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Digital Communication Laboratory (ECE-551), ECE Department, NIT Durgapur

Assignments on Digital Communication Laboratory (ECE-551) using Matlab and Simulation Software

1. Write a matlab program to determine and plot the Probability Density function for a) Gaussian pdf. b)
Rayleigh pdf. c) Uniform pdf and d) Laplacian pdf respectively in the same matlab window by using subplot
commands.

2. Write a Matlab program to define and plot a) -law compression curves and b) A-law compression curves for
three values of as 100, 5 and 0.005 and three values of A as 100, 2 and 1 respectively.

3. a) Write a generalized matlab program to find the (S/N)
D
for Uniform Quantization and Non Uniform
Quantization in PCM for the values of q (the no of quantization level), S
x
(the normalized source signal
transmitted power) and (the positive constant for -law compression used for non uniform quantization)
respectively, where q, S
x
and are to be inputted from the keyboard. Assume signal pdf to be Laplacian. b)
Write a matlab program to plot a curve between s (the slope loading factor which vary between ln(2b) to 8)
and (S/N)
D
in dB for DM system for b=8 and b=16 respectively, where (S/N)
D
=
2
rms
2
3
2
w
w
s
1
b

6
| || |
| || |

| || |


\ \\ \
| || |
;
Assume
rms
w
w
= 3
4. Write a matlab program to find
x
and
2
x
,
2
x , x for Gaussian pdf, Rayleigh pdf, Laplacian pdf and
Uniform pdf respectively.

5. Using Matlab Simulink Model show a scheme to generate the following line codes: a) Differential encoding
signal. b)Unipolar/On-Off signaling and c) Polar signaling.

6. Design the following parity checker and parity generator circuit using 74180 an-8-bit Parity Generator and
Checker IC and any other gate required. a) 8-bit EVEN/ODD Parity Checker circuit. b) 9-bit EVEN/ODD
Parity Checker circuit. c) 9-bit EVEN/ODD Parity Generator circuit. d) 10-bit EVEN/ODD Parity Generator
circuit.

7. Draw a schematic for simulation using Multisim 10 to generate a sequence of 8-bit serial output data using a
Multiplexer and Mod-8 counter to be realized by any counter chip. Hence convert each serial output bit of the
multiplexer into binary ASK waveform as binary ASK modulator output.

8. Draw a schematic for simulation using Multisim 10 to generate a sequence of 8-bit serial output data using a
Multiplexer and Mod-8 counter to be realized by any counter chip. Hence convert each serial output bit of the
multiplexer into binary FSK waveform as binary FSK modulator output.

9. Draw a schematic for simulation using Multisim 10 to generate a sequence of 8-bit serial output data using a
Multiplexer and Mod-8 counter to be realized by any counter chip. Hence convert each serial output bit of the
multiplexer into binary PSK waveform as binary PSK modulator output.
Digital Communication Laboratory (ECE-551), ECE Department, NIT Durgapur

10. A source delivers binary digits 0 and 1 with equal probabilities into a noisy channel at a rate of 100 symbols/sec. The
transition probabilities of the channel are as shown in Fig (a) below. Find then rate at which the information is received.


0
31/32
0

1/32

Source (x)
1/32
Receiver (y)
1 1

31/32

Write a matlab program to find H(x), H(y), H(x/y), H(y/x), I(x,y), I(y,x), P(x1,y1), P(x2,y1), P(x1,y2),
P(x2,y2) and the channel capacity of the above binary channel. According to the above figure take P(x1)
=P(x2) = 0.5, P(y1/x1) = 31/32, P(y1/x2) = 1/32, P(y2/x1) = 1/32 and P(y2/x2) = 31/32

11. Write a matlab program a) to define self-information and hence plot self-information as a function of
probability and b) to define entropy of a binary source having maximum entropy and hence plot entropy as a
function of probability.

12. a) Write a generalized Matlab program (without using any built in Matlab function) to generate (n, k)
Systematic Linear Block code, where the Generator Matrix of order (n, m) is to be inputted from the
keyboard and set of 2^k number of data vectors are also to be inputted from the keyboard, where each code
vector is of length n and each data vector is of length k. Construct (6,3) systematic linear block code assuming
a generator matrix G =
(
(
(

1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 0 1
b) Write a generalized Matlab program using matlab function to
encode k-bit message into n-bit systematic linear block code and also decode this n-bit systematic linear block
code to recover the k-bit message. Encode the all-possible 3-bit message vector into 6-bit Systematic Linear
Block code. Assume generator matrix as G =
(
(
(

1 0 1 1 0 0
1 1 0 0 1 0
0 1 1 0 0 1
.

13. Draw a schematic for simulation using Circuitmaker 4.0/ Circuitmaker 2000 to implement and generate (6, 3)
Systematic Linear Block Code Encoder, where no of message bits are 3 and each message is encoded into 6-
bit code.

14. Write a matlab program a) to calculate the entropy and entropy rate of a telegraphic source having P
dot
=2/3,

dot
=0.2 Sec, P
dash
= 1/3 and
dash
= 0.4 Sec. b) to calculate the entropy of a source which emits six messages
with probabilities 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32 and 1/32, respectively.

15. Write a Matlab Program in MATLAB 7.6 to encode each k-bit message into n-bit code using CRC check
scheme of error detection, where m = n-k = Frame Check Sequence bits. Use m+1 bits as predetermined
divisor.

16. Write a matlab program using Matlab 7.6 to encode no of messages emitted by DMLS with given probabilities
into compact Huffman r-ary code. Hence determine the number of reduction required, Average length,
Entropy, percentage Efficiency, percentage Redundancy and Variance of the code.

17. Write a matlab program to encode a given 4-bit message into general class of cyclic code and also decode this
encoded cyclic code back to original 4-bit message.

18. Write a generalized matlab program to encode a given k-bit message into systematic cyclic code, where each
code is of length n. Use maximum weight generator polynomial and also decode this encoded n-bit
systematic cyclic code back to k-bit code. For 4-bit data vectors 1 0 1 0, 1 1 1 0 and 1 0 0 1 respectively, find
Digital Communication Laboratory (ECE-551), ECE Department, NIT Durgapur
the 7-bit Systematic Cyclic code. Also using matlab program show how the above message vector can be
decoded for systematic cyclic code.
19. a) Write a matlab program to express Q- function as a function of x, where
(

= )
2
( 1 ( 5 . 0 ) (
x
erf x Q .
Also plot x Vs Q(x) curve by varying x from 0 to 100 by an increment of 0.1. b) For P
e
= 10
-8
, 10
-9
and 10
-10

respectively. Solve for the values of x, where P
e

= Q(x)

20. Write a matlab program a) to plot the probability of error P
e
as a function of for Coherent BASK, BPSK,
BFSK and QPSK system assuming T
b
= 0.001 sec and signal amplitude A= 10
-3
volt. Vary from 10
-10
to 10
-8

by an increment of 10
-6
Watt/Hz. b) to plot the probability of error P
e
as a function of S
av
in Db for Coherent
BASK, BPSK, BFSK and QPSK system assuming T
b
= 0.001 sec and noise power spectral density = 10
-10

Watt /Hz. Vary average signal power from 0.0000001 watt to 0.01 watt by an increment of 0.00001

21. a) Write a Matlab program to encode any 5-bit message 1 0 1 1 1 into Hamming code using ODD parity.
b) Write a Matlab program to encode any 5-bit message 1 0 1 1 1 into Hamming code using EVEN parity.

22. Write a generalized matlab program to find probabilities for different no of repetition bits and also plot a curve
- No of repetition bits M Vs Probability of error Pe. Assume number of repetition bits as 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13
to be inputted from the keyboard and bit error probability p to be inputted from the keyboard.
23. Write a generalized Matlab program to find the nearest quantized values of a signal from its sampled values
for a particular value of no of quantization level. Input sample values and no of quantization level to be used
from the keyboard. Also plot the quantizer characteristics and plot the curve showing the variation of
Quantization error with sampled values. Hence determine the numerical value of quantization error.
24. Draw and simulate a schematic using Multisim to transmit analog signal digitally using sampler and A/D
converter and receiving the analog signal at the receiver using D/A converter and reconstruction Low Pass
Filter at the receiver. Implement sampling by multiplying sinusoidal signal with sampling signal i.e. a clock
signal source.
25. a) Draw and simulate schematic which will realize DPSK transmitter and receive without considering noise
present at the input of the receiver. Also show the outputs at different points of your schematic. b) Repeat the
problem to show the effect of band limited Gaussian noise at the input of the DPSK receiver at its output.

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