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ME 1052

[Fundamentals of engineering thermodynamics]

Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Moratuwa

Assignment 01: Basic principles Date of submission: before 8:00 on 11th March 2014 1. In July 1994 a string of 21 fragments of a comet, designated as P/Shoemaker-Levy 9, collided with Jupiter over a seven day period. Astronomers estimated that the fragments entered the Jupiter atmosphere with a velocity of about 130000miles per hour and created towering fireballs that reached temperatures as high as 500000F. The larger comet fragments were estimated to be about 2 miles in diameter, with densities about 120 lb/ft3. Estimate the energy that a spherical comet this size and density would have prior to impact in units of Joule and in the energy equivalent of tons of TNT (1 ton of TNT = 4109 J ). Compare your results to the astronomers estimated value of 6106 megatons of TNT. What form does the energy of the comet take once it has impacted on the surface of the Jupiter? 2. A refrigerator repairman transports his R-134a in a rigid tank of volume 5liters. Before charging a system, the pressure gauge on the tank reads 600kPa and the temperature of the contents are at 300C. The repairman recharges a refrigeration system with the R-134a in the tank, and after completing the job, the pressure gauge reads 150kPa and the temperature of the R-134a has dropped to 00C. Determine the following, a. The original mass of R134a in the tank. b. The phase(s) of the refrigerant originally in the tank. c. The final mass of the R-134 in the tank d. The phase of the refrigerant at the end of recharging process. 3. A pressurized container shown in the figure is designed to prolong the life of tennis balls. Tennis balls are placed in the container and the lid is screwed on and the air around the tennis balls is thereby pressurized. One rotation of the lid advances the lid by 0.3inches. Significant aging of the tennis ball ceases if the ball is maintained at an external pressure of 10 lbf/in2 greater than the atmospheric pressure. Estimate the number of turns through which the lid of the container must be rotated in order to preserve the life of tennis balls stored in the container. Lid

Figure Q3: Tennis balls in the container

Computer based problems: Date of presentation: 8:15 to 10:15 on 12th March 2014. 4. Air in a closed system undergoes the cyclic process depicted in the table. Write a computer program to analyze the cycle. The polytropic exponent is (a)n =1 for cycle A and (b)n=1.4 for cycle B. Sketch the cyclic processes and plot the net work for a maximum cycle temperature of

ME 1052

[Fundamentals of engineering thermodynamics]

Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Moratuwa

9000C and a range of compression ratios (V1/V2) from 2.0 to 12.0 for cycles A and B. at state1, P1=110kPa and T1 =500C. Assume ideal gas behaviour.

Table Q 1

State change 1-2 2-3 3-4 4-1

Process Pvn=constant V= constant Pvn=constant V= constant

5. A flywheel with a cross section shown in the figure is used to power an automobile. The flywheel is made of steel with a density . Suppose, you wish to utilize the energy in the flywheel when it rotates with an angular velocity . The flywheel should be able to accelerate an automobile with mass m from rest to a final velocity of V in a time interval t. the automobile is assumed to travel on a level highway and the angular velocity of the flywheel should not decrease to less than one-half of its original value during the process. Write a computer program that will calculate the necessary value for and the total mass of the flywheel for the following fixed parameters. X0 C t R1 V = = = = = = 1 in 10-3in-2 10 in 12 in 500 lb/ft3 60 mph

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