Standard Deviants: Learn Public Speaking

Part I: Preparing to Speak (0:00-3 :!0" Section #: $ommunication #ppre%ension (Stage &rig%t"

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What are four steps to overcome communication apprehension (stage fright)? 1. Admit to yourself that youre nervous 2. Think a out !hat youre going to say and !hat effect youll have on your audience ". Act confident #. $tart strong and end strong Section ': Supporting (aterials What are the four %uestions you should ask yourself a out support materials? &s it . . . 1. accurate? 2. specific? ". clear? #. relevant? What are the three categories of factual materials? 1. facts 2. definitions ". statistics 'ame at least three other types of supporting materials descri ed in the video( e)amples* illustrations* anecdotes* testimony Section $: )rgani*ing +our Presentation: T!o steps to organi+e your speech( 1. identify main ideas 2. make an outline ,ost speeches contain ----2./--------- main ideas. 0our strongest idea should e at the ---- eginning--------------- or the ----end-------. Three types of !ays to organi+e the main ideas of your speech( 1. chronological( put the things in the order they happen 2. topical( ideas arranged y topic ". cause1effect( identifies causes and determines effects of a particular situation or identify the effects and revealing the causes

2utlines( use 3oman 'umerals to organi+e your outline 1. &ntroduction 2. 4ody ". 5onclusion &ntroduction( four components :)ample of outline for ody of speech &. 4ody A. 0ou have to e !ary of your environment !hen visiting 'e! 0ork. 1. ,y friend mugged at AT, (anecdote) 2. 2<= of all tourists are ro ed at the us station (statistic) 4. 0ou have to e !ary of the people around you !hen traveling in 'e! 0ork. 1. :)ample 2. $tatistic (continue pattern)

1. attention getter startling statistic6 %uestion6 finding something you have in common !ith the audience6 anecdote6 make a comparison6 rhetorical %uestion6 %uotation 2. statement of purpose give audience your thesis ". statement of relevance tell ho! topic relates to your audience6 sho!s importance of speech #. previe! of ody summari+e main points you !ill e making 5onclusion

A. summari+e main points Tell them !hat you told them and e rief 4. restate your purpose Tell audience !hat you !ant them to do or elieve 5. call audience to action ,otivates the audience and urges them to act 7. round off 8ives your speech a alanced* circular feel6 someho! connect speech ack to attention. getter at eginning Things you can include in conclusion( %uotation6 challenging the audience6 offer a utopian vision (positive idea of !hat could happen if action is taken) 9ersuasive $peech( ,onroes ,otivated $e%uence( 1. attention( gra your audiences attention 2. need( demonstrates that the audience needs to kno!1do something ". satisfaction( present your ans!er1solution to the need in step 2 #. visuali+ation( get the audience to visuali+e ho! things might e if they see if your !ay can e positive (!hat !ill e etter if they do things your !ay) or negative (!hat might go !rong if they do not do things your !ay) /. action( tell audience !hat they have to do to satisfy the need you present Transitions 1. 8ood transitions provide a link et!een t!o ideas 2. :)amples( 'ot only;* ut.... also* so* in addition to; * furthermore; * ho!ever;

Standard Deviants: Learn Public Speaking

Part ,-o: Delivering .our speec% (3 :!0-/ :00"

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Section #: St.le: a pattern o0 c%oices t%at distinguis% .our speec% 1. 5larity...the more concrete !ords and images* the clearer the speech .>imit use of technical terms1?argon .speak in the active voice 2. 3hythm...the sense of movement or pacing !ithin the speech .repetition( emphasi+es key points* enhances memory* and helps understanding .antithesis( pairing of opposites together .parallel !ording( !ord pattern that is easy for audience to anticipate ". &magery...makes speech vivid .similes and metaphors .onomatopoeia Section ': Deliver. ,%e (oments o0 ,rut% 9hysical Aspects( 1. Appearance( think a out !hat you !ear (dress slightly more formally than the audience) 2. 9osture( stand up straight* ut not rigid6 dont shift1cross legs6 dont lean on podium6 stand !ith feet shoulder.!idth apart ". 4ody 9lacement( occasionally step a!ay from podium #. 8estures( movements of hands and arms to emphasi+e ideas6 e a!are of fidgeting hands1arms /. @acial e)pressions( make sure facial e)pressions are appropriate to topic of speech (only smile !hen appropriate) A. :ye contact( mentally divide the room into ".# parts and shift your attention et!een them Bocal Bariation 1. Bolume( match volume to the location of your speechC alance et!een too loud and too soft change volume throughout the speech .raise volume to emphasi+e important point .lo!ering volume causes the audience to concentrate 2. 9itch( can e raised or lo!er for emphasis 3ela) to keep stress from tensing vocal chords( take deep controlled reaths* ya!n s!allo!6 3ela) your shoulder muscles6 pro?ect voice using your diaphragm (a dominal muscles)* not your throat Avoid monotone (no variation in pitch) ". 3ate( the speed at !hich you speak !hen you get nervous* your rate can increase slo! do!n your rate of speech y using controlled reathing dont go too slo! or your audience !ill get ored #. :nunciation( precision and distinctness dont overly enunciateCtry to speak distinctly* ut naturally

/. 9ronunciation( if you mispronounce !ords* the audience !ill dou t you