The Terrorist Handbook

1.0

INTRODUCTION

Gunzenbomz Pyro Te!hno"o#ies$ a di%ision o& Chaos Industries 'CH(O)*$ is +roud to +resent this &irst edition o& The Terrorist,s Handbook. -irst and &oremost$ "et it be stated that Chaos Industries assumes no res+onsibi"ities &or any misuse o& the in&ormation +resented in this +ub"i!ation. The +ur+ose o& this is to sho. the many te!hni/ues and methods used by those +eo+"e in this and other !ountries .ho em+"oy terror as a means to +o"iti!a" and so!ia" #oa"s. The te!hni/ues herein !an be obtained &rom +ub"i! "ibraries$ and !an usua""y be !arried out by a terrorist .ith minima" e/ui+ment. This makes one a"" the more &ri#htened$ sin!e any "unati! or so!ia" de%iant !ou"d obtain this in&ormation$ and use it a#ainst anyone. The +ro!esses and te!hni/ues herein )HOU0D NOT 12 C(RRI2D OUT UND2R (N3 CIRCU4)T(NC2)55 )2RIOU) H(R4 OR D2(TH COU0D OCCUR -RO4 (TT24PTING TO P2R-OR4 (N3 O- TH2 42THOD) IN THI) PU10IC(TION. THI) I) 42R203 -OR R2(DING 2N6O342NT$ (ND I) NOT INT2ND2D -OR (CTU(0 U)255 Gunzenbomz Pyro Te!hno"o#ies &ee"s that it is im+ortant that e%eryone has some idea o& 7ust ho. easy it is &or a terrorist to +er&orm a!ts o& terror8 that is the reason &or the e9isten!e o& this +ub"i!ation. 1.1 Tab"e o& Contents ::::::::::::::::: 1U3ING 2<P0O)I=2) (ND PROP200(NT) 1"a!k Po.der Pyrode9 Ro!ket 2n#ine Po.der Ri&"e@)hot#un Po.der -"ash Po.der (mmonium Nitrate (CCUIRING CH24IC(0) Te!hni/ues &or Pi!kin# 0o!ks 0I)T O- U)2-U0 HOU)2HO0D CH24IC(0) (ND (=(I0(1I0IT3 PR2P(R(TION O- CH24IC(0) Nitri! (!id )u"&uri! (!id (mmonium Nitrate 2<P0O)I=2 R2CIP2) 29+"osi%e Theory I4P(CT 2<P0O)I=2) (mmonium Triiodide Crysta"s 4er!ury -u"minate Nitro#"y!erine Pi!rates 0OD ORD2R 2<P0O)I=2) 1"a!k Po.der Nitro!e""u"ose -ue" E O9odizer mi9tures Per!h"orates HIGH ORD2R 2<P0O)I=2) R.D.<. 'Cy!"onite* (mmonium Nitrate (N-O) T.N.T.

;.0 ;.01 ;.0; ;.0> ;.0? ;.0A ;.0B ;.1 ;.11 ;.; ;.> ;.>1 ;.>; ;.>> >.0 >.01 >.1 >.11 >.1; >.1> >.1? >.; >.;1 >.;; >.;> >.;? >.> >.>1 >.>; >.>> >.>?

>.>A Potassium Ch"orate >.>B Dynamite >.>F Nitrostar!h 29+"osi%es >.>G Pi!ri! (!id >.>H (mmonium Pi!rate '29+"osi%e D* >.?0 Nitro#en Tri!h"oride >.?1 0ead (zide >.A OTH2R I2<P0O)I=2)I >.A1 Thermit >.A; 4o"oto% Co!ktai"s >.A> Chemi!a" -ire 1ott"e >.A? 1ott"ed Gas 29+"osi%es ?.0 U)ING 2<P0O)I=2) ?.1 )(-2T3 ?.; IGNITION D2=IC2) ?.;1 -use I#nition ?.;; Im+a!t I#nition ?.;> 2"e!tri!a" I#nition ?.;? 2"e!tro 4e!hani!a" I#nition ?.;?1 4er!ury ).it!hes ?.;?; Tri+.ire ).it!hes ?.;?> Radio Contro" Detonators ?.> D20(3) ?.>1 -use De"ays ?.>; Timer De"ays ?.>> Chemi!a" De"ays ?.? 2<P0O)I=2 CONT(IN2R) ?.?1 Pa+er Containers ?.?; 4eta" Containers ?.?> G"ass Containers ?.?? P"asti! Containers ?.A (D=(NC2D U)2) -OR 2<P0O)I=2) ?.A1 )ha+ed Char#es ?.A; Tube 29+"osi%es ?.A> (tomized Parti!"e 29+"osions ?.A? 0i#htbu"b 1ombs ?.AA 1ook 1ombs ?.AB Phone 1ombs A.0 A.1 A.11 A.1; A.1> A.; A.;1 A.;; A.> A.>1 A.>; )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR PRO62CTI02 D2(PON) PRO62CTI02 D2(PON) 'PRI4ITI=2* 1o. and Crossbo. (mmunition 1"o.#un (mmunition Drist Ro!ket and )"in#shot (mmunition PRO62CTI02 D2(PON) '-IR2(R4)* Hand#un (mmunition )hot#uns PRO62CTI02 D2(PON) 'CO4PR2))2D G()* .1FF Ca"iber 1.1 Gun (mmunition .;; Ca"iber Pe""et Gun (mmunition

B.0 ROCJ2T) (ND C(NNON) B.1 ROCJ2T) B.11 1asi! Ro!ket 1omb B.1; 0on# Ran#e Ro!ket 1omb B.1> 4u"ti+"e Darhead Ro!ket 1ombs B.; C(NNON) B.;1 1asi! Pi+e Cannon B.;; Ro!ket -irin# Cannon

F.0 F.1 F.; F.> F.? F.?1 F.?; F.?>

P3ROT2CHNIC( 2RR(T( )moke 1ombs Co"ored -"ames Tear Gas -ire.orks -ire!ra!kers )kyro!kets Roman Cand"es

G.0 0I)T) O- )UPP0I2R) (ND -URTH2R IN-OR4(TION H.0 CH2CJ0I)T -OR R(ID) ON 0(1) 10. U)2-U0 P3ROCH24I)TR3 11.0 (1OUT TH2 (UTHOR ;.0 1U3ING 2<P0O)I=2) (ND PROP200(NT) ("most any !ity or to.n o& reasonab"e size has a #un store and a +harma!y. These are t.o o& the +"a!es that +otentia" terrorists %isit in order to +ur!hase e9+"osi%e materia". ("" that one has to do is kno. somethin# about the non e9+"osi%e uses o& the materia"s. 1"a!k +o.der$ &or e9am+"e$ is used in b"a!k+o.der &irearms. It !omes in %aryin# I#radesI$ .ith ea!h di&&erent #rade bein# a s"i#ht"y di&&erent size. The #rade o& b"a!k +o.der de+ends on .hat the !a"ibre o& the #un that it is used in8 a &ine #rade o& +o.der !ou"d burn too &ast in the .ron# !a"iber .ea+on. The ru"e isK the sma""er the #rade$ the &aster the burn rate o& the +o.der.

;.01 10(CJ PODD2R 1"a!k +o.der is #enera""y a%ai"ab"e in three #rades. (s stated be&ore$ the sma""er the #rade$ the &aster the +o.der burns. 1urn rate is e9treme"y im+ortant in bombs. )in!e an e9+"osion is a ra+id in!rease o& #as %o"ume in a !on&ined en%ironment$ to make an e9+"osion$ a /ui!k burnin# +o.der is desirab"e. The three !ommon #rades o& b"a!k +o.der are "isted be"o.$ a"on# .ith the usua" bore .idth '!a"ibre* o& .hat they are used in. Genera""y$ the &astest burnin# +o.der$ the --- #rade is desirab"e. Ho.e%er$ the other #rades and uses are "isted be"o.K GR(D2 ::::: ---1OR2 DIDTH :::::::::: .A0 or #reater .>B .A0 .>B or sma""er 2<(4P02 O- GUN ::::::::::::::

mode" !annon8 some ri&"es "ar#e +isto"s8 sma"" ri&"es +isto"s8 derrin#ers

The --- #rade is the &astest burnin#$ be!ause the sma""er #rade has more sur&a!e area or burnin# sur&a!e e9+osed to the &"ame &ront. The "ar#er #rades a"so ha%e uses .hi!h .i"" be dis!ussed "ater. The +ri!e ran#e o& b"a!k +o.der$ +er +ound$ is about LG.A0 LH.00. The +ri!e is not a&&e!ted by the #rade$ and so one sa%es onese"& time and .ork i& one buys the &iner #rade o& +o.der. The ma7or +rob"ems .ith b"a!k +o.der are that it !an be i#nited a!!identa""y by stati! e"e!tri!ity$ and that it has a tenden!y to absorb moisture &rom the air. To sa&e"y !rush it$ a bomber .ou"d use a +"asti! s+oon and a .ooden sa"ad bo.". Takin# a sma"" +i"e at a time$ he or she .ou"d a++"y +ressure to the +o.der throu#h the s+oon and rub it in a series o& strokes

or !ir!"es$ but not too hard. It is &ine enou#h to use .hen it is about as &ine as &"our. The &ineness$ ho.e%er$ is de+endant on .hat ty+e o& de%i!e one .ishes to make8 ob%ious"y$ it .ou"d be im+ra!ti!"e to !rush enou#h +o.der to &i"" a 1 &oot by ? in!h radius +i+e. (nyone !an +ur!hase b"a!k +o.der$ sin!e anyone !an o.n b"a!k +o.der &irearms in (meri!a. ;.0; P3ROD2<

Pyrode9 is a syntheti! +o.der that is used "ike b"a!k +o.der. It !omes in the same #rades$ but it is more e9+ensi%e +er +ound. Ho.e%er$ a one +ound !ontainer o& +yrode9 !ontains more materia" by %o"ume than a +ound o& b"a!k +o.der. It is mu!h easier to !rush to a %ery &ine +o.der than b"a!k +o.der$ and it is !onsiderab"y sa&er and more re"iab"e. This is be!ause it .i"" not be set o&& by stati! e"e!tri!ity$ as b"a!k !an be$ and it is "ess in!"ined to absorb moisture. It !osts about L10.00 +er +ound. It !an be !rushed in the same manner as b"a!k +o.der$ or it !an be disso"%ed in boi"in# .ater and dried. ;.0> ROCJ2T 2NGIN2 PODD2R

One o& the most e9!itin# hobbies no.adays is mode" ro!ketry. 2stes is the "ar#est +rodu!er o& mode" ro!ket kits and en#ines. Ro!ket en#ines are !om+osed o& a sin#"e "ar#e #rain o& +ro+e""ant. This #rain is surrounded by a &air"y hea%y !ardboard tubin#. One #ets the +ro+e""ant by s"ittin# the tube "en#th.ise$ and un.ra++in# it "ike a +a+er to.e" ro"". Dhen this is done$ the #rey &ire !"ay at either end o& the +ro+e""ant #rain must be remo%ed. This is usua""y done #ent"y .ith a +"asti! or brass kni&e. The materia" is e9!e+tiona""y hard$ and must be !rushed to be used. 1y #ri++in# the #rain on the .idest settin# on a set o& +"iers$ and +uttin# the #rain and +o.der in a +"asti! ba#$ the +o.der .i"" not break a+art and shatter a"" o%er. This shou"d be done to a"" the "ar#e !hunks o& +o.der$ and then it shou"d be !rushed "ike b"a!k +o.der. Ro!ket en#ines !ome in %arious sizes$ ran#in# &rom 1@? ( ;T to the in!redib"y +o.er&u" D en#ines. The "ar#er the en#ine$ the more e9+ensi%e. D en#ines !ome in +a!ka#es o& three$ and !ost about LA.00 +er +a!ka#e. Ro!ket en#ines are +erha+s the sin#"e most use&u" item so"d in stores to a terrorist$ sin!e they !an be used as is$ or !an be !anniba"ized &or their e9+"osi%e +o.der. ;.0? RI-02@)HOTGUN PODD2R

Ri&"e +o.der and shot#un +o.der are rea""y the same &rom a +ra!ti!"e stand+oint. They are both nitro!e""u"ose based +ro+e""ants. They .i"" be re&erred to as #un+o.der in a"" &uture re&eren!es. Gun+o.der is made by the a!tion o& !on!entrated nitri! and su"&uri! a!id u+on !otton. This materia" is then disso"%ed by so"%ents and then re&ormed in the desired #rain size. Dhen dea"in# .ith #un+o.der$ the #rain size is not near"y as im+ortant as that o& b"a!k +o.der. 1oth "ar#e and sma"" #rained #un+o.der burn &air"y s"o."y !om+ared to b"a!k +o.der .hen un!on&ined$ but .hen it is !on&ined$ #un+o.der burns both hotter and .ith more #aseous e9+ansion$ +rodu!in# more +ressure. There&ore$ the #rindin# +ro!ess that is o&ten ne!essary &or other +ro+e""ants is not ne!essary &or #un+o.der. Gun+o.der !osts about LH.00 +er +ound. (ny idiot !an buy it$ sin!e there are no restri!tions on ri&"es or shot#uns in the U.). ;.0A -0()H PODD2R

-"ash +o.der is a mi9ture o& +o.dered zir!onium meta" and %arious o9idizers. It is e9treme"y sensiti%e to heat or s+arks$ and shou"d be treated .ith more !are than b"a!k +o.der$ .ith .hi!h it shou"d N2=2R be mi9ed. It is

so"d in sma"" !ontainers .hi!h must be mi9ed and shaken be&ore use. It is %ery &ine"y +o.dered$ and is a%ai"ab"e in three s+eedsK &ast$ medium$ and s"o.. The &ast &"ash +o.der is the best &or usin# in e9+"osi%es or detonators. It burns %ery ra+id"y$ re#ard"ess o& !on&inement or +a!kin#$ .ith a hot .hite I&"ashI$ hen!e its name. It is &air"y e9+ensi%e$ !ostin# about L11.00. It is so"d in ma#i! sho+s and theatre su++"y stores. ;.0B (44ONIU4 NITR(T2

(mmonium nitrate is a hi#h e9+"osi%e materia" that is o&ten used as a !ommer!ia" Isa&ety e9+"osi%eI It is %ery stab"e$ and is di&&i!u"t to i#nite .ith a mat!h. It .i"" on"y "i#ht i& the #"o.in#$ red hot +art o& a mat!h is tou!hin# it. It is a"so di&&i!u"t to detonate8 'the +henomenon o& detonation .i"" be e9+"ained "ater* it re/uires a "ar#e sho!k.a%e to !ause it to #o hi#h e9+"osi%e. Commer!ia""y$ it is sometimes mi9ed .ith a sma"" amount o& nitro#"y!erine to in!rease its sensiti%ity. (mmonium nitrate is used in the ICo"d PaksI or IInstant Co"dI$ a%ai"ab"e in most dru# stores. The ICo"d PaksI !onsist o& a ba# o& .ater$ surrounded by a se!ond +"asti! ba# !ontainin# the ammonium nitrate. To #et the ammonium nitrate$ sim+"y !ut o&& the to+ o& the outside ba#$ remo%e the +"asti! ba# o& .ater$ and sa%e the ammonium nitrate in a .e"" sea"ed$ airti#ht !ontainer$ sin!e it is rather hydros!o+i!$ i.e. it tends to absorb .ater &rom the air. It is a"so the main in#redient in many &erti"izers. ;.1 (CCUIRING CH24IC(0)

The &irst se!tion dea"s .ith #ettin# !hemi!a"s "e#a""y. This se!tion dea"s .ith I+ro!urin#I them. The best +"a!e to stea" !hemi!a"s is a !o""e#e. 4any state s!hoo"s ha%e a"" o& their !hemi!a"s out on the she"%es in the "abs$ and more in their !hemi!a" sto!krooms. 2%enin# is the best time to enter "ab bui"din#s$ as there are the "east number o& +eo+"e in the bui"din#s$ and most o& the "abs .i"" sti"" be un"o!ked. One sim+"y takes a bookba#$ .ears a dress shirt and 7eans$ and tries to resemb"e a !o""e#e &reshman. I& anyone asks .hat su!h a +erson is doin#$ the thie& !an sim+"y say that he is "ookin# &or the +o"ymer !hemistry "ab$ or some other !hemistry re"ated de+artment other than the one they are in. One !an usua""y &ind out .here the %arious "abs and de+artments in a bui"din# are by !a""in# the uni%ersity. There are$ o& !ourse other te!hni/ues &or #ettin# into "abs a&ter hours$ su!h as +"a!in# a +ie!e o& !ardboard in the "at!h o& an unused door$ su!h as a ba!k e9it. Then$ a"" one needs to do is !ome ba!k at a "ater hour. ("so$ be&ore this is done$ terrorists !he!k &or se!urity systems. I& one 7ust .a"ks into a "ab$ e%en i& there is someone there$ and .a"ks out the ba!k e9it$ and s"i+ the !ardboard in the "at!h be&ore the door !"oses$ the +erson in the "ab .i"" ne%er kno. .hat ha++ened. It is a"so a #ood idea to obser%e the bui"din# that one +"ans to rob at the time that one +"ans to rob it se%era" days be&ore the a!tua" the&t is done. This is ad%isab"e sin!e the .ou"d be thie& shou"d kno. .hen and i& the !am+us se!urity makes +atro"s throu#h bui"din#s. O& !ourse$ i& none o& these methods are su!!ess&u"$ there is a".ays se!tion ;.11$ but as a ru"e$ !o""e#e !am+us se!urity is +retty +oor$ and nobody sus+e!ts another +erson in the bui"din# o& doin# anythin# .ron#$ e%en i& they are there at an odd hour. ;.11 T2CHNICU2) -OR PICJING 0OCJ)

I& it be!omes ne!essary to +i!k a "o!k to enter a "ab$ the .or"d,s most e&&e!ti%e "o!k+i!k is dynamite$ &o""o.ed by a s"ed#ehammer. There are un&ortunate"y$ +rob"ems .ith noise and e9!ess stru!tura" dama#e .ith these methods. The ne9t best thin#$ ho.e%er$ is a set o& army issue "o!k+i!ks.

These$ un&ortunate"y$ are di&&i!u"t to a!/uire. I& the door to a "ab is "o!ked$ but the deadbo"t is not en#a#ed$ then there are other +ossibi"ities. The ru"e here isK i& one !an see the "at!h$ one !an o+en the door. There are se%era" de%i!es .hi!h &a!i"itate &reein# the "at!h &rom its ho"e in the .a"". Denta" too"s$ sti&& .ire ' ;0 #au#e *$ s+e!ia""y bent a"uminum &rom !ans$ thin +o!ket kni%es$ and !redit !ards are the too"s o& the trade. The .ay that a"" these too"s and de%i!es are uses is simi"arK +u""$ +ush$ or other.ise mo%e the "at!h out o& its ho"e in the .a""$ and +u"" the door o+en. This is done by s"idin# .hate%er too" that you are usin# behind the "at!h$ and +u""in# the "at!h out &rom the .a"". To make an a"uminum !an "o!k+i!k$ terrorists !an use an a"uminum !an and !are&u""y !ut o&& the !an to+ and bottom. Cut o&& the ra##ed ends o& the !an. Then$ !ut the o+en ended !y"inder so that it !an be &"attened out into a sin#"e "on# re!tan#"e. This shou"d then be !ut into in!h .ide stri+s. -o"d the stri+s in 1@? in!h in!rements '1*. One .i"" ha%e a "on# /uadru+"e thi!k 1@? in!h .ide stri+ o& a"uminum. This shou"d be &o"ded into an 0 sha+e$ a 6 sha+e$ or a U sha+e. This is done by &o"din#. The +ie!es .ou"d "ook "ike thisK '1* 1@? 1@? 1@? 1@? ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M N % M M 1 in!h M M

-o"d a"on# "ines to make a sin#"e /uadru+"e thi!k +ie!e o& a"uminum. This shou"d then be &o"ded to +rodu!e an 0$6$or U sha+ed de%i!e that "ooks "ike thisK ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: @M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M MM MM 0 sha+ed MM MM MM M:M

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: @M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::M MM M M 6 sha+ed MM M M::::::: OM:::::::M

:::::::::::::::::::: @M:::::::::::::::::::M MM MM M M U sha+ed MM MM MM

M M::::::::::::::::::: OM:::::::::::::::::::M ("" o& these de%i!es shou"d be used to hook the "at!h o& a door and +u"" the "at!h out o& its ho"e. The &o"ds in the "o!k+i!ks .i"" be bet.een the door and the .a""$ and so the de%i!e .i"" not un&o"d$ i& it is made +ro+er"y. ;.; 0I)T O- U)2-U0 HOU)2HO0D CH24IC(0) (ND TH2IR (=(I0(1I0IT3

(nyone !an #et many !hemi!a"s &rom hard.are stores$ su+ermarkets$ and dru# stores to #et the materia"s to make e9+"osi%es or other dan#erous !om+ounds. ( .ou"d be terrorist .ou"d mere"y need a station .a#on and some money to a!/uire many o& the !hemi!a"s named here.

Chemi!a" ::::::::

Used In :::::::

(%ai"ab"e at ::::::::::::

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: a"!oho"$ ethy" P a"!oho"i! be%era#es "i/uor stores so"%ents 'HAQ min. &or both* hard.are stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ammonia E C02(R househo"d su+ermarkets$ ammonia F 2"e%en :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ammonium instant !o"d dru# stores$ nitrate +aks$ &erti"izers medi!a" su++"y stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: nitrous o9ide +ressurizin# +arty su++"y stores drinks and .hi+ !ream :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ma#nesium &irestarters sur+"us stores$ !am+in# stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: "e!ithin %itaminsR +harma!ies$ dru# stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: minera" oi" !ookin#$ "a9ati%e su+ermarket$ dru# store :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: mer!ury S mer!ury thermometers su+ermarkets$ hard.are stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: su"&uri! a!id un!har#ed !ar automoti%e stores batteries :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: #"y!erine R +harma!ies$ dru# stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: su"&ur #ardenin# #ardenin# store$ hard.are storesR :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: !har!oa" !har!oa" #ri""s$ su+ermarkets #ardenin# #ardenin# stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: sodium nitrate &erti"izer #ardenin# store ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

!e""u"ose &irst aid dru# stores$ '!otton* medi!a" su++"y stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: strontium nitrate road &"ares sur+"us stores$ auto stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: &ue" oi" kerosene sto%es sur+"us stores$ 'kerosene* !am+in# stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: bott"ed #as +ro+ane sto%es sur+"us stores$ !am+in# stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +erman#anate .ater +uri&i!ation +uri&i!ation +"ants :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: he9amine or he9amine sto%es sur+"us stores methenamine '!am+in#* '!am+in# storesR* :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: nitri! a!id N !"eanin# +rintin# +rintin# sho+s +"ates +hoto#ra+hy storesR :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: iodine T &irst aid dru# stores :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: sodium +er!h"orate so"ido9 +e""ets hard.are stores &or !uttin# tor!hes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: NotesK P ethy" a"!oho" is mi9ed .ith methy" a"!oho" .hen it is used as a so"%ent. 4ethy" a"!oho" is %ery +oisonous. )o"%ent a"!oho" must be at "east HAQ ethy" a"!oho" i& it is used to make mer!ury &u"minate. 4ethy" a"!oho" may +re%ent mer!ury &u"minate &rom &ormin#. E (mmonia$ .hen bou#ht in stores !omes in a %ariety o& &orms. The +ine and !"oudy ammonias shou"d not be bou#ht8 on"y the !"ear ammonia shou"d be used to make ammonium triiodide !rysta"s. S 4er!ury thermometers are be!omin# a rarity$ un&ortunate"y. They may be hard to &ind in most stores. 4er!ury is a"so used in mer!ury s.it!hes$ .hi!h are a%ai"ab"e at e"e!troni!s stores. 4er!ury is a hazardous substan!e$ and shou"d be ke+t in the thermometer or mer!ury s.it!h unti" used. It #i%es o&& mer!ury %a+ors .hi!h .i"" !ause brain dama#e i& inha"ed. -or this reason$ it is a #ood idea not to s+i"" mer!ury$ and to a".ays use it outdoors. ("so$ do not #et it in an o+en !ut8 rubber #"o%es .i"" he"+ +re%ent this. N Nitri! a!id is %ery di&&i!u"t to &ind no.adays. It is usua""y sto"en by bomb makers$ or made by the +ro!ess des!ribed in a "ater se!tion. ( desired !on!entration &or makin# e9+"osi%es about F0Q. T The iodine so"d in dru# stores is usua""y not the +ure !rysta"ine &orm that is desired &or +rodu!in# ammonium triiodide !rysta"s. To obtain the +ure &orm$ it must usua""y be a!/uired by a do!tor,s +res!ri+tion$ but this !an be e9+ensi%e. On!e a#ain$ the&t is the means that terrorists resu"t to.

;.> ;.>1

PR2P(R(TION O- CH24IC(0) NITRIC (CID

There are se%era" .ays to make this most essentia" o& a"" a!ids &or e9+"osi%es. One method by .hi!h it !ou"d be made .i"" be +resented. On!e a#ain$ be reminded that these methods )HOU0D NOT 12 C(RRI2D OUT55 4ateria"sK :::::::::: sodium nitrate or +otassium nitrate disti""ed .ater !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id 2/ui+ment ::::::::: ad7ustab"e heat sour!e retort i!e bath stirrin# rod !o""e!tin# &"ask .ith sto++er

1* Pour >; mi""i"iters o& !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id into the retort. ;* Care&u""y .ei#h out AG #rams o& sodium nitrate$ or BG #rams o& +otassium nitrate. and add this to the a!id s"o."y. I& it a"" does not disso"%e$ !are&u""y stir the so"ution .ith a #"ass rod unti" it does. >* P"a!e the o+en end o& the retort into the !o""e!tin# &"ask$ and +"a!e the !o""e!tin# &"ask in the i!e bath. ?* 1e#in heatin# the retort$ usin# "o. heat. Continue heatin# unti" "i/uid be#ins to !ome out o& the end o& the retort. The "i/uid that &orms is nitri! a!id. Heat unti" the +re!i+itate in the bottom o& the retort is a"most dry$ or unti" no more nitri! a!id is &ormin#. C(UTIONK I& the a!id is headed too stron#"y$ the nitri! a!id .i"" de!om+ose as soon as it is &ormed. This !an resu"t in the +rodu!tion o& hi#h"y &"ammab"e and to9i! #asses that may e9+"ode. It is a #ood idea to set the abo%e a++aratus u+$ and then #et a.ay &rom it. Potassium nitrate !ou"d a"so be obtained &rom store bou#ht b"a!k +o.der$ sim+"y by disso"%in# b"a!k +o.der in boi"in# .ater and &i"terin# out the su"&ur and !har!oa". To obtain BG # o& +otassium nitrate$ it .ou"d be ne!essary to disso"%e about H0 # o& b"a!k +o.der in about one "itre o& boi"in# .ater. -i"ter the disso"%ed so"ution throu#h &i"ter +a+er in a &unne" into a 7ar unti" the "i/uid that +ours throu#h is !"ear. The !har!oa" and su"&ur in b"a!k +o.der are inso"ub"e in .ater$ and so .hen the so"ution o& .ater is a""o.ed to e%a+orate$ +otassium nitrate .i"" be "e&t in the 7ar. ;.>; )U0-URIC (CID

)u"&uri! a!id is &ar too di&&i!u"t to make outside o& a "aboratory or industria" +"ant. Ho.e%er$ it is readi"y a%ai"ab"e in an un!har#ed !ar battery. ( +erson .ishin# to make su"&uri! a!id .ou"d sim+"y remo%e the to+ o& a !ar battery and +our the a!id into a #"ass !ontainer. There .ou"d +robab"y be +ie!es o& "ead &rom the battery in the a!id .hi!h .ou"d ha%e to be remo%ed$

either by boi"in# or &i"tration. The !on!entration o& the su"&uri! a!id !an a"so be in!reased by boi"in# it8 %ery +ure su"&uri! a!id +ours s"i#ht"y &aster than !"ean motor oi". ;.>> (44ONIU4 NITR(T2

(mmonium nitrate is a %ery +o.er&u" but insensiti%e hi#h order e9+"osi%e. It !ou"d be made %ery easi"y by +ourin# nitri! a!id into a "ar#e &"ask in an i!e bath. Then$ by sim+"y +ourin# househo"d ammonia into the &"ask and runnin# a.ay$ ammonium nitrate .ou"d be &ormed. (&ter the materia"s ha%e sto++ed rea!tin#$ one .ou"d sim+"y ha%e to "ea%e the so"ution in a .arm +"a!e unti" a"" o& the .ater and any unneutra"ized ammonia or a!id ha%e e%a+orated. There .ou"d be a &ine +o.der &ormed$ .hi!h .ou"d be ammonium nitrate. It must be ke+t in an airti#ht !ontainer$ be!ause o& its tenden!y to +i!k u+ .ater &rom the air. The !rysta"s &ormed in the abo%e +ro!ess .ou"d ha%e to be heated =2R3 #ent"y to dri%e o&& the remainin# .ater. >.0 2<P0O)I=2 R2CIP2)

On!e a#ain$ +ersons readin# this materia" 4U)T N2=2R (TT24PT TO PRODUC2 (N3 O- TH2 2<P0O)I=2) D2)CRI12D H2R2IN. IT I) I002G(0 (ND 2<TR24203 D(NG2ROU) TO (TT24PT TO DO )O. 0O)) O- 0I-2 (ND@OR 0I41 COU0D 2()I03 OCCUR () ( R2)U0T O- (TT24PTING TO PRODUC2 2<P0O)I=2 4(T2RI(0). These re!i+es are theoreti!a""y !orre!t$ meanin# that an indi%idua" !ou"d !on!ei%ab"y +rodu!e the materia"s des!ribed. The methods here are usua""y s!a"ed do.n industria" +ro!edures. >.01 2<P0O)I=2 TH2OR3

(n e9+"osi%e is any materia" that$ .hen i#nited by heat or sho!k$ under#oes ra+id de!om+osition or o9idation. This +ro!ess re"eases ener#y that is stored in the materia" in the &orm o& heat and "i#ht$ or by breakin# do.n into #aseous !om+ounds that o!!u+y a mu!h "ar#er %o"ume that the ori#ina" +ie!e o& materia". 1e!ause this e9+ansion is %ery ra+id$ "ar#e %o"umes o& air are dis+"a!ed by the e9+andin# #asses. This e9+ansion o!!urs at a s+eed #reater than the s+eed o& sound$ and so a soni! boom o!!urs. This e9+"ains the me!hani!s behind an e9+"osion. 29+"osi%es o!!ur in se%era" &ormsK hi#h order e9+"osi%es .hi!h detonate$ "o. order e9+"osi%es$ .hi!h burn$ and +rimers$ .hi!h may do both. Hi#h order e9+"osi%es detonate. ( detonation o!!urs on"y in a hi#h order e9+"osi%e. Detonations are usua""y in!urred by a sho!k.a%e that +asses throu#h a b"o!k o& the hi#h e9+"osi%e materia". The sho!k.a%e breaks a+art the mo"e!u"ar bonds bet.een the atoms o& the substan!e$ at a rate a++ro9imate"y e/ua" to the s+eed o& sound tra%e"in# throu#h that materia". In a hi#h e9+"osi%e$ the &ue" and o9odizer are !hemi!a""y bonded$ and the sho!k.a%e breaks a+art these bonds$ and re !ombines the t.o materia"s to +rodu!e most"y #asses. T.N.T.$ ammonium nitrate$ and R.D.<. are e9am+"es o& hi#h order e9+"osi%es. 0o. order e9+"osi%es do not detonate8 they burn$ or under#o o9idation. .hen heated$ the &ue"'s* and o9odizer's* !ombine to +rodu!e heat$ "i#ht$ and #aseous +rodu!ts. )ome "o. order materia"s burn at about the same s+eed under +ressure as they do in the o+en$ su!h as b"a!k+o.der. Others$ su!h as #un+o.der$ .hi!h is !orre!t"y !a""ed nitro!e""u"ose$ burn mu!h &aster and hotter .hen they are in a !on&ined s+a!e$ su!h as the barre" o& a &irearm8 they usua""y burn mu!h s"o.er than b"a!k+o.der .hen they are i#nited in un+ressurized !onditions. 1"a!k +o.der$ nitro!e""u"ose$ and &"ash +o.der are #ood e9am+"es o& "o. order

e9+"osi%es. Primers are +e!u"iarities to the e9+"osi%e &ie"d. )ome o& them$ su!h as mer!ury &i"minate$ .i"" &un!tion as a "o. or hi#h order e9+"osi%e. They are usua""y more sensiti%e to &ri!tion$ heat$ or sho!k$ than the hi#h or "o. e9+"osi%es. 4ost +rimers +er&orm "ike a hi#h order e9+"osi%e$ e9!e+t that they are mu!h more sensiti%e. )ti"" others mere"y burn$ but .hen they are !on&ined$ they burn at a #reat rate and .ith a "ar#e e9+ansion o& #asses and a sho!k.a%e. Primers are usua""y used in a sma"" amount to initiate$ or !ause to de!om+ose$ a hi#h order e9+"osi%e$ as in an arti""ery she"". 1ut$ they are a"so &re/uent"y used to i#nite a "o. order e9+"osi%e8 the #un+o.der in a bu""et is i#nited by the detonation o& its +rimer. >.1 I4P(CT 2<P0O)I=2)

Im+a!t e9+"osi%es are o&ten used as +rimers. O& the ones dis!ussed here$ on"y mer!ury &u"minate and nitro#"y!erine are rea" e9+"osi%es8 (mmonium triiodide !rysta"s de!om+ose u+on im+a!t$ but they re"ease "itt"e heat and no "i#ht. Im+a!t e9+"osi%es are a".ays treated .ith the #reatest !are$ and e%en the stu+idest anar!hist ne%er stores them near any hi#h or "o. e9+"osi%es. >.11 (44ONIU4 TRIIODID2 CR3)T(0)

(mmonium triiodide !rysta"s are &ou" sme""in# +ur+"e !o"ored !rysta"s that de!om+ose under the s"i#htest amount o& heat$ &ri!tion$ or sho!k$ i& they are made .ith the +urest ammonia 'ammonium hydro9ide* and iodine. )u!h !rysta"s are said to detonate .hen a &"y "ands on them$ or .hen an ant .a"ks a!ross them. Househo"d ammonia$ ho.e%er$ has enou#h im+urities$ su!h as soa+s and abrasi%e a#ents$ so that the !rysta"s .i"" detonate .hen thro.n$!rushed$ or heated. U+on detonation$ a "oud re+ort is heard$ and a !"oud o& +ur+"e iodine #as a++ears about the detonation site. Dhate%er the un&ortunate sur&a!e that the !rysta" .as detonated u+on .i"" usua""y be ruined$ as some o& the iodine in the !rysta" is thro.n about in a so"id &orm$ and iodine is !orrosi%e. It "ea%es nasty$ u#"y$ +ermanent bro.nish +ur+"e stains on .hate%er it !onta!ts. Iodine #as is a"so bad ne.s$ sin!e it !an dama#e "un#s$ and it sett"es to the #round and stains thin#s there a"so. Tou!hin# iodine "ea%es bro.n stains on the skin that "ast &or about a .eek$ un"ess they are immediate"y and %i#orous"y .ashed o&&. Dhi"e su!h a !om+ound .ou"d ha%e "itt"e use to a serious terrorist$ a %anda" !ou"d uti"ize them in dama#in# +ro+erty. Or$ a terrorist !ou"d thro. se%era" o& them into a !ro.d as a distra!tion$ an a!tion .hi!h .ou"d +ossib"y in7ure a &e. +eo+"e$ but &ri#hten a"most anyone$ sin!e a sma"" !rysta" that not be seen .hen thro.n +rodu!es a rather "oud e9+"osion. (mmonium triiodide !rysta"s !ou"d be +rodu!ed in the &o""o.in# mannerK 4ateria"s ::::::::: iodine !rysta"s 2/ui+ment ::::::::: &unne" and &i"ter +a+er

+a+er to.e"s !"ear ammonia 'ammonium hydro9ide$ t.o thro. a.ay #"ass 7ars &or the sui!ida"* 1* P"a!e about t.o teas+oons o& iodine into one o& the #"ass 7ars. The 7ars must both be thro. a.ay be!ause they .i"" ne%er be !"ean a#ain. ;* (dd enou#h ammonia to !om+"ete"y !o%er the iodine.

>* P"a!e the &unne" into the other 7ar$ and +ut the &i"ter +a+er in the &unne". The te!hni/ue &or +uttin# &i"ter +a+er in a &unne" is tau#ht in e%ery basi! !hemistry "ab !"assK &o"d the !ir!u"ar +a+er in ha"&$ so that a semi !ir!"e is &ormed. Then$ &o"d it in ha"& a#ain to &orm a trian#"e .ith one !ur%ed side. Pu"" one thi!kness o& +a+er out to &orm a !one$ and +"a!e the !one into the &unne". ?* (&ter a""o.in# the iodine to soak in the ammonia &or a .hi"e$ +our the so"ution into the +a+er in the &unne" throu#h the &i"ter +a+er. A* Dhi"e the so"ution is bein# &i"tered$ +ut more ammonia into the &irst 7ar to .ash any remainin# !rysta"s into the &unne" as soon as it drains. B* Co""e!t a"" the +ur+"ish !rysta"s .ithout tou!hin# the bro.n &i"ter +a+er$ and +"a!e them on the +a+er to.e"s to dry &or about an hour. 4ake sure that they are not too !"ose to any "i#hts or other sour!es o& heat$ as they !ou"d .e"" detonate. Dhi"e they are sti"" .et$ di%ide the .et materia" into about ei#ht !hunks. F* (&ter they dry$ #ent"y +"a!e the !rysta"s onto a one s/uare in!h +ie!e o& du!t ta+e. Co%er it .ith a simi"ar +ie!e$ and #ent"y +ress the du!t ta+e to#ether around the !rysta"$ makin# sure not to +ress the !rysta" itse"&. -ina""y$ !ut a.ay most o& the e9!ess du!t ta+e .ith a +air o& s!issors$ and store the !rysta"s in a !oo" dry sa&e +"a!e. They ha%e a she"& "i&e o& about a .eek$ and they shou"d be stored in indi%idua" !ontainers that !an be thro.n a.ay$ sin!e they ha%e a tenden!y to s"o."y de!om+ose$ a +ro!ess .hi!h #i%es o&& iodine %a+ors$ .hi!h .i"" stain .hate%er they sett"e on. One +ossib"e .ay to in!rease their she"& "i&e is to store them in airti#ht !ontainers. To use them$ sim+"y thro. them a#ainst any sur&a!e or +"a!e them .here they .i"" be ste++ed on or !rushed. >.1; 42RCUR3 -U04IN(T2

4er!ury &u"minate is +erha+s one o& the o"dest kno.n initiatin# !om+ounds. It !an be detonated by either heat or sho!k$ .hi!h .ou"d make it o& in&inite %a"ue to a terrorist. 2%en the a!tion o& dro++in# a !rysta" o& the &u"minate !auses it to e9+"ode. ( +erson makin# this materia" .ou"d +robab"y use the &o""o.in# +ro!edureK 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: mer!ury 'A #* 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: #"ass stirrin# rod

!on!entrated nitri! 100 m" beaker ';* a!id '>A m"* ad7ustab"e heat sour!e ethy" a"!oho" '>0 m"* disti""ed .ater b"ue "itmus +a+er &unne" and &i"ter +a+er 1* In one beaker$ mi9 A # o& mer!ury .ith >A m" o& !on!entrated nitri! a!id$ usin# the #"ass rod. ;* )"o."y heat the mi9ture unti" the mer!ury is disso"%ed$ .hi!h is .hen the so"ution turns #reen and boi"s.

>* P"a!e >0 m" o& ethy" a"!oho" into the se!ond beaker$ and s"o."y and !are&u""y add a"" o& the !ontents o& the &irst beaker to it. Red and@or bro.n &umes shou"d a++ear. These &umes are to9i! and &"ammab"e. ?* (&ter thirty to &orty minutes$ the &umes shou"d turn .hite$ indi!atin# that the rea!tion is near !om+"etion. (&ter ten more minutes$ add >0 m" o& the disti""ed .ater to the so"ution. A* Care&u""y &i"ter out the !rysta"s o& mer!ury &u"minate &rom the "i/uid so"ution. Dis+ose o& the so"ution in a sa&e +"a!e$ as it is !orrosi%e and to9i!. B* Dash the !rysta"s se%era" times in disti""ed .ater to remo%e as mu!h e9!ess a!id as +ossib"e. Test the !rysta"s .ith the "itmus +a+er unti" they are neutra". This .i"" be .hen the "itmus +a+er stays b"ue .hen it tou!hes the .et !rysta"s F* (""o. the !rysta"s to dry$ and store them in a sa&e +"a!e$ &ar a.ay &rom any e9+"osi%e or &"ammab"e materia". This +ro!edure !an a"so be done by %o"ume$ i& the a%ai"ab"e mer!ury !annot be .ei#hed. )im+"y use 10 %o"umes o& nitri! a!id and 10 %o"umes o& ethano" to e%ery one %o"ume o& mer!ury. >.1> NITROG03C2RIN2

Nitro#"y!erine is one o& the most sensiti%e e9+"osi%es$ i& it is not the most sensiti%e. ("thou#h it is +ossib"e to make it sa&e"y$ it is di&&i!u"t. 4any a youn# anar!hist has been ki""ed or serious"y in7ured .hi"e tryin# to make the stu&&. Dhen Nobe",s &a!tories make it$ many +eo+"e .ere ki""ed by the a"" to &re/uent &a!tory e9+"osions. Usua""y$ as soon as it is made$ it is !on%erted into a sa&er substan!e$ su!h as dynamite. (n idiot .ho attem+ts to make nitro#"y!erine .ou"d use the &o""o.in# +ro!edureK 4(T2RI(0 :::::::: disti""ed .ater tab"e sa"t 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: eye dro++er 100 m" beaker ;00 >00 m" beakers ';* i!e bath !ontainer ' a +"asti! bu!ket ser%es .e"" *

sodium bi!arbonate !on!entrated nitri! a!id '1> m"*

!on!entrated su"&uri! !enti#rade thermometer a!id '>H m"* #"y!erine b"ue "itmus +a+er

1* P"a!e 1A0 m" o& disti""ed .ater into one o& the ;00 >00 m" beakers. ;* In the other ;00 >00 m" beaker$ +"a!e 1A0 m" o& disti""ed .ater and about a s+oon&u" o& sodium bi!arbonate$ and stir them unti" the sodium bi!arbonate disso"%es. Do not +ut so mu!h sodium bi!arbonate in the .ater so that some

remains undisso"%ed. >* Create an i!e bath by ha"& &i""in# the i!e bath !ontainer .ith i!e$ and addin# tab"e sa"t. This .i"" !ause the i!e to me"t$ "o.erin# the o%era"" tem+erature. ?* P"a!e the 100 m" beaker into the i!e bath$ and +our the 1> m" o& !on!entrated nitri! a!id into the 100 m" beaker. 1e sure that the beaker .i"" not s+i"" into the i!e bath$ and that the i!e bath .i"" not o%er&"o. into the beaker .hen more materia"s are added to it. 1e sure to ha%e a "ar#e enou#h i!e bath !ontainer to add more i!e. 1rin# the tem+erature o& the a!id do.n to about ;0 de#rees !enti#rade or "ess. A* Dhen the nitri! a!id is as !o"d as stated abo%e$ s"o."y and !are&u""y add the >H m" o& !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id to the nitri! a!id. 4i9 the t.o a!ids to#ether$ and !oo" the mi9ed a!ids to 10 de#rees !enti#rade. It is a #ood idea to start another i!e bath to do this. B* Dith the eyedro++er$ s"o."y +ut the #"y!erine into the mi9ed a!ids$ one dro+ at a time. Ho"d the thermometer a"on# the to+ o& the mi9ture .here the mi9ed a!ids and #"y!erine meet. DO NOT (00OD TH2 T24P2R(TUR2 TO G2T (1O=2 >0 D2GR22) C2NTIGR(D28 I- TH2 T24P2R(TUR2 RI)2) (1O=2 THI) T24P2R(TUR2$ RUN 0IJ2 H200555 The #"y!erine .i"" start to nitrate immediate"y$ and the tem+erature .i"" immediate"y be#in to rise. (dd #"y!erine unti" there is a thin "ayer o& #"y!erine on to+ o& the mi9ed a!ids. It is a".ays sa&est to make any e9+"osi%e in sma"" /uantities. F* )tir the mi9ed a!ids and #"y!erine &or the &irst ten minutes o& nitration$ addin# i!e and sa"t to the i!e bath to kee+ the tem+erature o& the so"ution in the 100 m" beaker .e"" be"o. >0 de#rees !enti#rade. Usua""y$ the nitro#"y!erine .i"" &orm on the to+ o& the mi9ed a!id so"ution$ and the !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id .i"" absorb the .ater +rodu!ed by the rea!tion. G* Dhen the rea!tion is o%er$ and .hen the nitro#"y!erine is .e"" be"o. >0 de#rees !enti#rade$ s"o."y and !are&u""y +our the so"ution o& nitro#"y!erine and mi9ed a!id into the disti""ed .ater in the beaker in ste+ 1. The nitro#"y!erine shou"d sett"e to the bottom o& the beaker$ and the .ater a!id so"ution on to+ !an be +oured o&& and dis+osed o&. Drain as mu!h o& the a!id .ater so"ution as +ossib"e .ithout disturbin# the nitro#"y!erine. H* Care&u""y remo%e the nitro#"y!erine .ith a !"ean eye dro++er$ and +"a!e it into the beaker in ste+ ;. The sodium bi!arbonate so"ution .i"" e"iminate mu!h o& the a!id$ .hi!h .i"" make the nitro#"y!erine more stab"e$ and "ess "ike"y to e9+"ode &or no reason$ .hi!h it !an do. Test the nitro#"y!erine .ith the "itmus +a+er unti" the "itmus stays b"ue. Re+eat this ste+ i& ne!essary$ and use ne. sodium bi!arbonate so"utions as in ste+ ;. 10* Dhen the nitro#"y!erine is as a!id &ree as +ossib"e$ store it in a !"ean !ontainer in a sa&e +"a!e. The best +"a!e to store nitro#"y!erine is &ar a.ay &rom anythin# "i%in#$ or &rom anythin# o& any %a"ue. Nitro#"y!erine !an e9+"ode &or no a++arent reason$ e%en i& it is stored in a se!ure !oo" +"a!e. >.1? PICR(T2)

("thou#h the +ro!edure &or the +rodu!tion o& +i!ri! a!id$ or trinitro+heno" has not yet been #i%en$ its sa"ts are des!ribed &irst$ sin!e they are e9treme"y sensiti%e$ and detonate on im+a!t. 1y mi9in# +i!ri! a!id .ith meta" hydro9ides$ su!h as sodium or +otassium hydro9ide$ and e%a+oratin# the .ater$ meta" +i!rates !an be &ormed. )im+"y obtain +i!ri! a!id$ or +rodu!e it$

and mi9 it .ith a so"ution o& '+re&erab"y* +otassium hydro9ide$ o& a mid ran#e mo"arity. 'about B H 4* This materia"$ +otassium +i!rate$ is im+a!t sensiti%e$ and !an be used as an initiator &or any ty+e o& hi#h e9+"osi%e. >.; 0OD ORD2R 2<P0O)I=2)

There are many "o. order e9+"osi%es that !an be +ur!hased in stores and used in e9+"osi%e de%i!es. Ho.e%er$ it is +ossib"e that a .ise #un store o.ner .ou"d not se"" these substan!es to a sus+i!ious "ookin# indi%idua". )u!h an indi%idua" .ou"d then be &or!ed to resort to makin# his o.n "o. order e9+"osi%es. >.;1 10(CJ PODD2R

-irst made by the Chinese &or use in &ire.orks$ b"a!k +o.der .as &irst used in .ea+ons and e9+"osi%es in the 1;th !entury. It is %ery sim+"e to make$ but it is not %ery +o.er&u" or sa&e. On"y about A0Q o& b"a!k +o.der is !on%erted to hot #asses .hen it is burned8 the other ha"& is most"y %ery &ine burned +arti!"es. 1"a!k +o.der has one ma7or +rob"emK it !an be i#nited by stati! e"e!tri!ity. This is %ery bad$ and it means that the materia" must be made .ith .ooden or !"ay too"s. (ny.ay$ a mis#uided indi%idua" !ou"d manu&a!ture b"a!k +o.der at home .ith the &o""o.in# +ro!edureK 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: +otassium nitrate 'FA #* or sodium nitrate 'FA #* su"&ur '10 #* !har!oa" '1A #* disti""ed .ater 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: !"ay #rindin# bo." and !"ay #rinder or .ooden sa"ad bo." and .ooden s+oon +"asti! ba#s '>* >00 A00 m" beaker '1* !o&&ee +ot or heat sour!e

1* P"a!e a sma"" amount o& the +otassium or sodium nitrate in the #rindin# bo." and #rind it to a %ery &ine +o.der. Do this to a"" o& the +otassium or sodium nitrate$ and store the #round +o.der in one o& the +"asti! ba#s. ;* Do the same thin# to the su"&ur and !har!oa"$ storin# ea!h !hemi!a" in a se+arate +"asti! ba#. >* P"a!e a"" o& the &ine"y #round +otassium or sodium nitrate in the beaker$ and add 7ust enou#h boi"in# .ater to the !hemi!a" to #et it a"" .et. ?* (dd the !ontents o& the other +"asti! ba#s to the .et +otassium or sodium nitrate$ and mi9 them .e"" &or se%era" minutes. Do this unti" there is no more %isib"e su"&ur or !har!oa"$ or unti" the mi9ture is uni%ersa""y b"a!k. A* On a .arm sunny day$ +ut the beaker outside in the dire!t sun"i#ht. )un"i#ht

is rea""y the best .ay to dry b"a!k +o.der$ sin!e it is ne%er too hot$ but it is hot enou#h to e%a+orate the .ater. B* )!ra+e the b"a!k +o.der out o& the beaker$ and store it in a sa&e !ontainer. P"asti! is rea""y the sa&est !ontainer$ &o""o.ed by +a+er. Ne%er store b"a!k +o.der in a +"asti! ba#$ sin!e +"asti! ba#s are +rone to #enerate stati! e"e!tri!ity. >.;; NITROC200U0O)2

Nitro!e""u"ose is usua""y !a""ed I#un+o.derI or I#un!ottonI. It is more stab"e than b"a!k +o.der$ and it +rodu!es a mu!h #reater %o"ume o& hot #as. It a"so burns mu!h &aster than b"a!k +o.der .hen it is in a !on&ined s+a!e. -ina""y$ nitro!e""u"ose is &air"y easy to make$ as out"ined by the &o""o.in# +ro!edureK 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: !otton '!e""u"ose* !on!entrated nitri! a!id !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id disti""ed .ater 1* Pour 10 !! o& !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id into the beaker. (dd to this 10 !! o& !on!entrated nitri! a!id. ;* Immediate"y add 0.A #m o& !otton$ and a""o. it to soak &or e9a!t"y > minutes. >* Remo%e the nitro!e""u"ose and +re+are .ater to .ash it in. ?* (""o. the materia" to dry$ and then re .ash it. A* (&ter the !otton is neutra" .hen tested .ith "itmus +a+er$ it is ready to be dried and stored. >.;> -U20 O<ODIU2R 4I<TUR2) 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: t.o ';* ;00 >00 m" beakers &unne" and &i"ter +a+er b"ue "itmus +a+er

There are near"y an in&inite number o& &ue" o9odizer mi9tures that !an be +rodu!ed by a mis#uided indi%idua" in his o.n home. )ome are %ery e&&e!ti%e and dan#erous$ .hi"e others are sa&er and "ess e&&e!ti%e. ( "ist o& .orkin# &ue" o9odizer mi9tures .i"" be +resented$ but the e9a!t measurements o& ea!h !om+ound are debatab"e &or ma9imum e&&e!ti%eness. ( rou#h estimate .i"" be #i%en o& the +er!enta#es o& ea!h &ue" and o9odizerK

O9odizer$ Q by .ei#ht -ue"$ Q by .ei#ht )+eed V Notes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium !h"orate BFQ su"&ur >>Q A &ri!tion@ im+a!t sensiti%e rather unstab"e

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium !h"orate A0Q su#ar >AQ A &air"y s"o. !har!oa" 1AQ burnin#8 unstab"e :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium !h"orate A0Q su"&ur ;AQ G e9treme"y ma#nesium or unstab"e5 a"uminum dust ;AQ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium !h"orate BFQ ma#nesium or G unstab"e a"uminum dust >>Q :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: sodium nitrate BAQ ma#nesium dust >0Q R un+redi!tab"e su"&ur AQ burn rate :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +erman#anate B0Q #"y!erine ?0Q ? de"ay be&ore i#nition de+ends D(RNINGK IGNIT2) )PONT(N2OU)03 DITH G03C2RIN2555 u+on #rain size :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +erman#anate BFQ su"&ur >>Q A unstab"e :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +erman#enate B0Q su"&ur ;0Q A unstab"e ma#nesium or a"uminum dust ;0Q :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +erman#anate A0Q su#ar A0Q > R :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium nitrate FAQ !har!oa" 1AQ F this is su"&ur 10Q b"a!k +o.der5 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium nitrate B0Q +o.dered iron 1 burns %ery hot or ma#nesium ?0Q :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium !h"orate FAQ +hos+horus G used to make ses/uisu"&ide ;AQ strike any.here mat!hes :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ammonium +er!h"orate F0Q a"uminum dust >0Q B so"id &ue" &or E sma"" amount o& s+a!e shutt"e iron o9ide :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +er!h"orate BFQ ma#nesium or 10 &"ash +o.der 'sodium +er!h"orate* a"uminum dust >>Q :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +er!h"orate B0Q ma#nesium or G a"ternate 'sodium +er!h"orate* a"uminum dust ;0Q &"ash +o.der su"&ur ;0Q :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: barium nitrate >0Q a"uminum dust >0Q H a"ternate +otassium +er!h"orate >0Q &"ash +o.der :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: barium +ero9ide H0Q ma#nesium dust AQ 10 a"ternate a"uminum dust AQ &"ash +o.der :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +er!h"orate A0Q su"&ur ;AQ G s"i#ht"y ma#nesium or unstab"e a"uminum dust ;AQ :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium !h"orate BFQ red +hos+horus ;FQ F %ery !a"!ium !arbonate >Q su"&ur >Q unstab"e5

im+a!t sensiti%e :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium +erman#anate A0Q +o.dered su#ar ;AQ F unstab"e8 a"uminum or i#nites i& ma#nesium dust ;AQ it #ets .et5 :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +otassium !h"orate FAQ !har!oa" dust 1AQ B unstab"e su"&ur 10Q :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: NOT2K 4i9tures that uses substitutions o& sodium +er!h"orate &or +otassium +er!h"orate be!ome moisture absorbent and "ess stab"e. The hi#her the s+eed number$ the &aster the &ue" o9odizer mi9ture burns (-T2R i#nition. ("so$ as a ru"e$ the &iner the +o.der$ the &aster the rate o& burnin#. (s one !an easi"y see$ there is a .ide %ariety o& &ue" o9odizer mi9tures that !an be made at home. 1y a"terin# the amounts o& &ue" and o9odizer's*$ di&&erent burn rates !an be a!hie%ed$ but this a"so !an !han#e the sensiti%ity o& the mi9ture. >.;? P2RCH0OR(T2)

(s a ru"e$ any o9idizab"e materia" that is treated .ith +er!h"ori! a!id .i"" be!ome a "o. order e9+"osi%e. 4eta"s$ ho.e%er$ su!h as +otassium or sodium$ be!ome e9!e""ent bases &or &"ash ty+e +o.ders. )ome materia"s that !an be +er!h"orated are !otton$ +a+er$ and sa.dust. To +rodu!e +otassium or sodium +er!h"orate$ sim+"y a!/uire the hydro9ide o& that meta"$ e.#. sodium or +otassium hydro9ide. It is a #ood idea to test the materia" to be +er!h"orated .ith a %ery sma"" amount o& a!id$ sin!e some o& the materia"s tend to rea!t e9+"osi%e"y .hen !onta!ted by the a!id. )o"utions o& sodium or +otassium hydro9ide are idea". >.> HIGH ORD2R 2<P0O)I=2)

Hi#h order e9+"osi%es !an be made in the home .ithout too mu!h di&&i!u"ty. The main +rob"em is a!/uirin# the nitri! a!id to +rodu!e the hi#h e9+"osi%e. 4ost hi#h e9+"osi%es detonate be!ause their mo"e!u"ar stru!ture is made u+ o& some &ue" and usua""y three or more NO; ' nitro#en dio9ide * mo"e!u"es. T.N.T.$ or Tri Nitro To"uene is an e9!e""ent e9am+"e o& su!h a materia". Dhen a sho!k .a%e +asses throu#h an mo"e!u"e o& T.N.T.$ the nitro#en dio9ide bond is broken$ and the o9y#en !ombines .ith the &ue"$ a"" in a matter o& mi!rose!onds. This a!!ounts &or the #reat +o.er o& nitro#en based e9+"osi%es. Rememberin# that these +ro!edures are N2=2R TO 12 C(RRI2D OUT$ se%era" methods o& manu&a!turin# hi#h order e9+"osi%es in the home are "isted.

>.>1

R.D.<.

R.D.<.$ a"so !a""ed !y!"onite$ or !om+osition C 1 '.hen mi9ed .ith +"asti!isers* is one o& the most %a"uab"e o& a"" mi"itary e9+"osi%es. This is be!ause it has more than 1A0Q o& the +o.er o& T.N.T.$ and is mu!h easier to detonate. It shou"d not be used a"one$ sin!e it !an be set o&& by a not too se%ere sho!k. It is "ess sensiti%e than mer!ury &u"minate$ or nitro#"y!erine$

but it is sti"" too sensiti%e to be used a"one. R.D.<. !an be made by the sur+risin#"y sim+"e method out"ined herea&ter. It is mu!h easier to make in the home than a"" other hi#h e9+"osi%es$ .ith the +ossib"e e9!e+tion o& ammonium nitrate. 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: he9amine or methenamine &ue" tab"ets 'A0 #* 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: A00 m" beaker #"ass stirrin# rod

&unne" and &i"ter +a+er !on!entrated nitri! a!id 'AA0 m"* i!e bath !ontainer '+"asti! bu!ket* disti""ed .ater !enti#rade thermometer tab"e sa"t b"ue "itmus +a+er i!e ammonium nitrate 1* P"a!e the beaker in the i!e bath$ 'see se!tion >.1>$ ste+s > ?* and !are&u""y +our AA0 m" o& !on!entrated nitri! a!id into the beaker. ;* Dhen the a!id has !oo"ed to be"o. ;0 de#rees !enti#rade$ add sma"" amounts o& the !rushed &ue" tab"ets to the beaker. The tem+erature .i"" rise$ and it must be ke+t be"o. >0 de#rees !enti#rade$ or dire !onse/uen!es !ou"d resu"t. )tir the mi9ture. >* Dro+ the tem+erature be"o. zero de#rees !enti#rade$ either by addin# more i!e and sa"t to the o"d i!e bath$ or by !reatin# a ne. i!e bath. Or$ ammonium nitrate !ou"d be added to the o"d i!e bath$ sin!e it be!omes !o"d .hen it is +ut in .ater. Continue stirrin# the mi9ture$ kee+in# the tem+erature be"o. zero de#rees !enti#rade &or at "east t.enty minutes ?* Pour the mi9ture into a "itre o& !rushed i!e. )hake and stir the mi9ture$ and a""o. it to me"t. On!e it has me"ted$ &i"ter out the !rysta"s$ and dis+ose o& the !orrosi%e "i/uid. A* P"a!e the !rysta"s into one ha"& a "itre o& boi"in# disti""ed .ater. -i"ter the !rysta"s$ and test them .ith the b"ue "itmus +a+er. Re+eat ste+s ? and A unti" the "itmus +a+er remains b"ue. This .i"" make the !rysta"s more stab"e and sa&e. B* )tore the !rysta"s .et unti" ready &or use. (""o. them to dry !om+"ete"y usin# them. R.D.<. is not stab"e enou#h to use a"one as an e9+"osi%e. F* Com+osition C 1 !an be made by mi9in# GG.>Q R.D.<. 'by .ei#ht* .ith 11.1Q minera" oi"$ and 0.BQ "e!ithin. Jneed these materia" to#ether in a +"asti! ba#. This is a #ood .ay to desensitize the e9+"osi%e. G* H.4.<. is a mi9ture o& T.N.T. and R.D.<.8 the ratio is A0@A0$ by .ei#ht. it is not as sensiti%e$ and is a"most as +o.er&u" as strai#ht R.D.<. H* 1y addin# ammonium nitrate to the !rysta"s o& R.D.<. a&ter ste+ A$ it shou"d be +ossib"e to desensitize the R.D.<.$ and in!rease its +o.er$ sin!e ammonium nitrate is %ery insensiti%e and +o.er&u". )oduim or +otassium nitrate !ou"d

a"so be added8 a sma"" /uantity is su&&i!ient to stabi"ize the R.D.<. 10* R.D.<. detonates at a rate o& GAA0 meters@se!ond .hen it is !om+ressed to a density o& 1.AA #@!ubi! !m. >.>; (44ONIU4 NITR(T2

(mmonium nitrate !ou"d be made by a terrorist a!!ordin# to the ha+ hazard method in se!tion ;.>>$ or it !ou"d be sto"en &rom a !onstru!tion site$ sin!e it is usua""y used in b"astin#$ be!ause it is %ery stab"e and insensiti%e to sho!k and heat. ( terrorist !ou"d a"so buy se%era" Instant Co"d Paks &rom a dru# store or medi!a" su++"y store. The ma7or disad%anta#e .ith ammonium nitrate$ &rom a terrorist,s +oint o& %ie.$ .ou"d be detonatin# it. ( rather +o.er&u" +rimin# !har#e must be used$ and usua""y .ith a booster !har#e. The dia#ram be"o. .i"" e9+"ain. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M M M :::::::M M M M M T.N.T.M ammonium nitrate M M+rimer MboosterM M M:::::::M M M M M M M::::::::::M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M

The +rimer e9+"odes$ detonatin# the T.N.T.$ .hi!h detonates$ sendin# a tremendous sho!k.a%e throu#h the ammonium nitrate$ detonatin# it. >.>> (N-O)

(N-O is an a!ronym &or (mmonium Nitrate -ue" Oi" )o"ution. (n (N-O so"%es the on"y other ma7or +rob"em .ith ammonium nitrateK its tenden!y to +i!k u+ .ater %a+or &rom the air. This resu"ts in the e9+"osi%e &ai"in# to detonate .hen su!h an attem+t is made. This is re!ti&ied by mi9in# H?Q 'by .ei#ht* ammonium nitrate .ith BQ &ue" oi"$ or kerosene. The kerosene kee+s the ammonium nitrate &rom absorbin# moisture &rom the air. (n (N-O a"so re/uires a "ar#e sho!k.a%e to set it o&&. >.>? T.N.T.

T.N.T.$ or Tri Nitro To"uene$ is +erha+s the se!ond o"dest kno.n hi#h e9+"osi%e. Dynamite$ o& !ourse$ .as the &irst. It is !ertain"y the best kno.n hi#h e9+"osi%e$ sin!e it has been +o+u"arized by ear"y mornin# !artoons. It is the standard &or !om+arin# other e9+"osi%es to$ sin!e it is the most .e"" kno.n. In industry$ a T.N.T. is made by a three ste+ nitration +ro!ess that is desi#ned to !onser%e the nitri! and su"&uri! a!ids .hi!h are used to make the +rodu!t. ( terrorist$ ho.e%er$ .ou"d +robab"y o+t &or the "ess e!onomi!a" one ste+ method. The one ste+ +ro!ess is +er&ormed by treatin# to"uene .ith %ery stron# '&umin#* su"&uri! a!id. Then$ the su"&ated to"uene is treated .ith %ery stron# '&umin#* nitri! a!id in an i!e bath. Co"d .ater is added the so"ution$ and it is &i"tered. >.>A POT())IU4 CH0OR(T2

Potassium !h"orate itse"& !annot be made in the home$ but it !an be obtained &rom "abs. I& +otassium !h"orate is mi9ed .ith a sma"" amount o& %ase"ine$ or other +etro"eum 7e""y$ and a sho!k.a%e is +assed throu#h it$ the materia" .i"" detonate .ith s"i#ht"y more +o.er than b"a!k +o.der. It must$ ho.e%er$ be !on&ined to detonate it in this manner. The +ro!edure &or makin# su!h an e9+"osi%e is out"ined be"o.K 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: +otassium !h"orate 'H +arts$ by %o"ume* +etro"eum 7e""y '%ase"ine* '1 +art$ by %o"ume* 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: zi+ "o!k +"asti! ba# !"ay #rindin# bo." or .ooden bo." and .ooden s+oon

1* Grind the +otassium !h"orate in the #rindin# bo." !are&u""y and s"o."y$ unti" the +otassium !h"orate is a %ery &ine +o.der. The &iner that it is +o.dered$ the &aster 'better* it .i"" detonate. ;* P"a!e the +o.der into the +"asti! ba#. Put the +etro"eum 7e""y into the +"asti! ba#$ #ettin# as "itt"e on the sides o& the ba# as +ossib"e$ i.e. +ut the %ase"ine on the +otassium !h"orate +o.der. >* C"ose the ba#$ and kneed the materia"s to#ether unti" none o& the +otassium !h"orate is dry +o.der that does not sti!k to the main #"ob. I& ne!essary$ add a bit more +etro"eum 7e""y to the ba#. ?* The materia" must me used .ithin ;? hours$ or the mi9ture .i"" rea!t to #reat"y redu!e the e&&e!ti%eness o& the e9+"osi%e. This rea!tion$ ho.e%er$ is harm"ess$ and re"eases no heat or dan#erous +rodu!ts. >.>B D3N(4IT2

The name dynamite !omes &rom the Greek .ord IdynamisI$ meanin# +o.er. Dynamite .as in%ented by Nobe" short"y a&ter he made nitro#"y!erine. It .as made be!ause nitro#"y!erine .as so dan#erous"y sensiti%e to sho!k. ( mis#uided indi%idua" .ith some sanity .ou"d$ a&ter makin# nitro#"y!erine 'an insane a!t* .ou"d immediate"y !on%ert it to dynamite. This !an be done by addin# %arious materia"s to the nitro#"y!erine$ su!h as sa.dust. The sa.dust ho"ds a "ar#e .ei#ht o& nitro#"y!erine +er %o"ume. Other materia"s$ su!h as ammonium nitrate !ou"d be added$ and they .ou"d tend to desensitize the e9+"osi%e$ and in!rease the +o.er. 1ut e%en these nitro#"y!erine !om+ounds are not rea""y sa&e. >.>F NITRO)T(RCH 2<P0O)I=2)

Nitrostar!h e9+"osi%es are sim+"e to make$ and are &air"y +o.er&u". ("" that need be done is treat %arious star!hes .ith a mi9ture o& !on!entrated nitri! and su"&uri! a!ids. 10 m" o& !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id is added to 10 m" o& !on!entrated nitri! a!id. To this mi9ture is added 0.A #rams o& star!h. Co"d .ater is added$ and the a++arent"y un!han#ed nitrostar!h is &i"tered out. Nitrostar!h e9+"osi%es are o& s"i#ht"y "o.er +o.er than T.N.T.$ but they are more readi"y detonated.

>.>G

PICRIC (CID

Pi!ri! a!id$ a"so kno.n as Tri Nitro Pheno"$ or T.N.P.$ is a mi"itary e9+"osi%e that is most o&ten used as a booster !har#e to set o&& another "ess sensiti%e e9+"osi%e$ su!h as T.N.T. It another e9+"osi%e that is &air"y sim+"e to make$ assumin# that one !an a!/uire the !on!entrated su"&uri! and nitri! a!ids. Its +ro!edure &or manu&a!ture is #i%en in many !o""e#e !hemistry "ab manua"s$ and is easy to &o""o.. The main +rob"em .ith +i!ri! a!id is its tenden!y to &orm dan#erous"y sensiti%e and unstab"e +i!rate sa"ts$ su!h as +otassium +i!rate. -or this reason$ it is usua""y made into a sa&er &orm$ su!h as ammonium +i!rate$ a"so !a""ed e9+"osi%e D. ( so!ia" de%iant .ou"d +robab"y use a &ormu"a simi"ar to the one +resented here to make +i!ri! a!id. 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: +heno" 'H.A #* 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: A00 m" &"ask

!on!entrated ad7ustab"e heat sour!e su"&uri! a!id '1;.A m"* 1000 m" beaker !on!entrated nitri! or other !ontainer a!id '>G m"* suitab"e &or boi"in# in disti""ed .ater &i"ter +a+er and &unne" #"ass stirrin# rod 1* P"a!e H.A #rams o& +heno" into the A00 m" &"ask$ and !are&u""y add 1;.A m" o& !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id and stir the mi9ture. ;* Put ?00 m" o& ta+ .ater into the 1000 m" beaker or boi"in# !ontainer and brin# the .ater to a #ent"e boi". >* (&ter .armin# the A00 m" &"ask under hot ta+ .ater$ +"a!e it in the boi"in# .ater$ and !ontinue to stir the mi9ture o& +heno" and a!id &or about thirty minutes. (&ter thirty minutes$ take the &"ask out$ and a""o. it to !oo" &or about &i%e minutes. ?* Pour out the boi"in# .ater used abo%e$ and a&ter a""o.in# the !ontainer to !oo"$ use it to !reate an i!e bath$ simi"ar to the one used in se!tion >.1>$ ste+s > ?. P"a!e the A00 m" &"ask .ith the mi9ed a!id an +heno" in the i!e bath. (dd >G m" o& !on!entrated nitri! a!id in sma"" amounts$ stirrin# the mi9ture !onstant"y. ( %i#orous but Iharm"essI rea!tion shou"d o!!ur. Dhen the mi9ture sto+s rea!tin# %i#orous"y$ take the &"ask out o& the i!e bath. A* Darm the i!e bath !ontainer$ i& it is #"ass$ and then be#in boi"in# more ta+ .ater. P"a!e the &"ask !ontainin# the mi9ture in the boi"in# .ater$ and heat it in the boi"in# .ater &or 1.A to ; hours. B* (dd 100 m" o& !o"d disti""ed .ater to the so"ution$ and !hi"" it in an i!e bath unti" it is !o"d. F* -i"ter out the ye""o.ish .hite +i!ri! a!id !rysta"s by +ourin# the so"ution throu#h the &i"ter +a+er in the &unne". Co""e!t the "i/uid and dis+ose o& it in a sa&e +"a!e$ sin!e it is !orrosi%e. G* Dash out the A00 m" &"ask .ith disti""ed .ater$ and +ut the !ontents o& the

&i"ter +a+er in the &"ask. (dd >00 m" o& .ater$ and shake %i#orous"y. H* Re &i"ter the !rysta"s$ and a""o. them to dry. 10* )tore the !rysta"s in a sa&e +"a!e in a #"ass !ontainer$ sin!e they .i"" rea!t .ith meta" !ontainers to +rodu!e +i!rates that !ou"d e9+"ode s+ontaneous"y. >.>H (44ONIU4 PICR(T2

(mmonium +i!rate$ a"so !a""ed 29+"osi%e D$ is another sa&ety e9+"osi%e. It re/uires a substantia" sho!k to !ause it to detonate$ s"i#ht"y "ess than that re/uired to detonate ammonium nitrate. It is mu!h sa&er than +i!ri! a!id$ sin!e it has "itt"e tenden!y to &orm hazardous unstab"e sa"ts .hen +"a!ed in meta" !ontainers. It is sim+"e to make &rom +i!ri! a!id and !"ear househo"d ammonia. ("" that need be done is +ut the +i!ri! a!id !rysta"s into a #"ass !ontainer and disso"%e them in a #reat /uantity o& hot .ater. (dd !"ear househo"d ammonia in e9!ess$ and a""o. the e9!ess ammonia to e%a+orate. The +o.der remainin# shou"d be ammonium +i!rate. >.?0 NITROG2N TRICH0ORID2 Nitro#en tri!h"oride$ a"so kno.n as !h"oride o& azode$ is an oi"y ye""o. "i/uid. It e9+"odes %io"ent"y .hen it is heated abo%e B0 de#rees !e"sius$ or .hen it !omes in !onta!t .ith an o+en &"ame or s+ark. It is &air"y sim+"e to +rodu!e. 1* In a beaker$ disso"%e about A teas+oons o& ammonium nitrate in .ater. Do not +ut so mu!h ammonium nitrate into the so"ution that some o& it remains undisso"%ed in the bottom o& the beaker. ;* Co""e!t a /uantity o& !h"orine #as in a se!ond beaker by mi9in# hydro!h"ori! a!id .ith +otassium +erman#anate in a "ar#e &"ask .ith a sto++er and #"ass +i+e. >* P"a!e the beaker !ontainin# the !h"orine #as u+side do.n on to+ o& the beaker !ontainin# the ammonium nitrate so"ution$ and ta+e the beakers to#ether. Gent"y heat the bottom beaker. Dhen this is done$ oi"y ye""o. dro+"ets .i"" be#in to &orm on the sur&a!e o& the so"ution$ and sink do.n to the bottom. (t this time$ remo%e the heat sour!e immediate"y. ("ternate"y$ the !h"orine !an be bubb"ed throu#h the ammonium nitrate so"ution$ rather than !o""e!tin# the #as in a beaker$ but this re/uires timin# and a stand to ho"d the beaker and test tube. The !h"orine #as !an a"so be mi9ed .ith anhydrous ammonia #as$ by #ent"y heatin# a &"ask &i""ed .ith !"ear househo"d ammonia. P"a!e the #"ass tubes &rom the !h"orine #eneratin# &"ask and the tube &rom the ammonia #eneratin# &"ask in another &"ask that !ontains .ater. ?* Co""e!t the ye""o. dro+"ets .ith an eyedro++er$ and use them immediate"y$ sin!e nitro#en tri!h"oride de!om+oses in ;? hours. >.?1 02(D (UID2

0ead (zide is a materia" that is o&ten used as a booster !har#e &or other e9+"osi%e$ but it does .e"" enou#h on its o.n as a &air"y sensiti%e

e9+"osi%e. It does not detonate too easi"y by +er!ussion or im+a!t$ but it is easi"y detonated by heat &rom an i#niter .ire$ or a b"astin# !a+. It is sim+"e to +rodu!e$ assumin# that the ne!essary !hemi!a"s !an be +ro!ured. 1y disso"%in# sodium azide and "ead a!etate in .ater in se+arate beakers$ the t.o materia"s are +ut into an a/ueous state. 4i9 the t.o beakers to#ether$ and a++"y a #ent"e heat. (dd an e9!ess o& the "ead a!etate so"ution$ unti" no rea!tion o!!urs$ and the +re!i+itate on the bottom o& the beaker sto+s &ormin#. -i"ter o&& the so"ution$ and .ash the +re!i+itate in hot .ater. The +re!i+itate is "ead azide$ and it must be stored .et &or sa&ety. I& "ead a!etate !annot be &ound$ sim+"y a!/uire a!eti! a!id$ and +ut "ead meta" in it. 1"a!k +o.der bu""ets .ork .e"" &or this +ur+ose. >.A OTH2R I2<P0O)I=2)I

The remainin# se!tion !o%ers the other ty+es o& materia"s that !an be used to destroy +ro+erty by &ire. ("thou#h none o& the materia"s +resented here are e9+"osi%es$ they sti"" +rodu!e e9+"osi%e sty"e resu"ts. >.A1 TH2R4IT

Thermit is a &ue" o9odizer mi9ture that is used to #enerate tremendous amounts o& heat. It .as not +resented in se!tion >.;> be!ause it does not rea!t near"y as readi"y. It is a mi9ture o& iron o9ide and a"uminum$ both &ine"y +o.dered. Dhen it is i#nited$ the a"uminum burns$ and e9tra!ts the o9y#en &rom the iron o9ide. This is rea""y t.o %ery e9othermi! rea!tions that +rodu!e a !ombined tem+erature o& about ;;00 de#rees C. This is ha"& the heat +rodu!ed by an atomi! .ea+on. It is di&&i!u"t to i#nite$ ho.e%er$ but .hen it is i#nited$ it is one o& the most e&&e!ti%e &irestarters around. 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: +o.dered a"uminum '10 #* +o.dered iron o9ide '10 #* 1* There is no s+e!ia" +ro!edure or e/ui+ment re/uired to make thermit. )im+"y mi9 the t.o +o.ders to#ether$ and try to make the mi9ture as homo#enous as +ossib"e. The ratio o& iron o9ide to a"uminum is A0Q @ A0Q by .ei#ht$ and be made in #reater or "esser amounts. ;* I#nition o& thermite !an be a!!om+"ished by addin# a sma"" amount o& +otassium !h"orate to the thermit$ and +ourin# a &e. dro+s o& su"&uri! a!id on it. This method and others .i"" be dis!ussed "ater in se!tion ?.>>. The other method o& i#nitin# thermit is .ith a ma#nesium stri+. -ina""y$ by usin# !ommon s+ark"er ty+e &ire.orks +"a!ed in the thermit$ the mi9ture !an be i#nited. >.A; 4O0OTO= COCJT(I0)

-irst used by Russians a#ainst German tanks$ the 4o"oto% !o!ktai" is no. e9!"usi%e"y used by terrorists .or"d.ide. They are e9treme"y sim+"e to make$ and !an +rodu!e de%astatin# resu"ts. 1y takin# any hi#h"y &"ammab"e materia"$ su!h as #aso"ine$ diese" &ue"$ kerosene$ ethy" or methy" a"!oho"$ "i#hter &"uid$

tur+entine$ or any mi9ture o& the abo%e$ and +uttin# it into a "ar#e #"ass bott"e$ anyone !an make an e&&e!ti%e &irebomb. (&ter +uttin# the &"ammab"e "i/uid in the bott"e$ sim+"y +ut a +ie!e o& !"oth that is soaked in the "i/uid in the to+ o& the bott"e so that it &its ti#ht"y. Then$ .ra+ some o& the !"oth around the ne!k and tie it$ but be sure to "ea%e a &e. in!hes o& "ose !"oth to "i#ht. 0i#ht the e9+osed !"oth$ and thro. the bott"e. I& the burnin# !"oth does not #o out$ and i& the bott"e breaks on im+a!t$ the !ontents o& the bott"e .i"" s+atter o%er a "ar#e area near the site o& im+a!t$ and burst into &"ame. -"ammab"e mi9tures su!h as kerosene and motor oi" shou"d be mi9ed .ith a more %o"ati"e and &"ammab"e "i/uid$ su!h as #aso"ine$ to insure i#nition. ( mi9ture su!h as tar or #rease and #aso"ine .i"" sti!k to the sur&a!e that it strikes$ and burn hotter$ and be more di&&i!u"t to e9tin#uish. ( mi9ture su!h as this must be shaken .e"" be&ore it is "it and thro.n >.A> CH24IC(0 -IR2 1OTT02

The !hemi!a" &ire bott"e is rea""y an ad%an!ed mo"oto% !o!ktai". Rather than usin# the burnin# !"oth to i#nite the &"ammab"e "i/uid$ .hi!h has at best a &air !han!e o& i#nitin# the "i/uid$ the !hemi!a" &ire bott"e uti"izes the %ery hot and %io"ent rea!tion bet.een su"&uri! a!id and +otassium !h"orate. Dhen the !ontainer breaks$ the su"&uri! a!id in the mi9ture o& #aso"ine s+rays onto the +a+er soaked in +otassium !h"orate and su#ar. The +a+er$ .hen stru!k by the a!id$ instant"y bursts into a .hite &"ame$ i#nitin# the #aso"ine. The !han!e&ai"ure to i#nite the #aso"ine is "ess than ;Q$ and !an be redu!ed to 0Q$ i& there is enou#h +otassium !h"orate and su#ar to s+are. 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: +otassium !h"orate '; teas+oons* su#ar '; teas+oons* !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id '? oz.* #aso"ine 'G oz.* 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: #"ass bott"e '1; oz.* !a+ &or bott"e$ .ith +"asti! inside !ookin# +an .ith raised ed#es +a+er to.e"s #"ass or +"asti! !u+ and s+oon 1* Test the !a+ o& the bott"e .ith a &e. dro+s o& su"&uri! a!id to make sure that the a!id .i"" not eat a.ay the bott"e !a+ durin# stora#e. I& the a!id eats throu#h it in ;? hours$ a ne. to+ must be &ound and tested$ unti" a !a+ that the a!id does not eat throu#h is &ound. ( #"ass to+ is e9!e""ent. ;* Care&u""y +our G oz. o& #aso"ine into the #"ass bott"e. >* Care&u""y +our ? oz. o& !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id into the #"ass bott"e. Di+e u+ any s+i""s o& a!id on the sides o& the bott"e$ and s!re. the !a+ on the bott"e. Dash the bott"e,s outside .ith +"enty o& .ater. )et it aside to dry. ?* Put about t.o teas+oons o& +otassium !h"orate and about t.o teas+oons o& su#ar into the #"ass or +"asti! !u+. (dd about 1@; !u+ o& boi"in# .ater$ or enou#h to disso"%e a"" o& the +otassium !h"orate and su#ar.

A* P"a!e a sheet o& +a+er to.e" in the !ookin# +an .ith raised ed#es. -o"d the +a+er to.e" in ha"&$ and +our the so"ution o& disso"%ed +otassium !h"orate and su#ar on it unti" it is thorou#h"y .et. (""o. the to.e" to dry. B* Dhen it is dry$ +ut some #"ue on the outside o& the #"ass bott"e !ontainin# the #aso"ine and su"&uri! a!id mi9ture. Dra+ the +a+er to.e" around the bott"e$ makin# sure that it sti!ks to it in a"" +"a!es. )tore the bott"e in a +"a!e .here it .i"" not be broken or ti++ed o%er. F* Dhen &inished$ the so"ution in the bott"e shou"d a++ear as t.o distin!t "i/uids$ a dark bro.nish red so"ution on the bottom$ and a !"ear so"ution on to+. The t.o so"utions .i"" not mi9. To use the !hemi!a" &ire bott"e$ sim+"y thro. it at any hard sur&a!e. G* N2=2R OP2N TH2 1OTT02$ )INC2 )O42 )U0-URIC (CID 4IGHT 12 ON TH2 C(P$ DHICH COU0D TRICJ02 DODN TH2 )ID2 O- TH2 1OTT02 (ND IGNIT2 TH2 POT())IU4 CH0OR(T2$ C(U)ING ( -IR2 (ND@OR 2<P0O)ION. H* To test the de%i!e$ tear a sma"" +ie!e o& the +a+er to.e" o&& the bott"e$ and +ut a &e. dro+s o& su"&uri! a!id on it. The +a+er to.e" shou"d immediate"y burst into a .hite &"ame. >.A? 1OTT02D G() 2<P0O)I=2)

1ott"ed #as$ su!h as butane &or re&i""in# "i#hters$ +ro+ane &or +ro+ane sto%es or &or bunsen burners$ !an be used to +rodu!e a +o.er&u" e9+"osion. To make su!h a de%i!e$ a"" that a sim+"e minded anar!hist .ou"d ha%e to do .ou"d be to take his !ontainer o& bott"ed #as and +"a!e it abo%e a !an o& )terno or other #e"atinized &ue"$ and "i#ht the &ue" and run. De+endin# on the &ue" used$ and on the thi!kness o& the &ue" !ontainer$ the "i/uid #as .i"" boi" and e9+and to the +oint o& burstin# the !ontainer in about &i%e minutes. In theory$ the #as .ou"d immediate"y be i#nited by the burnin# #e"atinized &ue"$ +rodu!in# a "ar#e &ireba"" and e9+"osion. Un&ortunate"y$ the burstin# o& the bott"ed #as !ontainer o&ten +uts out the &ue"$ thus +re%entin# the e9+andin# #as &rom i#nitin#. 1y usin# a meta" bu!ket ha"& &i""ed .ith #aso"ine$ ho.e%er$ the !han!es o& i#nition are better$ sin!e the #aso"ine is "ess "ike"y to be e9tin#uished. P"a!in# the !anister o& bott"ed #as on a bed o& burnin# !har!oa" soaked in #aso"ine .ou"d +robab"y be the most e&&e!ti%e .ay o& se!urin# i#nition o& the e9+andin# #as$ sin!e a"thou#h the burstin# o& the #as !ontainer may b"o. out the &"ame o& the #aso"ine$ the burnin# !har!oa" shou"d immediate"y re i#nite it. Nitrous o9ide$ hydro#en$ +ro+ane$ a!ety"ene$ or any other &"ammab"e #as .i"" do ni!e"y. ?.0 U)ING 2<P0O)I=2)

On!e a terrorist has made his e9+"osi%es$ the ne9t "o#i!a" ste+ is to a++"y them. 29+"osi%es ha%e a .ide ran#e o& uses$ &rom harassment$ to %anda"ism$ to murder. NON2 O- TH2 ID2() PR2)2NT2D H2R2 (R2 2=2R TO 12 C(RRI2D OUT$ 2ITH2R IN P(RT OR IN -U005 DOING )O C(N 02(D TO PRO)2CUTION$ -IN2)$ (ND I4PRI)ON42NT5 The &irst ste+ that a +erson that .ou"d use e9+"osi%e .ou"d take .ou"d be to determine ho. bi# an e9+"osi%e de%i!e .ou"d be needed to do .hate%er had to be done. Then$ he .ou"d ha%e to de!ide .hat to make his bomb .ith. He .ou"d a"so ha%e to de!ide on ho. he .anted to detonate the de%i!e$ and determine .here the best +"a!ement &or it .ou"d be. Then$ it .ou"d be ne!essary to see i& the de%i!e !ou"d be +ut .here he .anted it .ithout it bein# dis!o%ered or mo%ed. -ina""y$ he .ou"d a!tua""y ha%e to sit do.n and bui"d his e9+"osi%e de%i!e. These are some o& the to+i!s !o%ered in the ne9t se!tion.

?.1

)(-2T3

There is no su!h thin# as a Isa&eI e9+"osi%e de%i!e. One !an on"y s+eak in terms o& re"ati%e sa&ety$ or "ess unsa&e. ?.; IGNITION D2=IC2)

There are many .ays to i#nite e9+"osi%e de%i!es. There is the !"assi! I"i#ht the &use$ thro. the bomb$ and runI a++roa!h$ and there are sensiti%e mer!ury s.it!hes$ and many thin#s in bet.een. Genera""y$ e"e!tri!a" detonation systems are sa&er than &uses$ but there are times .hen &uses are more a++ro+riate than e"e!tri!a" systems8 it is di&&i!u"t to !arry an e"e!tri!a" detonation system into a stadium$ &or instan!e$ .ithout bein# !au#ht. ( de%i!e .ith a &use or im+a!t detonatin# &use .ou"d be easier to hide. ?.;1 -U)2 IGNITION

The o"dest &orm o& e9+"osi%e i#nition$ &uses are +erha+s the &a%orite ty+e o& sim+"e i#nition system. 1y sim+"y +"a!in# a +ie!e o& .ater+roo& &use in a de%i!e$ one !an ha%e a"most #uaranteed i#nition. 4odern .ater+roo& &use is e9treme"y re"iab"e$ burnin# at a rate o& about ;.A se!onds to the in!h. It is a%ai"ab"e as mode" ro!ketry &use in most hobby sho+s$ and !osts about L>.00 &or a nine &oot "en#th. -use is a +o+u"ar i#nition system &or +i+e bombers be!ause o& its sim+"i!ity. ("" that need be done is "i#ht it .ith a mat!h or "i#hter. O& !ourse$ i& the (rmy had &uses "ike this$ then the #renade$ .hi!h uses &use i#nition$ .ou"d be %ery im+ra!ti!"e. I& a #renade i#nition system !an be a!/uired$ by a"" means$ it is the most e&&e!ti%e. 1ut$ sin!e su!h thin#s do not 7ust &"oat around$ the ne9t best thin# is to +re+are a &use system .hi!h does not re/uire the use o& a mat!h or "i#hter$ but sti"" retains its sim+"i!ity. One su!h method is des!ribed be"o.K 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: strike on !o%er ty+e mat!hes e"e!tri!a" ta+e or du!t ta+e .ater+roo& &use 1* To determine the burn rate o& a +arti!u"ar ty+e o& &use$ sim+"y measure a B in!h or "on#er +ie!e o& &use and i#nite it. Dith a sto+.at!h$ +ress the start button the at the instant .hen the &use "i#hts$ and sto+ the .at!h .hen the &use rea!hes its end. Di%ide the time o& burn by the "en#th o& &use$ and you ha%e the burn rate o& the &use$ in se!onds +er in!h. This .i"" be sho.n be"o.K )u++ose an ei#ht in!h +ie!e o& &use is burned$ and its !om+"ete time o& !ombustion is ;0 se!onds. ;0 se!onds :::::::::: W ;.A se!onds +er in!h. G in!hes I& a de"ay o& 10 se!onds .as desired .ith this &use$ di%ide the desired time by the number o& se!onds +er in!hK

10 se!onds ::::::::::::::::::: W ? in!hes ;.A se!onds @ in!h NOT2K TH2 02NGTH O- -U)2 H2R2 42(N) 02NGTH O- -U)2 TO TH2 PODD2R. )O42 -U)2$ (T 02()T (N INCH$ )HOU0D 12 IN)ID2 TH2 D2=IC2. (0D(3) (DD THI) 2<TR( INCH$ (ND PUT THI) 2<TR( INCH (N INCH INTO TH2 D2=IC2555 ;* (&ter de!idin# ho. "on# a de"ay is desired be&ore the e9+"osi%e de%i!e is to #o o&&$ add about 1@; an in!h to the +remeasured amount o& &use$ and !ut it o&&. >* Care&u""y remo%e the !ardboard mat!hes &rom the +a+er mat!h !ase. Do not +u"" o&& indi%idua" mat!hes8 kee+ a"" the mat!hes atta!hed to the !ardboard base. Take one o& the !ardboard mat!h se!tions$ and "ea%e the other one to make a se!ond i#niter. ?* Dra+ the mat!hes around the end o& the &use$ .ith the heads o& the mat!hes tou!hin# the %ery end o& the &use. Ta+e them there se!ure"y$ makin# sure not to +ut ta+e o%er the mat!h heads. 4ake sure they are %ery se!ure by +u""in# on them at the base o& the assemb"y. They shou"d not be ab"e to mo%e. A* Dra+ the !o%er o& the mat!hes around the mat!hes atta!hed to the &use$ makin# sure that the striker +a+er is be"o. the mat!h heads and the striker &a!es the mat!h heads. Ta+e the +a+er so that is &air"y ti#ht around the mat!hes. Do not ta+e the !o%er o& the striker to the &use or to the mat!hes. 0ea%e enou#h o& the mat!h book to +u"" on &or i#nition. ::::::::::::::::::::: O @ O @ mat!h book !o%er O @ M 4M&M4 M mat!h head M (MuM( M M TMsMT M M CMeMC M Mta+eHM&MHta+eM M MuM M MVVVVVMsMVVVVVM strikin# +a+er MVVVVVMeMVVVVVM O M&M @ O MuM @ O MsM @ O MeM @ MtaM&M+eM MtaMuM+eM MsM MeM M&M MuM MsM MeM The mat!h book is .ra++ed around the mat!hes$ and is ta+ed to itse"&. The mat!hes are ta+ed to the &use. The striker .i"" rub a#ainst the mat!heads .hen the mat!h book is +u""ed. B* Dhen ready to use$ sim+"y +u"" on the mat!h +a+er. It shou"d +u"" the strikin# +a+er a!ross the mat!h heads .ith enou#h &ri!tion to "i#ht them.

In turn$ the burnin# mat!heads .i"" "i#ht the &use$ sin!e it ad7a!ent to the burnin# mat!h heads. ?.;; I4P(CT IGNITION

Im+a!t i#nition is an e9!e""ent method o& i#nition &or s+ontaneous terrorist a!ti%ities. The +rob"em .ith an im+a!t detonatin# de%i!e is that it must be ke+t in a %ery sa&e !ontainer so that it .i"" not e9+"ode .hi"e bein# trans+orted to the +"a!e .here it is to be used. This !an be done by ha%in# a remo%ab"e im+a!t initiator. The best and most re"iab"e im+a!t initiator is one that uses &a!tory made initiators or +rimers. ( no. 11 !a+ &or b"a!k +o.der &irearms is one su!h +rimer. They usua""y !ome in bo9es o& 100$ and !ost about L;.A0. To use su!h a !a+$ ho.e%er$ one needs a ni++"e that it .i"" &it on. 1"a!k +o.der ni++"es are a"so a%ai"ab"e in #un stores. ("" that a +erson has to do is ask &or a +a!ka#e o& ni++"es and the !a+s that &it them. Ni++"es ha%e a ho"e that #oes a"" the .ay throu#h them$ and they ha%e a threaded end$ and an end to +ut the !a+ on. ( !uta.ay o& a ni++"e is sho.n be"o.K :::::::::::::::: M M : M MM M :::::::M MNNNNNNNNM M M :::::::::::M M M M M no. 11 M:::::::M M +er!ussion ::::::: M threads &or s!re.in# !a+ here M M M ni++"e onto bomb M M::::::::::: M M::::::: M M M MNNNNNNNM M M:M M M M:::::::::::::::M

Dhen makin# usin# this ty+e o& initiator$ a ho"e must be dri""ed into .hate%er !ontainer is used to make the bomb out o&. The ni++"e is then s!re.ed into the ho"e so that it &its ti#ht"y. Then$ the !a+ !an be !arried and +"a!ed on the bomb .hen it is to be thro.n. The !a+ shou"d be bent a sma"" amount be&ore it is +"a!ed on the ni++"e$ to make sure that it stays in +"a!e. The on"y other +rob"em in%o"%ed .ith an im+a!t detonatin# bomb is that it must strike a hard sur&a!e on the ni++"e to set it o&&. 1y atta!hin# &ins or a sma"" +ara!hute on the end o& the bomb o++osite the +rimer$ the bomb$ .hen thro.n$ shou"d strike the #round on the +rimer$ and e9+"ode. O& !ourse$ a bomb .ith mer!ury &u"minate in ea!h end .i"" #o o&& on im+a!t re#ard"ess o& .hi!h end it strikes on$ but mer!ury &u"minate is a"so "ike"y to #o o&& i& the +erson !arryin# the bomb is bum+ed hard. ?.;> 202CTRIC(0 IGNITION

2"e!tri!a" i#nition systems &or detonation are usua""y the sa&est and most re"iab"e &orm o& i#nition. 2"e!tri!a" systems are idea" &or demo"ition .ork$ i& one doesn,t ha%e to .orry so mu!h about bein# !au#ht. Dith t.o s+oo"s o& A00 &t o& .ire and a !ar battery$ one !an detonate e9+"osi%es &rom a Isa&eI$ !om&ortab"e distan!e$ and be sure that there is nobody around that !ou"d #et hurt. Dith an e"e!tri!a" system$ one !an !ontro" e9a!t"y .hat time a de%i!e

.i"" e9+"ode$ .ithin &ra!tions o& a se!ond. Detonation !an be aborted in "ess than a se!ond,s .arnin#$ i& a +erson sudden"y .a"ks by the detonation si#ht$ or i& a +o"i!e !ar !hooses to ro"" by at the time. The t.o best e"e!tri!a" i#niters are mi"itary s/uibs and mode" ro!ketry i#niters. 1"astin# !a+s &or !onstru!tion a"so .ork .e"". 4ode" ro!ketry i#niters are so"d in +a!ka#es o& si9$ and !ost about L1.00 +er +a!k. ("" that need be done to use them is !onne!t it to t.o .ires and run a !urrent throu#h them. 4i"itary s/uibs are di&&i!u"t to #et$ but they are a "itt"e bit better$ sin!e they e9+"ode .hen a !urrent is run throu#h them$ .hereas ro!ketry i#niters on"y burst into &"ame. 4i"itary s/uibs !an be used to set o&& sensiti%e hi#h e9+"osi%es$ su!h as R.D.<.$ or +otassium !h"orate mi9ed .ith +etro"eum 7e""y. I#niters !an be used to set o&& b"a!k +o.der$ mer!ury &u"minate$ or #un!otton$ .hi!h in turn$ !an set o& a hi#h order e9+"osi%e. ?.;? 202CTRO 42CH(NIC(0 IGNITION

2"e!tro me!hani!a" i#nition systems are systems that use some ty+e o& me!hani!a" s.it!h to set o&& an e9+"osi%e !har#e e"e!tri!a""y. This ty+e o& s.it!h is ty+i!a""y used in booby tra+s or other de%i!es in .hi!h the +erson .ho +"a!es the bomb does not .ish to be any.here near the de%i!e .hen it e9+"odes. )e%era" ty+es o& e"e!tro me!hani!a" detonators .i"" be dis!ussed ?.;?1 4er!ury ).it!hes

4er!ury s.it!hes are a s.it!h that uses the &a!t that mer!ury meta" !ondu!ts e"e!tri!ity$ as do a"" meta"s$ but mer!ury meta" is a "i/uid at room tem+eratures. ( ty+i!a" mer!ury s.it!h is a sea"ed #"ass tube .ith t.o e"e!trodes and a bead o& mer!ury meta". It is sea"ed be!ause o& mer!ury,s nasty habit o& #i%in# o&& brain dama#in# %a+ors. The dia#ram be"o. may he"+ to e9+"ain a mer!ury s.it!h. ( @ O 1 :::::.ire E::::::@::::::::::: O ' H# * M @ O :':H#:*::M:::@ M M .ire M M M O

Dhen the dro+ o& mer!ury 'IH#I is mer!ury,s atomi! symbo"* tou!hes both !onta!ts$ !urrent &"o.s throu#h the s.it!h. I& this +arti!u"ar s.it!h .as in its +resent +osition$ ( 1$ !urrent .ou"d be &"o.in#$ sin!e the mer!ury !an tou!h both !onta!ts in the horizonta" +osition. I&$ ho.e%er$ it .as in the M +osition$ the dro+ o& mer!ury .ou"d on"y tou!h the E !onta!t on the ( side. Current$ then !ou"d not &"o.$ sin!e the mer!ury does not rea!h both !onta!ts .hen the s.it!h is in the %erti!"e +osition. This ty+e o& s.it!h is idea" to +"a!e by a door. I& it .ere +"a!ed in the +ath o& a s.in#in# door in the %erti!"e +osition$ the motion o& the door .ou"d kno!k the s.it!h do.n$ i& it .as he"d to the #round by a +ie!e i& ta+e. This .ou"d ti"t the s.it!h into the %erti!"e +osition$ !ausin# the mer!ury to tou!h both !onta!ts$ a""o.in# !urrent to &"o. throu#h the mer!ury$ and to the i#niter or s/uib in an e9+"osi%e de%i!e. Ima#ine o+enin# a door and ha%in# it s"ammed in your &a!e by an e9+"osion.

?.;?;

Tri+.ire ).it!hes

( tri+.ire is an e"ement o& the !"assi! booby tra+. 1y +"a!in# a near"y in%isib"e "ine o& strin# or &ishin# "ine in the +robab"e +ath o& a %i!tim$ and by +uttin# some ty+e o& tra+ there a"so$ nasty thin#s !an be !aused to o!!ur. I& this mode o& thou#ht is a++"ied to e9+"osi%es$ ho. .ou"d one use su!h a tri+.ire to detonate a bomb. The te!hni/ue is sim+"e. 1y .ra++in# the ti+s o& a standard !"othes+in .ith a"uminum &oi"$ and +"a!in# somethin# bet.een them$ and !onne!tin# .ires to ea!h a"uminum &oi" !onta!t$ an e"e!tri! tri+.ire !an be made$ I& a +ie!e o& .ood atta!hed to the tri+.ire .as +"a!ed bet.een the !onta!ts on the !"othes+in$ the !"othes+in .ou"d ser%e as a s.it!h. Dhen the tri+.ire .as +u""ed$ the !"othes+in .ou"d sna+ to#ether$ a""o.in# !urrent to &"o. bet.een the t.o +ie!es o& a"uminum &oi"$ thereby !om+"etin# a !ir!uit$ .hi!h .ou"d ha%e the i#niter or s/uib in it. Current .ou"d &"o. bet.een the !onta!ts to the i#niter or s/uib$ heat the i#niter or s/uib$ !ausin# it to e9+"ode. :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: O:&oi":::::::::::::::::::::::::::@ Insert stri+ o& s+rin# .ood .ith tri+ :&oi":::::::::::::::::::::::::: .ire bet.een &oi" @:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::O !onta!ts. 4ake sure that the a"uminum &oi" !onta!ts do not tou!h the s+rin#$ sin!e the s+rin# a"so !ondu!ts e"e!tri!ity. ?.;?> Radio Contro" Detonators

In the mo%ies$ e%ery terrorist or !rimina" uses a radio !ontro""ed detonator to set o&& e9+"osi%es. Dith a #ood radio detonator$ one !an be se%era" mi"es a.ay &rom the de%i!e$ and sti"" !ontro" e9a!t"y .hen it e9+"odes$ in mu!h the same .ay as an e"e!tri!a" s.it!h. The +rob"em .ith radio detonators is that they are rather !ost"y. Ho.e%er$ there !ou"d +ossib"y be a reason that a terrorist .ou"d .ish to s+end the amounts o& money in%o"%ed .ith a RC 'radio !ontro"* system and use it as a detonator. I& su!h an indi%idua" .anted to de%ise an RC detonator$ a"" he .ou"d need to do is %isit the "o!a" hobby store or toy store$ and buy a radio !ontro""ed toy. Takin# it ba!k to his@her abode$ a"" that he@she .ou"d ha%e to do is deta!h the so"enoid@motor that !ontro"s the motion o& the &ront .hee"s o& a RC !ar$ or deta!h the so"enoid@motor o& the e"e%ators@rudder o& a RC +"ane$ or the rudder o& a RC boat$ and re !onne!t the s/uib or ro!ket en#ine i#niter to the !onta!ts &or the so"enoid@motor. The de%i!e shou"d be tested se%era" times .ith s/uibs or i#niters$ and &u""y !har#ed batteries shou"d be in both he !ontro""er and the re!ei%er 'the +art that used to mo%e +arts be&ore the de%i!e be!ame a detonator*. ?.> D20(3)

( de"ay is a de%i!e .hi!h !auses time to +ass &rom .hen a de%i!e is set u+ to the time that it e9+"odes. ( re#u"ar &use is a de"ay$ but it .ou"d !ost /uite a bit to ha%e a ;? hour de"ay .ith a &use. This se!tion dea"s .ith the di&&erent ty+es o& de"ays that !an be em+"oyed by a terrorist .ho .ishes to be sure that his bomb .i"" #o o&&$ but .ants to be out o& the !ountry .hen it does. ?.>1 -U)2 D20(3)

It is e9treme"y sim+"e to de"ay e9+"osi%e de%i!es that em+"oy &uses &or i#nition. Perha+s the sim+"est .ay to do so is .ith a !i#arette. (n a%era#e !i#arette burns &or about G minutes. The hi#her the ItarI and ni!otine ratin#$ the s"o.er the !i#arette burns. 0o. ItarI and ni!otine !i#arettes burn /ui!ker than the hi#her ItarI and ni!otine !i#arettes$ but they are a"so "ess "ike"y to #o out i& "e&t unattended$ i.e. not smoked. De+endin# on the .ind or dra&t in a #i%en +"a!e$ a hi#h ItarI !i#arette is better &or de"ayin# the i#nition o& a &use$ but there must be enou#h .ind or dra&t to #i%e the !i#arette enou#h o9y#en to burn. Peo+"e .ho use !i#arettes &or the +ur+ose o& de"ayin# &uses .i"" o&ten test the !i#arettes that they +"an to use in ad%an!e to make sure they stay "it$ and to see ho. "on# it .i"" burn. On!e a !i#arettes burn rate is determined$ it is a sim+"e matter o& !are&u""y +uttin# a ho"e a"" the .ay throu#h a !i#arette .ith a tooth+i!k at the +oint desired$ and +ushin# the &use &or a de%i!e in the ho"e &ormed. MWM MWM MWM MM MM MoM !i#arette MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM M:M MM

&i"ter

ho"e &or &use

"i#ht this end

( simi"ar ty+e o& de%i!e !an be make &rom +o.dered !har!oa" and a sheet o& +a+er. )im+"y ro"" the sheet o& +a+er into a thin tube$ and &i"" it .ith +o.dered !har!oa". Pun!h a ho"e in it at the desired "o!ation$ and insert a &use. 1oth ends must be #"ued !"osed$ and one end o& the de"ay must be doused .ith "i#hter &"uid be&ore it is "it. Or$ a sma"" !har#e o& #un+o.der mi9ed .ith +o.dered !har!oa" !ou"d !on!ei%ab"y used &or i#nitin# su!h a de"ay. ( !hain o& !har!oa" bri/uettes !an be used to de"ay a &use by mere"y "inin# u+ a &e. bri!ks o& !har!oa" so that they tou!h ea!h other$ end on end$ and "i#htin# the &irst bri!k. In!ense$ .hi!h !an be +ur!hased at a"most any no%e"ty or +arty su++"y store$ !an a"so be used as a &air"y re"iab"e de"ay. 1y .ra++in# the &use about the end o& an in!ense sti!k$ de"ays o& u+ to 1@; an hour are +ossib"e. -ina""y$ it is +ossib"e to make a re"ati%e"y s"o. burnin# &use in the home. 1y disso"%in# about one teas+oon o& b"a!k +o.der in about 1@? a !u+ o& boi"in# .ater$ and$ .hi"e it is sti"" hot$ soakin# in it a "on# +ie!e o& a"" !otton strin#$ a s"o. burnin# &use !an be made. (&ter the soaked strin# dries$ it must then be tied to the &use o& an e9+"osi%e de%i!e. )ometimes$ the end o& the s"o. burnin# &use that meets the norma" &use has a !har#e o& b"a!k +o.der or #un+o.der at the interse!tion +oint to insure i#nition$ sin!e the s"o. burnin# &use does not burn at a %ery hi#h tem+erature. ( simi"ar ty+e o& s"o. &use !an be made by takin# the abo%e mi9ture o& boi"in# .ater and b"a!k +o.der and +ourin# it on a "on# +ie!e o& toi"et +a+er. The .et toi"et +a+er is then #ent"y t.isted u+ so that it resemb"es a &ire!ra!ker &use$ and is a""o.ed to dry. ?.>; TI42R D20(3)

Timer de"ays$ or Itime bombsI are usua""y em+"oyed by an indi%idua" .ho .ishes to threaten a +"a!e .ith a bomb and demand money to re%ea" its "o!ation and means to disarm it. )u!h a de%i!e !ou"d be +"a!ed in any +o+u"ated +"a!e i& it .ere !on!ea"ed +ro+er"y. There are se%era" .ays to bui"d a timer de"ay. 1y sim+"y usin# a s!re. as one !onta!t at the time that detonation is desired$ and usin# the hour hand o& a !"o!k as the other !onta!t$ a sim+"e timer !an be made. The minute hand o& a !"o!k shou"d be remo%ed$ un"ess a de"ay o& "ess than an hour is desired. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: to i#niter &rom i#niter M M M 1; M K K M 11 1 M K K M M K K M 10 ; M K K M o................M......K K M M K M H > M K M M K M M K M G ? M K M o.........M...... K M F A M K K M B M K.E..... .....K M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M ::M:::::M M M M battery M o !onta!ts M M ..... .ire M M M:::::::::::M This de%i!e is set to #o o&& in e"e%en hours. Dhen the hour hand o& the !"o!k rea!hes the !onta!t near the numera" A$ it .i"" !om+"ete the !ir!uit$ a""o.in# !urrent to &"o. throu#h the i#niter or s/uib. The main disad%anta#e .ith this ty+e o& timer is that it !an on"y be set &or a ma9imum time o& 1; hours. I& an e"e!troni! timer is used$ su!h as that in an e"e!troni! !"o!k$ then de"ays o& u+ to ;? hours are +ossib"e. 1y remo%in# the s+eaker &rom an e"e!troni! !"o!k$ and atta!hin# the .ires o& a s/uib or i#niter to them$ a timer .ith a de"ay o& u+ to ;? hours !an be made. To uti"ize this ty+e o& timer$ one must ha%e a so!ket that the !"o!k !an be +"u##ed into. ("" that one has to do is set the a"arm time o& the !"o!k to the desired time$ !onne!t the "eads$ and #o a.ay. This !ou"d a"so be done .ith an e"e!troni! .at!h$ i& a "ar#er battery .ere used$ and the !urrent to the s+eaker o& the .at!h .as ste++ed u+ %ia a trans&ormer. This .ou"d be #ood$ sin!e su!h a timer !ou"d be e9treme"y sma"". The timer in a =CR '=ideo Cassette Re!order* .ou"d be idea". =CR,s !an usua""y be set &or times o& u+ to a .eek. The "eads &rom the timer to the re!ordin# e/ui+ment .ou"d be the ones that an i#niter or s/uib .ou"d be !onne!ted to. ("so$ one !an buy timers &rom e"e!troni!s stores that .ou"d be idea". -ina""y$ one !ou"d em+"oy a di#ita" .at!h$ and use a re"ay$ or e"e!tro ma#neti! s.it!h to &ire the i#niter$ and the !urrent o& the .at!h .ou"d not ha%e to be ste++ed u+. ?.>> CH24IC(0 D20(3)

Chemi!a" de"ays are un!ommon$ but they !an be e9treme"y e&&e!ti%e in some !ases. I& a #"ass !ontainer is &i""ed .ith !on!entrated su"&uri! a!id$ and !a++ed .ith se%era" thi!knesses o& a"uminum &oi"$ or a !a+ that it .i"" eat throu#h$ then it !an be used as a de"ay. )u"&uri! a!id .i"" rea!t .ith a"uminum

&oi" to +rodu!e a"uminum su"&ate and hydro#en #as$ and so the !ontainer must be o+en to the air on one end so that the +ressure o& the hydro#en #as that is &ormin# does not break the !ontainer. MM MM MM MM MM MM M M:::::::::::::M M MM MM M M su"&uri! M M MM MM M M a!id MM MM MM a"uminum &oi" M M:::::::::::::M M 'se%era" thi!knesses* M:::::::::::::::::M The a"uminum &oi" is +"a!ed o%er the bottom o& the !ontainer and se!ured there .ith ta+e. Dhen the a!id eats throu#h the a"uminum &oi"$ it !an be used to i#nite an e9+"osi%e de%i!e in se%era" .ays. 1* )u"&uri! a!id is a #ood !ondu!tor o& e"e!tri!ity. I& the a!id that eats throu#h the &oi" is !o""e!ted in a #"ass !ontainer +"a!ed underneath the &oi"$ and t.o .ires are +"a!ed in the #"ass !ontainer$ a !urrent .i"" be ab"e to &"o. throu#h the a!id .hen both o& the .ires are immersed in the a!id. ;* )u"&uri! a!id rea!ts %ery %io"ent"y .ith +otassium !h"orate. I& the a!id dri+s do.n into a !ontainer !ontainin# +otassium !h"orate$ the +otassium !h"orate .i"" burst into &"ame. This &"ame !an be used to i#nite a &use$ or the +otassium !h"orate !an be the i#niter &or a thermit bomb$ i& some +otassium !h"orate is mi9ed in a A0@A0 ratio .ith the thermit$ and this mi9ture is used as an i#niter &or the rest o& the thermit. >* )u"&uri! a!id rea!ts .ith +otassium +erman#enate in a simi"ar .ay. ?.? 2<P0O)I=2 CONT(IN2R)

This se!tion .i"" !o%er e%erythin# &rom makin# a sim+"e &ire!ra!ker to a !om+"i!ated s!heme &or detonatin# an insensiti%e hi#h e9+"osi%e$ both o& .hi!h are methods that !ou"d be uti"ized by +er+etrators o& terror. ?.?1 P(P2R CONT(IN2R)

Pa+er .as the &irst !ontainer e%er used &or e9+"osi%es$ sin!e it .as &irst used by the Chinese to make &ire.orks. Pa+er !ontainers are usua""y %ery sim+"e to make$ and are !ertain"y the !hea+est. There are many +ossib"e uses &or +a+er in !ontainin# e9+"osi%es$ and the t.o most ob%ious are in &ire!ra!kers and ro!ket en#ines. )im+"y by ro""in# u+ a "on# sheet o& +a+er$ and #"uin# it to#ether$ one !an make a sim+"e ro!ket en#ine. Perha+s a more interestin# and dan#erous use is in the &ire!ra!ker. The &ire!ra!ker sho.n here is one o& 4e9i!an desi#n. It is !a""ed a I+o"umnaI$ meanin# Ido%eI. The +ro!ess o& their manu&a!ture is not un"ike that o& makin# a +a+er &ootba"". I& one takes a sheet o& +a+er about 1B in!hes in "en#th by 1.A in!hes .ide$ and &o"d one !orner so that it "ooks "ike thisK ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

M MO M MO M M O M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M:::O and then &o"d it a#ain so that it "ooks "ike thisK ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M @M M @M M @ M M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::@:::M ( +o!ket is &ormed. This +o!ket !an be &i""ed .ith b"a!k +o.der$ +yrode9$ &"ash +o.der$ #un+o.der$ro!ket en#ine +o.der$ or any o& the /ui!k burnin# &ue" o9odizer mi9tures that o!!ur in the &orm o& a &ine +o.der. ( &use is then inserted$ and one !ontinues the trian#u"ar &o"ds$ bein# !are&u" not to s+i"" out any o& the e9+"osi%e. Dhen the +o"umna is &inished$ it shou"d be ta+ed to#ether %ery ti#ht"y$ sin!e this .i"" in!rease the stren#th o& the !ontainer$ and +rodu!e a "ouder and more +o.er&u" e9+"osion .hen it is "it. The &inished +o"umna shou"d "ook "ike a 1@? in!h 1@> in!h thi!k trian#"e$ "ike the one sho.n be"o.K N @O se!ure"y ta+e a"" !orners @ O @ O @ O @ O @ O:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: @:::::::::::::O::@::@::@::@::@::@::@::@::@ ?.?; 42T(0 CONT(IN2R)

&use

The !"assi! +i+e bomb is the best kno.n e9am+"e o& a meta" !ontained e9+"osi%e. Idiot anar!hists take .hite ti++ed mat!hes and !ut o&& the mat!h heads. They +ound one end o& a +i+e !"osed .ith a hammer$ +our in the .hite ti++ed mat!hes$ and then +ound the other end !"osed. This +ro!ess o&ten ki""s the &oo"$ sin!e .hen he +ounds the +i+e !"osed$ he !ou"d %ery easi"y !ause enou#h &ri!tion bet.een the mat!h heads to !ause them to i#nite and e9+"ode the un&inished bomb. 1y usin# +i+e !a+s$ the +ro!ess is some.hat sa&er$ and the "ess stu+id anar!hist .ou"d ne%er use .hite ti++ed mat!hes in a bomb. He .ou"d buy t.o +i+e !a+s and threaded +i+e '&i#. 1*. -irst$ he .ou"d dri"" a ho"e in one +i+e !a+$ and +ut a &use in it so that it .i"" not !ome out$ and so +o.der .i"" not es!a+e durin# hand"in#. The &use .ou"d be at "east >@? an in!h "on# inside the bomb. He .ou"d then s!re. the !a+ .ith the &use in it on ti#ht"y$ +ossib"y +uttin# a dro+ o& su+er #"ue on it to ho"d it ti#ht. He .ou"d then +our his e9+"osi%e +o.der in the bomb. To +a!k it ti#ht"y$ he .ou"d take a "ar#e .ad o& tissue +a+er and$ a&ter &i""in# the +i+e to the %ery to+$ +a!k the +o.der do.n$ by usin# the +a+er as a ramrod ti+$ and +ushin# it .ith a +en!i" or other .ide ended ob7e!t$ unti" it .ou"d not mo%e any &urther. -ina""y$ he .ou"d s!re. the other +i+e !a+ on$ and #"ue it. The tissue +a+er .ou"d he"+ +re%ent some o& the +o.der &rom bein# !au#ht in the threads o& the +i+e or +i+e !a+ &rom bein# !rushed and sub7e!t to &ri!tion$ .hi!h mi#ht i#nite the +o.der$ !ausin# an e9+"osion durin# manu&a!ture. (n assemb"ed bomb is +resented in &i#. ;. ::::::::: M M NNNNNN ::::::::::::::: NNNNNN M M ::::::::::

M M%%%%%M M:::::::::::::::::::::::::M M%%%%%%M M MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: MM MM M M MM M MNNNNNM %%%%%%:::::::::::::::%%%%%% MNNNNNNM M M:::::::M M::::::::M &i# 1. Threaded +i+e and end!a+s.

:::::::: :::::::: M :::::M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M::::: M M M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M M M MK K K K M MM M M tissue M M:M MMKKK M "o. order e9+"osi%e M M +a+er M M M &use M MK K K K M MM M M::::::::M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M M M M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M M M::::::M M::::::M end!a+ +i+e end!a+ .@ ho"e

&i#. ; (ssemb"ed +i+e bomb. This is one +ossib"e desi#n that a mad bomber .ou"d use. I&$ ho.e%er$ he did not ha%e a!!ess to threaded +i+e .ith end!a+s$ he !ou"d a".ays use a +ie!e o& !o++er or a"uminum +i+e$ sin!e it is easi"y bent into a suitab"e +osition. ( ma7or +rob"em .ith !o++er +i+in#$ ho.e%er$ is bendin# and &o"din# it .ithout tearin# it8 i& too mu!h &or!e is used .hen &o"din# and bendin# !o++er +i+e$ it .i"" s+"it a"on# the &o"d. The sa&est method &or makin# a +i+e bomb out o& !o++er or a"uminum +i+e is simi"ar to the method .ith +i+e and end!a+s. -irst$ one &"attens one end o& a !o++er or a"uminum +i+e !are&u""y$ makin# sure not to tear or ri+ the +i+in#. Then$ the &"at end o& the +i+e shou"d be &o"ded o%er at "east on!e$ i& this does not ri+ the +i+e. ( &use ho"e shou"d be dri""ed in the +i+e near the no. !"osed end$ and the &use shou"d be inserted. Ne9t$ the bomb bui"der .ou"d &i"" the bomb .ith a "o. order e9+"osi%e$ and +a!k it .ith a "ar#e .ad o& tissue +a+er. He .ou"d then &"atten and &o"d the other end o& the +i+e .ith a +air o& +"iers. I& he .as not too dumb$ he .ou"d do this s"o."y$ sin!e the +ro!ess o& &o"din# and bendin# meta" #i%es o&& heat$ .hi!h !ou"d set o&& the e9+"osi%e. ( dia#ram is +resented be"o.K ::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::@ M M M o M M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: O:::::::M M M

&i#. 1 +i+e .ith one end &"attened and &use ho"e dri""ed 'to+ %ie.*

:::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::@ M M M M M M oM M M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M M O::M::M &i#. ; +i+e .ith one end &"attened and &o"ded u+ 'to+ %ie.* :::::::::::: &use ho"e M % ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M O M:::: M M O::::M M M ::::::M M @ M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::@:::::::::::::::::: &i#. > +i+e .ith &"attened and &o"ded end 'side %ie.* ::::::::::::::::: &use @ M :::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M::: ::::::: M ::::M @ M M O M::: M M M:::::@tissueM M O:::::M M M:::::::: +a+er M "o. order e9+"osi%e :::::::M O M @ O:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::@ &i#. ? !om+"eted bomb$ sho.in# tissue +a+er +a!kin# and e9+"osi%e 'side %ie.* ( CO; !artrid#e &rom a 1.1 #un is another e9!e""ent !ontainer &or a "o. order e9+"osi%e. It has one minor disad%anta#eK it is time !onsumin# to &i"". 1ut this !an be re!ti&ied by .idenin# the o+enin# o& the !artrid#e .ith a +ointed too". Then$ a"" that .ou"d ha%e to be done is to &i"" the CO; !artrid#e .ith any "o. order e9+"osi%e$ or any o& the &ast burnin# &ue" o9odizer mi9tures$ and insert a &use. These de%i!es are !ommon"y !a""ed I!rater makersI. ( CO; !artrid#e a"so .orks .e"" as a !ontainer &or a thermit in!endiary de%i!e$ but it must be modi&ied. The o+enin# in the end must be .idened$ so that the i#nition mi9ture$ su!h as +o.dered ma#nesium$ does not e9+"ode. The &use .i"" i#nite the +o.dered ma#nesium$ .hi!h$ in turn$ .ou"d i#nite the thermit. The +re%ious"y mentioned desi#ns &or e9+"osi%e de%i!es are &ine &or "o. order e9+"osi%es$ but are unsuitab"e &or hi#h order e9+"osi%es$ sin!e the "atter re/uires a sho!k.a%e to be detonated. ( desi#n em+"oyin# a sma""er "o. order e9+"osi%e de%i!e inside a "ar#er de%i!e !ontainin# a hi#h order e9+"osi%e .ou"d +robab"y be used. It .ou"d "ook somethin# "ikeK ::::::::::::::::::::::: &use M

::::::::: M ::::::::: M ::::M::::::::::::::::::::::::::M:::::::::::M:::: M M M P P P P P P P P P P P P P P PMP P P P P P P M M M M P P P P P P hi#h e9+"osi%e M P P P P P P P M M M M P P P P P P P P P P P P P P PMP P P P P P P M M M M P :::::: :::::::::::::::M: :::::: P M M M M P P M ::M @ M O M:: M P M M M M P M M::::@ "o. e9+"osi%e O::::M M P M M M M P P M::::::: :::::::M P M M M M PPPPP O @ PPPPPM M M M P P P P P P O:::::::::::::::::@ P P P P P M M M M PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPM M M MPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP M M M M PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPM M M M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M M M:::::::M M:::::::M I& the "ar#e hi#h e9+"osi%e !ontainer is sma""$ su!h as a CO; !artrid#e$ then a se#ment o& a ho""o. radio antenna !an be made into a "o. order +i+e bomb$ .hi!h !an be &itted .ith a &use$ and inserted into the CO; !artrid#e. ?.?> G0()) CONT(IN2R)

M M

G"ass !ontainers !an be suitab"e &or "o. order e9+"osi%es$ but there are +rob"ems .ith them. -irst$ a #"ass !ontainer !an be broken re"ati%e"y easi"y !om+ared to meta" or +"asti! !ontainers. )e!ond"y$ in the not too un"ike"y e%ent o& an Ia!!identI$ the +erson makin# the de%i!e .ou"d +robab"y be serious"y in7ured$ e%en i& the de%i!e .as sma"". ( bomb made out o& a sam+"e +er&ume bott"e sized !ontainer e9+"oded in the hands o& one boy$ and he sti"" has +ie!es o& #"ass in his hand. He is a"so missin# the &ina" se#ment o& his rin# &in#er$ .hi!h .as !ut o&& by a shar+ +ie!e o& &"yin# #"ass... Nonethe"ess$ #"ass !ontainers su!h as +er&ume bott"es !an be used by a demented indi%idua"$ sin!e su!h a de%i!e .ou"d not be dete!ted by meta" dete!tors in an air+ort or other +ub"i! +"a!e. ("" that need be done is &i"" the !ontainer$ and dri"" a ho"e in the +"asti! !a+ that the &use &its ti#ht"y in$ and s!re. the !a+ &use assemb"y on. :::::::::::::::::::::::: &use M M M :::::M::::: M :::M::: M M X M Y M dri"" ho"e in !a+$ and insert &use8 M X M Y M be sure &use .i"" not !ome out o& !a+ MX M YM M M M M M M M M M s!re. !a+ on bott"e M M M M = =

::::::::: Y X Y X Y X @ O @ O @ O M M &i"" bott"e .ith "o. order e9+"osi%e M M M M M M M M M:::::::::::M 0ar#e e9+"osi%e de%i!es made &rom #"ass !ontainers are not +ra!ti!"e$ sin!e #"ass is not an e9!e+tiona""y stron# !ontainer. 4u!h o& the e9+"osi%e that is used to &i"" the !ontainer is .asted i& the !ontainer is mu!h "ar#er than a 1B oz. soda bott"e. ("so$ #"ass !ontainers are usua""y unsuitab"e &or hi#h e9+"osi%e de%i!es$ sin!e a #"ass !ontainer .ou"d +robab"y not .ithstand the e9+"osion o& the initiator8 it .ou"d shatter be&ore the hi#h e9+"osi%e .as ab"e to detonate. ?.?? P0()TIC CONT(IN2R)

P"asti! !ontainers are +erha+s the best !ontainers &or e9+"osi%es$ sin!e they !an be any size or sha+e$ and are not &ra#i"e "ike #"ass. P"asti! +i+in# !an be bou#ht at hard.are or +"umbin# stores$ and a de%i!e mu!h "ike the ones used &or meta" !ontainers !an be made. The hi#h order %ersion .orks .e"" .ith +"asti! +i+in#. I& the entire de%i!e is made out o& +"asti!$ it is not dete!tab"e by meta" dete!tors. P"asti! !ontainers !an usua""y be sha+ed by heatin# the !ontainer$ and bendin# it at the a++ro+riate +"a!e. They !an be #"ued !"osed .ith e+o9y or other !ement &or +"asti!s. 2+o9y a"one !an be used as an end!a+$ i& a .ad o& tissue +a+er is +"a!ed in the +i+in#. 2+o9y .ith a dryin# a#ent .orks best in this ty+e o& de%i!e. MM MM MM MM MMO:::::::::::::@MM MM MM MM e+o9y MM MM:::::::::::::::MM MM MM MM tissue MM MM +a+er MM MM:::::::::::::::MM MMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMM MMPP e9+"osi%e PPMM MMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPPPPPP MMPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPMM MMZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZMM MM MM

&use

MM tissue MM MM +a+er MM MM:::::::::::::::MM MM MM MM e+o9y MM MM ::::::::::::: MM MM@ OMM MM MM MM MM One end must be made &irst$ and be a""o.ed to dry !om+"ete"y be&ore the de%i!e !an be &i""ed .ith +o.der and &used. Then$ .ith another +ie!e o& tissue +a+er$ +a!k the +o.der ti#ht"y$ and !o%er it .ith +"enty o& e+o9y. P=C +i+e .orks .e"" &or this ty+e o& de%i!e$ but it !annot be used i& the +i+e had an inside diameter #reater than >@? o& an in!h. Other +"asti! +uttys !an be used int this ty+e o& de%i!e$ but e+o9y .ith a dryin# a#ent .orks best. ?.A (D=(NC2D U)2) -OR 2<P0O)I=2)

The te!hni/ues +resented here are those that !ou"d be used by a +erson .ho had some de#ree o& kno."ed#e o& the use o& e9+"osi%es. )ome o& this in&ormation !omes &rom demo"itions books$ or &rom mi"itary handbooks. (d%an!ed uses &or e9+"osi%es usua""y in%o"%ed sha+ed !har#es$ or uti"ize a minimum amount o& e9+"osi%e to do a ma9imum amount o& dama#e. They a"most a".ays in%o"%e hi#h order e9+"osi%es. ?.A1 )H(P2D CH(RG2)

( sha+ed !har#e is an e9+"osi%e de%i!e that$ u+on detonation$ dire!ts the e9+"osi%e &or!e o& detonation at a sma"" tar#et area. This +ro!ess !an be used to brea!h the stron#est armor$ sin!e &or!es o& "itera""y mi""ions o& +ounds o& +ressure +er s/uare in!h !an be #enerated. )ha+ed !har#es em+"oy hi#h order e9+"osi%es$ and usua""y e"e!tri! i#nition systems. J22P IN 4IND TH(T (00 2<P0O)I=2) (R2 D(NG2ROU)$ (ND )HOU0D N2=2R 12 4(D2 OR U)2D55 (n e9am+"e o& a sha+ed !har#e is sho.n be"o.. E .ire :::::::: ::::::: .ire M M M M M M :::::::::M:::::::::M:::::::::::: M ::::::::M:::::::::M:::::::::: M MM M M MM MM O i#niter @ MM MM O:::::::@ MM M M +rimin# !har#e MM M M 'mer!ury &u"minate* M M MM N MM MM @O MM MM @ O MM MM @ O MM MM @ O MM MM @ O MM MM @ O MM MM @ O MM

: N M M M M M M M M M M M M

G in!hes hi#h

MM @ O MM MM @ hi#h O MM M MM @ e9+"osi%e O M M M MM @ !har#e O MM M MM@ OMM M M M@ OM M M MM N MM M MM @O MM M MM @ O MM M MM @ O MM M MM @ O MM M MM @ O MM M MM @ O MM M MM @ O MM M MM @ O MM M MM @ O MM 1@; in!h M MM @ O MM thi!k stee" M MM @ O MM +i+e M MM@ OMM M M M@ OM M M ho"e &or MM M M ho"e &or M s!re. MM MM s!re. M MM MM =::::::: :::::::::::M M M M::::::::::: :::::::: M::::::M M::::::::::::M M:::::::::::::M M::::::M MY G in!hes XM

I& a de%i!e su!h as this is s!re.ed to a sa&e$ &or e9am+"e$ it .ou"d dire!t most o& the e9+"osi%e &or!e at a +oint about 1 in!h a.ay &rom the o+enin# o& the +i+e. The basis &or sha+ed !har#es is a !one sha+ed o+enin# in the e9+"osi%e materia". This !one shou"d ha%e an an#"e o& ?A de#rees. ( de%i!e su!h as this one !ou"d a"so be atta!hed to a meta" sur&a!e .ith a +o.er&u" e"e!troma#net. ?.A; TU12 2<P0O)I=2)

( %ariation on sha+ed !har#es$ tube e9+"osi%es !an be used in .ays that sha+ed !har#es !annot. I& a +ie!e o& 1@; in!h +"asti! tubin# .as &i""ed .ith a sensiti%e hi#h e9+"osi%e su!h as R.D.<.$ and +re+ared as the +"asti! e9+"osi%e !ontainer in se!tion ?.??$ a di&&erent sort o& sha+ed !har#e !ou"d be +rodu!ed8 a !har#e that dire!ts e9+"osi%e &or!e in a !ir!u"ar manner. This ty+e o& e9+"osi%e !ou"d be .ra++ed around a !o"umn$ or a doorknob$ or a te"e+hone +o"e. The e9+"osion .ou"d be dire!ted in and out$ and most "ike"y destroy .hate%er it .as .ra++ed around. In an unbent state$ a tube e9+"osi%e .ou"d "ook "ike thisK MM MM MM MM MMO::::@MM MM e+o9yMM MM::::::MM MM MM MMtissueMM MM +a+erMM MM::::::MM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM

MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MM RD< MM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MMPPPPPPMM MM :::: MM MM M sM MM MM M /M MM MM M uM MM MM M iM MM MM M bM MM MM M bM MM MM M::M MM MM::MM::MM MMtissueMM MM +a+erMM MM::MM::MM MM MM MM MM e+o9yMM MM MM MM MM :MM: MM MM@ MM OMM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM::::::: E .ire :::::::::::::: M M:::::::: .ire ::::::::::::::

Dhen an assassin or terrorist .ishes to use a tube bomb$ he must .ra+ it around .hate%er thin# he .ishes to destroy$ and e+o9y the ends o& the tube bomb to#ether. (&ter it dries$ he@she !an !onne!t .ires to the s/uib .ires$ and detonate the bomb$ .ith any method o& e"e!tri! detonation. ?.A> (TO4IU2D P(RTIC02 2<P0O)ION)

I& a hi#h"y &"ammab"e substan!e is atomized$ or$ di%ided into %ery sma"" +arti!"es$ and "ar#e amounts o& it is burned in a !on&ined area$ an e9+"osion

simi"ar to that o!!urrin# in the !y"inder o& an automobi"e is +rodu!ed. The tiny dro+"ets o& #aso"ine burn in the air$ and the hot #asses e9+and ra+id"y$ +ushin# the !y"inder u+. )imi"ar"y$ i& a #a""on o& #aso"ine .as atomized and i#nited in a bui"din#$ it is %ery +ossib"e that the e9+andin# #assed .ou"d +ush the .a""s o& the bui"din# do.n. This +henomenon is !a""ed an atomized +arti!"e e9+"osion. I& a +erson !an e&&e!ti%e"y atomize a "ar#e amount o& a hi#h"y &"ammab"e substan!e and i#nite it$ he !ou"d brin# do.n a "ar#e bui"din#$ brid#e$ or other stru!ture. (tomizin# a "ar#e amount o& #aso"ine$ &or e9am+"e$ !an be e9treme"y di&&i!u"t$ un"ess one has the aid o& a hi#h e9+"osi%e. I& a #a""on 7u# o& #aso"ine .as +"a!ed dire!t"y o%er a hi#h e9+"osi%e !har#e$ and the !har#e .as detonated$ the #aso"ine .ou"d instant"y be atomized and i#nited. I& this o!!urred in a bui"din#$ &or e9am+"e$ an atomized +arti!"e e9+"osion .ou"d sure"y o!!ur. On"y a sma"" amount o& hi#h e9+"osi%e .ou"d be ne!essary to a!!om+"ish this &eat$ about 1@; a +ound o& T.N.T.$ or 1@? a +ound o& R.D.<. ("so$ instead o& #aso"ine$ +o.dered a"uminum !ou"d be used. It is ne!essary that a hi#h e9+"osi%e be used to atomize a &"ammab"e materia"$ sin!e a "o. order e9+"osion does not o!!ur /ui!k"y enou#h to atomize or i#nite the &"ammab"e materia". ?.A? 0IGHT1U01 1O41)

(n automati! rea!tion to .a"kin# into a dark room is to turn on the "i#ht. This !an be &ata"$ i& a "i#htbu"b bomb has been +"a!ed in the o%erhead "i#ht so!ket. ( "i#htbu"b bomb is sur+risin#"y easy to make. It a"so !omes .ith its o.n initiator and e"e!tri! i#nition system. On some "i#htbu"bs$ the "i#htbu"b #"ass !an be remo%ed &rom the meta" base by heatin# the base o& a "i#htbu"b in a #as &"ame$ su!h as that o& a b"o.tor!h or #as sto%e. This must be done !are&u""y$ sin!e the inside o& a "i#htbu"b is a %a!uum. Dhen the #"ue #ets hot enou#h$ the #"ass bu"b !an be +u""ed o&& the meta" base. On other bu"bs$ it is ne!essary to heat the #"ass dire!t"y .ith a b"o.tor!h or o9y a!ety"ene tor!h. Dhen the bu"b is red hot$ a ho"e must be !are&u""y +oked in the bu"b$ rememberin# the %a!uum state inside the bu"b. In either !ase$ on!e the bu"b and@or base has !oo"ed do.n to room tem+erature or "o.er$ the bu"b !an be &i""ed .ith an e9+"osi%e materia"$ su!h as b"a!k +o.der. I& the #"ass .as remo%ed &rom the meta" base$ it must be #"ued ba!k on to the base .ith e+o9y. I& a ho"e .as +ut in the bu"b$ a +ie!e o& du!t ta+e is su&&i!ient to ho"d the e9+"osi%e in the in the bu"b. Then$ a&ter makin# sure that the so!ket has no +o.er by !he!kin# .ith a .orkin# "i#htbu"b$ a"" that need be done is to s!re. the "i#htbu"b bomb into the so!ket. )u!h a de%i!e has been used by terrorists or assassins .ith mu!h su!!ess$ sin!e nobody !an sear!h the room &or a bomb .ithout &irst turnin# on the "i#ht. ?.AA 1OOJ 1O41)

Con!ea"in# a bomb !an be e9treme"y di&&i!u"t in a day and a#e .here +er+etrators o& %io"en!e run .i"d. 1a#s and brie&!ases are o&ten sear!hed by authorities .hene%er one enters a +"a!e .here an indi%idua" mi#ht intend to set o&& a bomb. One a++roa!h to dis#uisin# a bomb is to bui"d .hat is !a""ed a book bomb8 an e9+"osi%e de%i!e that is entire"y !ontained inside o& a book. Usua""y$ a re"ati%e"y "ar#e book is re/uired$ and the book must be o& the hardba!k %ariety to hide any +rotrusions o& a bomb. Di!tionaries$ "a. books$ "ar#e te9tbooks$ and other su!h books .ork .e"". Dhen an indi%idua" makes a bookbomb$ he@she must !hoose a ty+e o& book that is a++ro+riate &or the +"a!e .here the book bomb .i"" be +"a!ed. The a!tua" !onstru!tion o& a book bomb !an be done by anyone .ho +ossesses an e"e!tri! dri"" and a !o+in# sa.. -irst$ a"" o& the +a#es o& the book must be #"ued to#ether. 1y +ourin# an entire !ontainer o& .ater so"ub"e #"ue into a "ar#e bu!ket$ and &i""in# the bu!ket .ith boi"in# .ater$ a #"ue .ater so"ution !an be made that .i"" ho"d a"" o& the book,s +a#es to#ether ti#ht"y. (&ter the #"ue .ater so"ution has !oo"ed to a bearab"e tem+erature$ and the so"ution has been stirred .e""$

the +a#es o& the book must be immersed in the #"ue .ater so"ution$ and ea!h +a#e must be thorou#h"y soaked. It is e9treme"y im+ortant that the !o%ers o& the book do not #et stu!k to the +a#es o& the book .hi"e the +a#es are dryin#. )us+endin# the book by both !o%ers and !"am+in# the +a#es to#ether in a %i!e .orks best. Dhen the +a#es dry$ a&ter about three days to a .eek$ a ho"e must be dri""ed into the no. ri#id +a#es$ and they shou"d dri"" out mu!h "ike .ood. Then$ by insertin# the !o+in# sa. b"ade throu#h the +a#es and sa.in# out a re!tan#"e &rom the midd"e o& the book$ the indi%idua" .i"" be "e&t .ith a she"" o& the book,s +a#es. The +a#es$ .hen dri""ed out$ shou"d "ook "ike thisK :::::::::::::::::::::::: M :::::::::::::::::::: M MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM M M::::::::::::::::::M M M::::::::::::::::::::::M 'book !o%ers omitted* This re!tan#"e must be se!ure"y #"ued to the ba!k !o%er o& the book. (&ter bui"din# his@her bomb$ .hi!h usua""y is o& the timer or radio !ontro""ed %ariety$ the bomber +"a!es it inside the book. The bomb itse"&$ and .hate%er timer or detonator is used$ shou"d be +a!ked in &oam to +re%ent it &rom ro""in# or shi&tin# about. -ina""y$ a&ter the timer is set$ or the radio !ontro" has been turned on$ the &ront !o%er is #"ued !"osed$ and the bomb is taken to its destination. ?.AB PHON2 1O41)

The +hone bomb is an e9+"osi%e de%i!e that has been used in the +ast to ki"" or in7ure a s+e!i&i! indi%idua". The basi! idea is sim+"eK .hen the +erson ans.ers the +hone$ the bomb e9+"odes. I& a sma"" but +o.er&u" hi#h e9+"osi%e de%i!e .ith a s/uib .as +"a!ed in the +hone re!ei%er$ .hen the !urrent &"o.ed throu#h the re!ei%er$ the s/uib .ou"d e9+"ode$ detonatin# the hi#h e9+"osi%e in the +erson,s hand. Nasty. ("" that has to be done is a!/uire a s/uib$ and ta+e the re!ei%er s.it!h do.n. Uns!re. the mouth+ie!e !o%er$ and remo%e the s+eaker$ and !onne!t the s/uib,s "eads .here it .as. P"a!e a hi#h e9+"osi%e +utty$ su!h as C 1 'see se!tion >.>1* in the re!ei%er$ and s!re. the !o%er on$ makin# sure that the s/uib is surrounded by the C 1. Han# the +hone u+$ and "ea%e the ta+e in +"a!e. Dhen the indi%idua" to .hom the +hone be"on#s attem+ts to ans.er the +hone$ he .i"" noti!e the ta+e$ and remo%e it. This .i"" a""o. !urrent to &"o. throu#h the s/uib. Note that the de%i!e .i"" not e9+"ode by mere"y makin# a +hone !a""8 the o.ner o& the +hone must "i&t u+ the re!ei%er$ and remo%e the ta+e. It is hi#h"y +robab"e that the +hone .i"" be by his@her ear .hen the de%i!e e9+"odes... A.0 )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR PRO62CTI02 D2(PON)

29+"osi%e and@or +oisoned ammunition is an im+ortant +art o& a so!ia" de%iant,s arsena". )u!h ammunition #i%es the user a distin!t ad%anta#e o%er indi%idua" .ho use norma" ammunition$ sin!e a #razin# hit is #ood enou#h to ki"". )+e!ia" ammunition !an be made &or many ty+es o& .ea+ons$ &rom !rossbo.s to shot#uns. A.1 )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR PRI4ITI=2 D2(PON)

-or the +ur+oses o& this +ub"i!ation$ .e .i"" !a"" any .ea+on +rimiti%e that does not em+"oy burnin# #un+o.der to +ro+e" a +ro7e!ti"e &or.ard. This means b"o.#uns$ bo.s and !rossbo.s$ and .ristro!kets. A.11 1OD (ND CRO))1OD (44UNITION

1o.s and !rossbo.s both &ire arro.s or bo"ts as ammunition. It is e9treme"y sim+"e to +oison an arro. or bo"t$ but it is a more di&&i!u"t matter to +rodu!e e9+"osi%e arro.s or bo"ts. I&$ ho.e%er$ one !an a!/uire a"uminum +i+in# that is the same diameter o& an arro. or !rossbo. bo"t$ the entire se#ment o& +i+in# !an be !on%erted into an e9+"osi%e de%i!e that detonates u+on im+a!t$ or .ith a &use. ("" that need be done is &ind an a"uminum tube o& the ri#ht "en#th and diameter$ and +"u# the ba!k end .ith tissue +a+er and e+o9y. -i"" the tube .ith any ty+e o& "o. order e9+"osi%e or sensiti%e hi#h order e9+"osi%e u+ to about 1@; an in!h &rom the to+. Cut a s"ot in the +ie!e o& tubin#$ and !are&u""y s/ueeze the to+ o& the tube into a round +oint$ makin# sure to "ea%e a sma"" ho"e. P"a!e a no. 11 +er!ussion !a+ o%er the ho"e$ and se!ure it .ith su+er #"ue. -ina""y$ .ra+ the end o& the de%i!e .ith e"e!tri!a" or du!t ta+e$ and make &ins out o& ta+e. Or$ &ins !an be bou#ht at a s+ortin# #oods store$ and #"ued to the sha&t. The &inished +rodu!t shou"d "ook "ikeK ::::: M M MMPMM MPM MPM MPM MPM MPM MPM MPM MeM M9M M+M M"M MoM MsM MiM M%M MeM MPM MPM MPM MPM MPM MPM MPM @M:MO @ MtM O M M+M M M M:M M no. 11 +er!ussion !a+

a"uminum +i+in#

M MeM M M M+M M M MyM M M:M:M:M M:M t+K tissue +a+er e+yK e+o9y

&ins

Dhen the arro. or bo"t strikes a hard sur&a!e$ the +er!ussion !a+ e9+"odes$ i#nitin# or detonatin# the e9+"osi%e. A.1; )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR 10ODGUN)

The b"o.#un is an interestin# .ea+on .hi!h has se%era" ad%anta#es. ( b"o.#un !an be e9treme"y a!!urate$ !on!ea"ab"e$ and de"i%er an e9+"osi%e or +oisoned +ro7e!ti"e. The manu&a!ture o& an e9+"osi%e dart or +ro7e!ti"e is not di&&i!u"t. Perha+s the most sim+"e desi#n &or su!h in%o"%es the use o& a +i"" !a+su"e$ su!h as the kind that are taken &or heada!hes or a""er#ies. )u!h a !a+su"e !ou"d easi"y be o+ened$ and the medi!ine remo%ed. Ne9t$ the !a+su"e .ou"d be re &i""ed .ith an im+a!t sensiti%e e9+"osi%e. (n additiona" hi#h e9+"osi%e !har#e !ou"d be +"a!ed behind the im+a!t sensiti%e e9+"osi%e$ i& one o& the "ar#er !a+su"es .ere used. -ina""y$ the e9+"osi%e !a+su"e .ou"d be re#"ued ba!k to#ether$ and a tasse" or !otton .ou"d be #"ued to the end !ontainin# the hi#h e9+"osi%e$ to insure that the im+a!t detonatin# e9+"osi%e stru!k the tar#et &irst. )u!h a de%i!e .ou"d +robab"y be about >@? o& an in!h "on#$ not in!"udin# the tasse" or !otton$ and "ook somethin# "ike thisK :::::::::::::::::::: @mer!ury M O '&u"minateM R.D.<. * O::::::::M:::::::::::@ A.1>

[ tasse"s

)P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR DRI)TROCJ2T) (ND )0ING)HOT)

( modern .ristro!ket is a &ormidab"e .ea+on. It !an thro. a shooter marb"e about A00 &t. .ith reasonab"e a!!ura!y. Inside o& ;00 &t.$ it !ou"d .e"" be "etha" to a man or anima"$ i& it stru!k in a %ita" area. 1e!ause o& the re"ati%e"y "ar#e sized +ro7e!ti"e that !an be used in a .ristro!ket$ the .ristro!ket !an be ada+ted to thro. re"ati%e"y +o.er&u" e9+"osi%e +ro7e!ti"es. ( sma"" se#ment o& a"uminum +i+e !ou"d be made into an im+a!t detonatin# de%i!e by &i""in# it .ith an im+a!t sensiti%e e9+"osi%e materia". ("so$ su!h a +i+e !ou"d be &i""ed .ith a "o. order e9+"osi%e$ and &itted .ith a &use$ .hi!h .ou"d be "it be&ore the de%i!e .as shot. One .ou"d ha%e to make sure that the &use .as o& su&&i!ient "en#th to insure that the de%i!e did not e9+"ode be&ore it rea!hed its intended tar#et. -ina""y$ .;; !a"iber !a+s$ su!h as the kind that are used in .;; !a"iber b"ank #uns$ make e9!e""ent e9+"odin# ammunition &or .ristro!kets$ but they must be used at a re"ati%e"y !"ose ran#e$ be!ause o& their "i#ht .ei#ht. A.; )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR -IR2(R4)

Dhen s+e!ia" ammunition is used in !ombination .ith the +o.er and ra+idity o& modern &irearms$ it be!omes %ery easy to take on a sma"" army .ith

a sin#"e .ea+on. It is +ossib"e to buy e9+"osi%e ammunition$ but that !an be di&&i!u"t to do. )u!h ammunition !an a"so be manu&a!tured in the home. There is$ ho.e%er$ a risk in%o"%ed .ith modi&yin# any ammunition. I& the ammunition is modi&ied in!orre!t"y$ in su!h a .ay that it makes the bu""et e%en the s"i#htest bit .ider$ an e9+"osion in the barre" o& the .ea+on .i"" o!!ur. -or this reason$ NO1OD3 )HOU0D 2=2R (TT24PT TO 4(NU-(CTUR2 )UCH (44UNITION. A.;1 )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR H(NDGUN)

I& an indi%idua" .ished to +rodu!e e9+"osi%e ammunition &or his@her hand#un$ he@she !ou"d do it$ +ro%ided that the +erson had an im+a!t sensiti%e e9+"osi%e and a &e. sim+"e too"s. One .ou"d &irst +ur!hase a"" "ead bu""ets$ and then make or a!/uire an im+a!t detonatin# e9+"osi%e. 1y dri""in# a ho"e in a "ead bu""et .ith a dri""$ a s+a!e !ou"d be !reated &or the +"a!ement o& an e9+"osi%e. (&ter &i""in# the ho"e .ith an e9+"osi%e$ it .ou"d be sea"ed in the bu""et .ith a dro+ o& hot .a9 &rom a !and"e. ( dia#ram o& a !om+"eted e9+"odin# bu""et is sho.n be"o.. :o: @MPMO M MPM M M M:M M M:::::M dro+ o& .a9 im+a!t sensiti%e e9+"osi%e

This ho""o. s+a!e desi#n a"so .orks &or +uttin# +oison in bu""ets. A.;; )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR )HOTGUN)

1e!ause o& their "ar#e bore and hi#h +o.er$ it is +ossib"e to !reate some e9treme"y +o.er&u" s+e!ia" ammunition &or use in shot#uns. I& a shot#un she"" is o+ened at the to+$ and the shot is remo%ed$ the she"" !an be re !"osed. Then$ i& one !an &ind a %ery smooth$ "i#ht.ei#ht .ooden do.e" that is !"ose to the bore .idth o& the shot#un$ a +erson !an make se%era" ty+es o& shot#un "aun!hed .ea+ons. Insert the do.e" in the barre" o& the shot#un .ith the she"" .ithout the shot in the &irin# !hamber. 4ark the do.e" about si9 in!hes a.ay &rom the end o& the barre"$ and remo%e it &rom the barre". Ne9t$ de!ide .hat ty+e o& e9+"osi%e or in!endiary de%i!e is to be used. This de%i!e !an be a !hemi!a" &ire bott"e 'see se!t. >.?>*$ a +i+e bomb 'se!t ?.?;*$ or a thermit bomb 'se!t >.?1 and ?.?;*. (&ter the de%i!e is made$ it must be se!ure"y atta!hed to the do.e". Dhen this is done$ +"a!e the do.e" ba!k in the shot#un. The bomb or in!endiary de%i!e shou"d be on the end o& the do.e". 4ake sure that the de%i!e has a "on# enou#h &use$ "i#ht the &use$ and &ire the shot#un. I& the +ro7e!ti"e is not too hea%y$ ran#es o& u+ to >00 &t are +ossib"e. ( dia#ram o& a shot#un +ro7e!ti"e is sho.n be"o..

:::: MM M MM M MM M MM M MM::M MM M MM M MM M MM

bomb$ se!ure"y ta+ed to do.e"

&use

MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM MM A.>

do.e"

insert this end into shot#un

)P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR CO4PR2))2D (IR@G() D2(PON)

This se!tion dea"s .ith the manu&a!ture o& s+e!ia" ammunition &or !om+ressed air or !om+ressed #as .ea+ons$ su!h as +um+ 1.1 #uns$ CO; 1.1 #uns$ and .;; !a" +e""et #uns. These .ea+ons$ a"thou#h usua""y thou#ht o& as kids toys$ !an be made into rather dan#erous .ea+ons. A.>1 )P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR 1.1 GUN)

( 1.1 #un$ &or this manus!ri+t$ .i"" be !onsidered any ty+e o& ri&"e or +isto" that uses !om+ressed air or CO; #as to &ire a +ro7e!ti"e .ith a !a"iber o& .1FF$ either 1.1$ or "ead +e""et. )u!h #uns !an ha%e a"most as hi#h a muzz"e %e"o!ity as a bu""et &irin# ri&"e. 1e!ause o& the s+eed at .hi!h a .1FF !a"iber +ro7e!ti"e &"ies$ an im+a!t detonatin# +ro7e!ti"e !an easi"y be made that has a !a"iber o& .1FF. 4ost ammunition &or #uns o& #reater than .;; !a"iber use +rimers to i#nite the +o.der in the bu""et. These +rimers !an be bou#ht at #un stores$ sin!e many +eo+"e "ike to re"oad their o.n bu""ets. )u!h +rimers detonate .hen stru!k by the &irin# +in o& a #un. They .i"" a"so detonate i& they are thro.n at a hard sur&a!e at a #reat s+eed. Usua""y$ they .i"" a"so &it in the barre" o& a .1FF !a"iber #un. I& they are inserted &"at end &irst$ they .i"" detonate .hen the #un is &ired at a hard sur&a!e. I& su!h a +rimer is atta!hed to a +ie!e o& thin meta" tubin#$ su!h as that used in an antenna$ the tube !an be &i""ed .ith an e9+"osi%e$ be sea"ed$ and &ired &rom a 1.1 #un. ( dia#ram o& su!h a +ro7e!ti"e a++ears be"o.. ::::: +rimers ::::::: M M M M M M = = :::::: :::::: M :::::::::::::::::::::::: M M PPPPPP e9+"osi%e PPPPPPP M M :::::::::::::::::::::::: M M::::: :::::M N M M M::::::: antenna tubin#

[ tasse" or !otton

The &ront +rimer is atta!hed to the tubin# .ith a dro+ o& su+er #"ue. The tubin# is then &i""ed .ith an e9+"osi%e$ and the rear +rimer is #"ued on. -ina""y$ a tasse"$ or a sma"" +ie!e o& !otton is #"ued to the rear +rimer$ to insure that the +ro7e!ti"e strikes on the &ront +rimer. The entire +ro7e!ti"e shou"d be about >@? o& an in!h "on#.

A.>;

)P2CI(0 (44UNITION -OR .;; C(0I12R P2002T GUN)

( .;; !a"iber +e""et #un usua""y is e/ui%a"ent to a .;; !a" ri&"e$ at !"ose ran#es. 1e!ause o& this$ re"ati%e"y "ar#e e9+"osi%e +ro7e!ti"es !an be ada+ted &or use .ith .;; !a"iber air ri&"es. ( desi#n simi"ar to that used in se!tion A.1; is suitab"e$ sin!e some !a+su"es are about .;; !a"iber or sma""er. Or$ a desi#n simi"ar to that in se!tion A.>1 !ou"d be used$ on"y one .ou"d ha%e to +ur!hase b"a!k +o.der +er!ussion !a+s$ instead o& ammunition +rimers$ sin!e there are +er!ussion !a+s that are about .;; !a"iber. ( V11 !a+ is too sma""$ but anythin# "ar#er .i"" do ni!e"y. B.0 ROCJ2T) (ND C(NNON)

Ro!kets and !annon are #enera""y thou#ht o& as hea%y arti""ery. Per+etrators o& %io"en!e do not usua""y em+"oy su!h de%i!es$ be!ause they are di&&i!u"t or im+ossib"e to a!/uire. They are not$ ho.e%er$ im+ossib"e to make. (ny indi%idua" .ho !an make or buy b"a!k +o.der or +yrode9 !an make su!h thin#s. ( terrorist .ith a !annon or "ar#e ro!ket is$ indeed$ somethin# to &ear. B.1 ROCJ2T)

Ro!kets .ere &irst de%e"o+ed by the Chinese se%era" hundred years be&ore Christ. They .ere used &or entertainment$ in the &orm o& &ire.orks. They .ere not usua""y used &or mi"itary +ur+oses be!ause they .ere ina!!urate$ e9+ensi%e$ and un+redi!tab"e. In modern times$ ho.e%er$ ro!kets are used !onstant"y by the mi"itary$ sin!e they are !hea+$ re"iab"e$ and ha%e no re!oi". Per+etrators o& %io"en!e$ &ortunate"y$ !annot obtain mi"itary ro!kets$ but they !an make or buy ro!ket en#ines. 4ode" ro!ketry is a +o+u"ar hobby o& the s+a!e a#e$ and to "aun!h a ro!ket$ an en#ine is re/uired. 2stes$ a subsidiary o& Damon$ is the "eadin# manu&a!turer o& mode" ro!kets and ro!ket en#ines. Their most +o.er&u" en#ine$ the IDI en#ine$ !an de%e"o+ a"most 1; "bs. o& thrust8 enou#h to send a re"ati%e"y "ar#e e9+"osi%e !har#e a si#ni&i!ant distan!e. Other !om+anies$ su!h as Centuri$ +rodu!e e%en "ar#er ro!ket en#ines$ .hi!h de%e"o+ u+ to >0 "bs. o& thrust. These mode" ro!ket en#ines are /uite re"iab"e$ and are desi#ned to be &ired e"e!tri!a""y. 4ost mode" ro!ket en#ines ha%e three basi! se!tions. The dia#ram be"o. .i"" he"+ e9+"ain them. :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M O !"ay M M P P P M . . . .M!M !asin# O:::::::M M P P P M . . . M"M :::::: : thrust M smoke M e7e!t MaM @ !"ay M M P P P M . . . .MyM @::::::::M:::::::::::::::::::::M:::::::M::::::::M:M::::::: M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M !asin#

!ardboard

!ardboard

The !"ay nozz"e is .here the i#niter is inserted. Dhen the area "abe"ed IthrustI is i#nited$ the IthrustI materia"$ usua""y a "ar#e sin#"e #rain o& a +ro+e""ant su!h as b"a!k +o.der or +yrode9$ burns$ &or!in# "ar#e %o"umes o& hot$ ra+id"y e9+andin# #asses out the narro. nozz"e$ +ushin# the ro!ket &or.ard. (&ter the materia" has been !onsumed$ the smoke se!tion o& the en#ine is i#nited. It is usua""y a s"o. burnin# materia"$ simi"ar to b"a!k +o.der that has had %arious !om+ounds added to it to +rodu!e %isib"e smoke$ usua""y b"a!k$ .hite$ or ye""o. in !o"or. This se!tion e9ists so that the ro!ket .i"" be seen .hen it rea!hes its ma9imum a"titude$ or a+o#ee. Dhen it is burned u+$ it i#nites the e7e!tion !har#e$ "abe"ed Ie7e!tI. The e7e!tion !har#e is &ine"y

+o.dered b"a!k +o.der. It burns %ery ra+id"y$ e9+"odin#$ in e&&e!t. The e9+"osion o& the e7e!tion !har#e +ushes out the +ara!hute o& the mode" ro!ket. It !ou"d a"so be used to i#nite the &use o& a bomb... Ro!ket en#ines ha%e their o.n +e!u"iar "abe"in# system. Ty+i!a" en#ine "abe"s areK 1@?( ;T$ 1@;( >T$ (G >$ 1B ?$ CB F$ and D1; A. The "etter is an indi!ator o& the +o.er o& an en#ine. I1I en#ines are t.i!e as +o.er&u" as I(I en#ines$ and ICI en#ines are t.i!e as +o.er&u" as I1I en#ines$ and so on. The number &o""o.in# the "etter is the a++ro9imate thrust o& the en#ine$ in +ounds. the &ina" number and "etter is the time de"ay$ &rom the time that the thrust +eriod o& en#ine burn ends unti" the e7e!tion !har#e &ires8 I>TI indi!ates a > se!ond de"ay. NOT2K an e9treme"y e&&e!ti%e ro!ket +ro+e""ant !an be made by mi9in# a"uminum dust .ith ammonium +er!h"orate and a %ery sma"" amount o& iron o9ide. The mi9ture is bound to#ether by an e+o9y. B.11 1()IC ROCJ2T 1O41

( ro!ket bomb is sim+"y .hat the name im+"iesK a bomb that is de"i%ered to its tar#et by means o& a ro!ket. 4ost +eo+"e .ho .ou"d make su!h a de%i!e .ou"d use a mode" ro!ket en#ine to +o.er the de%i!e. 1y !uttin# &ins &rom ba"sa .ood and #"uin# them to a "ar#e ro!ket en#ine$ su!h as the 2stes ICI en#ine$ a basi! ro!ket !ou"d be !onstru!ted. Then$ by atta!hin# a I!rater makerI$ or CO; !artrid#e bomb to the ro!ket$ a bomb .ou"d be added. To insure that the &use o& the I!rater makerI 'see se!t. ?.?;* i#nited$ the !"ay o%er the e7e!tion !har#e o& the en#ine shou"d be s!ra+ed o&& .ith a +"asti! too". The &use o& the bomb shou"d be tou!hin# the e7e!tion !har#e$ as sho.n be"o..

:::::::::::: ro!ket en#ine M ::::::::: !rater maker M M M M = M :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::=: M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M :::::::::::::::::::::: O M MPPPMKKKKM @V V V V V V V V V V V O O::M MPPPMKKKKM :::@ V V V V V V V V V V V O :: MPPPMKKKKM &use V V e9+"osi%e V V * @ M MPPPMKKKKM ::: V V V V V V V V V V V @ @:::M::::::::::::M:::M::::M:::: O:::::::::::::::::::::::@ M:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M thrustX smokeX PPP e7e!tion !har#eX KKKK Du!t ta+e is the best .ay to atta!h the !rater maker to the ro!ket en#ine. Note in the dia#ram the absen!e o& the !"ay o%er the e7e!tion !har#e 4any di&&erent ty+es o& e9+"osi%e +ay"oads !an be atta!hed to the ro!ket$ su!h as a hi#h e9+"osi%e$ an in!endiary de%i!e$ or a !hemi!a" &ire bott"e.

2ither &our or three &ins must be #"ued to the ro!ket en#ine to insure that the ro!ket &"ies strai#ht. The &ins shou"d "ook "ike thisK MO MO M O M O Y #"ue this to ro!ket en#ine M O M O M O M M M M M M "eadin# ed#e M X M M M M M trai"in# ed#e M M Y M M M M M M M M O:::::@ The "eadin# ed#e and trai"in# ed#e shou"d be sanded .ith sand+a+er so that they are rounded. This .i"" he"+ make the ro!ket &"y strai#ht. ( t.o in!h "on# se!tion o& a +"asti! stra. !an be atta!hed to the ro!ket to "aun!h it &rom. ( !"othes han#er !an be !ut and made into a "aun!h rod. The se#ment o& a +"asti! stra. shou"d be #"ued to the ro!ket en#ine ad7a!ent to one o& the &ins o& the ro!ket. ( &ront %ie. o& a !om+"eted ro!ket bomb is sho.n be"o.. M &in M M M = MY &in M M M M ::M:: M @ O = M M O:::::@ Mo Y se#ment o& +"asti! stra. M M MY &in M M

1y !uttin# a !oat han#er at the indi!ated arro.s$ and bendin# it$ a "aun!h rod !an be made. (&ter a &use is inserted in the en#ine$ the ro!ket is sim+"y s"id do.n the "aun!h rod$ .hi!h is +ut throu#h the se#ment o& +"asti! stra.. The ro!ket shou"d s"ide easi"y a"on# the !oathan#er. :::: @ O M M M M M

!ut here ::::: M M

M @O = @ O :::::::::::::::::@ O:::::::::::::::: @ @ @::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::O N M M and here ::::::M 1end .ire to this sha+eK ::::::: insert into stra. M M M = :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: O O O O O Y bend here to ad7ust &"i#ht an#"e M M M M M MY +ut this end in #round M B.1; 0ONG R(NG2 ROCJ2T 1O41

0on# ran#e ro!kets !an be made by usin# mu"ti sta#e ro!kets. 4ode" ro!ket en#ines .ith an I0I &or a time de"ay are desi#ned &or use in mu"ti sta#e ro!kets. (n en#ine su!h as the D1; 0 is an e9!e""ent e9am+"e o& su!h an en#ine. Immediate"y a&ter the thrust +eriod is o%er$ the e7e!tion !har#e e9+"odes. I& another en#ine is +"a!ed dire!t"y a#ainst the ba!k o& an I0I en#ine$ the e9+"osion o& the e7e!tion !har#e .i"" send hot #asses and burnin# +arti!"es into the nozz"e o& the en#ine abo%e it$ and i#nite the thrust se!tion. This .i"" +ush the used I0I en#ine o&& o& the ro!ket$ !ausin# an o%era"" "oss o& .ei#ht. The main ad%anta#e o& a mu"ti sta#e ro!ket is that it "oses .ei#ht as tra%e"s$ and it #ains %e"o!ity. ( mu"ti sta#e ro!ket must be desi#ned some.hat di&&erent"y than a sin#"e sta#e ro!ket$ sin!e$ in order &or a ro!ket to &"y strai#ht$ its !enter o& #ra%ity must be ahead o& its !enter o& dra#. This is a!!om+"ished by addin# .ei#ht to the &ront o& the ro!ket$ or by mo%in# the !enter o& dra# ba!k by +uttin# &ins on the ro!ket that are .e"" behind the ro!ket. ( dia#ram o& a mu"ti sta#e ro!ket a++ears be"o.K ::: @ M MC M4 M M

M M M M M

C4K Crater 4aker

M::::M M M M M M M MC M CB A ro!ket en#ine @M B MO @MM MO @ MA M O @ M::::M O &in @ @M MO O @ @M MO O @ @ M M O O @ @ MC M O O M @ MB M O M M @ MM M O M M@ M0 M OM M@ M::::M OM M @ O M O:::::@NO:::::@ &in M M M M CB 0 ro!ket en#ine The &use is +ut in the bottom en#ine. T.o$ three$ or e%en &our sta#es !an be added to a ro!ket bomb to #i%e it a "on#er ran#e. It is im+ortant$ ho.e%er$ that &or ea!h additiona" sta#e$ the &in area #ets "ar#er. B.1> 4U0TIP02 D(RH2(D ROCJ2T 1O41)

I4.R.=.I is an a!ronym &or 4u"ti+"e Reentry =ehi!"e. The !on!e+t is sim+"eK +ut more than one e9+"osi%e .arhead on a sin#"e missi"e. This !an be done .ithout too mu!h di&&i!u"ty by anyone .ho kno.s ho. to make !rater makers and !an buy ro!ket en#ines. 1y atta!hin# !rater makers .ith "on# &uses to a ro!ket$ it is +ossib"e that a sin#"e ro!ket !ou"d de"i%er se%era" e9+"osi%e de%i!es to a tar#et. )u!h a ro!ket mi#ht "ook "ike thisK ::: @ O M M MCM M4M M:::M :::M M::: M M M M M MTM M @OMUM@O @ OM 1 M@ O M MM 2 MM M M C MM MM C M M 4 MM MM 4 M M MM:::MM M O:::@M 2 MO:::@ MNM

@M G MO @MIMO @ MNM O @ M2M O @ M:::M O @ &in@ M O &inO M @ M O M O::@ M O::@ N M:::: &in The !rater makers are atta!hed to the tube o& ro""ed +a+er .ith ta+e. the +a+er tube is made by ro""in# and #"uin# a ? in!h by G in!h +ie!e o& +a+er. The tube is #"ued to the en#ine$ and is &i""ed .ith #un+o.der or b"a!k +o.der. )ma"" ho"es are +un!hed in it$ and the &uses o& the !rater makers are inserted in these ho"es. ( !rater maker is #"ued to the o+en end o& the tube$ so that its &use is inside the tube. ( &use is inserted in the en#ine$ or in the bottom en#ine i& the ro!ket bomb is mu"ti sta#e$ and the ro!ket is "aun!hed &rom the !oathan#er "aun!her$ i& a se#ment o& a +"asti! stra. has been atta!hed to it. B.; C(NNON

The !annon is a +ie!e o& arti""ery that has been in use sin!e the 11th !entury. It is not un"ike a musket$ in that it is &i""ed .ith +o.der$ "oaded$ and &ired. Cannons o& this sort must a"so be !"eaned a&ter ea!h shot$ other.ise$ the +ro7e!ti"e may 7am in the barre" .hen it is &ired$ !ausin# the barre" to e9+"ode. ( so!io+ath !ou"d bui"d a !annon .ithout too mu!h troub"e$ i& he@she had a "itt"e bit o& money$ and some +atien!e. B.;1 1()IC PIP2 C(NNON

( sim+"e !annon !an be made &rom a thi!k +i+e by a"most anyone. The on"y di&&i!u"t +art is &indin# a +i+e that is e9treme"y smooth on its interior. This is abso"ute"y ne!essary8 other.ise$ the +ro7e!ti"e may 7am. Co++er or a"uminum +i+in# is usua""y smooth enou#h$ but it must a"so be e9treme"y thi!k to .ithstand the +ressure de%e"o+ed by the e9+andin# hot #asses in a !annon. I& one uses a +ro7e!ti"e su!h as a CO; !artrid#e$ sin!e su!h a +ro7e!ti"e !an be made to e9+"ode$ a +i+e that is about 1.A ; &eet "on# is idea". )u!h a +i+e 4U)T ha%e .a""s that are at "east 1@> to 1@; an in!h thi!k$ and be %ery smooth on the interior. I& +ossib"e$ s!re. an end+"u# into the +i+e. Other.ise$ the +i+e must be !rim+ed and &o"ded !"osed$ .ithout !ra!kin# or tearin# the +i+e. ( sma"" ho"e is dri""ed in the ba!k o& the +i+e near the !rim+ or end+"u#. Then$ a"" that need be done is &i"" the +i+e .ith about t.o teas+oons o& #rade b"a!k+o.der or +yrode9$ insert a &use$ +a!k it "i#ht"y by rammin# a .ad o& tissue +a+er do.n the barre"$ and dro+ in a CO; !artrid#e. 1ra!e the !annon se!ure"y a#ainst a stron# stru!ture$ "i#ht the &use$ and run. I& the +erson is "u!ky$ he .i"" not ha%e o%er!har#ed the !annon$ and he .i"" not be hit by +ie!es o& e9+"odin# barre". )u!h a !annon .ou"d "ook "ike thisK :::::::::::::::::: &use ho"e M M = :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: M M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M Mend+"u#M+o.derMt.+.M CO; !artrid#e M ::::::M::::::M::::M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

M:M::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::M (n e9+"odin# +ro7e!ti"e !an be made &or this ty+e o& !annon .ith a CO; !artrid#e. It is re"ati%e"y sim+"e to do. 6ust make a !rater maker$ and !onstru!t it su!h that the &use +ro7e!ts about an in!h &rom the end o& the !artrid#e. Then$ .ra+ the &use .ith du!t ta+e$ !o%erin# it entire"y$ e9!e+t &or a sma"" amount at the end. Put this in the +i+e !annon .ithout usin# a tissue +a+er +a!kin# .ad. Dhen the !annon is &ired$ it .i"" i#nite the end o& the &use$ and shoot the CO; !artrid#e. The e9+"osi%e &i""ed !artrid#e .i"" e9+"ode in about three se!onds$ i& a"" #oes .e"". )u!h a +ro7e!ti"e .ou"d "ook "ike thisK ::: @ O M M MCM M4M M M M M MO @M MMM M:M:M M M B.;;

ta+e &use

ROCJ2T -IRING C(NNON

( ro!ket &irin# !annon !an be made e9a!t"y "ike a norma" !annon8 the on"y di&&eren!e is the ammunition. ( ro!ket &ired &rom a !annon .i"" &"y &urther than a ro!ket a"one$ sin!e the a!tion o& shootin# it o%er!omes the initia" inertia. ( ro!ket that is "aun!hed .hen it is mo%in# .i"" #o &urther than one that is "aun!hed .hen it is stationary. )u!h a ro!ket .ou"d resemb"e a norma" ro!ket bomb$ e9!e+t it .ou"d ha%e no &ins. It .ou"d "ook "ike thisK ::: @ O M M MCM M4M M M M M M:::M M2M MNM MGM MIM MNM M2M M:::M the &use on su!h a de%i!e .ou"d$ ob%ious"y$ be short$ but it .ou"d not be i#nited unti" the ro!ket,s e7e!tion !har#e e9+"oded. Thus$ the de"ay be&ore the e7e!tion !har#e$ in e&&e!t$ be!omes the de"ay be&ore the bomb e9+"odes. Note that no &use need be +ut in the ro!ket8 the burnin# +o.der in the !annon .i"" i#nite it$ and simu"taneous"y +ush the ro!ket out o& the !annon at a hi#h %e"o!ity.

F.0

P3ROT2CHNIC( 2RR(T(

There are many other ty+es o& +yrote!hni!s that a +er+etrator o& %io"en!e mi#ht em+"oy. )moke bombs !an be +ur!hased in ma#i! stores$ and "ar#e mi"itary smoke bombs !an be bou#ht throu#h adds in #un and mi"itary ma#azines. -ina""y$ &ire.orks !an a"so be used as .ea+ons o& terror. ( "ar#e aeria" dis+"ay ro!ket .ou"d !ause many in7uries i& it .ere to be &ired so that it "anded on the #round near a !ro.d o& +eo+"e. 2%en the Iharm"essI +u"" strin# &ire.orks$ .hi!h !onsists o& a sort o& &ire!ra!ker that e9+"odes .hen the strin#s runnin# throu#h it are +u""ed$ !ou"d be +"a!ed inside a "ar#e !har#e o& a sensiti%e hi#h e9+"osi%e. Tear #as is another materia" that mi#ht .e"" be use&u" to the so!io+ath$ and su!h a materia" !ou"d be instant"y disseminated o%er a "ar#e !ro.d by means o& a ro!ket bomb$ .ith nasty e&&e!ts. F.1 )4OJ2 1O41)

One ty+e o& +yrote!hni! de%i!e that mi#ht be em+"oyed by a terrorist in many .ay .ou"d be a smoke bomb. )u!h a de%i!e !ou"d !on!ea" the #eta.ay route$ or !ause a di%ersion$ or sim+"y +ro%ide !o%er. )u!h a de%i!e$ .ere it to +rodu!e enou#h smoke that sme""ed bad enou#h$ !ou"d &or!e the e%a!uation o& a bui"din#$ &or e9am+"e. )moke bombs are not di&&i!u"t to make. ("thou#h the mi"itary smoke bombs em+"oy +o.dered .hite +hos+horus or titanium !om+ounds$ su!h materia"s are usua""y una%ai"ab"e to e%en the most .e"" e/ui++ed terrorist. Instead$ he@she .ou"d ha%e to make the smoke bomb &or themse"%es. 4ost homemade smoke bombs usua""y em+"oy some ty+e o& base +o.der$ su!h as b"a!k +o.der or +yrode9$ to su++ort !ombustion. The base materia" .i"" burn .e""$ and +ro%ide heat to !ause the other materia"s in the de%i!e to burn$ but not !om+"ete"y or !"ean"y. Tab"e su#ar$ mi9ed .ith su"&ur and a base materia"$ +rodu!es "ar#e amounts o& smoke. )a.dust$ es+e!ia""y i& it has a sma"" amount o& oi" in it$ and a base +o.der .orks .e"" a"so. Other e9!e""ent smoke in#redients are sma"" +ie!es o& rubber$ &ine"y #round +"asti!s$ and many !hemi!a" mi9tures. The materia" in road &"ares !an be mi9ed .ith su#ar and su"&ur and a base +o.der +rodu!es mu!h smoke. 4ost o& the &ue" o9odizer mi9tures$ i& the ratio is not !orre!t$ +rodu!e mu!h smoke .hen added to a base +o.der. The "ist o& +ossibi"ities #oes on and on. The tri!k to a su!!ess&u" smoke bomb a"so "ies in the !ontainer used. ( +"asti! !y"inder .orks .e""$ and !ontributes to the smoke +rodu!ed. The ho"e in the smoke bomb .here the &use enters must be "ar#e enou#h to a""o. the materia" to burn .ithout !ausin# an e9+"osion. This is another +"us &or +"asti! !ontainers$ sin!e they .i"" me"t and burn .hen the smoke materia" i#nites$ +rodu!in# an o+enin# "ar#e enou#h to +re%ent an e9+"osion. F.; CO0OR2D -0(42)

Co"ored &"ames !an o&ten be used as a si#na"in# de%i!e &or terrorists. by +uttin# a ba"" o& !o"ored &"ame materia" in a ro!ket8 the ro!ket$ .hen the e7e!tion !har#e &ires$ .i"" send out a burnin# !o"ored ba"". The materia"s that +rodu!e the di&&erent !o"ors o& &"ames a++ear be"o.. CO0OR 4(T2RI(0 U)2D IN ::::: :::::::: ::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: red strontium road &"ares$ sa"ts red s+ark"ers 'strontium nitrate* ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: #reen barium sa"ts #reen s+ark"ers

'barium nitrate* ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ye""o. sodium sa"ts #o"d s+ark"ers 'sodium nitrate* ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: b"ue +o.dered !o++er b"ue s+ark"ers$ o"d +ennies ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: .hite +o.dered ma#nesium &irestarters$ or a"uminum a"uminum &oi" ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +ur+"e +otassium +erman#anate +ur+"e &ountains$ treatin# se.a#e ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: F.> T2(R G()

( terrorist .ho !ou"d make tear #as or some simi"ar !om+ound !ou"d use it .ith ease a#ainst a "ar#e number o& +eo+"e. Tear #as is &air"y !om+"i!ated to make$ ho.e%er$ and this +re%ents su!h indi%idua"s &rom bein# ab"e to uti"ize its #reat +otentia" &or harm. One method &or its +re+aration is sho.n be"o.. 2CUIP42NT ::::::::: 1. rin# stands ';* ;. a"!oho" burner >. er"enmeyer &"ask$ >00 m" ?. !"am+s ';* A. rubber sto++er B. #"ass tubin# F. !"am+ ho"der G. !ondenser H. rubber tubin# 10. !o""e!tin# &"ask 11. air tra+ 1;. beaker$ >00 m" 4(T2RI(0) ::::::::: 10 #ms #"y!erine ; #ms sodium bisu"&ate disti""ed .ater 1* In an o+en area$ .earin# a #as mask$ mi9 10 #ms o& #"y!erine .ith ; #ms o& sodium bisu"&ate in the >00 m" er"enmeyer &"ask. ;* 0i#ht the a"!oho" burner$ and #ent"y heat the &"ask. >* The mi9ture .i"" be#in to bubb"e and &roth8 these bubb"es are tear #as. ?* Dhen the mi9ture bein# heated !eases to &roth and #enerate #as$ or a bro.n residue be!omes %isib"e in the tube$ the rea!tion is !om+"ete. Remo%e the heat sour!e$ and dis+ose o& the heated mi9ture$ as it is !orrosi%e.

A* The materia" that !ondenses in the !ondenser and dri+s into the !o""e!tin# &"ask is tear #as. It must be !a++ed ti#ht"y$ and stored in a sa&e +"a!e. F.? -IR2DORJ)

Dhi"e &ire.orks !annot rea""y be used as an e&&e!ti%e means o& terror$ they do ha%e some %a"ue as distra!tions or in!endiaries. There are se%era" basi! ty+es o& &ire.orks that !an be made in the home$ .hether &or &un$ +ro&it$ or nasty uses. F.?1 -IR2CR(CJ2R)

( sim+"e &ire!ra!ker !an be made &rom !ardboard tubin# and e+o9y. The instru!tions are be"o.K 1* Cut a sma"" +ie!e o& !ardboard tubin# &rom the tube you are usin#. I)ma""I means anythin# "ess than ? times the diameter o& the tube. ;* )et the se!tion o& tubin# do.n on a +ie!e o& .a9 +a+er$ and &i"" it .ith e+o9y and the dryin# a#ent to a hei#ht o& >@? the diameter o& the tubin#. (""o. the e+o9y to dry to ma9imum hardness$ as s+e!i&ied on the +a!ka#e. >* Dhen it is dry$ +ut a sma"" ho"e in the midd"e o& the tube$ and insert a desired "en#th o& &use. ?* -i"" the tube .ith any ty+e o& &"ame sensiti%e e9+"osi%e. -"ash +o.der$ +yrode9$ b"a!k +o.der$ +otassium +i!rate$ "ead azide$ nitro!e""u"ose$ or any o& the &ast burnin# &ue" o9odizer mi9tures .i"" do ni!e"y. -i"" the tube a"most to the to+. A* Pa!k the e9+"osi%e ti#ht"y in the tube .ith a .ad o& tissue +a+er and a +en!i" or other suitab"e ramrod. 1e sure to "ea%e enou#h s+a!e &or more e+o9y. B* -i"" the remainder o& the tube .ith the e+o9y and hardener$ and a""o. it to dry. F* -or those .ho .ish to make s+e!ta!u"ar &ire!ra!kers$ a".ays use &"ash +o.der$ mi9ed .ith a sma"" amount o& other materia" &or !o"ors. 1y !rushin# the materia" on a s+ark"er$ and addin# it to the &"ash +o.der$ the e9+"osion .i"" be the same !o"or as the s+ark"er. 1y addin# sma"" !hunks o& s+ark"er materia"$ the de%i!e .i"" thro. out !o"ored burnin# s+arks$ o& the same !o"or as the s+ark"er. 1y addin# +o.dered iron$ oran#e s+arks .i"" be +rodu!ed. Dhite s+arks !an be +rodu!ed &rom ma#nesium sha%in#s$ or &rom sma""$ 0IGHT03 !rum+"ed ba""s o& a"uminum &oi". 29am+"eK )u++ose I .ish to make a &ire!ra!ker that .i"" e9+"ode .ith a red &"ash$ and thro. out .hite s+arks. -irst$ I .ou"d take a road &"are$ and &ine"y +o.der the materia" inside it. Or$ I !ou"d take a red s+ark"er$ and &ine"y +o.der it. Then$ I .ou"d mi9 a sma"" amount o& this materia" .ith the &"ash +o.der. 'NOT2K -0()H PODD2R 4(3 R2(CT DITH )O42 4(T2RI(0) TH(T IT I) 4I<2D DITH$ (ND 2<P0OD2 )PONT(N2OU)035* I .ou"d mi9 it in a ratio o& H +arts &"ash +o.der to 1 +art o& &"are or s+ark"er materia"$ and add about 1A sma"" ba""s o& a"uminum &oi"

I .ou"d store the materia" in a +"asti! ba# o%erni#ht outside o& the house$ to make sure that the stu&& doesn,t rea!t. Then$ in the mornin#$ I .ou"d test a sma"" amount o& it$ and i& it .as satis&a!tory$ I .ou"d +ut it in the &ire!ra!ker. G* I& this ty+e o& &ire!ra!ker is mounted on a ro!ket en#ine$ +ro&essiona" to semi +ro&essiona" dis+"ays !an be +rodu!ed. F.?; )J3ROCJ2T)

(n im+ressi%e home made skyro!ket !an easi"y be made in the home &rom mode" ro!ket en#ines. 2stes en#ines are re!ommended. 1* 1uy an 2stes 4ode" Ro!ket 2n#ine o& the desired size$ rememberin# that the +o.er doub"es .ith ea!h "etter. ')ee se!t. B.1 &or detai"s* ;* 2ither buy a se!tion o& body tube &or mode" ro!kets that e9a!t"y &its the en#ine$ or make a tube &rom se%era" thi!knesses o& +a+er and #"ue. >* )!ra+e out the !"ay ba!kin# on the ba!k o& the en#ine$ so that the +o.der is e9+osed. G"ue the tube to the en#ine$ so that the tube !o%ers at "east ha"& the en#ine. Pour a sma"" !har#e o& &"ash +o.der in the tube$ about 1@; an in!h. ?* 1y addin# materia"s as detai"ed in the se!tion on &ire!ra!kers$ %arious ty+es o& e&&e!ts !an be +rodu!ed. A* 1y +uttin# 6um+in# 6a!ks or bott"e ro!kets .ithout the sti!k in the tube$ s+e!ta!u"ar dis+"ays .ith mo%in# &ireba""s or 4.R.=.,s !an be +rodu!ed. B* -ina""y$ by mountin# many home made &ire!ra!kers on the tube .ith the &uses in the tube$ mu"ti+"e !o"ored bursts !an be made. F.?> RO4(N C(ND02)

Roman !and"es are im+ressi%e to .at!h. They are re"ati%e"y di&&i!u"t to make$ !om+ared to the other ty+es o& home made &ire.orks$ but they are .e"" .orth the troub"e. 1* 1uy a 1@; in!h thi!k mode" ro!ket body tube$ and rein&or!e it .ith se%era" "ayers o& +a+er and@or maskin# ta+e. This must be done to +re%ent the tube &rom e9+"odin#. Cut the tube into about 10 in!h "en#ths. ;* Put the tube on a sheet o& .a9 +a+er$ and sea" one end .ith e+o9y and the dryin# a#ent. (bout 1@; o& an in!h is su&&i!ient. >* Put a ho"e in the tube 7ust abo%e the bottom "ayer o& e+o9y$ and insert a desired "en#th o& .ater +roo& &use. 4ake sure that the &use &its ti#ht"y. ?* Pour about 1 in!h o& +yrode9 or #un+o.der do.n the o+en end o& the tube. A* 4ake a ba"" by +o.derin# about t.o B in!h s+ark"ers o& the desired !o"or. 4i9 this +o.der .ith a sma"" amount o& &"ash +o.der and

a sma"" amount o& +yrode9$ to ha%e a &ina" ratio 'by %o"ume* o& B0Q s+ark"er materia" @ ;0Q &"ash +o.der @ ;0Q +yrode9. (&ter mi9in# the +o.ders .e""$ add .ater$ one dro+ at a time$ and mi9in# !ontinuous"y$ unti" a dam+ +aste is &ormed. This +aste shou"d be mo"dab"e by hand$ and shou"d retain its sha+e .hen "e&t a"one. 4ake a ba"" out o& the +aste that 7ust &its into the tube. (""o. the ba"" to dry. B* Dhen it is dry$ dro+ the ba"" do.n the tube. It shou"d s"ide do.n &air"y easi"y. Put a sma"" .ad o& tissue +a+er in the tube$ and +a!k it #ent"y a#ainst the ba"" .ith a +en!i". F* Dhen ready to use$ +ut the !and"e in a ho"e in the #round$ +ointed in a sa&e dire!tion$ "i#ht the &use$ and run. I& the de%i!e .orks$ a !o"ored &ireba"" shou"d shoot out o& the tube to a hei#ht o& about >0 &eet. This hei#ht !an be in!reased by addin# a s"i#ht"y "ar#er +o.der !har#e in ste+ ?$ or by usin# a s"i#ht"y "on#er tube. G* I& the ba"" does not i#nite$ add s"i#ht"y more +yrode9 in ste+ A. H* The ba""s made &or roman !and"es a"so &un!tion %ery .e"" in ro!kets$ +rodu!in# an e&&e!t o& &a""in# !o"ored &ireba""s. G.0 0I)T) O- )UPP0I2R) (ND 4OR2 IN-OR4(TION

4ost$ i& not a""$ o& the in&ormation in this +ub"i!ation !an be obtained throu#h a +ub"i! or uni%ersity "ibrary. There are a"so many +ub"i!ations that are +ut out by +eo+"e .ho .ant to make money by te""in# other +eo+"e ho. to make e9+"osi%es at home. (dds &or su!h a++ear &re/uent"y in +arami"itary ma#azines and ne.s+a+ers. This "ist is +resented to sho. the "ar#e number o& +"a!es that in&ormation and materia"s !an be +ur!hased &rom. It a"so in!"udes &ire.orks !om+anies and the "ike. CO4P(N3 N(42 (ND (DDR2)) DH(T CO4P(N3 )200) :::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::: -U00 (UTO CO. INC. 2<P0O)I=2 R2CIP2)$ P.O. 1O< 1GG1 P(P2R TU1ING 4UR-R22)1ORO$ TN >F1>> ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: UN0I4IT2D CH24IC(0) (ND -U)2 1O< 1>FG )N H2R4I)TON$ OR2GON HFG>G ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: (42RIC(N -IR2DORJ) N2D) -IR2DORJ) N2D) 4(G(UIN2 DITH )R 1O< >0 )OURC2) (ND T2CHNICU2) DING4(N,) -2RR3$ P2NN)30=(NI( 1G>;G ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1(RN2TT INT2RN(TION(0 INC. 1OD)$ CRO))1OD)$ (RCH2R3 4(T2RI(0)$ 1;A RUNN20) )TR22T (IR RI-02) P.O. 1O< ;;B PORT HURON$ 4ICHIG(N

?G0B0 ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: CRO))4(N (IR GUN) (IR GUN) P.O. 1O< ;;H;F ROCH2)T2R$ N2D 3ORJ 1?BH; ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2<2CUTI=2 PROT2CTION PRODUCT) INC. T2(R G() GR2N(D2)$ >1B C(0I-ORNI( (=2. PROT2CTION D2=IC2) R2NO$ N2=(D( GHA0H ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1(DG2R -IR2DORJ) CO. INC. C0()) I1I (ND ICI -IR2DORJ) 1O< 1?A1 6(N2)=I002$ DI)CON)IN A>A?F ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: N2D 2NG0(ND -IR2DORJ) CO. INC. C0()) ICI -IR2DORJ) P.O. 1O< >A0? )T(4-ORD$ CONN2CTICUTT 0B0HA ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: R(IN1OD TR(I0 C0()) ICI -IR2DORJ) 1O< AG1 2DG24ONT$ P2NN)30=(NI( 1H0;G ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: )TONINGTON -IR2DORJ) INC. C0()) ICI (ND I1I -IR2DORJ) ?010 N2D DI0)23 1(3 U.;A RO(D R(PID RI=2R$ 4ICHIG(N ?HGFG ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: DIND3 CIT3 -IR2DORJ) INC. C0()) ICI (ND I1I -IR2DORJ) P.O. 1O< 11 \GOOD PRIC2)5[ ROCH2)T2R$ INDI(NN( ?BHFA ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1OOJ) ::::: TH2 (N(RCHI)T,) COOJ1OOJ TH2 I4PRO=I)2D 4UNITION) 4(NU(0 4I0IT(R3 2<P0O)I=2) -IR2) (ND 2<P0O)ION) H.0 CH2CJ0I)T -OR R(ID) ON 0(1) In the end$ the serious terrorist .ou"d +robab"y rea"ize that i& he@she

.ishes to make a tru"y use&u" e9+"osi%e$ he or she .i"" ha%e to stea" the !hemi!a"s to make the e9+"osi%e &rom a "ab. ( "ist o& su!h !hemi!a"s in order o& +riority .ou"d +robab"y resemb"e the &o""o.in#K 0ICUID) ::::::: :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: )O0ID) ::::::

Nitri! (!id :::: Potassium Per!h"orate )u"&uri! (!id :::: Potassium Ch"orate HAQ 2thano" :::: Pi!ri! (!id 'usua""y a +o.der* To"uene :::: (mmonium Nitrate Per!h"ori! (!id :::: Po.dered 4a#nesium Hydro!h"ori! (!id :::: Po.dered ("uminum :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: Potassium Perman#anate )u"&ur 4er!ury Potassium Nitrate Potassium Hydro9ide Phos+horus )odium (zide 0ead (!etate 1arium Nitrate

10.0

U)2-U0 P3ROCH24I)TR3

In #enera"$ it is +ossib"e to make many !hemi!a"s &rom 7ust a &e. basi! ones. ( "ist o& use&u" !hemi!a" rea!tions is +resented. It assumes kno."ed#e o& #enera" !hemistry8 any indi%idua" .ho does not understand the &o""o.in# rea!tions .ou"d mere"y ha%e to read the &irst &i%e !ha+ters o& a hi#h s!hoo" !hemistry book. 1. +otassium +er!h"orate &rom +er!h"ori! a!id and +otassium hydro9ide J'OH* E HC"O X JC"O E H O ? ? ; ;. +otassium nitrate &rom nitri! a!id and +otassium hydro9ide I E HNO X JNO E I > > >. ammonium +er!h"orate &rom +er!h"ori! a!id and ammonium hydro9ide NH OH E HC"O X NH C"O E I > ? > ? ?. ammonium nitrate &rom nitri! a!id and ammonium hydro9ide NH OH E HNO X NH NO E I > > > > A. +o.dered a"uminum &rom a!ids$ a"uminum &oi"$ and ma#nesium (. 1. a"uminum &oi" ;("C" 'a/* E > E BHC" > ; X ;("C" E >H ; X >4#C" 'a/* E ;("

>4#

The (" .i"" be a %ery &ine si"%ery +o.der at the bottom o& the !ontainer .hi!h must be &i"tered and dried. This same method .orks .ith nitri! and su"&uri! a!ids$ but these a!ids are too %a"uab"e in the +rodu!tion o& hi#h

e9+"osi%es to use &or su!h a +ur+ose$ un"ess they are a%ai"ab"e in #reat e9!ess. 11.0 (1OUT TH2 (UTHOR

The author$ .ho .ishes his name to be unkno.n$ is +resent"y attendin# a !o""e#e in the United )tates o& (meri!a$ ma7orin# in 2n#ineerin#. He .as raised by his +arents on the 2ast Coast$ and re!ei%ed his hi#h s!hoo" edu!ation there. He &irst be!ame interested in +yrote!hni!s .hen he .as about ei#ht years o& a#e. (t a#e t.e"%e$ he +rodu!ed his &irst e9+"osi%e de%i!e8 it .as s"i#ht"y more +o.er&u" than a "ar#e &ire!ra!ker. He !ontinued to +rodu!e e9+"osi%e de%i!es &or se%era" years. He a"so be!ame interested in mode" ro!ketry$ and has bui"t se%era" ro!kets &rom kits$ and desi#ned his o.n ro!kets. Dhi"e in hi#h s!hoo"$ the author be!ame a&&i"iated .ith CH(O)$ and e%entua""y be!ame the head o& Gunzenbomz Pyro Te!hno"o#ies. (t this time$ at a#e 1G$ he +rodu!ed his &irst hi#h e9+"osi%e de%i!e$ +uttin# a 1 &oot dee+ !rater in an asso!iate,s ba!k yard. He had a"so +rodu!ed many ty+es o& ro!kets$ e9+"osi%e ammunition$ and other +yrote!hni! de%i!es. Dhi"e he .as headin# Gunzenbomz Pyro Te!hno"o#ies$ he .as in7ured .hen a home made de%i!e e9+"oded in his hand8 he did not make the de%i!e. The author "earned$ ho.e%er$ and then de!ided to re&orm$ and a"thou#h he sti"" !onstru!ts an o!!asiona" e9+"osi%e de%i!e$ he !hooses to abstain &rom their +rodu!tion. (n o!!asiona" ro!ket that +rodu!es e&&e!ts simi"ar to that o& +ro&essiona" dis+"ays !an sometimes be seen in the midni#ht sky near his !o""e#e$ and the -ourth o& 6u"y is sti"" his &a%orite day o& the year. Pa9 et Dis!ordia$ The (uthor H2R2 2ND) TH2 -IR)T PU10IC(TION O- TH2 T2RRORI)T,) H(ND1OOJ. THI) I) TH2 ON03 (UTHORIU2D PU10IC(TION$ (ND TH2 )O02 PRODUCTION RIGHT) 120ONG TO CH(O) INDU)TRI2) (ND GUNU2N1O4U P3RO T2CHNO0OGI2).