International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Modeling and Simulation of different Hybrid Electric Vehicles in Modelica using Dymola
Dragan SIMIC, Thomas BUML, Franz PIRKER Business Unit Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies arsenal research 25-26 November 2008

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Outline
Motivation Dymola/Modelica environment Simulation Libraries
ModelicaStandardLibrary (MSL) VehicleInterfaces (VI) Library The SmartPowerTrains (SPT) Library The SmartElectricDrives (SED) Library

Vehicle configurations and implementation Citron Berlingo Electrique

Measurement Modeling and Simulation Validation

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Motivation
Entire vehicle and motorbike simulation including all electrical, mechanical and thermal components Investigation and optimisation of energy consumption Reduction of emissions Implementation and validation of a zero emission vehicle Optimisation and analysis of all vehicle components and of the entire vehicle

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

The SmartPowerTrains (SPT) Library

Modeled with
ModelicaStandardLibrary SmartCooling Library SmartElectricDrives Library

Focus on modeling and simulating of conventional and hybrid electric vehicles Included: engines, auxiliaries, clutches, transmissions, drivelines, brakes, chassis, etc.

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

The SmartElectricDrives (SED) Library

Modeled with
ModelicaStandardLibrary Asynchronous induction machines, permanent magnet synchronous machines, dc machines Field oriented control, brushless dc control Converters (ideal switching, power balance), sources (batteries, super caps, fuel cells) Application examples
Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

Components

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

VehicleInterfaces (VI) Library

Modeled with
ModelicaStandardLibrary Basic vehicle structure Compatible with other libraries Including 3D - animation arsenal research DLR Modelon Claytex Dynasim Ricardo

Automotive library

Developed as a co-operation of

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Modelica simulation model of the electric vehicle

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Modelica simulation model of the parallel HEV

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Example,

Comparison of the fuel consumption, NEDC

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Example, SOC performance, NEDC

SOC
Balanced at start and end of cycle Using starter/generator Load point shifting

Battery charging

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Modelica simulation model of the series HEV

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Citron Berlingo Electrique

Modeling, Implementation in Dymola/Modelica Measurement of vehicle Parameterization of models Validation of vehicle components and powertrain Validation of entire vehicle in a Real Life Cycle (Vienna city)

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Modelica simulation model

Used vehicle components
Citron Berlingo Electrique Leroy Somer el. machine SAFT NiCd battery Including vehicle auxiliaries Real Life Cycle, NEDC

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Measured and simulated driving resistances

description vehicle mass front area wheel radius aerodynamic resistance coefficient rolling resistance coefficient value 1625 2.653 0.285 0.407 0.0144 unit kg m m -

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Electrical excited direct current machine

description nominal armature voltage nominal armature current nominal excitation current nominal rotor speed maximum rotor speed inertia warm armature resistance armature circuit inductance warm excitation resistance excitation circuit inductance value 162 110 12.5 1340 6500 0.2 0.069 0.00169 9.47 0.0947 H H unit V A A rpm rpm kg.m

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Measured power consumption of auxiliaries

description base power measurement devices main beam dipped beam reflector heater auxiliary heating radio steering booster pump wind screen wiper value 107.5 80 203 185 49 55 14 138.6 Level 1: Level 2: Level 3: 13 32 57 unit W W W W W W W W W

ventilator

Level 1: 36 Level 2: 74 Level 3: 130 Level 4: 234 50.4

breaking light (in case mechanical brakes are used)

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Measurement of the battery package, SAFT NiCd

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Operating points of the el. machine, Real Life Cycle

Investigation of the operating points Simulations support design and optimization of components

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Validation of entire vehicle, Real Life Cycle

Validation of battery voltage Functionality testing Defect initialization
One of the battery module is defect

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Conclusions
Simulation of the entire vehicle; electrical, mechanical and thermal components Quick investigation of different electric and HEV as well as motorbike concepts in different driving scenarios (NEDC, Real Life Cycle, ) Identification of the economics savings potential Acceleration of the development process Determination of the best vehicle powertrain concept

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies

International Conference of

Advances in Hybrid Powertrains

Thanks for the attention!

Contact
arsenal research DI Dr. Dragan SIMIC
Business Unit Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies Austria, 1210 Vienna, Giefinggasse 2 ph: +43 (0) 50550-6347, f: +43 (0) 50550-6595 mailto: dragan.simic@arsenal.ac.at http//www.arsenal.ac.at

IFP, Rueil-Malmaison, France, 25-26 November 2008

Monitoring, Energy and Drive Technologies