Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry CHMI 1006E Final exam December 9, 2008, 9:00 AM Time allowed: 3 hours Dr F.

Caron Student Name: _____________________ (Please also write your name on the second page) Instructions Items allowed: calculator, pens and pencils, eraser or white-out. You may use the back of the pages in the questionnaire for rough calculations and other notes. I will not mark the back. For Part I (multiple choice), please write your name and student number on the answer sheet. Use a dark pencil to properly shade the areas corresponding to the letters of your name and the student number, so the answer sheet is machine-readable. For Part II (long answer), please: - use a dark pen (blue or black only), or a dark pencil. - write only on the front page of each question (i.e., do not use the back). - The first three (3) questions are mandatory. - Then answer to two (2) out of the last three (3) questions. - Please the other one blank or cross it out. This data could be useful: Avogadros Number N = 6.02 x 1023 particles/mol Formula for heat capacity: q = Cp m (T) E = h or E = h c/, where h = 6.63 10-34 J sec and c = 3.00 108 m/sec Atomic numbers and atomic masses can be found on the attached periodic table. Student # _______________

This test was partially prepared using ExamView, companion to the Kotz textbook, Cengage learning, under license.

Student Name: _____________________

Student # _______________

Question
Section 1 50 questions 1 mark ea =

Mark
50

Score
_____ PLEASE DO

Section 2: The first three questions are mandatory 1 2 3 4 5 6 Total 10 10 10 10 10 10 100 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____

NOT WRITE IN THIS BOX

Answer to two of these three questions (leave the other one blank)

SECTION 1 (1 mark each 50 = 50 MARKS) 1. a. b. c. d. 2. a. 1 b. 2 c. 0 d. 3 How many lone pairs of electrons are on the Xe atom in XeF6? Which is the most acceptable electron dot structure for N2H2?

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

3.

Which element, indicated by letter on the periodic table below, can make a monoatomic ion with a 3+ charge corresponding to the electron configuration ns2 np6 nd10?

a. A b. B c. C d. D

A B D

4.

Based on VSEPR theory, which should have the smallest XAX bond angle?

a.

b.

c.

d.

5. a. b. c. d. e. 6.

Which combination of atoms is most likely to produce a compound with covalent bonds? Na and Cl Al and O S and Br Pb and F K and I Refer to the diagram below. According to molecular orbital theory, what is the bond order of boron nitride, BN? It is assumed that the diagram applies to heteroatomic molecules.
Energy ________ ________ *2p

a. b. c. d. e.

1 3/2 2 5/2 3

________ *2p ________ 2p

________

________ 2p ________ ________ *2s 2s

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

7. a. b. c. d. e. 8. a. b. c. d. e. 9. a. b. c. d. e. 10. 2 3 4 5 6

If two or more species have the same number of electrons, resulting in similar Lewis structures, they are said to be ____. isoelectronic resonant structures ionic neutral covalent What is the formal charge on each atom in chloroform, CHCl3? C atom = 0, H atom = 0, and each Cl atom = 0 C atom = 0, H atom = +1, one Cl atom = 1, and two Cl atoms = 0 C atom = +4, H = 1, and each Cl atom = 1 C atom = +2, H = +1, and each Cl atom = 1 C atom = 4, H = +1, and each Cl atom = +1 How many structures (i.e., unique isomers) exist for dichlorobenzene?

If 2.300 g of a polymer sample is burned in excess oxygen, it produces 2.955 g H2O and 7.217 g CO2. What is the empirical formula of this polymer? This polymer consists only of carbon and hydrogen. CH CH2 C2H3 C5H8 C7H8 Which of the following elements is able to form a molecular structure that exceeds the octet rule? Ne B O F I

a. b. c. d. e. 11. a. b. c. d. e.

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

12. a. b. c. d. e.

What is the correct orbital box diagram for the ground state electron configuration of Cr?

13.

Use VSEPR theory to predict the electron-pair geometry and the molecular geometry of sulfur dioxide, SO2.

a. The electron-pair geometry is trigonal-planar, the molecular geometry is trigonalplanar. b. The electron-pair geometry is trigonal-planar, the molecular geometry is bent. c. The electron-pair geometry is tetrahedral, the molecular geometry is bent. d. The electron-pair geometry is tetrahedral, the molecular geometry is linear. e. The electron-pair geometry is trigonal-bipyramidal, the molecular geometry is linear. 14. a. b. c. d. e. 15. Which one of the following molecules is polar? CO2 SF4 XeF2 XeF4 SO3 Which of the following statements is/are CORRECT? 1. 2. 3. a. b. c. d. e. The overlap between an s orbital and a p orbital is called a pi-bond. The overlap of two s orbitals in H2 is called a sigma bond. HF is formed from the overlap of a hydrogen 1s orbital with a fluorine 2s orbital.

1 only 2 only 3 only 2 and 3 1, 2, and 3

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

16. a. b. c. d. e. 17. a. b. c. d. e.

What is the molecular geometry around a central atom that is sp3 hybridized and has two lone pairs of electrons? Bent Linear trigonal-planar trigonal-pyramidal trigonal-bipyramidal Complete the following fission reaction.

18. a. b. c. d. e.

Which of the underlined atoms (C1, C2, N, and O) are sp3 hybridized? C1 and C2 C1, N, and O N and O O and C2 O only

19.

The compound P4S3 is used in matches. It reacts with oxygen to produce P4O10 and SO2. The unbalanced chemical equation is shown below.

P4S3(s) + O2(g) P4O10(s) + SO2(g) What mass of SO2 is produced from the combustion of 0.331 g P4S3? a. b. c. d. e. 0.00150 g 0.00451 g 0.0321g 0.0964 g 0.289 g

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

20.

Refer to the diagram below. According to molecular orbital theory, which of the following lists ranks the oxygen species in terms of increasing bond order?
Energy ________ ________ *2p

a. b. c. d. e.

O22+ < O22 < O2 O22 < O2 < O22+ O2 < O22+ < O22 O2 < O22 < O22+ O22+ < O2 < O22

________ *2p ________ 2p

________

________ 2p ________ ________ *2s 2s

21. a. b. c. d. e. 22. a. b. c. d. e. 23. a. b. c. d. e. 24. a. b. c. d. e.

If a nucleus undergoes a negatron emission its atomic number decreases by one and its mass number is unchanged. its atomic number is unchanged and its mass number increases by one. its atomic number increases by one and its mass number is unchanged. both its atomic number and its mass number are unchanged. its atomic number is unchanged and its mass number decreases by one. Structural isomers are compounds that have the same molar masses, but different elemental composition. have identical structures, but contain different isotopes of the same elements. two or more resonance structures. the same elemental composition, but the atoms are linked in different ways. the same physical properties, but different chemical properties. Use Lewis structures to predict the bond order for a sulfur-oxygen bond in sulfur dioxide. 1/2 1 4/3 3/2 2 Which of the following alcohols is likely to be least soluble in water? 3-pentanol 2-butanol 1,2-ethanediol 1,2,3-propanetriol methanol
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CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

25.

Which of the structures below has the common name m-dichlorobenzene (where m- is meta)?

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

26. a. b. c. d. e. 27. a. b. c. d. e.

What class of compounds is responsible for many of the distinctive odors of artificial flavors and perfumes? ethers aldehydes Esters amides alkenes Complete the following nuclear reaction.

28. a.

Polyvinyl chloride is used in raincoats and pipes. It is produced by the addition reaction of chloroethylene, CH2CHCl. What is the structure of the polymer produced in this reaction? b. c. d. e.

29. a. b. c. d. e.

What is the hybridization of the xenon atom in XeF2? sp sp2 sp3 sp3d sp3d2
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CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

30. a. b. c. d. e. 31.

What is the general formula for a cycloalkane? CnH2n+2 CnH2n CnHn2 Cn+2Hn CnH2n2 The nuclear mass of Boron-10 (10B) is 10.012937 u. Knowing that the mass of a proton 1 (1 H ) is 1.007825 u, and the mass of a neutron ( 01n ) is 1.008665 u, calculate the binding energy of 10B, in MeV. Note: the conversion factor is 931.5 MeV/u. 9327.05 MeV 647.5070 MeV 939.5714 MeV 938.7889 MeV 64.7507 MeV The standard enthalpy change for the combustion of 1 mole of ethene is 1323.1 kJ.

a. b. c. d. e. 32.

C2H4(g) + 3 O2(g) 2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g) Calculate fH for ethene based on the following standard molar enthalpies of formation. molecule CO2(g) H2O(g) a. b. c. d. e. 33. a. b. c. d. e. 1958.4 kJ 687.8 kJ 52.5 kJ +52.5 kJ +687.8 kJ Cobalt-56 has a half-life of 78 days. Starting with 1.42 MBq of this isotope, how much would remain after 312 days? 0.0 MBq 0.044 MBq 0.089 MBq 0.18 MBq 0.36 MBq fH (kJ/mol) 393.5 241.8

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

34. a. b. c. d. e. 35. a. b. c. d. e. 36. a. b. c. d. e.

Enriched uranium is uranium that has a greater proportion of ____. cadmium-112 uranium-235 uranium-238 radium-226 plutonium-248 The Becquerel (Bq) is an SI unit for the measurement of radiation. One Bq represents: 1 J energy absorbed per kg of tissue. 3.7 1010 disintegrations per second. 1 disintegration per second. 1 J energy absorbed per kg of matter. 1 calorie energy absorbed per kg of tissue. Which of the following atoms contains the largest number of neutrons?

37.

Which of the following statements concerning ionic compounds is/are correct? 1. 2. 3. As ion charges increase, the attraction between oppositely charged ions increases. Although not electrically conductive like metals, ionic compounds are malleable. Positive and negative ions are attracted to each other by electrostatic forces.

a. b. c. d. e. 38. a. b. c. d. e.

1 only 2 only 3 only 1 and 3 1, 2, and 3 A precipitate will form when aqueous Pb(NO3)2 is added to an aqueous solution of ____. Cu(NO3)2 CaBr2 NaCH3CO2 Ca(ClO4)2 NaNO3
9

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

39. a. b. c. d. e. 40. a. b. c. d. e. 41. a. b. c. d. e. 42. a.

Which molecule in the reaction below is the reducing agent? 2 C2H6(g) + 7 O2(g) 4 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(g) C2H6 O2 H2O CO2 None How much energy (in kJ) is required to change the temperature of 1.00 kg Fe from 25.0 oC to 1515 oC? The specific heat capacity of iron is 0.449 J/gK. Note: q = Cp m T. 1.49 kJ 3.32 kJ 66.9 kJ 669 kJ 3.32 106 kJ All of the following are oxidation-reduction reactions EXCEPT CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) 2 Na(s) + Br2(g) 2 NaBr(g) Fe(s) + 2 HCl(aq) FeCl2(aq) + H2(g) C(s) + O2(g) 2 CO(g) 2 H2O( ) 2 H2(g) + O2(g) Which of the following is a correct Lewis structure for sulfite ion, SO32? b. c. d. e.

43. a. b. c. d. e.

Place the following molecules in order from smallest to largest HNH bond angles: NH4+, NH3, and NH2. NH4+ < NH3 < NH2 NH4+ < NH2 < NH3 NH2 < NH3 < NH4+ NH2 < NH4+ < NH3 NH3 < NH2 < NH4+

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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44.

Determine the enthalpy change for the oxidation of iron, 4 Fe(s) + 3 O2(g) 2 Fe2O3(s), given the thermochemical equations below. Fe(s) + 3 H2O( ) Fe(OH)3(s) + 3/2 H2(g) H2(g) + 1/2 O2(g) H2O( ) Fe2O3(s) + 3 H2O( ) 2 Fe(OH)3(s) rH = +160.9 kJ rH = 285.8 kJ rH = +288.6 kJ

a. b. c. d. e. 45. a. b. c. d. e. 46.

1648.4 kJ 1182.1 kJ 219.4 kJ +162.8 kJ +1447.1 kJ Which of the following diagrams best represent p-orbitals? 1 only 2 only 3 only 4 only 1 and 2 What process is taking place in the decay of isotope B to isotope D in the figure shown here?
86

Z
No. of protons B D C A

a. b. c. d.

emission - emission emission electron capture or + emission

84

82

N
80 No. of neutrons 126 128 130 132 134 136

47.

If 5.00 g Br2 and 3.00 g NH3 react according to the equation below, what is the maximum mass of ammonium bromide produced? 3 Br2( ) + 8 NH3(g) 6 NH4Br(s) + N2(g) 3.06 g 6.13 g 12.9 g 18.4 g 34.5 g
11

a. b. c. d. e.

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

48. a. b. c. d. e. 49. a. b. c. d. e. 50.

All of the following statements concerning nuclei are true EXCEPT only hydrogen-1 and helium-3 have more protons than neutrons. from He to Ca, stable nuclei have roughly equal numbers of protons and neutrons. isotopes with a low neutron to proton ratio always decay by alpha particle emission. the neutron to proton ratio in stable nuclei increases as mass increases. beyond calcium, the neutron to proton ratio is always greater than one for stable nuclei. If 50.0 g of ethanol, CH3CH2OH, at 20.0 C absorbs 1.45 kJ of heat, what is the final temperature of the ethanol? The specific heat capacity of ethanol is 2.44 J/gK. 8.1 C 21.2 C 31.9 C 47.7 C 90.8 C Which of the following are resonance structures for formate ion, HCO2?

a. b. c. d. e.

1 and 2 2 and 3 3 and 4 1, 3, and 4 2, 3, and 4

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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Part II: answer to questions #1, 2 and 3. Show your calculation in a clear and concise way.

Question 1: Several isomers of C4-based organic molecules with an oxygen atom can exist, with the empirical formula C4H10O. a) Draw the four (4) possible alcohol isomers that you can make with these atoms.

b) Draw at least two (2) other possible molecular structures of the same empirical formula. Name and indicate the functional groups as applicable.

Bonus questions (2 additional marks): give the systematic names of two of the possible molecules above (re-draw the molecules here with their names, for clarity)

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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Part II: answer to questions #1, 2 and 3. Show your calculation in a clear and concise way.

Question 2. Draw the correct Lewis structures, and use the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) model to predict the shape of these following molecules or ions. In all case, indicate the overall electron pair geometry and the molecular geometry. a. COF2 b. SCNc. ICl2d. NO2e. XeO4

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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Part II: answer to questions #1, 2 and 3. Show your calculation in a clear and concise way.

Question 3: One of the major reactions producing Carbon-14 in CANDU reactors is the neutron activation of oxygen-17 present in the heavy water molecules 1 . The short notation of the reaction is 17O(n,)14C, which means (balanced): 4 17 1 14 8 O + 0 n 2 + 6 C a) Using the information from the Table below, calculate the energy change in MeV for the nuclear reaction. Indicate whether it will produce or absorb energy. (assume that the mass of the missing orbital electrons in the product is negligible)
Nuclide
1 0 4 2

Mass (amu) 1.008665 4.001506

Nuclide
14 6 17 8

Mass (amu) 14.00324 16.99913

mass/energy conversion = 931.5 MeV/amu

b) An alternate reaction which also produces 14C is the bombardment of dissolved nitrogen in the heavy water by neutrons. Assuming that 14N is the representative target atom, write a balanced equation for this nuclear reaction.

Bonus question (1 mark): why do we use the alpha particle mass, and not He mass, to calculate the energy change of the reaction above?

*Yim and Caron (2006), Progr. Nucl. Energy, 48, pp. 2-36.

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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Part II: answer to two (2) of the next three questions. Show your calculation in a clear and concise way.

Question 4: Calculate how many millilitres of an HCl solution (0.0503 M) are needed to fully titrate a solution made by mixing 25.2 mL of NaOH 0.0360 M and 16.8 mL of Na2CO3 0.0415 M.

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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Part II: answer to two (2) of the next three questions. Show your calculation in a clear and concise way.

Question 5: The standard heat of formation of MgCl2(s) from its elements magnesium Mg(s) and chlorine gas Cl2(g) is -641 kJ/mol. The following information is also available:
Vaporization of Magnesium, Bond dissociation of chlorine, Ionizations of Magnesium (2), Electron affinity of chlorine, Lattice energy, +148 kJ/mol +242 kJ/mol +2188 kJ/mol -349 kJ/mol ??? kJ/mol

Calculate the lattice energy for magnesium chloride (MgCl2). Show all the balanced reactions and how you have obtained your solution you may use the written approach or the graphical approach with a Born-Haber cycle.

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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Part II: answer to two (2) of the next three questions. Show your calculation in a clear and concise way.

Question 6. For these molecules: a. Predict the bond angles (A, B, C) and the hybridization of the atoms (1, 2, 3) of the following molecules: Angles
A __________ B __________ C __________

Hybridization
1 __________ 2 __________ 3 __________

A C

Angles
A __________ B __________

Hybridization
1 __________ 2 __________ 3 __________

C __________

b. Carbon dioxide could possibly be a resonance hybrid of the three forms && = C = O && : O C O && :: O && C O : O && && && && 1 2 3 Calculate the formal charges on the atoms of the structures shown here.

c. Explain why structures 2 and 3 do not contribute appreciably to the resonance hybrid.

CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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CHMI 1006E final exam F. Caron

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