Sustaining

Sustaining
Sprayed Sealing Practice
Sprayed Sealing Practice
Selection of a Prime coat
Simon Kotze
Lucas van der Schyff
Gerrie van Zyl
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Scope of presentation
1. Definition and purpose of a prime coat
2. Problems experienced
3. Evaluation of available products
4. Conclusions and recommendations
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Definition and purpose
A coat of suitable bituminous binder applied to
a non-bituminous granular pavement layer as a
preliminary treatment prior to the application of a
bituminous base or surfacing.
Prime coat Tack coat
(0.8 1.0 l/m
2
) (1
st
binder application)
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Definition and purpose
Promotes adhesion between base and seal
Reduces ingress of moisture into base
Limits absorbtion of 1
st
binder into base
Binds finer particles in upper zone of base
Allows limited construction traffic
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Definition and purpose
Is it necessary ?
Only omit when:
MC 3000 on G1 base
Emulsion/ foam base
Semi-priming binder
Reduces risks
Standard practice in South Africa
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Current guidelines
Factors influencing selection
Type of base material
Presence of salts
Base moisture content
Base density
Base PI
Recommended products
Tar based products out X
Low viscosity cutback bitumens (MC30 or MC 70)
Inverted emulsions
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Current guidelines
Table 1 in paper
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Problems experienced
Several products and claims environmental
friendly ?
Costs and availability
Slow-drying high humidity
Sand blinding effect
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Evaluation of available projects
Ongoing study
Field and laboratory work
Situations to date
Crushed stone and stabilised bases
Products
MC30, MC15, MC10
Inverted emulsion
3 propriety emulsions (cutback with non-fossil fuels)
Enrichment of upper part of base with emulsion
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Laboratory work
Briquettes compacted at field density
Primed
Prime penetration measured at intervals
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Penetration measurement
11
2 mm binder
penetration
20 mm solvent
penetration
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Field experiments
Information collected
Prime product information
Base type
Compaction density
Moisture content
Surface condition before priming
Climatic conditions
Observations and measurements on site
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Field performance (Visual observations)
A after 2.5 hours 4 hours
Anionic stable grade emulsion
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Effect on carbonation
Carbonation involves the absorption of carbon
dioxide (CO
2
) from the air, in a cement stabilised
layer to produce calcium carbonate. Development
of calcium carbonate deters pozzolonic action and
reduces normal strength gain.
Inverted emulsion effect
At OMC 50% OMC
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
Conclusions & recommendations
Study sample still too small to be conclusive
Several products are effective on high density
bases
Application rates of some products should be
increased (influence on cost)
Inverted emulsion effective high density at
OMC on stabilised base
Appropriate specifications required
Study should continue
Adjustments to current guidelines required
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Sustaining sprayed sealing practice
END
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