Name: Stephen T. Adair Student ID Number: 2060329784 Email Address: adair.steve@gmail.com Course Name: The Doctrine o the !

ol" Spirit Course Number: #T $73 %S&303 Assignment Number: Assignment 2 Audio Number: #'A Project Number: #'A Date of seminar (if applicable): #'A Course instructor for seminar (if applicable): Location of seminar (if applicable): #'A !"e #odule Number$ Audio Number (if applicable)$ and Project Number (if applicable) must be accurate in order to process t"e lesson and record t"e grade% !"e correct information is stated in t"e Course Stud& 'uide% ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( Stud& 'uide Code)Date)*ersion found on t"e first page of t"e Stud& 'uide: 20(20404 Degree Program: )A in *i+lical St,dies Address: -. *o/ 2(32 Cit&: )ossel *a" State: 0estern 1ape +ip: 6$00 Countr&: So,th A rica !elep"one: 227 44 690 $(33 ((((((((((((((((((((End of Co,ers"eet(((((((((((((((((((( PLEASE !-PE !.E /E01I/E#EN!S 23/ !.IS LESS3N S14#ISSI3N AS !.E- APPEA/ IN -31/ S!1D- '1IDE .E/E

Choose an aspect of the material in the course that is of special interest to you and write a 2000-2250 word (8-9 page) research paper detailing your findings. Here are some topics to consider the pre-reformation era understanding of pneumatology! the reformation era understanding of pneumatology! the "iews of one leading contemporary theologian concerning pneumatology! or the wor# of the $pirit in fostering holiness in the li"es of %elie"ers. &e sure to anchor opinions you e'press and assertions you ma#e to the information presented in the assigned readings and at least ten other rele"ant( scholarly sources (e.g. theological wor#s( e'egetical commentaries( scholarly )ournal articles( and academic monographs)( including sources found in the Harold *. Hunter +heological ,i%rary (all formally cited according to the appro"ed style). +he goal is not to summari-e and .uote (whether e'tensi"ely or fre.uently) what others ha"e said. /ather( it is to integrate and assimilate information from outside reading and research into the flow of your own cogent( creati"e( insightful( and wellorgani-ed discussion. 0nclude an outline (for e'ample( an introduction( se"eral main points( and a conclusion) within the %ody of your paper and a %i%liography at the end of all wor#s formally cited within the same.

*A-T%S) %# T!3 !.45 S-%&%T %#T&.D61T%.# A major t"eological matter t"at continues to di,ide t"e C"ristian C"urc" concerns t"e nature of 54aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit6% *ie7s are numerous$ differing not onl& bet7een$ but also 7it"in doctrinal sc"ools% 2or e8ample$ /eformed !"eolog& does not "a,e a 7ell(defined$ definiti,e ,ie7 of 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit 9$ but is di,ided bet7een t"ose t"at follo7 Cal,in and "old a /egenerati,e ,ie7:$ and t"ose t"at follo7 Lut"er and "old a Sacramentalist ,ie7 ;% #oreo,er$ C"arismatics are found in man& t"eological sc"ools and 7"ilst t"e& s"are belief in c"arismatic spiritual e8periences$ t"e& "old different ,ie7s concerning baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit<%

=al,oord$ >% '%$ 5!"e Augustian(Dispensational Perspecti,e6$ in: Dieter$ #% E%$ Five Views on Sanctification$ Counterpoints: 4ible and !"eolog& Series$ +onder,an$ 9?@A$ p:99% : C"ung$ P%$ 5Cal,in and t"e .ol& Spirit: A /econsideration in Lig"t of Spiritualit& and Social Et"ics6$ Pnuema ( !"e >ournal of t"e Societ& for Pentecostal Studies$ *ol% :<$ No% 9$ Spring :BB:$pp<B(CC% ; 3ld$ .% 3%$ 54aptism6$ in: #cDim$ D% D%$ The Westminster Handbook to Reformed Theology $ =estminster >o"n Dno8 Press$ :BB9$ pp9:(9CE -un$ D% D%$ 5=ater 4aptism and Spirit 4aptism: Pentecostals and Lut"erans in Dialogue6$ Dialog: A >ournal of !"eolog&$ *ol% <;$ No% <%$ =inter :BB<$ pp;<<(;C9% < 2or instance$ some C"arismatics "old classical Pentecostal ,ie7s (see for instance: =illiams$ >% /%$ Renewal Theology: Systematic Theology from a harismatic !ers"ective $ +onder,an$ 9??F$ pp:BA( ;BF)E 7"ilst ot"ers "old Sacramentalist ,ie7s (see for instance: Lindberg$ C%$ The Third Reformation: harismatic #ovements and the $%theran Tradition$ #ercer 1ni,ersit& Press$ 9?@;$ pp::;(::C)%
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!"is paper seeGs to e8plore t"ese ,arious ,ie7s b& e8amining t"e scriptural basis for eac" ,ie7 and discussing t"eir ,arious strengt"s and 7eaGnesses% Discussion is restricted to t"e e8perience of 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit$ and is not concerned 7it" spiritual giftings$ 7"ic" is be&ond t"e scope of t"is paper%

6SA73 .8 T!3 T3&) 9*A-T%S) %# T!3 S-%&%T: !"e term 5baptised in t"e .ol& Spirit6 ne,er used directl& to describe a specific e,ent C$ "o7e,er$ in Acts 99:9F$ Peter associates 54aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit6 7it" t"e e8perience in 7"ic" t"e .ouse of Cornelius 5recei,ed6 t"e .ol& Spirit$ impl&ing similarit& 7it" e8periences on t"e Da& of Pentecost% !"us t"ere is some degree of s&non&m& bet7een baptism$ being filled$ recei,ing and t"e .ol& Spirit coming upon an indi,idual F% !"e p"rase 54aptism in)7it")b& t"e .ol& Spirit6 occurs just se,en times in Ne7 !estament scripturesA% !"e first four occurrences of t"e term are four independent Huotations of a single utterance of >o"n t"e 4aptist at >esusI baptism$ 7"en >o"n prop"esies t"at >esus 7ould baptise in t"e .ol& Spirit and 7it" fire% In Acts$ t"e p"rase occurs on >esus lips$ 7"ere .e promises .is disciples t"at t"e& 7ould recei,e t"is baptism in 5a fe7 da&s6%

It is not used to describe t"e recei,ing of t"e Spirit on t"e Da& of Pentecost$ b& Samaritans or b& t"e .ouse of Cornelius% F L&on$ /% =%$ 54aptism and Spirit 4aptism in t"e Ne7 !estament6$ =esle&an !"eological >ournal *ol% 9<$ No% 9$ 9?A?$ pp9<(:F% A )att 3;(( (5I baptise &ou 7it" 7ater for repentance% 4ut after me 7ill come one 7"o is more po7erful t"an I$ 7"ose sandals I am not fit to carr&% .e 7ill baptise &ou 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit and 7it" fire6)E )ar< (;8 (5I baptise &ou 7it" 7ater$ but "e 7ill baptise &ou 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit6)E 4,<e 3; (6 (>o"n ans7ered t"em all$ 5I baptise &ou 7it" 7ater% 4ut one more po7erful t"an I 7ill come$ t"e t"ongs of 7"ose sandals I am not 7ort"& to untie% .e 7ill baptise &ou 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit and 7it" fire6)E =ohn (;33 (5I 7ould not "a,e Gno7n "im$ e8cept t"at t"e one 7"o sent me to baptise 7it" 7ater told me$ J!"e man on 7"om &ou see t"e Spirit come do7n and remain is "e 7"o 7ill baptise 7it" t"e .ol& SpiritI6)E Acts (;$ (52or >o"n baptised 7it" 7ater$ but in a fe7 da&s &ou 7ill be baptised 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit6)E Acts ((;(6 (5!"en I remembered 7"at t"e Lord "ad said: J>o"n baptised 7it" 7ater$ but &ou 7ill be baptised 7it" t"e .ol& SpiritI6)E ( 1or. (2;(3 (2or 7e 7ere all baptised b& one Spirit into one bod&((7"et"er >e7s or 'reeGs$ sla,e or free((and 7e 7ere all gi,en t"e one Spirit to drinG)%
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!"e si8t" is a statement on PeterIs lips 7"ic" is remembering t"e earlier promises$ and so is in t"e future tense$ but is referring to t7o occurrences t"at are actuall& in t"e past$ ,iK% t"e Da& of Pentecost and t"e outpouring of t"e .ol& Spirit on t"e "ouse of Cornelius% !"e se,ent" occurs in 9 Corint"iansE t"is passage is t"e subject of debate as E8perientialists assert t"at t"is passage does not refer to baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit$ but baptism by t"e .ol& Spirit% Daiser@ and =al,oord? bot" note t"at t"e first fi,e instances all looG for7ard to t"e e,ent$ and in 9 Corint"ians is described as a past occurrence$ and argue t"at t"e e8perience of baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit 7as a single$ one(off uni,ersal e8perience t"at occurred at a specific point in "istor&$ and t"at baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit continues to occur at t"e initiation)regeneration of e,er& belie,er 7it"out repetition of t"e same e8perience% D3S1&%-T%.#S .8 *A-T%S) %# T!3 !.45 S-%&%T Sc"olars are generall& agree t"at t"ere four occurrences 7"ic" ma& be regarded as baptisms in t"e .ol& Spirit$ ,iK: The Da" o -entecost (Acts ::9(<;): 3n t"is occasion t"e .ol& Spirit descended on t"e indi,iduals gat"ered in t"e upper room 7it"out "uman mediation% !"e Spirit came in t7o tangible formsE firstl& t"ere 7as a sound liGe t"e 5blo7ing of ,iolent 7ind6 (:::)E secondl& t"ere 7ere ,isible tongues of fire on eac" indi,idual (::;)% !"e result of t"e e8perience 7as also tangible as eac" person spoGe in foreign languages 5as t"e Spirit enabled t"em6 (::<)% The Samaritan +elievers (Acts @:9<(9@): 3n t"is occasion t"e Spirit came t"roug" pra&er and t"e la&ing on of "ands b& t"e apostles (@:9C$ 9A(9@)% !"ere is no
@

Daiser$ =% C%$ 5!"e 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit as t"e Promise of t"e 2at"er: A /eformed Perspecti,e6$ in: Colle$ /% D%$ Dunning$ .% /%$ .art$ L%$ .orton$ S% #%$ Daiser$ =% C%$ 5!ers"ectives on S"irit &a"tism: Five Views$ 4roadman L .olman Publis"ers$ :BB<$ p:B% ? =al,oord$ >% '%$ 5!"e Augustian(Dispensational Perspecti,e6$ in: Dieter$ #% E%$ Five Views on Sanctification$ Counterpoints: 4ible and !"eolog& Series$ +onder,an$ 9?@A$ p:99%
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description of t"e actual e8perience of Samaritan C"ristians$ but t"ere 7as clearl& some tangible e,idence of t"e .ol& SpiritIs acti,it& as Simon$ 7"o 7as a magician t"at "ad impressed t"e populace 7it" "is magic po7ers$ 5sa76 somet"ing t"at impressed "im ,er& muc"% The !o,se o 1orneli,s (Acts 9B:<<(<@): At t"e "ouse of Cornelius$ t"e .ol& Spirit descended upon t"e 'entiles 7it"out "uman mediation% !"e e8perience "ad tangible results as t"ose gat"ered spoGe in tongues and praised 'od (9B:<@)% The 3phesian +elievers (Acts 9?:9(A): In Ep"esus$ Paul encountered a number of belie,ers$ 7"o "ad been taug"t about >esus b& Apollos% Paul first baptised t"e Ep"esian belie,ers into t"e name of >esus (9?:C)$ and t"en laid "ands on t"em and t"e& recei,ed t"e .ol& Spirit and t"e& spoGe in tongues and prop"esised (9?:F)% 2rom t"ese descriptions 7e ma& obser,e t"at eac" e8perience is uniHue 9BE on t"ree occasions t"ose baptised 7it" t"e Spirit 7ere alread& belie,ers 99E t7o occasions 7ere initiated entirel& b& t"e .ol& Spirit$ and t"e ot"er t7o in,ol,ed t"e la&ing on "ands b& t"e apostlesE on all occasions t"e e8perience 7as tangible to bot" t"e recipients and t"ose obser,ingE and on t"ree of t"e occasions t"e e8perience resulted in t"e recipients speaGing in tongues 9:%

D3S1&%-T%.#S .8 *3%#7 8%443D 0%T! T!3 !.45 S-%&%T !"e booG of Acts records fi,e additional e8periences of being 5filled6 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit% ="ilst t"ese occasions are ne,er described as baptisms in t"e .ol& Spirit$ t"e& are e8periences of t"e .ol& Spirit 7"ic"

9B

Loder notes t"at t"ere is no distinct pattern regarding Spirit baptismE See: Loder$ A%$ 5!"e Classical Pentecostal Doctrine of Spirit(baptism: Some E8egetical Considerations6$ MNOPQRPSTP$ Spring :BB:$ ppA;(@@% 99 Acts ::9(<;E Acts @:9<(9@E Acts 9?:9(A% 9: In t"e ot"er case (i%e% t"e Samaritans) t"ere is no direct description of t"e e8perience%
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Acts 4;8: =it"out "uman mediation$ Peter is again 5filled6 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit and speaGs 7it" boldness and clarit&%

Acts 4;3(: After pra&ing in t"e face of opposition from t"e aut"orities$ t"e belie,ers 7ere again 5filled6 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit and spoGe t"e 7ord of t"e Lord boldl&%

Acts 9;(7>20: ="en Ananias placed "is "ands on Paul$ "e 7as "ealed and filled 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit% As a result 7as Paul began preac"ing about >esus 5at once6 (9?::B) 9;%

Acts (3;9: Paul 7as again 5filled6 7it" t"e Spirit and spoGe prop"eticall& to El&mas%

Acts (3;$2: 2ollo7ing t"e e8pulsion of t"e Paul and 4arnabas from Pisidian Antioc"$ t"e ne7 belie,ers 7ere filled 7it" jo& and t"e .ol& Spirit%

Again$ from t"ese e8periences it ma& be obser,ed t"at eac" e8perience is uniHue$ is tangible to bot" t"e recipient and t"ose obser,ing$ and resulted in ,erbal response$ including speaGing 7it" boldness and clarit&$ preac"ing 7it" aut"orit&$ prop"ec& and e8pressions of jo&%

7&A))AT%1A4 1.#S%D3&AT%.#S 3n t"e first four occasions 7"en t"e 7ord 5baptise6 is used in connection 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit$ >esus in t"e subject$ indicating t"at it is >esus t"at 7ill baptise 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit% In t"e fift" (Acts 9:C)$ si8t" (Acts 99:9F) and se,ent" (9 Cor% 9::9;) uses of t"e term$ t"e subject is t"e disciplesE in ot"er 7ords t"e& are t"e recipients of t"e baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit% In eac" of t"ese cases$ t"e grammatical form indicates as single$ once off e,ent 9<%

9;

Some Pentecostals assert t"at t"is e8perience 7as PaulIs 4aptism in t"e .ol& SpiritE see: .orton$ S% #%$ What the &ible Says 'bo%t the Holy S"irit$ 'ospel Publis"ing .ouse$ 9??C$ p9CF% 9< Daiser$ =% C%$ 5!"e 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit as t"e Promise of t"e 2at"er: A /eformed Perspecti,e6$ in: Colle$ /% D%$ Dunning$ .% /%$ .art$ L%$ .orton$ S% #%$ Daiser$ =% C%$ 5 !ers"ectives on S"irit &a"tism: Five Views$ 4roadman L .olman Publis"ers$ :BB<$ p:B%
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4& contrast$ t"e term 5filled6 is used in different conte8ts% In Acts ::9$ 7"ic" describes Pentecost$ as 7ell as all ot"er occurrences in Acts 9C$ t"e aorist tense is used$ indicating a one off e,ent% .o7e,er$ in Ep"% C:9@$ 5filled6$ is in t"e imperati,e present tense$ indicating a continued or repeated e8perience9F% =ood noted t"at t"e t"eological implications of t"is ,erse are crucial$ as t"e imperati,e demonstrates t"at baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit is intended for all belie,ers$ and t"e present tense rules out an& once(for(all reception of t"e Spirit but points to a continuous replenis"ment (literall&$ 5go on being filled6) 9A% #oreo,er$ t"at belie,ers s"ould be continuousl& or repeatedl& 5filled6 7it" t"e Spirit is clear from scriptures suc" as Acts <:@E <:;9E ?:9AE 9;:?E and 9;:C:% !"us$ alt"oug" t"ere is a degree of s&non&m& bet7een t"e concepts of baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit and being filled 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit$ it ma& be argued t"at t"ere is also a distinction bet7een t"e t7o terms in t"at baptism is al7a&s addressed as a single one(off initiator& e,ent9@$ 7"ilst being filled 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit is e8pected to be a continuous or least repeated e8perience9?%

9C 9F

Acts <:@E <:;9E ?:9AE 9;:?E 9;:C:% Lincoln$ A% !% ("hesians$ =ord 4iblical Commentar&$ *ol% <:$ =ord 4ooGs Incorporated$ 9??B$ p;<<% 9A =ood$ A% S% 5Ep"esians6E In: 'aebelein$ 2% E%$ The ()"ositor*s &ible ommentary: ("hesians thro%gh !hilemon$ *ol% 99$ +onder,an Publis"ing .ouse$ 9?@9$ pA:% 9@ Lee stresses a difference bet7een baptism$ and ot"er language (filled$ came upon$ recei,ed$ or fell upon)$ noting t"at 7"ilst it is possible t"at t"ese terms are simpl& different metap"ors for t"e same realit&$ baptismal language is arguabl& distinct in terms of its significance as baptism 7as first(centur& language for being 5in6% See: Lee$ #%$ 5An E,angelical Dialogue on LuGe$ Sal,ation$ and Spirit 4aptism6$ PNE1#A: !"e >ournal of t"e Societ& for Pentecostal Studies$ *olume :F$ No% 9$ Spring :BB<$ pp@9(?@ 9? Pentecostals distinguis" bet7een 5baptism in t"e Spirit6$ 7"ic" is regarded as an initial e8perience of t"e person and po7er of t"e .ol& Spirit$ and being filled 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit$ 7"ic" is regarded as continual or repeated e8perience% See: =arrington$ D%$ !entecostal Theology: ' Theology of (nco%nter$ ! L ! ClarG$ :BB@$ p99C%
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D%S16SS%.# Sacramental ,ie7s of 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit$ suc" as t"ose ad"ered to b& 3rt"odo8 and Cat"olic !"eologies$ teac" t"at 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit (C"rism) is a sacramental matterE it is t"e 'ift of C"rist$ but is conferred upon t"e belie,er b& a minister t"roug" t"e anointing 7it" oil immediatel& after 7ater baptism :B (3rt"odo8 practice):9 or upon Confirmation (Cat"olic practice)::% 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit is regarded as distinct but intimatel& connected 7it" 7ater baptism:;$ 7it" bot" forming essential elements of t"e C"ristian initiation)regeneration process:<% Cat"olics$ separate baptism and C"rism more positi,el& b& associating it 7it" Confirmation$ but still regard t"e t7o e,ents as intimatel& connected :C% /egenerati,e ,ie7s of 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit$ suc" as t"ose promoted b& Cal,inism :F and Dispensationalism:A$ teac" t"at t"e .ol& Spirit is gi,en at t"e point of regeneration :@% =ater baptism is a distinct e8perience to baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit$ and is simpl& a p"&sical ordinance 7"ic" is practiced to demonstrate a spiritual baptism 7"ic" "as pre,iousl& taGen place:?%

:B :9

!&ne"$ C% S%$ +rthodo) hristianity: +verview and &ibliogra"hy$ No,a Publis"ers$ :BB;% p9BC% 3rt"odo8 C"ristians refer to baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit as 5C"rismation6$ and alt"oug" regarded as a separate sacrament to baptism is al7a&s performed immediatel& after baptism$ taGing >esusI baptism and subseHuent e8perience of t"e .ol& Spirit as a model% :: #cDonnell$ D%$ #ontague$ '% !%$ hristian ,nitiation and &a"tism in the Holy S"irit: (vidence from the First (ight ent%ries$ /e,ised Edition$ Liturgical Press$ 9??9$ p;CB% :; Das$ A% A%$ 5Acts @: =ater$ 4aptism$ and t"e Spirit$ Concordia >ournal6$ April 9??;$ pp9B@(9;<% :< Clendenin$ D% 4%$ (astern +rthodo) Theology: ' ontem"orary Reader$ 4aGer Academic$ :BB;$ p:<% :C >o"nson$ #% E%$ ,mages of &a"tism$ Issue F of 2orum essa&s$ Liturg& !raining Publications$ :BB9$ pp@9(@A% :F 4e,eridge$ .%$ ommentary %"on the 'cts of the '"ostles by -ohn alvin. Cal,in !ranslation Societ&$ 9@<<$ p:FE Po&t"ress$ *% S%$ 5!"e 4aptism of t"e .ol& Spirit ( ="at Does It #eanU Part II6$ !orc" and !rumpet$ /eformed 2ello7s"ip Inc%$ #arc" 9?F?$ pp9@(9?% :A +uber$ D% D%$ 5!"e 4aptism of t"e Spirit: A Defense of a Dispensational 1nderstanding of t"e P"rase6$ Conser,ati,e !"eological >ournal$ #a& :BBF$ ppC(9@% :@ Daiser$ =% C%$ 5!"e 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit as t"e Promise of t"e 2at"er: A /eformed Perspecti,e6$ in: Colle$ /% D%$ Dunning$ .% /%$ .art$ L%$ .orton$ S% #%$ Daiser$ =% C%$ 5 !ers"ectives on S"irit &a"tism: Five Views$ 4roadman L .olman Publis"ers$ :BB<$ p;F% :? Cal,in$ >%$ ,nstit%tes of the hristian Religion$ I*$ 8,$ 9(:%
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E8periential ,ie7s$ suc" as t"ose asserted b& t"e .oliness$ Pentecostal ;B and C"arismatic mo,ements;9$ teac" t"at 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit is distinct from bot" regeneration ;: and 7ater baptism;;% /at"er$ it is a subseHuent$ and significant e8perience 7"ic" pro,ides t"e belie,er 7it" deeper sense of assurance concerning "is relations"ip 7it" 'od ;<$ and eHuips "im 7it" po7er for 7orGs of 7itness ;C and ser,ice;F% !"us$ 7"ilst bot" Sacramental and /egenerati,e ,ie7s regard 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit as a spiritual action of t"e .ol& Spirit$ of 7"ic" t"e belie,er is not cognisant$ e8periential ,ie7s emp"asise t"e importance of t"e booG of Acts in understanding t"e nature of baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit ;A$ and regard 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit as a spiritual and tangible encounter 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit ;@% Dunn asserts t"at t"is ,ie7 is 7"oll& justified as t"e fact of e8perience in t"e scriptural accounts is too ob,ious to reHuire elaboration;?% Con,ersel&$ Stott argues t"at C"ristian teac"ing s"ould be determined from t"e didactic scriptures$ rat"er t"an from descripti,e narrati,e$ suc" as Acts <B% !"e problem 7it" StottIs position is t"reefold$ firstl& it appears to be contrar& to 9 !im% ;:9F$ secondl&$ it fails to recognise t"at didactic scriptures presupposed t"at belie,ers "ad prior e8perience of t"e .ol& Spirit$ and finall&$ it disallo7s all scriptural descriptions of t"e c"aracteristics of Spirit baptism 7"ic" are all recorded in Acts e8clusi,el&% As e8perience is al7a&s subjecti,e$ it s"ould be concluded t"at balanced ,ie7 is onl& possible b& considering

;B

4runer$ 2% D%$ ' Theology of the Holy S"irit: The !entecostal ()"erience and /ew Testament Witness$ =illiam 4 % Eerdmanns Publis"er$ 9?AB$ pCA% ;9 DVrGGVinen$ *% #%$ !ne%matology: The Holy S"irit in (c%menical. ,nternational and onte)t%al !ers"ective$ 4aGer Academic$ :BB:$ p@@% ;: 4loesc"$ D% '%$ The Holy S"irit: Works 0 1ifts$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :BBB$ p9@BE =arrington$ D%$ !entecostal Theology: ' Theology of (nco%nter$ ! L ! ClarG$ :BB@$ p9B<% ;; =illiams$ >% /%$ Renewal Theology: Systematic Theology from a harismatic !ers"ective $ +onder,an$ 9??F$ pp:BA(;BF% ;< Loder$ A%$ 5!"e Classical Pentecostal Doctrine of Spirit(baptism: Some E8egetical Considerations6$ MNOPQRPSTP$ Spring :BB:$ ppA;(@@% ;C #enKies$ /% P%$ 5LuGeIs 1nderstanding of 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit: A Pentecostal Dialogues 7it" t"e /eformed !radition6$ >ournal of Pentecostal !"eolog&$ *ol% 9F$ :BB@$ pp@FW9B9% ;F 2ee$ '% D%$ 1os"el and S"irit: ,ss%es in /ew Testament Hermene%tics $ .endricGson Publis"ers$ 9??9$ pp9(C(9BF% ;A See$ for instance: =alGer$ !% =%$ 5!"e 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit6E in: 4re7ster$ P%S%$ 5Pentecostal Doctrine6$ P% S 4re7ster$ 9?AF$ pp:A(;AE Duffield$ '% P%$ ,an Clea,e$ N% #%$ Fo%ndations of !entecostal Theology$ 2oursHuare #edia$ :BB@$ p;9B% ;@ !orre&$ /% A%$ The &a"tism with the Holy S"irit$ 2leming . /e,ell Compan&$ 9@?C$ pp9B(99% ;? Dunn$ >% D% '%$ &a"tism in the Holy S"irit$ !"e =estminster Press$ 9?AB$ p::C% <B Stott$ >%$ &a"tism and F%llness$ !"ird Edition$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :BBF$ p:9%
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bot" descripti,e passages$ 7"ic" describe subjecti,e e8perience and objecti,e didactic scriptures<9% *aptism in the !ol" Spirit in Acts 3f t"e descriptions of baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit in Acts$ t"ree of t"e four 7ere e8perienced b& professing belie,ers% Clearl& t"e initial outpouring of t"e .ol& Spirit at Pentecost s"ould be considered to be uniHue<:% .o7e,er$ t"e Acts @:9:(9F presents a clear difficult& for bot" Sacramentalist and t"e /egenerati,e ,ie7s as t"e Samaritans "ad 5belie,ed6 and been baptised b& P"ilip<;% Stott argues t"at t"e Samaritan e8perience 7as clearl& abnormal 7it"out justif&ing t"is assertion<<% Indeed$ it ma& be argued t"at t"is 7as far from abnormal as it is replicated in t"e Ep"esian e8perience$ in 7"ic" t"ose t"at "ad belie,ed in >esus t"roug" t"e teac"ing of Apollos 7ere baptised 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit <C% !"is latter occurrence presents a significant difficult& for t"e /egenerati,e ,ie7s$ but is less of problem for t"e Sacramentalist ,ie7% *aptism in the !ol" Spirit in ( 1or. (2;(3 Sacramental and /egenerati,e ,ie7s bot" rel& upon interpretation of 9 Cor% 9::9;$ 7it" Sacramentalists asserting t"at t"is ,erse demonstrates t"at baptism in 7ater)C"rism as t"e instrument of grace b& 7"ic" t"e indi,idual is regenerated and engrafted into t"e Dingdom$ maGing baptism essential to sal,ation<F% Con,ersel&$ /egenerationalists den& t"at baptism in 7ater is essential to sal,ation <A$ and insist t"at t"is ,erse refers to baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit$

<9

.art$ L%$ 5Spirit 4aptism: A Dimensional C"arismatic Perspecti,e6E in: Colle$ /% D%$ Dunning$ .% /%$ .art$ L%$ .orton$ S% #%$ Daiser$ =% C%$ 5!ers"ectives on S"irit &a"tism: Five Views$ 4roadman L .olman Publis"ers$ :BB<$ p9BAE Cole$ '% A%$ He Who 1ives $ife: The 2octrine of the Holy S"irit$ Cross7a& 4ooGs$ :BBA$ p:A% <: Dunn$ >% D% '%$ &a"tism in the Holy S"irit$ !"e =estminster Press$ 9?AB$ pp<A(<@% <; Acts @:9:% << Stott$ >%$ &a"tism and F%llness$ !"ird Edition$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :BBF$ p<;% <C Note PaulIs Huestion: 5Did &ou recei,e t"e .ol& Spirit 7"en &ou +elievedU6 (Acts 9?::)% <F SparGs$ >% N%$The +rthodo) St%dy &ible: 'ncient hristianity S"eaks to Today3s World $ !"omas Nelson Inc$ :BB@$ p9C;:E Di 4erardino$ A%$ We &elieve in +ne Holy atholic and '"ostolic h%rch $ *olume C of Ancient C"ristian Doctrine Series$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :B9B$ p@A% <A =it"erington$ 4%$ III%$ Tro%bled Waters: The Real /ew Testament Theology of &a"tism $ 4a&lor 1ni,ersit& Press$ :BBA$ p99@%
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7"ic" is t"us t"e instrument of grace in dra7ing t"e belie,er to fait" and engrafting "im into t"e Dingdom<@% E8perientialists argue t"at t"is baptism 5 +"6 t"e .ol& Spirit$ into t"e 4od& of C"rist$ relates to t"e SpiritIs 7orG of regeneration and is distinct from baptism 5 in6 or 5?ith6 t"e .ol& Spirit<?% In 'reeG$ t"e ,erse reads: RP XYZ [ [ \[]^_P`N _]a \Y[`]a ]a [ Q_P bP\`TQcd_][ Sacramentalists and /egenerationalists note t"at t"is ,erse uses t"e term 5 [ [ \[]^_P`N6$ and argue t"at t"is is e8actl& t"e same as t"e term 5[ \[]^_P`N6$ and s"ould be translated 5in one Spirit6$ as occurs in t"e N/S*% E8perientialists argue t"at as t"e ,erse includes 5 [6 t7ice$ suc" a translation maGes no sense of t"e baptismal imager&$ 7"ic" all about somet"ing being immersed or dipped or sprinGled in)7it" some form of medium$ as t"is translation 7ould "a,e t"e belie,er being immersed in t7o mediums$ t"e Spirit and t"e bod& CB% /at"er$ because 5[6 can mean in$ amongst$ 7it" or b& C9$ t"e most logical translation is 5b& one Spirit6$ as occurs in translations suc" as NI*$ D>*$ NL! and NAS4% S,mming 6p In "is seminal 7orG on baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit$ Dunn notes t"at as t"e .ol& Spirit became less t"e subject of e8perience$ and more t"e subject of fait"$ Cat"olic doctrine focused on t"e objecti,it& of t"e Sacraments$ 7"ic" could be regulated b& t"e c"urc" C:% As a natural conseHuence Cat"olic doctrine adopted a Sacramentalist ,ie7 of baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit% Protestant doctrine reacted against t"e Cat"olic tendenc& to7ard sacerdotalism$ and emp"asised t"e objecti,it& of scripture$ toget"er 7it" t"e importance of preac"ing and t"e 7orG of t"e .ol& Spirit in dra7ing t"e indi,idual to personal fait"% ConseHuentiall&$ 7ater
<@ <?

Sproul$ /% C%$ What is &a"tism4$ /eformation !rust$ Dindle Edition$ :B99$ Gl::;% =arrington$ D%$ !entecostal Theology: ' Theology of (nco%nter$ ! L ! ClarG$ :BB@$ p99;% CB .orton$ S% #%$ , 0 ,, orinthians$ Legion Press$ 9???$ pp?F(?@% C9 4auer$ =%$ DanGer$ 2% =%$ Arndt$ =%2%$ 'ingric"$ 2%=%$ 1reek5(nglish $e)icon of the /ew Testament and +ther (arly hristian $iterat%re$ !"ird Edition$ !"e 1ni,ersit& of C"icago Press$ :BBB% C: Dunn$ >% D% '%$ &a"tism in the Holy S"irit$ !"e =estminster Press$ 9?AB$ pp::<(::C%
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baptism 7as no longer regarded as essential to sal,ation$ and a /egenerati,e ,ie7 of baptism 7as adopted% Despite more t"an a centur& of Pentecostalism$ and t"e rene7ed interest in t"e .ol& Spirit t"at t"is "as engendered$ t"ere are still ,er& significant differences in understanding of baptism in t"e .ol& Spirit% .o7e,er$ E8periential ,ie7s are no7 treated 7it" more s&mpat"&$ and C"arismatic strains are no7 present in man& doctrinal sc"ools C; and t"e fact of e8perience of t"e .ol& Spirit is no7 7idel& acceptedC<% !"us$ 7"ilst t"ere remains a Huestion of timing 7it" respect to baptism in t"e Spirit$ t"ere is no7 greater agreement concerning t"e distincti,e natureCC and abo,e$ t"e conseHuence of t"is baptism% Cole differentiates bet7een baptism in t"e Spirit$ 7"ic" is seen as an initial e8perience associated 7it" regeneration$ and fullness of t"e Spirit$ t"e results of 7"ic" are al7a&s relational$ affecting t"e belie,erIs relations"ips 7it" bot" 'od and man CF% Dunn concludes t"at 7ater baptism and Spirit baptism are distinct$ t"at t"e former is t"e preparation for and means of reac"ing out for t"e latter$ and t"at t"e demonstration of Spirit baptism is found in a scriptural lifest&le CA% 3t"ers e8press similar ,ie7s$ emp"asising t"at lo,e s"ould a central demonstration of Spirit baptismC@ and Cartledge defines baptism in t"e Spirit as a step c"ange in t"e relations"ip bet7een t"e belie,er and 'odC?%

C;

S&nan$ *%$ The ent%ry of the Holy S"irit: 677 8ears of !entecostal and harismatic Renewal. 6976:;776. !"omas Nelson Publis"ers$ :BB9$ pp;@9(;@@% C< 4loesc"$ D% '%$ The Holy S"irit: Works 0 1ifts$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :BBB$ p9<% CC =arrington$ D%$ !entecostal Theology: ' Theology of (nco%nter$ ! L ! ClarG$ :BB@$ p9BC% CF Cole$ '% A%$ (ngaging with the Holy S"irit: Real <%estions. !ractical 'nswers. :BB@$ Cross7a& 4ooGs$ p9B9% CA Dunn$ >% D% '%$ &a"tism in the Holy S"irit$ !"e =estminster Press$ 9?AB$ p::A% C@ #acc"ia$ 2% D%$ &a"tised in the Holy S"irit: ' 1lobal !entecostal Theology $ +onder,an$ :BBF$ Dindle Edition$ GlC:?;(CAF?E #oon$ !% '%$ 5>%.% DingIs JE8pansi,eI !"eolog& of Pentecostal Spirit 4aptism$ >ournal of Pentecostal !"eolog&6$ *ol% :9$ :B9:$ pp;:BW;<;% C? Cartledge$ #% >%$ 5Pentecostal E8perience: An E8ample of Practical(!"eological /escripting6$ !"e >ournal of t"e European Pentecostal !"eological Association$ *ol% :@$ No% 9%$ pp:9(;<%
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1.#146S%.# Not7it"standing t"e subjecti,it& of descriptions of baptism$ recei,ing and filling 7it" t"e .ol& Spirit in Acts$ it is possible to conclude t"at: Eac" e8perience is uniHue%

!"e e8perience is not al7a&s associated 7it" C"ristian initiation%

Eac" e8perience is tangible to bot" t"e recipient and t"ose obser,ing%

Eac" occasion resulted in ,erbal response$ including speaGing 7it" boldness and clarit&$ preac"ing 7it" aut"orit&$ prop"ec& and e8pressions of jo&%

E8perience of t"e .ol& Spirit s"ould al7a&s be tested against t"e objecti,e teac"ing of scripture$ and s"ould al7a&s be demonstrable t"roug" t"e lifest&le of t"e belie,er%

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*%*4%.7&A-!5 73#3&A4 &383&3#13S The Holy &ible$ Ne7 International *ersion$ +onder,an 4ible Publis"ers$ International 4ible Societ&$ 9?@<% The Holy &ible$ Aut"oriKed *ersion$ 9AF? 4la&ne& Edition of t"e 9F99 Ding >ames *ersion of t"e Englis" 4ible% The Holy &ible$ Second Edition$ Ne7 Li,ing !ranslation$ !&ndale .ouse Publis"ers$ 9??@% The Holy &ible. !"e Ne7 /e,ised Standard *ersion$ t"e Di,ision of C"ristian Education of t"e National Council of t"e C"urc"es of C"rist in t"e 1nited States of America$ 9?@?% The Holy &ible$ !"e Ne7 American Standard 4ible$ !"e LocGman 2oundation$ 9??C%

&383&3#13S 4auer$ =%$ DanGer$ 2% =%$ Arndt$ =%2%$ 'ingric"$ 2%=%$ 1reek5(nglish $e)icon of the /ew Testament and +ther (arly hristian $iterat%re$ !"ird Edition$ !"e 1ni,ersit& of C"icago Press$ :BBB% 4e,eridge$ .%$ ommentary %"on the 'cts of the '"ostles by -ohn alvin. Cal,in !ranslation Societ&$ 9@<<% 4loesc"$ D% '%$ The Holy S"irit: Works 0 1ifts$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :BBB% 4re7ster$ P%S%$ 5Pentecostal Doctrine6$ P% S 4re7ster$ 9?AF% 4runer$ 2% D%$ ' Theology of the Holy S"irit: The !entecostal ()"erience and /ew Testament Witness$ =illiam 4 % Eerdmanns Publis"er$ 9?AB% Cal,in$ >%$ ,nstit%tes of the hristian Religion$ I*$ 8,$ 9(:% Cartledge$ #% >%$ 5Pentecostal E8perience: An E8ample of Practical(!"eological /escripting6$ !"e >ournal of t"e European Pentecostal !"eological Association$ *ol% :@$ No% 9%$ pp:9(;<% C"ung$ P%$ 5Cal,in and t"e .ol& Spirit: A /econsideration in Lig"t of Spiritualit& and Social Et"ics6$ Pnuema ( !"e >ournal of t"e Societ& for Pentecostal Studies$ *ol% :<$ No% 9$ Spring :BB:$pp<B(CC% Clendenin$ D% 4%$ (astern +rthodo) Theology: ' ontem"orary Reader$ 4aGer Academic$ :BB;%

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Cole$ '% A%$ (ngaging with the Holy S"irit: Real <%estions. !ractical 'nswers. :BB@$ Cross7a& 4ooGs% Cole$ '% A%$ He Who 1ives $ife: The 2octrine of the Holy S"irit$ Cross7a& 4ooGs$ :BBA% Colle$ /% D%$ Dunning$ .% /%$ .art$ L%$ .orton$ S% #%$ Daiser$ =% C%$ 5 !ers"ectives on S"irit &a"tism: Five Views$ 4roadman L .olman Publis"ers$ :BB<%

Das$ A% A%$ 5Acts @: =ater$ 4aptism$ and t"e Spirit$ Concordia >ournal6$ April 9??;$ pp9B@(9;<%
Di 4erardino$ A%$ We &elieve in +ne Holy atholic and '"ostolic h%rch$ *olume C of Ancient C"ristian Doctrine Series$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :B9B% Dieter$ #% E%$ Five Views on Sanctification$ Counterpoints: 4ible and !"eolog& Series$ +onder,an$ 9?@A% Duffield$ '% P%$ ,an Clea,e$ N% #%$ Fo%ndations of !entecostal Theology$ 2oursHuare #edia$ :BB@% Dunn$ >% D% '%$ &a"tism in the Holy S"irit$ !"e =estminster Press$ 9?AB% 2ee$ '% D%$ 1os"el and S"irit: ,ss%es in /ew Testament Hermene%tics$ .endricGson Publis"ers$ 9??9% 'aebelein$ 2% E%$ The ()"ositor*s &ible ommentary: ("hesians thro%gh !hilemon $ *ol% 99$ +onder,an Publis"ing .ouse$ 9?@9% .orton$ S% #%$ , 0 ,, orinthians$ Legion Press$ 9???% .orton$ S% #%$ What the &ible Says 'bo%t the Holy S"irit$ 'ospel Publis"ing .ouse$ 9??C$ p9CF% >o"nson$ #% E%$ ,mages of &a"tism$ Issue F of 2orum essa&s$ Liturg& !raining Publications$ :BB9% DVrGGVinen$ *% #%$ !ne%matology: The Holy S"irit in (c%menical. ,nternational and onte)t%al !ers"ective$ 4aGer Academic$ :BB:% Lee$ #%$ 5An E,angelical Dialogue on LuGe$ Sal,ation$ and Spirit 4aptism6$ PNE1#A: !"e >ournal of t"e Societ& for Pentecostal Studies$ *ol% :F$ No% 9$ Spring :BB<$ pp@9(?@ Lincoln$ A% !% ("hesians$ =ord 4iblical Commentar&$ *ol% <:$ =ord 4ooGs Incorporated$ 9??B% Lindberg$ C%$ The Third Reformation: harismatic #ovements and the $%theran Tradition$ #ercer 1ni,ersit& Press$ 9?@;% Loder$ A%$ 5!"e Classical Pentecostal Doctrine of Spirit(baptism: Some E8egetical Considerations6$ MNOPQRPSTP$ Spring :BB:$ ppA;(@@% L&on$ /% =%$ 54aptism and Spirit 4aptism in t"e Ne7 !estament6$ =esle&an !"eological >ournal *ol% 9<$ No% 9$ 9?A?$ pp9<(:F%

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#acc"ia$ 2% D%$ &a"tised in the Holy S"irit: ' 1lobal !entecostal Theology $ +onder,an$ :BBF% #cDonnell$ D%$ #ontague$ '% !%$ hristian ,nitiation and &a"tism in the Holy S"irit: (vidence from the First (ight ent%ries$ /e,ised Edition$ Liturgical Press$ 9??9% #cDim$ D% D%$ The Westminster Handbook to Reformed Theology$ =estminster >o"n Dno8 Press$ :BB9%

#enKies$ /% P%$ 5LuGeIs 1nderstanding of 4aptism in t"e .ol& Spirit: A Pentecostal Dialogues 7it" t"e /eformed !radition6$ >ournal of Pentecostal !"eolog&$ *ol% 9F$ :BB@$ pp@FW9B9%
#oon$ !% '%$ 5>%.% DingIs JE8pansi,eI !"eolog& of Pentecostal Spirit 4aptism$ >ournal of Pentecostal !"eolog&6$ *ol% :9$ :B9:$ pp;:BW;<;% Po&t"ress$ *% S%$ 5!"e 4aptism of t"e .ol& Spirit ( ="at Does It #eanU Part II6$ !orc" and !rumpet$ /eformed 2ello7s"ip Inc%$ #arc" 9?F?$ pp9@(9?% SparGs$ >% N%$The +rthodo) St%dy &ible: 'ncient hristianity S"eaks to Today3s World $ !"omas Nelson Inc$ :BB@% Sproul$ /% C%$ What is &a"tism4$ /eformation !rust$ Dindle Edition$ :B99% Stott$ >%$ &a"tism and F%llness$ !"ird Edition$ Inter*arsit& Press$ :BBF% S&nan$ *%$ The ent%ry of the Holy S"irit: 677 8ears of !entecostal and harismatic Renewal. 6976:;776. !"omas Nelson Publis"ers$ :BB9% !orre&$ /% A%$ The &a"tism with the Holy S"irit$ 2leming . /e,ell Compan&$ 9@?C% !&ne"$ C% S%$ +rthodo) hristianity: +verview and &ibliogra"hy$ No,a Publis"ers$ :BB;% =arrington$ D%$ !entecostal Theology: ' Theology of (nco%nter$ ! L ! ClarG$ :BB@% =illiams$ >% /%$ Renewal Theology: Systematic Theology from a harismatic !ers"ective $ +onder,an$ 9??F% =it"erington$ 4%$ III%$ Tro%bled Waters: The Real /ew Testament Theology of &a"tism $ 4a&lor 1ni,ersit& Press$ :BBA% -un$ D% D%$ 5=ater 4aptism and Spirit 4aptism: Pentecostals and Lut"erans in Dialogue6$ Dialog: A >ournal of !"eolog&$ *ol% <;$ No% <%$ =inter :BB<$ pp;<<(;C9% +uber$ D% D%$ 5!"e 4aptism of t"e Spirit: A Defense of a Dispensational 1nderstanding of t"e P"rase6$ Conser,ati,e !"eological >ournal$ #a& :BBF$ ppC(9@%

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