TENSES

PRESENT TENSES Simple Present Tense Every, every day, in the morning, at night, once a week, twice a day, four times a month, on Sunday. (+) : S + V1 + O ( ) : S + !o"does + not + V1 + O (#) : !o"does + S + V1 + O Present Continuous Tense $ow, right now, tomorrow. (+) : S + is"am"are + Ver% + ing + O ( ) : S + is"am"are + not + Ver% + ing + O (#) : is"am"are + S + Ver% + ing + O Present Perfect Tense (+) : S + has"have + %een + O S + has"have + V& + O ( ) : S + has"have + not + %een + O S +has"have + not + V& + O (#) : 'ave"has + S +V& + O 'ave"has + S + %een + O Present Perfect Continuous Tense (or dan since. (+) : S + has"have + %een + ver% +ing ( ) : S + has"have + not + %een + ver% + ing (#) : 'as"have + S + %een + ver% + ing

PAST TENSES Simple Past Tense )esterday, the other day, *ust now, the day %efore yesterday, this afternoon. (+) : S + was"were + ad*"noun S + V+ (d"ed)+ O ( ) : S + was"were + not + ad*"noun S + did + not + V1 + O (#) : ,as"were + S + ad*"noun !id + S + V1 + O Past Continuous Tense (+) : S + was"were + ver% ing + O ( ) : S + was"were + not + ver% ing + O (#) : was"were + S + ver% ing + O Past Perfect Tense -fter, %efore, a.ready, as soon as, *ust, yet, unti., ti.., %y the time that, / wish, as if"though, if on.y. (+) : S + had + V& + O ( ) : S+ had + not + V& + O (#) : 'ad + S + V& + O Past Perfect Continuous Tense (+) : S + had + %een + ver% ing + O ( ) : S + had + not + %een + ver% ing + (#) : 'ad + S + %een + O FUTURE TENSES Simple Future Tense (+) : S + wi.."sha.. + V1 + O S + am"is"are + going to + V1 + O
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( ) : S + wi.."sha.. + V1 + O S + am"is"are +not+ going to + V1 + O (#) : ,i.."sha.. + S + V1 + O -m"is"are + S + going to + V1 + O Future Continuous Tense (+) : S + wi.."sha.. + %e + ver% ing + O ( ) : S + wi.."sha.. + not + ver% ing + O (#) : ,i.."sha.. + S + %e + ver% ing + O Future Perfect Tense 0efore, %y tomorrow " 1 o2c.ock " ne3t month, unti. " ti... (+) : S+ sha.."wi.. +have + %een + ad*"noun S + sha.."wi.. + have + V& + O ( ) : S + sha.."wi.. + not + %een + ad*"noun S + sha.."wi.. + not + have + V& + O (#) : Sha.."wi.. + S+ %een + ad*"noun Sha.."wi.. + S + have + V& + O Future Perfect Continuous Tense 0y tomorrow " 4 o2c.ock, 5his year " month " week, $e3t year " month " week. (+) : S + sha.."wi.. + have + %een + ver% ing + O ( ) : S + sha.."wi.. + not + have + %een + ver% ing + O (#) : Sha.."wi.. + S + have + %een + ver% ing + O PAST FUTURE TENSES Past Future Tense (+) : S + shou.d"wou.d + %e + O S + shou.d"wou.d + V1 + O ( ) : S + shou.d"wou.d + not + %e + O S + shou.d"wou.d + not + V1 + O (#) : Shou.d"wou.d + S + %e + O Shou.d"wou.d + S + V1 + O
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 Past Future Continuous Tense (+) : S + shou.d"wou.d + %e + ver% ing + O ( ) : S + shou.d"wou.d + not + %e + ver% ing + O (#) : Shou.d"wou.d + S + %e + ver% ing + O Past Future Perfect Tense (+) : S + shou.d"wou.d + have + %een + ad*"noun S + shou.d"wou.d + have + V& + O ( ) : S + shou.d"wou.d + not + have + %een+ ad*"noun S + shou.d"wou.d + not + have + V& + O (#) : Shou.d"wou.d + S + have + %een + ad*"noun Shou.d"wou.d + S + have + V& + O Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense (+) : S + shou.d"wou.d + have + %een + ver% ing + O ( ) : S + shou.d"wou.d + not + have + %een+ ver% ing + O (#) : Shou.d"wou.d + S + have + %een + ver% ing + O
S / )O9 5'E) ,E 'E S'E /5 " 8E )O9 5'E8 9S '/8 'E: /5 T" #E -8 -:E -:E -:E /S /S /S AD$ 8) )O9: 5'E/: O9: '/S 'E: /5S N"UN 8/$E )O9:S 5'E/:S O9:S '/S 'E:S /5S %A&E'%AS '-VE '-VE '-VE '-VE '-S '-S '-S D"'D"ES !O !O !O !O !OES !OES !OES (AS'(ERE ,-S ,E:E ,E:E ,E:E ,-S ,-S ,-S

CATATAN: 'e, She, /t 67 Ver% + s " es /, )ou, 5hey, ,e 67 V1 READIN

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1. 5he main idea of the ;assage is that 6 gagasan utama dari %agian ini ada.ah %ahwa +. 5he %est tit.e for the ;assage is 6 <udu. ter%aik untuk %agian ini ada.ah &. ,hich of the fo..owing %est e3;resses the main idea of the ;assage 6 8anakah dari %erikut yang ter%aik mengeks;resikan gagasan utama dari %agian ini =. -ccording to the ;assage 6 8enurut %agian ini >. 5he author indicates 6 ?enu.is menun*ukkan @. ,hich of the fo..owing is true a%out 6 mana dari %erikut ini yang %enar mengenai 1. -.. of the fo..owing are mentioned 6 Semua ha. %erikut dise%utkan 4. /t can %e inferred from the ;assage 6 'a. ini da;at disim;u.kan dari %agian itu ")*ects "f Prepositions (in, at, of, to, %y %ehind, to) Participles Present participle +acti,e participle8enggunakan akhiran Aing dari kata ker*a, misa.nya %urning, working, .oving, sitting, standing, s.ee;ing. Past participle +passi,e participle- have, has, having, had 8enggunakan akhiran Aed, en, d, t, n dari kata ker*a, misa.nya worked, wrecked, .oved, %roken, sto.en, written. have, has, having, had + ?ast ;artici;.e Coor.inate Connectors (and, %ut, or, so) S + V and"%ut"or"so S+V

A.,er) Clause Connectors TI0E CAUSE -fter 0ecause -s Since 0efore Since 9nti. ,hen ,hi.e S V -dver% S V -dver% S V B S V C"NDITI"N /f ,hether C"NTRAST -.though Even 5hough 5hough ,hi.e

Noun Clause Connectors ,hat, when, where, why, how, whether, if, that S V $oun C.ause Connectors S V Da.au ,' Euestionnya menggunakan 8oda. (Can, ,i.., ,ou.d, 8ight, Shou.d, etc), maka moda. terse%ut harus di .etakan sete.ah kata ker*a (Ver%). Da.au ,' Euestionnya menggunakan 5o 0e (am, is, are, was, were) maka 5o 0e terse%ut di .etakan sete.ah Su%*ect. Contoh : / am not sure where I can go to Fondon. / am not sure what I should do for her. Noun Clause Connectors ' Su)*ects ,ho, what, which S V $oun C.ause Connectors " Su%*ects V A.*ecti,e Clause Connectors ,hom (for ;eo;.e), ,hich (for things), 5hat (for ;eo;.e or things) S V -d*ective C.ause Connectors S V S -d*ective C.ause Connectors S V V
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A.*ecti,e Clause Connectors ' Su)*ects ,ho (for ;eo;.e), ,hich (for things), 5hat (for ;eo;.e or things) S V -d*ective C.ause Connectors " Su%*ects V S -d*ective C.ause Connectors " Su%*ects V V Su)*ect'&er) A2reement After E3pressions "f 4uantit5 (a.., most, some, ha.f, ;art +O s) Parallel Structure (it6 Coor.inate Con*unctions (and, %ut, or) Parallel Structure (it6 Paire. Con*unctions 0oth ..... and, either ..... or, neither ....nor, not on.y ..... %ut a.so Sin2ular An. Plural Nouns Singu.ar $ouns (each, every, sing.e, one, a) ?.ura. $ouns (%oth, two, many, severa., various) Counta)le An. Uncounta)le Nouns Counta%.e $ouns (many, num%er, few, fewer) 9ncounta%.e $ouns (much, amount, .itt.e, .ess)

READIN
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5he .argest diamond ever found is the Cu..inan !iamond. 5his diamond weighed &,1G@ carats in its uncut state when it was discovered inSouth -fricaon <anuary +>, 1HG>. 5he Cu..inan !iamond was cut into H ma*or stones and H@ sma..er ones. 5he .argest of the cut Fine stones, and sti.. the .argest cut diamond in the wor.d, is the ;ear sha;ed Cu..inan / at >&G carats. (>) 5his diamond, which is a.so known as the Ireater Star of -frica, is more than+ inches(>.= cm) .ong and1.1> inches(=.= cm) wide. /t %ecame ;art of the 0ritish crown *ewe.s in 1HG1.
1. +.

,hat is the %est tit.e for this ;assage# (!) 5he 0ritish Crown <ewe.s 5he word JuncutK in .ine + is c.osest in meaning to which of the fo..owing# (0) 9nnatura. 5he word JdiscoveredK in .ine + is c.osest in meaning to# (!) weighed /t can %e inferred from the ;assage that the Cu..inan !iamond was cut into how many tota. stones# (-) H 5he word Jma*orK in .ine & cou.d %est %e re;.aced %y# (C) natura. ,hich of the fo..owing is $O5 true a%out Cu..inan /# (C) /t is the %iggest cut diamond in the wor.d. -.. of the fo..owing are true a%out the sha;e of the Ireater Star of -frica ELCE?5 that# (C) it is .onger than it is wide -ccording to the ;assage, what ha;;ened to Cu..inan /# (!) /t %ecame the ;ro;erty of the 0ritish :oya. fami.y.

&. =.

>. @.

1.

4.

H. ,here in the ;assage does the author mention the Cu..inan !iamond2s weight when it was mined# (!) Fine @