192
Negev, the (I & PT) 329-37
Neishabur (Irn) 238
Netanya (I & PT) 308
Neve Ativ (I & PT) 327
newspapers
Egypt 171
Iran 242
345
Jordan 399
Lebanon 454
Libya 500
Syria 549
Turkey 629
Nile River (E) 80
Nile Valley (E) 124-44
Nimrod Castle National Park (I &
PT) 327
Nimrud (Irq) 267
Nineveh (Irq) 266-7
Noshahr (Irn) 198-9
Nubia Museum (E) 138-9
Nubian ibexes 382
Nubian people 50
Nuweiba (E) 167-9
O
oases 638
Al-Aweinat (Lib) 497
Bahariyya Oasis (E) 147-8
Bam (Irn) 234-5
Dakhla Oasis (E) 146-7
Farafra Oasis (E) 147
Garmeh (Irn) 217
Ghat (Lib) 497-8
Kashan (Irn) 210
Kharga Oasis (E) 144-6
Siwa Oasis (E) 148-50, 5
Western Oases (E) 144-50
ldeniz (T) 598
Olympos (T) 601-2
Ordu (T) 616
Orontes River (S) 544
Orumiyeh (Irn) 200
oryxes 81
Ottoman Empire 37, 43-4, 62, 255,
465, 508, 560
P
painting
Jordan 363
Lebanon 415
Palestine Liberation Organisation 46,
274, 275, 361, 412
Palestine, see also Israel & the
Palestinian Territories, individual
locations
independence 343
Palmyra (S) 544-9, 546, 11
Pamukkale (T) 590-1
Pasargad (Irn) 227
passports 653, 657
Iran 248, 250
353, 355
Lebanon 421, 458
Libya 504
Syria 553
Patara (T) 598-9
Pella (J) 380-1
Pergamum (T) 583
Perge (T) 605
Persepolis (Irn) 225-7, 226, 6
Persian Empire 37, 38, 49
Petra (J) 389-93, 390, 8
Philae (E) 143
photography 651
Jordan 402
Lebanon 457
Libya 502-3
planning 22-6, 353, see also
itineraries
Egypt 93
Iran 180
271
Jordan 359
Lebanon 410
Libya 464
medical supplies 674
Syria 508
Turkey 557
plants 82
Lebanon 415
PLO, see Palestine Liberation
Organisation
poliomyelitis 676
politics 35-6
Pool of Siloam (I & PT) 290
population 48, 50
Egypt 92, 96
Iran 179, 183-4
Iraq 254, 260
270, 278
Jordan 358, 362-3
Lebanon 409, 414
Libya 463, 468-9
Syria 507, 510
Turkey 556
Port Said (E) 150-1
postal services 651-2
Egypt 174
Iran 247
352
Jordan 402-3
Libya 503
Syria 551
Turkey 633
Princes Islands (T) 572
Ptolemais (Lib) 485
pyramids
Bent Pyramid (E) 117
Dahshur (E) 117
Pyramid of Teti (E) 117
Pyramids of Giza (E) 106-8, 107, 5
Red Pyramid (E) 117
Saqqara (E) 117
Step Pyramid of Zoser (E) 117
Q
Qadisha Valley (Leb) 442
qahwas, see coffeehouses
Qalaat Al-Azraq (J) 383-4
Qalaat Marqab (S) 527
Qalaat ar-Rabad (J) 379
Qalaat Saladin (S) 527
Qalaat Samaan (S) 544
Qaleh Kalisa (Irn) 199
Qasr al-Abad (J) 376
Qasr al-Haj (Lib) 489
Qasr al-Hallabat (J) 383
Qasr al-Kharana (J) 384
Qazvin (Irn) 205
Qeshm Island (Irn) 231
Qeshm town (Irn) 231
Qom (Irn) 209-10
Qumran (I & PT) 327-8
Quneitra (S) 327
Quran, the 54-5
Qusayr Amra (J) 384
R
rabies 676
radio
Egypt 171
Iran 242
345
Jordan 399
Lebanon 454
Libya 500
Syria 549
Turkey 629
Ramallah (I & PT) 338
Ramesseum (E) 129
Ramlat Dawada (Lib) 495
Ramsar (Irn) 204-5
Ras Mohammed National Park (E) 158
Rasht (Irn) 204
Rayen (Irn) 234
Red Pyramid (E) 117
religion 53-7, see also individual
religions
books 53, 54-5, 56, 57, 60, 61
Christianity 56-7, 58-9
Egypt 96
history 60-3
Iran 184
Iraq 260
Islam 53-6, 58-64
278-9
Jordan 363
Judaism 56, 58-9
Lebanon 414
Libya 469
Syria 510
Turkey 561
religious events, see festivals & events
Reyneh (Irn) 198
Reza Abbasi Museum (Irn) 193
Rift Valley fever 676
rock climbing 640-1
Jordan 399
Wadi Rum (J) 394
Rockefeller Museum (I & PT) 291
Roman Amphitheatre (E) 119-20
Roman Museum (Lib) 477
Roman Theatre (J) 369
Rosh Hanikra (I & PT) 316
Rosh Pina (I & PT) 324
Royal Automobile Museum (J) 371
S
Sabratha (Lib) 477-8, 477
Sad Abad Museum Complex (Irn) 193
safaris 638-9, see also tours
Eastern Desert (E) 157
Egypt 145
Libya 500
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safety 645-6
Beirut (Leb) 421
Iran 243-4
337, 347-8
stanbul (T) 566
Jordan 400
Lebanon 455
Libya 501
Tehran (Irn) 189
Turkey 618, 630
Safranbolu (T) 609
Sahara, the (Lib) 494-9
Saida (Leb) 443-5
sailboarding
Eilat (I & PT) 334
Israel & the Palestinian Territories 346
sailing 641-2
St Georges Cathedral (Leb) 422
St Katherines Monastery (E) 166-7
Saladin 42, 359
Samsun (T) 616
sand boarding
Siwa Oasis (E) 148
anlurfa (T) 625-6
Saqqara (E) 117
Sarakhs (Irn) 241
Sareiyn (Irn) 203
Sari (Irn) 237
savaris, see service taxis
scams
Amman (J) 369
Cairo (E) 101, 110
Iran 243-4
stanbul (T) 566
schistosomiasis 676
scuba diving, see diving
Sde Boker (I & PT) 331
Sea of Galilee (I & PT) 321-3
Sebha (Lib) 494-5
Seluk (T) 586-8, 587
Selimiye Mosque (T) 67, 576
(Irn) 193
Serjilla (S) 544
Sero (Irn) 200
servees, see service taxis
service taxis 269, 672
Egypt 178
Iran 252
357
Jordan 404-5, 406, 408
Lebanon 462
Libya 505
Syria 554, 555
Seven Wonders of the Ancient
World 38
Hanging Gardens of Babylon
(Irq) 262
Mausoleum of Halicarnassus (T) 591
Pharos of Alexandria (E) 119
Pyramids of Giza (E) 106-8, 107, 5
Temple of Artemis (T) 586
Severus, Septimus 480
Shahat (Lib) 485-7
Shahrud (Irn) 238
Shams-Al Emarat (Irn) 192
Shaqlawa (Irq) 267
shared taxis, see service taxis
Sharm el-Sheikh (E) 158-62
Sharon, Ariel 47, 274
Shaumari Wildlife Reserve (J) 384
Shemshak Resort (Irn) 198
Shepherds Fields (I & PT) 341
sheruts, see service taxis
Shiraz (Irn) 221-5, 222, 6
Shobak (J) 388-9
shopping 650, see also individual
locations
Shush (Irn) 208-9
Side (T) 605-6
Sidon (Leb) 443-5
Sinai (E) 158-70, 159
Sinjar (Irq) 267
Sinop (T) 616
Sirt (Lib) 481-2
Sisangan National Park 198
Sivas (T) 609
Siwa Oasis (E) 148-50
skiing 642
Alborz Mountains (Irn) 198
Bcharr (Leb) 442-3
Iran 242
Lebanon 455
Mt Hermon (I & PT) 327
Turkey 630
snorkelling
Aqaba (J) 395-6
Eilat (I & PT) 334
346
Jordan 399
(E) 158
snowboarding 642, see also skiing
soccer, see football
Solar Barque Museum (E) 107
Soltaniyeh (Irn) 206
Souq al-Hamidiyya (S) 514
souqs, see bazaars & souqs
Sour (Leb) 446-8, 447
special events, see festivals & events
Sphinx, the (E) 107
Spice Bazaar (T) 570
sports, see also individual sports
278
Turkey 561
Step Pyramid of Zoser (E) 117
Suez (E) 151-3
Suez Canal (E) 150-3
Sleyman the Magnificent 43,
560
Sleymaniye Camii (T) 67, 570
Sumerian empire 37
Sursock Museum (Leb) 421
Susa (Irn) 208-9
Susa (Lib) 487-8
swimming
Aqaba (J) 395
Beirut (Leb) 423
iral (T) 601
Dead Sea (I & PT) 329
Dead Sea (J) 382
Ein Gedi (I & PT) 328
Fethiye (T) 596-7
Gebraoun (Lib) 495
Hierapolis (T) 590-1
Hurghada (E) 154
Kadnlar Denizi (T) 588
Olympos (T) 601
Pamukkale (T) 590
(E) 158
Sea of Galilee (I & PT) 322
Shaati al-Azraq (S) 524
Ubari Lakes (Lib) 495
Wadi Qandil (S) 524
Syrene (Lib) 485-7
Syria 507-55, 509
accommodation 549
bargaining 551
business hours 549
children, travel with 549-50
climate 508
courses 550
culture 510
embassies 550
gay travellers 550
history 508-10
holidays 551
money 507, 550, 551
passports 553
planning 508
postal services 551
religion 510
taxes 553
tipping 551
tours 555
travel within 554-5
visas 552-3
T
Taba (E) 169
Tabaqat Fahl (J) 380-1
Tabgha (I & PT) 322
Tabriz (Irn) 201-3, 202
Tafila (J) 387
Takht-e Jamshid (Irn) 225-7, 6
Takht-e Soleiman (Irn) 200
Tartus (S) 527-9
taxes
Egypt 173-4, 176, 177
355
Jordan 404
Lebanon 458
Syria 553
taxis, see also service taxis 671-2
Iran 252
357
Jordan 406, 408
Lebanon 459-60, 462
Turkey 636
tea 88
Tehran (Irn) 186-97, 188, 190-1
accommodation 193-4
attractions 189-93
drinking 195
entertainment 195
food 194-5
history 186-7
itineraries 187
shopping 195
travel within 197
Tehran Bazar (Irn) 192
Tehran Museum of Contemporary
Art (Irn) 193
Tel Arad National Park (I & PT)
330
Tel Aviv (I & PT) 297-306, 298
,
300, 7
accommodation 301-2
activities 301
attractions 300-1
drinking 303-4
entertainment 304-5
food 302-3
itineraries 297
travel to/from 305
travel within 305-6
Tel Dan Nature Reserve (I & PT)
327
Egypt 174
Iran 247-8
352
Jordan 403
Lebanon 457-8
Libya 503
Syria 552
Turkey 633
television 71, 72
Egypt 171
Iran 242
345
Jordan 363, 399
Lebanon 414, 454
Libya 500
Syria 549
Turkey 629
Temple of Bel (S) 545
Temple Mount (I & PT) 289
Temple of Seti I (E) 127
Temple of Sobek & Haroeris (E) 137
Termessos (T) 605
terrorism 645, 646
Iraq 255
337, 347-8
Jordan 400
theatre
280
Lebanon 415
Thebes, see Luxor (E)
theft
347-8
Libya 501
Turkey 630
Thrace (T) 576
Tiberias (I & PT) 319-21,
320
time 652-3, 698
Timna National Park (I & PT)
336-7
tipping 650
Egypt 174
351
Jordan 402
Syria 551
Turkey 633
Tobruk (Lib) 488-9
Tochal (Irn) 198
toilets 653
Iran 248
352-3
Jordan 403
Libya 503
Turkey 633
Tolmeita (Lib) 485
Tombs of the Nobles (E) 129
Topkap Palace (T) 566-7
Toubou people 50
tourist information 653, see also
capital cities
Jordan 403-4
Libya 503
tours 664-5, see also safaris
Iran 252-3
357
Jordan 408
Lebanon 462
Libya 506
Syria 555
Tower of David Museum (I & PT)
290
Trablous (Leb) 471-7, 472
Trabzon (T) 616-18, 617
train travel 671
Egypt 178
Iran 251, 253
357
Jordan 406
000 Map pages
712 I n d e x ( S ) I n d e x ( S - T ) 713
I
N
D
E
X
000 Map pages
I
N
D
E
X
train travel continued
Syria 555
Turkey 635, 636
travellers cheques 650-1
Egypt 174
Iran 247
352
Jordan 402-3
Lebanon 457
Libya 502
Syria 551
Turkey 633
treehouses 629
trekking, see hiking
Tripoli (Leb) 437-42, 438
Tripoli (Lib) 471-7, 472
accommodation 474-5
attractions 473-4
drinking 476
food 475-6
history 471
Internet access 473
itineraries 473
shopping 476
travel to/from 476
travel within 476-7
Tripoli Castle (Lib) 473
Troy (T) 581
Truva (T) 581
Tsfat (I & PT) 323-4
Tuareg people 50
tuberculosis 676
Turkey 556-636, 558-9
accommodation 629
activities 630
arts 561-2
business hours 630
climate 557
culture 560-1
drinks 562-3
embassies 631
fax services 633
food 562
gay travellers 632
geography 562
history 557-60
holidays 632
Internet access 632
language 632
maps 632
money 556, 632-3
planning 557
postal services 633
religion 561
sports 561
tipping 633
toilets 633
travel within 635-6
visas 633-4
Turkish 632, 687-9
Turkish & Islamic Arts Museum (T) 567
Turkish people 49
Tus (Irn) 241
Tutankhamun 104, 129
typhoid 677
Tyre (Leb) 446-8, 447
Tzippori (I & PT) 318
U
Ubari (Lib) 497
Ubari Lakes (Lib) 495
az (T) 600
Uhisar (T) 612-13
Ugarit (S) 527
Umayyad Mosque (S) 67, 514
Umm al-Jimal (J) 383
Umm al-Maa (Lib) 495
Umm Qais (J) 380
nye (T) 616
Upper Galilee (I & PT) 324-7,
325
Ur of the Chaldees (Irq) 263
Urfa (T) 625-6
rgp (T) 613-14
Urmieh (Irn) 200
US Den of Espionage (Irn) 193
V
vaccinations 673-4
Valley of the Kings (E) 127-9
Valley of the Queens (E) 129
Van (T) 622-3
vegetarian travellers 90
Iran 186
282
Libya 471
video systems 651
visas 653-4
Egypt 174-5
Iran 248-50
Iraq 269
353
Jordan 369, 403
Libya 503-4
Syria 552-3
Turkey 633-4
W
Wadi al-Hayat (Lib) 495, 496
Wadi Methkandoush (Lib) 498
Wadi Mujib (J) 387
Wadi Mujib Nature Reserve (J) 382-3
Wadi Musa (J) 389-93, 392
Wadi Rum (J) 393-5
Wadi as-Seer (J) 376
Wailing Wall (I & PT) 289
walking, see hiking
War on Terror 63-4
water 678
Iraq 260
Libya 470-1
shortages 82-3
water pipes 91
water sports 642-3
Waw al-Namus (Lib) 498-9
websites, see Internet resources
West Bank, the (I & PT) 337-44, 338
security fence 340
Western Oases (E) 144-50
Western Wall (I & PT) 289
wildlife, see animals, birds, plants
wildlife reserves, see national parks &
nature reserves
wine
Chteau Ksara (Leb) 451
Lebanon 416
Wohl Archaeological Museum (I &
PT) 289
Egypt 175
health 678
Iran 249, 250
353-4
Jordan 404
Lebanon 458
Libya 504
Syria 553
Turkey 634
000 Map pages
work 656
354
Jordan 404
World Heritage sites
Abyaneh (Irn) 211
Aleppo (S) 535-43, 536-7, 539,
11
Apollonia (Lib) 488
Baalbek (Leb) 451-3, 452, 9
Bosra (S) 522-3
Choqa Zanbil (Irn) 209
Cyrene (Lib) 485-7, 486
Damascus (S) 510-22, 512-13,
516-17
Ghadames (Lib) 491-4, 492
Greme Open-Air Museum (T) 611
itineraries 33
Jebel Acacus (Lib) 498
Leptis Magna (Lib) 479-81,
479, 10
Luxor (E) 124-36, 125, 128
Memphis (E) 117
Palmyra (S) 544-9, 546
Petra (J) 389-93, 390, 8
Pyramids of Giza (E) 106-8,
107, 5
Qadisha Valley (Leb) 442
Qusayr Amra (J) 384
Safranbolu (T) 609
Saqqara (E) 117
Shahat (Lib) 485-7, 486
Sour (Leb) 446-8, 447
Takht-e Soleiman (Irn) 200
Troy (T) 581
Tyre (Leb) 446-8, 447
WWI 44
Gallipoli Peninsula (T) 580-1, 580
WWII 44, 45, 488
Y
Yad Vashem (I & PT) 291
Yazd (Irn) 217-21, 218
Yefren (Lib) 489-90
Yehudia Nature Reserve (I & PT) 326-7
yellow fever 677
Z
Zahedan (Irn) 235-6, 236-7
Zahl (Leb) 450-1
Zakho (Irq) 264-5
Zarqa Main (J) 386
Zelve Valley (T) 613
Zliten (Lib) 481
714 I n d e x ( T - W) I n d e x ( W- Z ) 715
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