Heat and Mass Transfer

Consider a 1.2-m-high and 2-m-wide double-pane window consisting of two 3-mmthick layers of glass (k =0. ! "#m$C% separated by a 12-mm-wide stagnant air space (k = 0.02& "#m $C%. 'etermine the steady rate of heat transfer through this double-pane window and the temperature of its inner surface for a day during which the room is maintained at 2(C while the temperature of the outdoors is -)C. *ake the con+ection heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces .of the window to be 10 "#m2 $C and 2) "#m2 $C respecti+ely , 2-m1.)-m section of wall of an industrial furnace burning natural gas is not insulated- and the temperature at the outer surface of this section is measured to be !0$C. *he temperature of the furnace room is 30$C- and the combined con+ection and radiation heat transfer coefficient at the surface of the outer furnace is 10 "#m2$C. .t is proposed to insulate this section of the furnace wall with glass wool insulation (k = 0.03! "#m$C% in order to reduce the heat loss by /0 percent. ,ssuming the outer surface temperature of the metal section still remains at about .!0$C0 determine the thickness of the insulation that needs to be used "ater is boiling in a 2)-cm-diameter aluminum pan (k = 23 "#m $C% at /)$C. 1eat is transferred steadily to the boiling water in the pan through its 0.)-cm-thick flat bottom at a rate of !00 ". .f the inner surface temperature of the bottom of the pan is 10!$C- determine (a% the boiling heat transfer coefficient on the inner surface .of the pan- and (b% the outer surface temperature of the bottom of the pan *wo )-cm-diameter- 1)cm-long aluminum bars (k = 1 & "#m$C% with ground surfaces are pressed against each other with a pressure of 20 atm (h = 11-(00 "#m2C%. *he bars are enclosed in an insulation slee+e and- thus- heat transfer from the lateral surfaces is negligible. .f the top and bottom surfaces of the two-bar system are maintained at temperatures of 1)0$C and 20$Crespecti+ely- determine (a% the rate of heat transfer along the cylinders under steady conditions and .(b% the temperature drop at the interface ,n electric current is passed through a wire 1 mm in diameter and 10 cm long. *he wire is submerged in li2uid water at atmospheric pressure- and the current is increased until the water boils. 3or this situation h = )000 "#m2$C- and the water temperature will be 100 $C. 1ow much electric power must be supplied to the wire 4to maintain the wire surface at 11( $C 5team at 320$C flows in a cast iron pipe (k = !0 "#m 6 $C% whose inner and outer diameters are ) cm and ).) cm(1

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respecti+ely. *he pipe is co+ered with 3-cm-thick glass wool insulation with k = 0.0) "#m 6$C. 1eat is lost to the surroundings at )$C by natural con+ection and radiation- with a combined heat transfer coefficient of h2= 1! "#m 6 $C. *aking the heat transfer coefficient inside the pipe to be h 1= &0 "#m2 $C- determine the rate of heat loss from the steam per unit length of the pipe. ,lso determine the temperature .drops across the pipe shell and the insulation Consider a 2-m-high electric hot water heater that has a diameter of (0 cm and ( maintains the hot water at ))$C. *he tank is located in a small room whose a+erage temperature is 2 $C- and the heat transfer coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces of the heater are )0 and 12 "#m2$C- respecti+ely. *he tank is placed in another (&-cm-diameter sheet metal tank of negligible thickness- and the space between the two tanks is filled with foam insulation (k = 0.03 "#m $C%. *he thermal resistances of the water tank and the outer thin sheet metal shell are +ery small and can be neglected. 'etermine the heat loss from the tank. .f 3 cm thick fiber glass insulation is used to wrap the entire tank with 7 = 0.03)$C what will be the heat loss Consider a large 3-cm-thick stainless steel plate (k = 1).1 "#m $C% in which heat is (! generated uniformly at a rate of ) 10) "#m3. 8oth sides of the plate are e9posed to an en+ironment at 30$C with a heat transfer coefficient of &0 "#m $C. :9plain where in the plate the highest and the lowest temperatures will occur- and .determine their +alues