The Shear Formula

top=0

A t(y) xy(x) dA=t(y)dy yx (y)

M(x)+dM(x)

Force Equilibrium

=0

The Shear Formula

top=0

V A x
dx t(y)

M(x)+dM(x)

V: the internal resultant shear force at the point I: the moment of inertia of entire cross-sectional area t: the width of the members cross-sectional area at the point Q: , where A is the top portion of the members cross sectional area, and y is the distance to centroid of A measured from neutral axis.

Shear Stresses Distribution in Beams

The Shear Formula

(y=0)

Analysing Bending Test

N.A. Shear Stress

Lxtxh

V
Tensile Stress

P/2

Step 1. Shear and moment diagrams a. Equilibrium condition (support reactions)

-P/2 M

b. Draw shear and moment diagram ; c. Maximum shear force and bending moment

LP/4

Analysing Bending Test

Step 2. Maximum normal and shear stresses in the beam a. Neutral axis N. h b. Inertial moment c. Stress distribution: t A. a a P Lxtxh

d. Maximum normal stress

e. Maximum shear stress

Shear Stresses Distribution in Beams

The Shear Formula Examples
7-2 If the wide-flange beam is subjected to a shear of V = 20 kN, (a) plot the shear-stress distribution acting over the cross-sectional area, and (b) determine the maximum shear stress in the beam. (p. 374) (sectional geometric properties) 1. Neutral axis 2. Moment of inertia
N.A.
20 mm

V
300 mm 20 mm 20 mm 200 mm

= 2.5 x 10-4 m4

Shear Stresses Distribution in Beams

7-2 If the wide-flange beam is subjected to a shear of V = 20 kN, (a) plot the shear-stress distribution acting over the cross-sectional area, and (b) determine the maximum shear stress in the beam. (p. 374) A 1. Neutral axis 20 mm 2. Moment of inertia: I = 2.5 x 10-4 m4 3. Shear stress distribution Point A: Point B: = 0.16 x (0.02 x 0.2) = 6.4 x 10-4 m4 = 0.256 MPa Point B: QB = QB = 2.56 MPa A = 0
200 mm

B
N.A.

B
300 mm 20 mm 20 mm

Shear Stresses Distribution in Beams

7-2 If the wide-flange beam is subjected to a shear of V = 20 kN, (a) plot the shear-stress distribution acting over the cross-sectional area, and (b) determine the maximum shear stress in the beam. (p. 374) A 1. Neutral axis 20 mm 2. Moment of inertia: I = 2.5 x 10-4 m4 3. Shear stress distribution Point A: Point B: Point B: Point C: = [0.16 x (0.02 x 0.2) + 0.075 x (0.02 x 0.15) = 8.65 x 10-4 m4 = 3.46 MPa A = 0 B= 0.256 MPa B= 2.56 MPa
200 mm

B
N.A.

B
300 mm 20 mm 20 mm

Shear Stresses Distribution in Beams

7-2 If the wide-flange beam is subjected to a shear of V = 20 kN, (a) plot the shear-stress distribution acting over the cross-sectional area, and (b) determine the maximum shear stress in the beam. (p. 374) A Point A: Point B: Point B: Point C: A = 0 B= 0.256 MPa B= 2.56 MPa C= 3.46 MPa
200 mm 20 mm

B
N.A.

B
300 mm 20 mm 20 mm

a) shear-stress distribution A b) The maximum shear stress C= 3.46 MPa

0.256 MPa 2.56 MPa

B C
3.46 MPa