Name: __________________________ Date: _____________ 1.

The text suggests politics exists in part because people differ about two things: Who governs? and ! Who pa"s? #! To what ends? $! With what means? D! %or how long? &! To what extreme? '. The relationship between the two central (uestions addressed b" "our text )Who governs?) and )To what ends?) can best be described in what wa"? ! The" are two distinct (uestions* but each must be considered with the other in mind. #! The" are essentiall" two different versions of the same (uestion. $! Who governs? deals with the purpose of politics+ To what ends? deals with who holds political power. D! The" are two separate and distinct (uestions that should be addressed without reference to each other. &! The" are (uestions which cannot be separated without considering the ver" nature of politics. ,. The fact that the rich are taxed more heavil" than the poor and amendments which gave voting rights to minorities were passed b" large ma-orities suggests that: ! few people pa" close attention to political processes. #! government does not alwa"s adopt policies that are to the narrow advantage of those who hold political offices. $! power is distributed in such a manner that ver" few people can exercise it in a meaningful fashion. D! Who governs? and To what ends? are reall" the same (uestion. &! .nowing who governs is usuall" a good predictor of what policies will be adopted. /. 0ndividuals have power when the" are able to get elected to office. be present at behind1the1scenes political meetings. serve their fellow human beings. get others to do what the" want them to do. vote without being influenced b" outside forces.

! #! $! D! &!

2. $ompared with the 1324s* government5s involvement in the ever"da" lives of mericans in the 1334s is ! about the same. #! slightl" less. $! considerabl" less. D! slightl" greater.
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considerabl" greater. 7. Formal authority refers to a right to exercise power that is derived from a8n! official ceremon". ma-orit" vote. consensus. popular consensus. governmental office.

! #! $! D! &!

9. The text suggests that* in the :nited ;tates* no government at an" level would be considered legitimate if it were not in some sense ! democratic. #! altruistic. $! humanitarian. D! elitist. &! aristocratic. <. ! #! $! D! &! t the time of the $onstitutional $onvention* the view that a democratic government was desirable was alread" waning. close to unanimous. be"ond debate. held b" an elite onl". far from unanimous.

3. The =ree> cit"1state* or polis extended the right to vote to ever"one except ! slaves. #! women. $! minors. D! those without propert". &! ll of the above. 14. The term participatory democracy applies most accuratel" to which of the following societies? ! =reece in the fourth centur" #.$. #! ?odern $hina $! The :nited ;tates since 19<9 D! The ;oviet :nion between 1319 and 1334 &! The ;outheastern :nited ;tates before the $ivil War

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11. @epresentative democrac" allows individuals to gain political power through ! media campaigns. #! (uadrennial elections. $! nonpartisan elections. D! reciprocal elections. &! competitive elections. 1'. The %ramers5 concerns about direct democrac" are well illustrated b" the fact that the Constitution ! onl" uses the word )democrac") once* in the Preamble. #! onl" uses the word )democrac") in reference to $ongress. $! does not feature the word )democrac") at all. D! onl" uses the word )democratic.) &! fre(uentl" uses the word )democrac"*) but never in reference to the enumeration of a formal power. 1,. Which statement best reflects the views of the %ramers of the Constitution? ! &lected officials should register ma-orit" sentiments. #! The government should mediate* not mirror* popular views. $! The views of the people are trustworth" because most are informed and can ma>e reasonable choices. D! government should be able to do a great deal of good* as (uic>l" and as efficientl" as possible. &! ?a-orit" opinion should be irrelevant to the polic"1ma>ing process. 1/. $ritics of representative democrac" have pointed out all of the following except ! it responds too slowl". #! it serves special interests. $! it is unresponsive to ma-orit" opinion. D! it does not ade(uatel" protect basic liberties. &! a and c. 12. :nder what circumstances would ma-oritarian politics normall" not be effective? ! When a political leader feels sharpl" constrained b" what most people want #! Wwhen an issue is sufficientl" important to command the attention of most citiAens $! When an issue is too complicated or technical for most citiAens to understand D! When an issue is sufficientl" feasible so that what citiAens want done can in fact be done &! ll of the above.

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17. &lite theor" is based upon all of the following premises except: ! ?a-oritarian politics are not alwa"s controlling. #! When ma-oritarian politics are not controlling* polic" is li>el" to be shaped b" those who go through the trouble to be active participants in politics. $! 0n general* the number of active participants in politics will be small 8relative to the total number of potential participants!. D! Despite their small numbers* those who are active participants in politics generall" reflect the t"pes of people in the general population and the viewpoints of most citiAens. &! The actual distribution of power* even in a democrac"* will depend importantl" on the composition of the political elites. 19. Which of the following was not an important source of theories explaining political elites? ! ;igmund %reud #! .arl ?arx $! $. Wright ?ills D! ?ax Weber &! ll of the above. 1<. ?arx5s view of government would dispose one to view an administration5s proposal of a large militar" budget as a8n! ! search for national securit". #! exercise in bargaining and compromise. $! service to defense corporations. D! threat to world peace. &! plo" to appease the international communit". 13. $. Wright ?ills was concerned that a coalition of three groups dominated politics and government. Be labeled the members of this coalition )the ! bourgeoisie.) #! shadow government.) $! leadership triangle.) D! elite ensemble.) &! power elite.) '4. $. Wright ?ills suggested the most important policies are set b" ! corporate leaders. #! top militar" officials. $! a handful of >e" political leaders. D! ll of the above. &! None of the above.

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'1. That a comparativel" tin" group of individuals holds the greatest political power could be agreed on b" both ! Toc(ueville and Dahl. #! Dahl and $. Wright ?ills. $! $. Wright ?ills and .arl ?arx. D! .arl ?arx and Toc(ueville. &! Truman and Dahl. ''. ?ax Weber might remind an individual who is upset at the prospect of radical change in law and polic" following a presidential election that ! presidents rarel" act in opposition to the polic" goals of the power elite. #! there are thousands of governmental emplo"ees who remain in their -obs before* during and after such elections and the" have a considerable amount of power and discretion. $! power is so widel" dispersed and difficult to maintain* there is little chance of an" real potential for change. D! corporate leaders generall" insist on change regardless of who wins presidential elections. &! onl" militar" leaders and >e" figures in $ongress can cause real change in law and polic". ',. ! #! $! D! &! ccording to the text* the pluralist view has man" followers in political science and -ournalism. histor" and sociolog". economics. philosoph" and ethics. ps"cholog" and anthropolog".

'/. The pluralist view holds all of the following except ! No single elite has a monopol" on political resources. #! 6olicies are the result of a complex pattern of shifting alliances. $! 6olitical resources are not distributed e(uall". D! 6olitical elites are divided. &! 6olitical elites do not respond to the interests of their followers. '2. Which of the following conceptualiAes the widest distribution of political poweror places it in the largest number of hands? ! .arl ?arx #! $. Wright ?ills $! ?ax Weber

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D! &! '7. ! #! $! D! &!

The pluralists The power elite ccording to Toc(ueville* mericans are fond of explaining their actions in terms of self1interest. moral precepts. religious commitments. disinterested and spontaneous impulses. philosophical s>epticism.

'9. The text cites the %C1$0D5s civil rights position in the 1374s as an example of ! an innocent b"stander caught up in a battle between opposing forces. #! an organiAation as a whole acting politicall" out of considerations broader than its members5 individual interests. $! the subtle wa"s in which obstructionism can be exercised in Washington. D! how economic interests lead directl" to polic" preferences. &! the manner in which interest groups can impose their viewpoints on large ma-orities. '<. Which of the following statements is incorrect? ! 0n the 13'4s it was widel" assumed that the federal government would pla" a small role in our lives. #! %rom the 13,4s to the 1394s it was generall" believed that the federal government should tr" to solve social and economic problems. $! @eagan sought to reverse the trend of expanding governmental power. D! No simple theor" of politics is li>el" to explain both the growth and cut bac> of federal power. &! None of the above. '3. Which of the following statements about political power )who governs) is most accurate? ! The >e" to understanding power is understanding the monetar" costs of different political decisions. #! 6olitical power can usuall" be inferred b" >nowing what laws are on the boo>s. $! 6olitical power can usuall" be inferred b" >nowing what administrative actions have been ta>en. D! 6ower cannot be realiAed without institutional arrangements. &! ?ost power derives from ps"chological and social factors such as friendship* lo"alt"* and prestige. ,4. The trouble with tr"ing to infer the distribution of political power from examining the

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! #! $! D! &!

laws on the boo>s is that laws ma" be enacted in a great variet" of circumstances. laws are made to be bro>en. legislative codes ma" be so obscure as to def" an"one5s comprehension. man" congressional enactments never get recorded at all. the -udicial branch is rarel" independent from the legislative branch.

,1. The text argues that we can >now who governs without >nowing to what ends. ! True #! %alse ,'. The goals of a particular administration will not be obvious from its part" affiliation. ! True #! %alse ,,. =overnment policies do not alwa"s favor the people who are in the government. ! True #! %alse ,/. 6ower is to be found in all human relationships. ! True #! %alse ,2. 0n the 1324s* the federal government would have ta>en little interest in a universit" refusing to accept an applicant. ! True #! %alse ,7. Dne can have political power even if one does not possess formal authorit". ! True #! %alse ,9. ! #! ristotle5s notions of democrac" were based on governments that actuall" allowed onl" a small percentage of the populace to participate. True %alse

,<. The terms participatory democracy and rule of the many are s"non"mous.

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! #!

True %alse

,3. $ommunit" control of citiAen participation is urged toda" as a variant of classical democrac". ! True #! %alse /4. The word )democrac") does not appear in the :.;. Constitution. ! True #! %alse

Answer Key AP CH. 9

1. '. ,. /. 2. 7. 9. <. 3. 14. 11. 1'. 1,. 1/. 12. 17. 19. 1<. 13. '4. '1. ''. ',. '/. '2. '7. '9. '<. '3. # # D & & & & & $ # D $ D $ & D $ # & $ # & &

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,4. ,1. ,'. ,,. ,/. ,2. ,7. ,9. ,<. ,3.
40. A

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