Grammar:

The Reported Speech:

While reporting statements in an indirect way, using some verbs such as: "He told me that" or "He said that" There are other reporting verbs such as: ask, order, warn, suggest, advise, recommend, etc When the reporting verb is in the past (asked, told, said ), some changes take place concerning verb tenses, modals, pronouns, and time expressions when switching rom the direct speech into the reported speech 1) Tenses: Direct Speech !resent "imple !resent #ontinuous !ast "imple !resent !er ect "imple !ast #ontinuous !) "odals: can could # will would ma$ might must had to % ndirect Speech !ast "imple !ast #ontinuous !ast !er ect "imple !ast !er ect #ontinuous

&) Time 'xpressions: (ow then )ere There # this that # these those or or or or *the other da$) *the previous da$) *the ,ollowing da$) *the previous $ear)

toda$ +esterda$ Tomorrow -ast $ear ! da$s ago

that da$ The da$ be,ore The da$ a,ter The $ear be,ore ! da$s be,ore

.) /uestions:
# 0or +es1 (o 2uestions, we use the reporting verb ( or e$ample: asked or wanted to know % ) + , we use reporting verb ' the 2uestion

# 0or wh#2uestions *what& who& which& why& how& where& when33 ) word that is used in the direct speech%

4ractice
Trans orm these sentences into the reported speech as suggested:
() "Time is over5", the teacher told his students% The teacher told his students that *) "The$ are building a new school here", my ather said% +y ather said 3) ,halid said: 6 7ve visited 8gadir twice56 ,halid told me -) ""$ ,riend has bought me a nice present", said .kram% .kram said /) +y sister: " 7ll do m$ best in the exams tomorrow%" +y sister told me that 0) +y brother: " 7m going to read this novel this week%" +y brother told me that% 1) 2atima: " came ,rom 9agora last "onda$56 2atima said that%% 3) +y riend: ":e didn7t eat ,ish two da$s ago%" +y riend said to me that

() . ather to his son: "Do $ou hear me;6 The ather asked%%% *) .45: ":ho told $ou this stor$;6 .li asked me 3) Teacher: " s this idea clear6" The teacher asked his students -) .mine: ":h$ didn7t $ou visit me last night6" .mine asked his riend%%

() . ather to his son: "keep 2uiet5" The ather ordered *) The electrician told me: "don7t touch this wire5" The electrician warned me

() 7-et<s go to the co,,ee#shop now89, .li said to his riend% .li suggested %%% *) 7+ou should bu$ this laptop, i 5 were you 5 would buy it89 5 said to my riend% 5 advised my riend % 3) The doctor said to me: 7+ou should give up eating =unk ,ood89 The doctor recommended that -) 7"orry to say this but your music is too loud89, my neighbor said% +y neighbour

#ongratulations or your great success & being top o your school Thank you so much or your help