Wire Gauges

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Wire Gauges
The common US wire gauges - AWG gauges
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The AWG - American Wire Gauge - is used as a standard method of denoting wire diameter, measuring the diameter of the conductor (the bare wire) with the insulation removed. AWG is sometimes also known as Brown and Sharpe (B&S) Wire Gauge. The AWG table below is for a single, solid, round conductor. Because of the small gaps between the strands in a stranded wire, a stranded wire with the same current-carrying capacity and electrical resistance as a solid wire, always have a slightly larger overall diameter. The higher the number - the thinner the wire. Typical household wiring is AWG number 12 or 14. For telephone wires there are common with AWG 22, 24, or 26. AWG 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 30 Diameter (mm) 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.13 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.25 0.33 0.36 0.41 0.45 0.51 0.64 0.81 1.02 1.29 1.63 1.80 2.05 2.59 3.25 4.115 5.189 6.543 7.348 8.252 9.266 10.40 11.684 Diameter (in) . . 0.0040 0.0045 0.005 0.0056 0.0063 0.0071 0.008 0.01 0.013 0.014 0.016 0.018 0.02 0.025 0.032 0.04 0.051 0.064 0.072 0.081 0.10 0.13 0.17 0.20 0.26 0.29 0.33 0.37 0.41 0.46 Square (mm ) 0.0050 0.0064 0.0078 0.0095 0.013 0.015 0.020 0.026 0.031 0.049 0.08 0.096 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.33 0.50 0.82 1.3 2.0 2.6 3.3 5.26 8.30 13.30 21.15 33.62 42.41 53.49 67.43 85.01 107.22
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Resistance (ohm/1000m) 3420 2700 2190 1810 1300 1120 844 676 547 351 232.0 178 137 108 87.5 51.7 34.1 21.9 13.0 8.54 6.76 5.4 3.4 2.2 1.5 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.31 0.25 0.2 0.16 Control Engineering E&P (Hart's E&P) Free Industry Magazines Power Engineering International

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The higher the gauge number, the smaller the diameter, and the thinner the wire.

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Wire Gauges

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/wire-gauges-d_419.html
Because of less electrical resistance a thick wire will carry more current with less voltage drop than a thin wire. For a long distance it may be necessary to increase the wire diameter - reducing the gauge - to limit the voltage drop.
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