Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prevalent Answers
Mancur Olsen (1932-1998)
Rational Economist The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Goods (1965)
International cooperation is the problem of getting exogenously-driven egotists to cooperate. However, groups with more resources will have to do the bulk of the work (thus less incentive), while weakers groups are likely to freeride.
So rationalists, realists and liberals alike, focused on changing prices or constraints outside of the system of interaction...
Wendts Hypothesis
It may be that neorealists and neoliberals may be right (most of the time).
But it could also happen because states are ENDOGENOUSLY driven by participation in international relations rather than exogenous reasons.
independent variable States participation at International level dependent variable Forms of identity and interest (continually expanding) observable outcome Collective Action
Collective Action
Balancing against hegemony
Corporate Identity
Social Identity
Mechanisms
LOCKE
Intersubjective systemic structure: shared understandings, expectations and social knowledge embedded in international institutions and threat complexes
HOBBES
Structural Context
Necessary condition: intersubjective conditions give enough slack for collective identities to develop EVIDENCE: USSR deployed SS-18s (1967). Material capabilities prevented emergence of positive identification
20Mt of TNT
Mechanisms
Dynamic Density Common Other Demonstration effects, diffusion, lesson learning Spread of democratic institutions, welfarism, human rights
More Sensitive & vulnerable Less unilaterally able to cope with corporate needs
Mechanisms
Repeated acts of cooperation leads to: (1) actors form identities based on learning from interaction (2) the way actors project and sustain presentations of self
Strategic Practice
Some societies depend more on international society Compare pre-WWII Germany and modern Germany now An anarchy of friends is different from an anarchy of enemies Sovereignty can also work to transnational favour
Are the causal links persuasive? How would you measure a change in social identity (expanded)? Over-determinative of neorealist/neoliberal factors? Too narrow to happen?