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Form 6 AL Chemistry Assignment 2 -- Stoichiometry

You may found the following constants useful : Gas constant, R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1 Avogadro constant, L = 6.02 x 1023 mol-1 Molar volume of gas = 22.4 dm3 at s.t.p. = 24 dm3 under room condition (where s.t.p. is expressed approximately as 273 K and 101 kPa) You should refer to your periodic table for relative atomic mass values. Part A - Stoichiometry & Titrimetry 1. 2. A mixture containing 2.8 g of iron and 2.0 g of sulphur is heated together. What mass of iron(II) sulphide is produced ? Solid X undergoes complete thermal dissociation according to the following equation : X(s) Y(g) + Z(s) 3 On heating 4.9 g of solid X, 1.4 dm of gas Y and 2.3 g of solid Z are obtained at room temperature and pressure. What is the relative molecular mass of Y ? 3. What volume of 0.5 M sulphuric acid is required to liberate 4.8 dm3 of carbon dioxide at room temperature and pressure from excess solid sodium hydrogencarbonate ? 100 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid was diluted accurately to 1000 cm3 with distilled water. The diluted acid was titrated against 25 cm3 of 0.5 M sodium carbonate, which required 27.2 cm3 of acid for neutralization, using methyl orange indicator. What was the concentration of the original acid ? 4.15 g of a sample of hydrated sodium carbonate, of formula Na2CO3 n H2O, are dissolved in water and the solution made up to 250 cm3. With methyl orange as indicator, 25 cm3 of this solution require 29.0 cm3 of 0.05 M sulphuric acid for neutralization. Calculate n, the number of water of crystallization, in the sample of sodium carbonate hydrate. 2.17 g of oxalic acid crystals H2C2O4 2 H2O were made up to 250 cm3 of solution. 25 cm3 of the solution required 29.3 cm3 of 0.119 M sodium hydroxide solution for complete neutralization. Find the basicity of the acid. What is the percentage purity of anhydrous sodium carbonate in a sample so that 4.77 g of the sample requires 31.5 cm3 of 1.0 M sulphuric acid for complete neutralization ?

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Part B - Chemical Formulae 8. A sample of a hydrated compound was analysed and found to contain 2.10 g of cobalt, 1.14 g of sulphur, 2.28 g of oxygen and 4.50 g of water. Calculate its empirical formula. An organic compound was analysed and was found to have the following percentage composition by mass : 48.8 % carbon, 13.5 % hydrogen and 37.7 % nitrogen. Calculate the empirical formula of the compound.

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10. Complete combustion of a hydrocarbon, Z, gives 0.66 g of carbon dioxide and 0.36 g of water. What is the empirical formula of Z ? 11. A known mass of pure iron powder is heated strongly in a crucible, opening and closing the lid from time to time until the reaction was complete. The content after cooling was then reweighed and the following results were obtained : Mass of crucible + lid Mass of crucible + lid + iron powder before heating Mass of crucible + lid + content after cooling Calculate the empirical formula of the oxide of iron from the above data. 12. The organic compound X, which contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only, was found to have a relative molecular mass of about 85. When 0.43 g of X is burned in excess oxygen, 1.10 g of carbon dioxide and 0.45 g of water are formed. Determine the empirical and molecular formula of X. 25.27 g 26.16 g 26.50 g

Part C - Gases 13. When 0.32 g of liquid bromine is volatilized, the volume of vapour formed, measured at s.t.p., is 45 cm3 . Calculate the relative molecular mass of bromine. 14. An hydrocarbon Y contains 85.7 % carbon by mass. At 100 C, 0.24 g of Y occupied 134 cm3 at a pressure of 101 kPa. Calculate (i) the molecular mass of Y; and (ii) its molecular formula. 15. At 360 K and 101 kPa pressure, the vapour produced by 0.226 g of a volatile liquid occupies 85.0 cm3. Assuming that the vapour behaves ideally, calculate the molar mass of the liquid. 16. 1.0 g of a saturated hydrocarbon gave 200 cm3 of vapour at 250C and 101.3 kPa. Determine its molecular formula. 17. A volatile fluoride MFx contains 32.4 % of fluorine by mass. When vaporized, 8.80 g of the compound displaces 600 cm3 of air measured at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Calculate (i) the relative molecular mass of MFx ; (ii) the value of x ; and (iii) the relative atomic mass of M. 18. Some ammonia in a syringe is completely decomposed to nitrogen and hydrogen by passing it over heated iron wool. If the total pressure is then 300 kPa, calculate the partial pressure of each gas. 19. A 600 cm3 vessel contains 0.0232 g of nitrogen and 0.0417 g of carbon monoxide at 23C. Calculate the total pressure (in atm) and the partial pressure of each gas. 20. A mixture of two hydrocarbons, propene (C3H6) and butene (C4H8) is vaporized. 0.561 g of the mixture displaces 300 cm3 of air measured at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. (a) Calculate the average relative molecular mass of the hydrocarbon mixture. (b) Find the composition of each of the two hydrocarbons in the mixture. Answers 1) 4.4 g 5) 10 9) C3H10N2 13) 159.8 16) C15H32 19) 0.094 atm PCO = 0.0604 atm PN2 = 0.0336 atm 2) 44.6 6) 2 10) C3H8 14) 55.0 ; C4H8 17) (a) 359 ; (b) 6 ; (c) 245 20) (a) 45.87 (b) propene : 72.4 % butene : 27.6 % 3) 0.2 dm3 7) 70.0 % 11) Fe3O4 15) 78.8 gmol-1 18) PN2 = 75 kPa ; PH2 = 225 kPa 4) 9.19 M 8) CoSO47H2O 12) C5H10O ; C5H10O

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