Current Affairs and Related rightups

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1. Admin-all the polity, Admin, Development related items 2.International Relations 3. Science and technology 4. economics

--------------------------------------------------------------------------Admin-all the polity, Admin, Development related items

SRI LANKAN ISSUE

Generally we know the extent of these two countries issues- mainly fisheries related. its a static issue where the problems of these countries revolve around this matter maximum. If we see through the current issue of this, firstly coming to Indian side Tamil Nadu fishers have recently begun calling for including them in the list of India's 'tribal population'. From government end Kaka Kalelkar Commission, Lokur Committee known as Mandal Commission for demanding 'Scheduled Tribes' status and attendant benefits for the fishing communities spread across the nation's long coast. General our country has laws as every person in India knows that the regions and resources and the culture of Scheduled tribes is to be protected against over exploitation including mining of minerals. This demand from fisherman's is forcing us to think in the extended dimension which is to protect the Indian ocean fisher limits by ST laws. From Constitution end, the 'tribal property' cannot be assigned or transferred to 'nonSTs' or non-locals, as the case may be, to check against exploitation of the man and his means to livelihood. judicial pronouncements, at times revived Naxalite activities in the tribal-belt have played a 'Boy Scout' role, so to say. If we see through tribal regions -media expose of the tribal population in deep forests and the hinterland being exploited by illegal liquor traders, usurpers and rapists. Seldom had those rights been expanded to cover almost all 'forest property', both above and below the land surface, as 'tribal property', and conferring unspecified and unassigned 'ownership' and 'possession' on the local tribes. Rights are rarely protected above and below the land, as tribal property is prone to unassigned ownership and illegal ownerships. The mood of the higher judiciary on tribal rights in recent years has two broad

components. One is to protect the 'tribal owners' ownership and possession of the forest lands, from incursions and intrusion by 'outsiders'. Second and more important are the judicial pronouncements against 'overexploitation' of the forest wealth, again by 'outsiders', including the State, State institutions and State-licensed private 'entrepreneur-exploiter'. In the lost humanity there is a little light for judicial protection. helping in relative longevity of natural resources that are available to mankind for development for a longer period than is otherwise expected and exploited.

'Coming to fishing community

'Scheduled Tribe' identity can work in more ways than one. If declared the fisher's territory will bound to protection and constant suvelliance over mass exploitation. governmental at the Centre and in the States need to rethink in this angle for brighter future for the fisherman's community and between them too. ever since the Centre call trawling as a forex earner, 'traditional fishing communities' have suffered. Problems of non-fishery community entering into srilankan lands will be reduced. This, more than the later-year indulgence by the Sri Lanka Navy (SLN) at the height of the 'ethnic war' in the country, was the main reason for Indian trawlers crossing the IMBL. This has also been the reason for the Sri Lankan Government and the Tamil fishers in that country opposing 'trespassing' and 'poaching' by Tamil Nadu fishers, from time to time.

shoals and stocks

Through a bilateral agreement in 2008, Sri Lanka granted permission for Tamil Nadu fishers to cross the IMBL, for practising their vocation. It is in this context, for instance, the 2010 agreement between fishers' representatives from India and Sri Lanka assume significance - and relevance. For obvious reasons that are mostly legal, it does not acknowledge the 'traditional rights' of Indian fishers in Sri Lankan waters. Yet, it does facilitate fishing by Indian fishers in Sri Lankan waters. Better still, it seeks to regulate fishing in those waters, and curb the continuing overexploitation, which is well documented and acknowledged, too. The argument cannot be extended to cover the fishing community. There, however, the argument still may hold good, that most 'exploiter-fishers', if they could be called so, do not belong to 'traditional fishing communities ultimately the biosphere reserve damage from shoals to shocks.

Need for a specific ministry

Central to the problem is the existing politico-administrative structure in the country. the Union Government is yet to consider 'fisheries' worthy of a separate ministry and minister with a mission and mandate to call their own. In Tamil Nadu, for instance, for political reasons, fisheries is a separate ministry, with an independent minister. need for minimum support price, export/import variables, bilateral and multilateral issues and problems pertaining to fishing, particularly in the Sri Lankan context, have come to be treated as a diplomatic episode, not a livelihood issue despite an agreement between the fishers in the two countries as far back as 2010, still arrest of fisherman exists. Reason- absence of fishery ministry the Indian Coast Guard too has been known to have arrested Sri Lankan fishers for violating the Indian territorial waters. Both end up spending days and weeks in each other's prisons, with no permanent solution It is also here the 'ethnic issue' in Sri Lanka has had a role to play, almost from day one. All Indian fishers harassed and/or arrested in Sri Lankan waters are from Tamil Nadu. Almost all Sri Lankan fishers arrested in Indian waters are Sinhalas. Rarely is there a Sri Lankan Tamil fisher arrested in Indian waters. If there is one, it would have been for other reasons. The temptation for the 'competitive' Tamil Nadu polity to mix up the fishers' issue with the larger 'ethnic issue' in Sri Lanka cannot be overlooked. The same applies to Gujarat fishers crossing the international borders into Pakistani borders, of their brethren from West Bengal getting into Bangladesh waters. Addressing the 'livelihood issues' of Indian fishers in Indian waters involve ensuring that there are enough stocks for them to catch and make a decent living out of it, There is also a need to restructure the administrative set-up in the States.

CHOGM Issue: From international eyes.......

The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) took place in Colombo, Sri Lanka in November, 2013. The theme for this years CHOGM was Growth with Equity: Inclusive Development. They adopted the Colombo Declaration on Sustainable, Inclusive and Equitable Development. Due to alleged war crime srilankan military during the phase of eelam war and poor human right records, there was a call for boycott for CHOGM meet. Though such calls were largely ignored, the Prime Ministers of Canada, India and Mauritius among others decided not to attend the meet reportedly to express their concerns against the Lankan governments atrocities on the Tamils. The prime minister of UK, David Cameron, on the other hand, decided to attend the meet and raise his concerns on alleged human rights violations. Cameron gave an ultimatum to the Rajapaksa government to complete an independent investigation of the alleged war crimes by March 2014 failing which he threatened to push for international investigation through the United Nations Human

Rights Commission (UNHRC). Issue pressed by Cameron-human rights conditions should be improved by the governments of countries with international community. but Sri Lanka remained unchanged. Japan too requested the same Srilanka rejected international investigation.

There are possibilities of meeting serious consequences in the UNHRC in March 2014. Colombo had thought that the CHOGM would provide an opportunity to project its developmental activities (infrastructure) and reconstruction of the post-war economy to the world. Participants in the CHOGM also came face to face with the restrictions on peaceful protest and freedom of expression. There is a view in Lanka that CHOGM did more harm than good. It also failed to make the main opposition attend the summit. In economic terms too, CHOGM did not prove lucrative for the service industry. the threat of international investigation as interference of Sri Lankas internal affairs. Rajapaksa reportedly said that it was extremely unfair to issue such ultimatum when the government was already working towards genuine reconciliation. it has to take some affirmative measures as it still chairs the meet for still 2 years Even without Camerons statement, the government would have had to make visible progress on these issues before the March 2014 UNHRC session. Rajapaksa governments damage-control diplomacy seems to be spending more time on buying time rather than initiating concrete measures to convince the international community of its intentions. It remains to be seen whether the government initiates credible measures to correct its human rights records or starts preparations for the Presidential election.

References: from newspaper- hindu- three months of reading and related articles. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Laws Needed a Machine.

Rights for citizens are very much secured and constitutionally rigid in the book of law. In courts- high court appealed for right for women and is most emphasized one and need to be looked upon.

Recently, a 20-year-old Santhal tribal woman case

Societies sanctioning rape and sexual assault has been become tradition in india.

Societies arediktat committee and kangaroo courts (salishi sabha) clan-based khap panchayats and sabhas have had a long history in India. Khaps are the unconstitutional and informal law-giving bodies that have captured much rural terrain in north and eastern India. They mostly have traditional authority. They have much power in the society only rendering pain and miseries to people located in that area mostly using women as its bait. Awarding honour killings. Still states being blind eyes on these subjects. Still women's acts are considered to be outrageous and unacceptable. violence against women in various forms has reached epic proportions like physical torture, mental torture, marital rapes etc.

International Men and Gender Equality Survey (IMAGES)

on gender attitudes shows 68 per cent of the Indian men surveyed agreed that women should tolerate violence to keep their families together 65 per cent believed that sometimes a woman deserves to be beaten and some little etc statistics which says that women always bears the brunt.

India's movements towards these issues

Legislature alone cant stop this menace and violence. People reluctant to register case due to fear or lack of confidence or guidance in the case. Assault on women is taking a new turn to communal riots where the result of violence can be seen on women. landmark Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013- new definition- Stalking, voyeurism, acid attacks were brought under the Act as punishable crimes. age of consent raised to 18(all penetrative sexual acts will now constitute statutory rape)- this issue can be linked to juvenile justice cases and acts. Still lot of effort needed on marital rapes and sexualt assult in the criminal acts of parliament. the gender situation in India needs to be understood through this process of rights expansion and the pushback it gets from society. Indian rural area police presence is quiet very low- giving green ticket to khaps.

Solution:

Expansion of rights for women which does not stop them from building capabilities, economic career. Independency from male domination. Here more points can be added from the present land distribution system. Equal share of property to women and security of girl child by proper capital allocation. Counselling to women and compelling them to join the modern world approaches. Diktats and related societies have to be reduced and can be done by effective police and bureucratic power. These societies mostly under cut women's rights and make families having women and girls as children to live in fear and dispair.

Current govt system failing to handle this issue. the Indian state seems to be saying that its job is done when it passes good legislation but its wrong rights doesnt automatically implement itself, its need a machine, a strong machine with effectiveness to cut this diktat and related socities into bitter pieces.

References:http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/good-laws-badimplementation/article5639799.ece

Bill for people with disability moved in Rajya Sabha

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Bill, 2014, was introduced in the upper house. Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation in this current bill. seeking to increase reservation for disabled persons in public sector jobs from existing 3% to 5% and reserve seat for them in higher educational institutions. At present, the reservation for the disabled is only 3% in the ratio of 1% each for the physically, visually and hearing-impaired persons. The new Bill, if passed by the Parliament, will extend the quota by 2%, covering two new additional categories - mentally disabled and people with multiple disabilities. Various Disabled Rights Groups had, however, protested against the Bill in its current form, saying the provisions were not in tune with the norms of UN convention.

Proposed amendments: 1. high support and rehabilitation. 2.in all aspects enjoy legal rights 3. all educational institutions funded or recognised by government institution provide inclusive education. 4. ensuring reasonable accommodation. 5. government to identify post in the government sector. UN Frameworks For Disability Legislation: (a) International treaties that are binding on States and create legal obligations to the States Parties.

All international human rights instruments protect the human rights of persons with disabilities, as they apply to all persons. This principle of universality is reinforced by the principles of equality and nondiscrimination, which are included in human rights instruments.

The core United Nations human rights conventions are:

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman and Degrading Treatment or Punishment ; Convention on the Rights of the Child; International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families

Some international and regional human rights conventions protect the rights of persons with disabilities specifically, or have provisions concerning persons with disabilities. These include:

ILO Convention concerning Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Inter-American Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Persons With Disabilities Convention on the Rights of the Child (article 23); African Charter of Human and People's Rights (art. 18(4)); the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (article 13); European Social Charter (article 15); and Protocol of San Salvador (Additional Protocol to the American Convention on Human Rights in the Area of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ) (article 6 & 9) International human rights treaties are binding on States Parties that have ratified the instruments. Some universal instruments, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and some specific provisions, such as the principle of non-discrimination, have become part of customary international law and are considered binding on all States, even those that have not ratified a human rights treaty that embodies norms of customary law.

(b) International instruments that are non-binding, such as declarations and rules, and are useful in interpreting international standards and implementing them in national legislation.

International instruments, such as declarations, resolutions, principles, guidelines and rules, are not technically legally binding. They express generally-accepted principles and represent a moral and political commitment by States. They also can be used as guidelines for States in enacting legislation and formulating policies concerning persons with disabilities.

Several disability-specific non-binding international instruments have been adopted at the international level. The instruments include:

Declaration of the Rights of Mentally-Retarded Persons, Declaration on the Rights of Disabled Persons,

World Programme of Action concerning Disabled Persons, Tallinn Guidelines for Action on Human Resources Development in the Field of Disability, Principles for the Protection of Persons with Mental Illness and the Improvement of Mental Health Care, Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities, ILO Recommendation concerning Vocational Rehabilitation of the Disabled, ILO Recommendation concerning Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons), Sundberg Declaration on Actions and Strategies for Education, Prevention and Integration, adopted by the UNESCO World Conference on Actions and Strategies for Education, Prevention and Integration, Malaga (Spain), 2 - 7 November 1981, Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action on Special Needs Education, adopted by the UNESCO World Conference on Special Needs Education: Access and Quality, Salamanca (Spain), 7 - 10 June 1994 . In addition, a General Comment on persons with disabilities has been given by the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. General Comments are authoritative statements of the Committee of its understanding of rights enshrined in the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. General Comments, adopted by most human rights treaty bodies, can be used to guide States in the implementation of international human rights norms, and to measure the level of compliance of States Parties with regard to the specific rights contained in human rights conventions.

Application of International Conventions, Standards and Norms to Domestic Law a) International Convention

Its slow and complex but yet fundamental. States are primarily responsible for transforming legislative, administrative and judicial practices, to empower persons with disabilities to exercise their rights. States that have become Parties to an international convention are legally bound to implement the provisions contained in the convention in their domestic jurisdiction. International law leaves it to States to adopt such legislative and other measures, consistent with their constitutional processes

Three main methods are available to implement international legal instruments in domestic law: (1) Direct incorporation of rights recognised in the international instrument into what may be termed a "bill of rights" in the national legal order. (2) Enactment of different legislative measures in the civil, criminal and administrative laws to give effect to the rights recognised in international legal instruments. (3) Self-executing operation of international legal instruments in the national legal order.

The course of the legislative process will differ according to the relevant domestic legal systems. For instance, incorporation of international human rights principles and norms in

national constitutions - or similar documents - remains the most important way of bringing national laws in conformity with international standards. In relation to economic, social and cultural rights, implementation will differ from one country to another, depending on their level of development. Yet, all countries require major programme efforts. The obligation of States Parties in the international human rights instruments to promote progressive realization of the relevant rights to the maximum of their available resources

(b) Role of domestic courts - incorporation of international norms and standards by domestic courts.

Direct application of international law by domestic courts also can play an important role in implementing international human rights norms Furthermore, judicial initiatives may propel executive and legislative branches of Governments to act with regard to drafting, enforcing and evaluating disability legislation. The greater the extent to which international norms on disability is widely known, the greater the possibility of domestic courts complying with these norms.

Why Various Disabled Rights protest against the Bill in its current form, saying the provisions were not in tune with the norms of UN convention? 1. The UN convention laws and programs are not been properly reached to the law making in india. 2. Due to judicial intervention deeply makes the legislation vacillation in action. 3. Less programme efforts. 4. The binding and non binding principles and guidelines are not yet penetrated into india and proper response, effort for disability bill needed. 5. International laws will have different effect for our subcontinent. 6. Public opinion and interventions is needed in this bill. 7. Voice of the grieving people(disabled people) have to be heard and considered.

Rererences:http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bill-for-people-with-disability-movedin-rajya-sabha/article5664657.ece and self notes.

Pressure on farmland

Government want to ease the restriction on the current FDI investment on farmlands.

Past issues:

Foreign Exchange Management Act regulations prohibit the use of FDI funds to buy farmland. Any purchase of this kind would be imposition of heavy fines.

Latest Govt Moments:

Thinking to revoke these restriction.

Reason:

Government feels that the infrastructure development in the agricultural farmlands needs to be improved at express rate. So restriction on FDI is the main reason.

Affects:

Unchecked FDI flows. unrestricted acquisition and unplanned conversion of farmland and lead to hoarding of land. shrinkage of per capita ownership of agricultural land and the demand to produce more food Affects the Land aquisition act. Major blow to Food security as we need land to grow grains. Again making a blunder of Uncontrolled FDI investments which would lead to rupee destabilizing and burden in exporters. The National Policy for Farmers, announced in 2007, insisted that the government conserve productive land and allow any change in use only under exceptional circumstances. So these two policies

1. National policies for farmers 2. Policy of lifting restriction on FDI flows on farmlands. has not made any distinction between foriegn and domestic investments.

government has not acted on a recommendation to revive land use boards No implementation on the idea of delineating and integrating land utilisation zones under the development plans. These measures are necessary to map the availability of land and coordinate demands for it.

Govt works for prevention of land exploitation.

Need urban development process

preventing detrimental effects on agriculture and environment.

References: http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/editorial/pressure-onfarmland/article5649737.ece

International relations
India and Japan:

Prime Minister Abe visited india as the chief guest for this year's Republic Day festival. India and Japan can honestly say that they are not building relations in hostility against China; but it is right for them to plan for the eventuality of Chinese hostility The Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) signed between India and Japan in 2011- given out a clear signal to the world about the seriousness of the relationship. Slashing tariff on more apparel, agriculture products, machinery, labour and investments. two different kinds of economic predicaments faced by both the countries.

1. Japan has suffered from deflation for more than a decade now, 2. India in recent times has reeled under price rise.

Japan trying to come out from depression depression that has long befallen the ageing nation by engaging in massive quantitative easing that would inject liquidity into the system, boost demand, unleash investments, and drive up prices. It is in testing times such as these that mutual cooperation can actually benefit both countries. cooperation between India and Japan must be with a joint action.

amids cold war

recent ADIZ (air defence identification zone) issue has been a bitter experience for the japan external affairs. In this cold war India has been careful and its interesting to see it taking liberalization stance in economy and em-brassing globalization.

On the strategic side of things

Japan's economic cooperation with India is also a hedge against a rising China which is a direct threat to Japan as also India, if to a lesser extent. japan is looking forward towards india trilateral talks between US, India and Japan firmly counterbalances the Chinese aggressiveness in the region. but Chinese aspirations to establish itself as a regional hegemon may not go unchallenged. While China's trade volume with India far surpasses Indo-Japanese trade

Japanese commercial ties with India are deep-rooted and go beyond just trade.

Japan-India

The realation between Japan- India depends on the context of china's expansion. The existing world depends on the power of politics and balance of power. India which is slashed with the problem of national security needs alies for international distribution of power. "This is comedy-aisa nahi ho sakta" all countries need some organising principle. India can take the advantage of this china- japan cold war in a very planned and effective way by not disturbing the war definitions. How far china will prove an alarmingly assertive power, throwing its weight about aggressively, and how far a constructive, if self-centred, leader in shaping a new, equitable world order, is a question that has spawned quite an industry, but leaving everyone guessing. There is an unwelcomed possibility from china where always india bears the brunt for the consequences. Matter is- first depends on Chinese attitudes, the latter on your own capabilities. Since no regional country comes anywhere near Chinas present capabilities, leave alone tomorrows, each must strengthen its own, which includes building partnerships. Each will strenuously and genuinely maintaining these relationships are not aimed at harming, or even containing, but if china thinks its a major threat, then as i said India will shoulder the serious effects and consequences from china.

Territorial integrity

China surely knows that how it appears to others inevitably shapes their policies. We should not fight shy of readying ourselves for unpleasant eventualities, nor imagine that these wont happen if we do not give China cause for misunderstanding. regard to our national security there is surely a clear and imperative organising principle: do whatever you must to ensure territorial integrity. we should keep trying for a relationship, with both our neighbours,with peaceful cooperation outweighs any calculations of gains from conflict. But the surest way to preclude conflict is to manifest capabilities which make it too costly. If miscalculation or mischance should nevertheless cause eruption, nobody will help us: we would have to cope alone as i said earlier. We are nowhere near equipped for that, on the ground or, even more importantly, in our thinking for lone battle against leading powerful countries and not even courage to challenge a small country. Japans interest in us should at least be a stimulus for the thinking part, as well as leading potentially to improving our ground position. Chinese hegemonism makes all affected countries rethink how to safeguard their interests. We Indians are often accused of not overcoming our neighbours animosities towards us, but Chinas are not exactly in love with it.

Unlike us, however, China enjoys a respect that shapes its neighbours behaviour towards it. we hope we can soon also ask what Delhi might think. That hope has kept fading, thanks entirely to us, but is still there; Japan has emerged as one country that looks actively to its realisation.

Why India cant see this reality

That nobody is about to attack you tomorrow does not mean there is no clear and present danger demanding preparation for tomorrow. It has already suffered because our opposing parties would rather gather sticks to beat each other than agree not to play cheap politics on even a handful of issues of vital national importance. They have let our defence procurement become an inadequate patchwork, ignored both the essentiality of developing a strategic-thinking defence apparatus and the disturbingly unhappy civil-military relations and, not least, not allowed India to function as a serious player in the increasingly complex and demanding international arena. Recently handling the "kobragade diplomatic issue" in a hapezadle way. Srilankan tamils still rotting in jails. security border conflicts from china and pak still unsolved, now and then listening to news about cross border fires. One simple question can be a surprisingly useful pointer in working out our international relationships: which countries welcome a rise of India, and which dislike it? Japan is clearly wishing us well, as we wish it for them. There is no point in pretending that China does not drive us both more than our bilateral hopes might do otherwise, but there is no harm in that reality. We can both honestly say we are not building relations in hostility against China; but it is right and proper for us to examine what to do if China acts in hostility against us. before this day comes india must become self sufficient with decision with strong national security with key player in the asian politics and well equiped defence arena. Long dependent solely on its alliance with America for its national security, Japan is now looking for the best ways to rely more on itself, and play a greater role in the search for Asian stability. In our totally changed world, we ourselves have evolved to cooperate strategically with the U.S. Doing so with Japan is most important. Just how reliable a partner Japan might consider us depends on our future functioning. Fortunately, most political parties can be expected to welcome cooperation with Japan. In translating into policies his striking devotion to his countrys greatness, Prime Minister Abe has somehow included a special liking for India.

India-Syria

India must determine what the Syrian conflict would mean to it After three years of a brutal civil war in Syria, Also, for the first time, India has been invited to this important forum to deliberate on Syrias future in geneva II where world is watching. India has an official position for the negotiations, it has largely viewed the conflict from a global perspective. India is cursorily grouped with either the American or Russian camps, but Indias own assessment of the conflict is little discussed. It would mean a lot for our country as tide is turning during one of the global player. Islamic fundamentalism has grown rapidly among the rebels over the last two years. Fuelled by international support, al-Qaeda offshoots Jabhat al-Nusra and ISIL grew in rank and were joined by several others the Islamist Front, the Syrian Revolutionaries Front and Al-Mujahideen. While moderate forces like the Free Syrian Army exist, the conflict has quite definitively become about religion for the rebels. rebels will control about two-thirds of territory and oil resources. Syrias slide into a religiously driven conflict and a possibly radical regime is not good news for India.

the problem in syria

is is religious, ethnic and economic as much as it is political. The democracy narrative traces the roots of the conflict to the March 2011 military crackdown of pro-democracy protesters in Daraa which triggered widespread rebellion in Syria. the demands for political reform were limited; Syria had faced a four-year drought which reduced two-million people to extreme poverty, unemployment and starvation. long-simmering tension of religious and national identity; many in Syrias Sunni majority could not accept the rule of Bashar al-Assad with his Alawite, Shiite and Christian associations.

US eagle eyes

For the United States, bringing down Mr. Assad would champion its pro-democracy record, dispose of an anti-U.S. regime and constrict Iranian and Russian influence in the Middle East. It would also appease its ally, Israel. For Russia and Iran, Syria is the last foothold in the Middle East; almost every other regime supports America.

India

India faced an impossible balancing act, given its friendly relations with every rival the U.S., Russia, Iran, Israel, Syria a fact that amazes observers. India took a position in alliance with BRICS which eventually sided with Russia, an apt choice given Indian priorities. India does notsource any oil from Syria but still Syria is home to few Indian

expatriates, the impact of the war on those issues is indirect. An important Indian priority that is commonly discussed is the opportunity for India to conduct itself as a responsible global power, mojor goal is to fit for a seat at the U.N. Security Council.

Ironically, what should be a chief concern, but remains undiscussed,

Syria is coming close to shifting from an India-friendly regime to a possibly hostile, Islamist regime. For all his flaws, Bashar al-Assad runs one of the few secular regimes in the Middle East.

Syria brains on india

India supports Syrias right to the Golan Heights, and in exchange for what really syria things for our kashmir issue is that Indias position in that Kashmir is a bilateral issue. Such support is rare in the Arab world; Arab League does not take a stance on Kashmir, it tends to empathies with Pakistan. Mr. Assad supports Indias bid for a Security Council seat.

conclusion

The support syria giving is like a big thanks giving. But the stance that syrian government is taking in its internal disturbance is violence. how much it becomes hostile to external global countries is a matter of concern. It has to stop its handling approach on its civil rebellion matters with little friendly intervention countries like india. India may not make a global impact on syria but still it play a major role in this Geneva II negotiations.

India-South Korea

India and South Korea enjoy warm and friendly relations. South Korean President Park Geun-hyes recently visit to India the following three elements as a common vision:

1. stronger high level political cooperation, 2. open economic and trade environment 3. deeper cultural understanding.

In order to implement the common vision, they agreed to set the following policy directions:

1. strengthening bilateral strategic communication channels in the political and security field; 2. consolidating the institutional framework for economic cooperation and creating more favourable conditions for further expansion of trade and investment; 3. deepening mutual understanding by expanding cultural exchanges and people-topeople interactions 4. closely cooperating with each other as partners on the regional and international stages to address common challenges of mankind so as to usher in a new era of prosperity for the international community. Both the countries signed nine pacts, including the Agreement on the Protection of Classified Military Information, the MoU on Joint applied research, negotiations for revision of the existing Double Taxation Avoidance Convention POSCO

One of the major focus of Parks visit was to discuss about the final clearance for the multi billion dollar POSCO Steel Plant and the Port project in Odisha, which is one of the major South Korean ventures in India. In 2005, the project was initially proposed to be set up in the coastal town of Jagatsinghpur (Odisha). Not much progress could be achieved due to several factors like environmental clearance, delay in land procurement and popular protest. However just few weeks ahead of Parks visit, the Ministry of Environment and Forests gave the go ahead for the POSCO plant.very funny. The Odisha government too has managed to provide about 2700 acres of land and instead of setting up a 12 million tones per annum steel plant (as proposed originally), it has been decided that the project would go ahead with 8 million tones. India has assured South Korea that grant of mining concession for the project is at an advanced stage and so the project could finally move ahead. But india didn't answered to the questions of 2700 acres land aquisition and complications linking to clearance of this project.

This POSCO issue can be linked to land problems and government provoking naxalites. As our supreme court ordered after the Uttarakand tragedy- need for proper disaster management and impact assessment is not seen in this POSCO project. Finally Environmental minister gave a green signal. These big projects need clearence in one way because india need foreign investment to come out of this low growth rate and to welcome more FDI's. But keeping environment at stake and not learning from past mistakes will definitely damage india in one way or the other.

Conclusion India-South Korea relations have come a long way since the establishment of their diplomatic relationship in 1973. Throughout the Cold War, the ideological differences largely deterred the two countries from realizing the full potential of the relationship. Indias growing emphasis on its Look East Policy and South Koreas New Asia Diplomatic Initiative has helped elevate the relationship to one of strategic partnership. In the coming years, the two can expand their sphere of cooperation in areas like intelligence sharing, infrastructure development projects (e.g., shipping). At the multilateral level, they can even explore the possibility of cooperation with countries like Japan in sectors like maritime security, counter terrorism, drug trafficking, climate change, UNPKOs, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief activities, etc.

India-Look east policy and Golden triangle

upto now India is looking ahead for strong look east policy in the BCMI corridor. By recent agreement, India can access markets in China's west and southwest, through the North eastern borders. but major issue is the narcotic business which is very much lucrative and uncontrollable in the east region.

Golden triangle

Bordering Myanmar to the east are the four Indian states of Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland. Golden Triangle is a region between the borders of Myanmar, Laos, and ThailandGenerally a water way which is helping illegal trading of drugs. A decade ago, the Golden Triangle supplied half the worlds heroin. regional players- drug barons backed by ethnic militias in Myanmar have turned to trafficking massive quantities of amphetamines and methamphetamines (drugs)if u seen breaking bad tele serial u would understand the use of this- pet name 'meth' manufactured using chemicals. narcotics now dominate the Myanmar part of the Triangle. civilian government neutral stance on this drug groups is helping them the most to reign the land.

Advantage to these groups is the open market present before them to pillar their produced 'meth' and penetrating into adjacent countries and states. The Myanmar government can do little to counter drug trafficking in the Golden Triangle as traffickers are well organized Chinese syndicates operating from outside Myanmar The United War State Army (UWSA)-ethnic militia is sustained by narcotics money in addition to arms contraband.

China's reaction:

Chinas Yunnan province has a 1997-km border with Myanmar and narcotics have adversely affected many Chinese border villages. people over there-two-thirds of drug users infected with HIV due to sharing contaminated injections. In 2000, taking advantage of the ongoing conflicts in Shan state in Myanmar, China persuaded the ethnics to relocate with their drug production units from the Myanmar-China border to the Myanmar-Thailand border. Due to this the problem has been dumped on thailand- shame on china. why china did like this- china wanted to have access to Myanmar road links which is most important for trade. Due to this china aided the rebels with arms and ammunition and in return access to myanmar trade links. However China still suffers narcotics trafficking, with 3.2 tons of ATS seized in the Yunnan province in 2009. One good work till now china done in this issue is- taking measures in the pharmaceutical industry to deter illegal drug production.

Implications to North-east India.

welcomes to complications- they are it promises development and investments. On the other hand, it invites the danger of rapid flow of illicit drugs and arms. Each states data from the National AIDS Control Organisation reports show high numbers of HIV-related diseases and volumes of drug trafficking. Narcotics and contraband firearms are regularly trafficked across the unmanned border as the routes of western Myanmar are controlled by Indias north-east insurgents. Manipur has witnessed huge quantities of contraband high Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride (PH)-content drugs, manufactured in India, being trafficked into Myanmar for processing narcotics especially heroin.

Solution from India's side

without effective drug control mechanisms that guarantee that illicit trade is kept to the minimum, the adverse consequences of illicit drugs on Northeast society could leave long term negative effects. India should establish institutional mechanisms with China, Myanmar and Thailand to counter-illicit trafficking. address the social impact of drug addiction, spread the word about the ill effects of drug abuse in schools, and established efficient rehabilitation centres in the

HIV and drug zones in Northeast India.

India-US ties

Indo-US relations saw both, their high-point and the steady downslide in the two terms of UPA govenment. Recent kobragade issue was a mixture of insensitivity and mismanagement of bureaucracy.

Major Issues form both sides:

Differences from both sides on regional security, nuclear liability bill, trade and climate remain a major issue due to major disagreement. One of the reason of differences is due to cooperate America is disillusioned from Indian policies. Our inconsistent economic policies, taxation with retrospective effect, excessive rights-based populist policies without the means to pay for them, are literally frightening the FDI's from entering into the country. Constant misunderstandings in the patent and drug issues is driving USA to take a vacillator approach. Indians are often left with confusing situation with indecisive leadership, now with 5 percent growth rate of GDP some times we defend US but get insulted by them when they impose veto related to sanctions to Iran. what a pity.... bangladesh friendly attitude and our extension of strong friendship is making US to bite its teeth. There was unhappiness in Washington and New Delhi as to how each looked at events in Bangladesh. We held our ground here. US clever handling of ADIZ china issue, by gentle warning them not to overly display their defence force and at the same time making bilateral conversation with china to press norms on north Korean nuclear functionalities. At the same time India-Japan talks and proceeding are been eagerly watched and conclusive points drawn. We may not be ready to be any pivot against China or be an ally against any one else China and US are looking at possibilities of cooperating in Afghanistan and for ending the conflict in South Sudan. The infrastructure projects in Afghanistan which china is looking forward can be expensive to India as the very disturbance in Afghanistan will be penetrated to Indian streets. Even though we had succeeded in the Bali conference, there is still discomfort from major foreign country US which is also an Allie will try to pull the complexities of the food security and trade issue to its side for their positive needs. Developed counties agricultural policies are very structural, planned and highly

promising but America always looks for its brighter side first. The next government will have to reorder policies and priorities, without bureaucratic hindrance and with procedures that are streamlined and not subject to whimsical changes. For the next decade , where young India is looking upon, right oriented populism have to cede with growth and production policies to attract major investments from countries like US which India is heavily dependent and is in need. For this to work out Indian government must have effect cooperation, careful planning, strong international voice and many positive bilateral relations.

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Science and technology

Fusion, ultimate green energy source

Recently scientist in US has achieved sustainable nuclear fusion- means limitless clean energy. This has been a long way in the process of nuclear research field which helps in harnessing infinite energy. If been practically implemented it would become an alternative power source with zero carbon emissions. nuclear reactors part-generate energy by splitting atoms into lighter particles fusion reactors part- combine light atomic nuclei into heavier particles. Means if we see the resultant numeric's like: 1. Thermal power current installation capacity-approx 140206 MW 2. Hydro power current installation capacity-approx 39291 MW which is more 3. Nuclear power current installation capacity- approx 100 to 540 MW from each stations. current stations- maharastra, rajasthan, UP, TN, karnataka. Nuclear energy stigma in Indian land has to go a long way but its a certain and welcoming results from US scientist that it will enhance the nuclear capability from our country. It will definitely help us in self sustainability and with 1.2% share of world wide nuclear production capability. The cost of reactors will be a burden and the advancement in India in the field of nuclear production may go with a snail pace.

Method and Process

Firstly the lasers are fired into a gold capsule which is holding a 2mm-wide spherical pellet. The fuel is coated inside of this plastic pellet in a layer as thin as a human hair. if we make the laser light enters the gold capsule then the walls of the gold container emit x-rays The lasers targets two mega joules of energy on their target only a tiny fraction of this reaches the fuel. next it will heat the pellet and make it implode with extraordinary ferocity.

mixture of hydrogen isotopes called tritium and deuterium-fuels are partially fuses under the intense conditions. The lasers targets two mega joules of energy on their target only a tiny fraction of this reaches the fuel.

References:http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/fusion-ultimate-green-energysource/article5685772.ece

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By B BABLOO, REFERENCES: NEWSPAPER-HINDU, IDSA, MRUNAL SITE.SOME SMALL OTHER WEBSITES.