21st century

The era of women entrepreneurs

ENTREPRENEURSHIP & WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS

GROUP NUMBER:8TH SUBMITTED TO: UZMA RASOOL GROUPS MEMBERS: AFSHEEN KHAN AREEBA IMTIAZ FATIMA SUJAT MEHWISH ALMAS NAIMA NAVAID SAIRA IQBAL CLASS: BBA 3RD (B) COURSE: ENTREPRENEURSHIP & SMALL BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

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DATE OF SUBMISSION: 7TH MARCH 2014

JINNAH UNIVERSITY OF WOMEN

LETTER OF ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All the praises be to Allh, the Lord of the 'Alamn (worlds i.e. mankind, jinns and all that exists)". However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and my University (Jinnah University of Women) as particular. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of them.

We are highly indebted to our teacher Uzma Rasool for her guidance & constant supervision without which this would not have been possible, as well as for providing necessary information and counseling regarding the report and also for her support in the completion of this report.

We would like to extend our absolute gratitude towards our Parents for their encouragement and members of our group commutatively (Naima, Areeba, Afsheen, Saira, Fatima Shujat and Mehwish) for their kind co-operation and co-ordination which have willingly helped in successfully completing this report. Without the team effort and effectiveness this wouldnt be possible.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SUCCESSFUL WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR OF PAKISTAN PAST OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP PRESENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP 1 2 3 4

FUTURE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
SUMMARY NO.1 SUMMARY NO.2 REFRENCES

5
6 6 7

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Challenges and indeed the opportunities to turn your dreams into reality
Entrepreneurship refers to the tendency of being unique as an initiator towards persuasion of growth. This report is encircled around the worth of entrepreneurship, the changing trends in entrepreneurship. It also elaborates some great existing examples of entrepreneurs along with the theme of embracement of women entrepreneurs. This report, discusses three different eras as dimension of entrepreneurship. The first era emphasizes on the past of entrepreneurship which further reveals Harvard University as the pioneer of academic entrepreneurship. The past includes some of the great examples well known as Bill Gates, Henry Ford, Enzo Ferrari, Steve Jobs etc. Amongst which some women entrepreneurs were Ruth Handler and Anita Roddick, who acquired fame globally by their distinctive entrepreneurial skills. The present of entrepreneurship deals mainly with the 21 century where an inevitable factor of recession in economies gives boom to self-employment which had revolutionized the growth of small businesses globally. Moreover, symbios.pk is one of the finest examples of Pakistani entrepreneurial talent. The present is concluded by sharing the fact that women entrepreneurship is more a necessity than an opportunity in Pakistan, therefore government of Pakistan is making adequate efforts to bring feminine revolution and empowerment .Sultana Siddiqui has well carried the enthusiasm of women empowerment by her influencing entrepreneurial skills.

The future of entrepreneurship strives towards the step ahead by the entrepreneurs which sermonize the rising of children and entrepreneurs with an existing dominancy of women entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship is a revolution to bring positive change in the economy of a country. Government of Pakistan must step out to explore its nation mainly women and the youth to meet these future challenges and contribute in raising the overall economic growth.
Extensively the report summarizes two research paper amongst which the first one is encapsulated around the importance of women entrepreneurs and the critical factors that influence women entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Whereas, the second paper sermonizes on two postulates which are persistence of entrepreneurial gender gap and promotion of women entrepreneurs globally.

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SUCCESSFUL WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR OF 0 PAKISTAN

The owner of Hum TV who has acquired the industry of entertainment in Pakistan

Maria.B is known for her stylish wardrobe and innovative design collection globally

The Founder and CEO of popinjay, a social enterprise that empowers marginalized underprivileged girls in Pakistan

The CEO of i2i (invest2innovate). The company recognizes the budding entrepreneurs in Pakistan.

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The Founder of Womens Digital League. She is an inspiration for all the women out there who want to do out of the box stuff!

Always make your future bigger than your past.

PAST OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Entrepreneurship refers to the creation of self-employment by the individuals who possess the attributes of creativity, innovation and thrive towards bearing risk as an initiator .Entrepreneurship is offered as an academic field worldwide. Its pioneer was Harvard University in 1947, as people were not aware much about it so entrepreneurship was introduced as an awareness creation program in which business students were taught how to deal with scarcity of jobs by taking small initiatives and managing resources in the simplest but effective way for revenue generation. With time the entrepreneurship improved and gained advancement and revealed their importance towards the stability of economy. Previously in the eighteenth and seventeenth century entrepreneurship was a part of classical economics discussed by Richard Cartillon and Adam Smith. Developed countries endeavored some great entrepreneurs such as Bill Gates, Henry Ford, Enzo Ferrari, Steve Jobs etc. but the developing countries get introduced to entrepreneurs after or in mid-20 century which embraced with increasing awareness.

Past and Women Entrepreneurs

With time the awareness increased and women started entering in taking initiatives this can be well illustrated by two of the following examples: Ruth Handler, maker of Barbie Doll who made the fantasy into reality. In 1959 Barbie was introduced in New York in a toy fair. It was a product of Mattel Company. Within an year the product attained huge prosperity and the company became one of the 500 largest companies of New York and was recognized worldwide. Anita Roddick was the first amazing inspiring lady who thought about the women beauty and took an initiative, soon the idea turned into an achievement. She took a creative step for the fulfillment of her customers' needs through a very unique idea of body shop by providing a skin care products made with essence of natural elements. Body shop gained prosperity and got recognized for its quality and purity of products worldwide.

Women Entrepreneurship and Pakistan

In the past Entrepreneur's role was very negligible in the development of Pakistan but few has achieved dramatic accomplishment through their capabilities and proficiency even after facing many challenges and hurdles of life .In developing countries like Pakistan entrepreneurship is a necessity more than opportunity". Since it was male dominant society life was complicated to survive where women took initiative in the way of prosperity. Because of which they look forward towards starting a new business undertake risks, brining creativity and they also provided effective leadership in all aspect of business and have proved that their footage in the male dominated business field. Women entrepreneur were considered as an imperative tool for establishing and enabling female empowerment. It is a great saying that "When Women move onward, the Family move about, the Village moves and the Nation moves" One great example of women entrepreneur in Pakistan is Ambarine Bukhari, who is an exporter of gemstone since 1989 she belonged from the city of Peshawar, it was quite a challenge for her to be an initiator, she faced a lot of hurdles but by the support of her family she is a prosperous entrepreneur of Pakistan.

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The true entrepreneur is a doer, not a dreamer.

PRESENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
As 21 century is the revolutionary stage, Economies are striving towards growth with existence of an inevitable factor of recession. In such a scenario it is mandatory to lessen the burden on economy by creating self-employment therefore we may conclude entrepreneurship as the backbone of every economy. As awareness rate is increasing day by day, people are striving to take initiative and are uniquely proving themselves as great entrepreneurs globally. Rate of entrepreneurship in developed countries are merely high, policies are implemented to encourage entrepreneurs and sources of finance and counseling is made available for entrepreneurs to test their skills and luck. Entrepreneurs in the current era are making great contribution in technological advancement. Some successful entrepreneurs worldwide are Mark Zuckerberg, Larry Page, and Sergey Brin etc.

PAKISTAN AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Entrepreneurship plays a great role in Pakistans economy. The government of Pakistan is making efforts in supporting young entrepreneurs to strengthen the economy. More over the UN is also giving counseling to our young entrepreneurs to be more effective. In 2013 several conferences had been conducted on embracement of Entrepreneurship in which women remain the most dominant factor. Some great entrepreneurs of Pakistan includes Saad Jangda the creator of symbios.pk, the portal was created in 2006 at the beginning it faced a lot of hard time but now after seven years symbios.pk had captured a market of $10 million worldwide. Amir Adnan is globally known and is providing quality products and services which are helping Pakistan to build a stronger image globally.

PAKISTAN AND WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS

The Nation which has a conservative image about women empowerment, despite of the fact women of Pakistan are taking interest in being entrepreneurs for earning their living. In developing countries like Pakistan entrepreneurship refers to survival more than opportunity. Nationwide there are small businesses owned by women which includes handicrafts, boutiques, restaurant, beauty salons etc. These all small businesses are contributing towards strengthening of Pakistan economy and is giving a boost to make Pakistan a women empowered society. This can be well illustrated by discussing the example of Sultana Siddiqui, owner of Hum TV who has acquired the industry of entertainment in Pakistan by her quality drama serials and has tried to promote Pakistani culture and norms worldwide, Secondly Maria.B is known for its stylish wardrobe and innovative design collection globally. But we cannot ignore the obstacles which come ahead is establishing such small businesses that includes lack of financial support, in adequate training, unfavorable societal norms etc. Government of Pakistan should make efforts to encourage women entrepreneurs by providing support in form of financial assistance, guidance and counseling so that women entrepreneurs may flourish their skills and be more effective.

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The best way to predict the future is to create it.

FUTURE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Entrepreneurship strives towards the passion of generating innovative ideas, taking risk to create business and maintaining balance in our lives through the tough economic constraints. The increasing trend of entrepreneurship is flourishing globally and is cultivating a paradigm shift in world economies. As with the course of time every 3 out of 5 will be entrepreneur mainly in USA and other developed countries. If we talk on the basis of statistics, men and women entrepreneurs are almost same but the question raises what more? What contribution entrepreneurship will make in future? Youth is always the hope for any economy. The future of entrepreneurship will be encircled around the kids as great leaders, initiators, innovators precisely remarkable entrepreneurs. The developed economies have even started working on the counseling and supervision of their kids and are encouraging the emerging decorum of entrepreneurship amongst them. Women are the one who raise kids, so of course they will be playing an essential role and will be highly empowered in future due to their influencing entrepreneurial skills. An image of such a scenario is reflected in Microsoft future video in which technology has toiled remarkably and women are highly empowered and have become essential element of operating businesses.

Future of Entrepreneurship in Pakistan

If we particularly talk about Pakistan, its future is on hold and foreign assistance is increasing the burden on the economy day by day and is resulting as a barrier in growth of Pakistans Economy. Since 60% people are under the age of 30 therefore Pakistan needs to endeavor to raise entrepreneurs growth by 50% -60% from today to secure its tomorrow. It is the time for Pakistan to take initiatives to explore entrepreneurial activity to provide with the best solution of countrys prominent issues. We have energy, power and resources but the thing required for better future is to Work Smartly and struggle to answer Why rather than What and How. For Example Apple the computer manufacturing company is very innovative and totally different from other computer companies. The company is successful because they communicate exactly what they do and why they do. Pakistan can create its future beautifully if it focuses to promote education system to develop entrepreneurial skills, turn thing from old to new, to make better integrated systems, to urbanize and build social values through social entrepreneurship and to come up with new concepts to address health challenges. We have some extraordinary talent in Pakistan in form of our fresh graduates but instead of giving boom to their minds for being unique we are depriving their talent by scarcity of resources. Entrepreneurship is a revolution to bring positive change in the economy of a country. Government of Pakistan must step out to explore its nation mainly women and the youth to meet these future challenges and contribute in raising the overall economic growth. Others cannot ignore that Pakistan is a nuclear power if we continue our efforts in affirm direction we may have entrepreneurs which may result defensive and strengthening in best interests of Pakistan. The Government should encourage its youth for taking initiatives in the fields of defense even along with prosperity and should socialize so that Pakistan may have a better and safe future. This could only be attained by imposing and implementing adequate counseling to rising entrepreneurs of Pakistan along with financial assistance and societal promotion. Entrepreneurs have the rare gifts of optimism and determination, which are, and probably will remain, the new most valuable resources in the world

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If opportunity doesnt knock, build a door.

SUMMARY OF RESEARCH PAPER NO: 1

This research paper is encapsulated around the importance of women entrepreneurs. The paper also highlights the creativity, innovation and risk bearing attributes of entrepreneurs. Moreover the paper illustrates the critical factors which include regulative factors governing rules and regulations, normative factors made up of certifications and accreditations and cultured and cognitive factors dealing with social norms and beliefs. Presence of these factors results favorably in promotion of women entrepreneurs. Support by Government, Banks and society amalgamated with adequate knowledge, training and correct market positioning may results best in raising effectiveness of women entrepreneurs. The paper concludes that developing countries as Bangladesh should thrive towards implementation of support policies for encouraging the stream of self-employment by women for attaining economic stability.

SUMMARY OF RESEARCH PAPER NO: 2

The paper sermonizes on two postulates which are persistence of entrepreneurial gender gap and promotion of women entrepreneurs worldwide. According to the paper, statistically 52% men and 48% women are involved in entrepreneurial activity worldwide whereas Ghana is an exception with 55% women entrepreneurs and Iran and Pakistan have the least rate of women entrepreneurs. Moreover it is discussed that entrepreneurship is a necessity rather than opportunity for developing countries whereas it is an opportunity of innovation, creativity and independency for developed countries. Further typology is discussed which includes policies and support programs for development and promotion of entrepreneurs by the perspective of problem analysis, role of entrepreneurship and its goal. Entrepreneurship serves as backbone of an economy but it is also inevitable to ignore the persistence of gender biasness. Adequate training, positioning of women entrepreneurs and favorable societal and government support may embrace the rate of women entrepreneurship worldwide.

21st century
The era of women entrepreneurs

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REFRENCES
http://www.shiftingthinking.org/?tag=visual-metaphors http://www.ted.com/talks/ken_robinson_changing_education_paradigms http://theappjuice.com/12-exceptional-pakistani-women-in-business-andtechnology/ https://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bangladeshstudie s.org%2Ffiles%2FWPS_no5.pdf&h=iAQH3cWQ4 http://www.facebook.com/l.php?u=http%3A%2F%2Fin.bgu.ac.il%2Fwomenforum%2FDocLib%2Fresearch%2FGenderdifferencesinEntreprenuershipEquali tydiversi.pdf&h=iAQH3cWQ4

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