Year 6 – Science 六年级科学

Investigating Force and Energy 探索力和能

Week Learning Objectives Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
周次 学习目标 建议活动 学习成果 备录 词汇
1. Force 力
1.1 Understanding Pupils push and pull each other’s palms Pupils 学生 pull-tarikan 拉力
that push and pull to feel the effect of forces.
are forces 学生推和拉彼此的手心来感觉力的效应。 · state that push and pull push-tolakan 推力
了解推和拉是一种力 are forces.
Pupils discuss and conclude that push 说明推和拉是力 force-daya 力
and pull are forces.
学生讨论和总结：推和拉是力 palm-tapak
tangan 手心
Based on the above activity pupils · state that force cannot
discuss and conclude that a force be seen but its effects
cannot be seen but its effects can be can be observed.
observed. 说明我们看不到力，可是可以
根据以上活动，学生讨论和总结：我们看不到 观察到力的效应。
力，可是可以观察到力的效应。

1.2 Understanding Pupils carry out activities and discuss Pupils 学生 speed - kelajuan
the effects of a the effects of pushing 速度
force a) a stationary ball, · state that a force can
了解力的效应 b) a moving ball. move a stationary object. Stationary -
学生进行活动并讨论推的效果 说明力可以移动一个静止不动 pegun
a) 一个静止不动的球， 的物体 停止；不动
b) 一个正在移动的球。
· state that a force can moving -
Pupils press, twist or squeeze objects change the motion of an bergerak
such as plasticine, sponge and spring. object. 移动
学生挤压或扭转物体如：手工泥、海绵和弹簧 说明力可以改变一个物体的移
动 twist – pulas 扭转
Pupils observe and discuss the effects of
forces. · state that a force can press- tekan 挤压
学生观察和讨论力的效应。 change the shape of an
object.
说明力可以改变一个物体的形
状

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 Year 6 – Science 六年级科学
Investigating Force and Energy 探索力和能

Week Learning Objectives Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
周次 学习目标 建议活动 学习成果 备录 词汇
Pupils discuss and conclude that a force
can:
a) move the stationary object,
b) stop a moving object,
c) change the direction of a moving
object,
d) make an object move faster or
slower,
e) change the shape of an object.
学生讨论和总结：力可以
a) 移动静止不动的物体,
b) 使一个移动的物体停止,
c) 改变一个移动物体的方向,
d) 使一个物体移动得较快或较慢,
e) 改变一个物体的形状。

1.3 Analysing Pupils observe an object such as a book Pupils friction - geseran
friction or a coin sliding on a surface. · state that friction is a 摩擦力
分析摩擦力 学生观察一个物体如一本书或一个硬币滑过一 type of force. aerodynamic-
个表面。 说明摩擦力是一种力。 aerodinamik
空气流动力
Pupils discuss that friction slows down a oppose -
moving object and conclude that friction bertentangan
is a force. 对抗
学生讨论有关摩擦力会使一个移动的物体变慢， effect - kesan
及总结摩擦力是一种力。 影响
reduce -
Pupils carry out activities that involve kurangkan
friction, e.g. 减少
a) open the lid of a jar with dry hands, increase -
b) open the lid of a jar with oily hands. menambahkan
学生进行涉及摩擦力的活动，例： 上升

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 Year 6 – Science 六年级科学
Investigating Force and Energy 探索力和能
a) 用干燥的手打开瓶盖， surfaces in
b) 用沾油的手打开瓶盖。 contact
- permukaan
Pupils discuss and conclude that it is yang
easier to open the lid of a jar with dry bersentuhan
hands because of greater friction. 接触的表面
学生讨论和总结：用干燥的手比较容易打开瓶
盖因为摩擦力比较大。

Week Learning Objectives Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
周次 学习目标 建议活动 学习成果 备录 词汇
Pupils carry out activities that involve · describe the effects of Friction can be
friction, e.g. friction. reduced by using:
a) rubbing their palms, 描述摩擦力的效应 a) using roller,
b) pulling a heavy object, marbles
c) rubbing an eraser against a surface. b) using talcum
学生进行涉及摩擦力的活动，例： powder, oil, wax,
a) 摩擦他们的掌心， grease, air cushion,
b) 拉动一个重物， c) smoothening the
surfaces in contact.
c) 用胶擦摩擦一个表面
以下可以减少摩擦力：
Based on the above activities pupils a) 使用轮子或弹珠
explain the effects of friction: b) 使用爽身粉、油、腊、
a) their palms become warmer because 油脂，气垫,
friction produces heat, c) 使接触的表面平滑
b) it is difficult to move the object
because friction opposes motion,
c) the eraser becomes smaller because
friction causes wear and tear.
根据以上活动学生解释摩擦力的效应：
a) 他们的掌心变得较热因为摩擦力会产生热，
b) 难以拉动重物因为摩擦力与动力对抗，
c) 胶擦变得较小因为摩擦会造成磨损或撕破

Pupils list and discuss the effects of

friction in everyday life.
学生列举并讨论摩擦力在日常生活中的效应。

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 Year 6 – Science 六年级科学
Investigating Force and Energy 探索力和能
Pupils compare the effects of friction by · describe ways to reduce
rubbing their palms: friction.
a) without oil, 描述减少摩擦力的方法
b) with oil.
学生比较摩擦他们的掌心时的效应： · describe ways to
a) 不沾油 increase friction.
b) 涂油 描述增加摩擦力的方法

Pupils discuss and conclude that oil

reduces friction.
学生讨论和总结：油减少了摩擦力。

Week Learning Objectives Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
周次 学习目标 建议活动 学习成果 备录 词汇
Pupils suggest various ways to reduce
friction.
学生提出各种减少摩擦力的方法。

Pupils carry out activities to test their

suggestions.
学生进行活动来测试他们的提议。 · state the advantages of
friction.
Pupils gather information on the 说明摩擦力的好处
advantages and disadvantages of
friction in everyday life. · state the disadvantages
学生收集有关摩擦力在日常生活中的好处和坏 of friction.
处的资料。 说明摩擦力的坏处

Pupils discuss various situations where · conclude that friction

friction occurs and conclude that friction occurs when two surfaces
is produced when surfaces are in are in contact.
contact with one another. 总结摩擦力在两个表面接触时
学生讨论各种产生摩擦的情形和总结表面互相 产生
接触时会产生摩擦力。
· design a fair test to find
Pupils plan and carry out an experiment out how different types of
to investigate how different types of surfaces affect the

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 Year 6 – Science 六年级科学
Investigating Force and Energy 探索力和能
surfaces affects the distance a trolley distance a trolley moves
moves. by deciding what to
学生计划和进行一项试验来研究不同种类的表 change, what to keep the
面如何影响手推车移动的距离。 same and what to
measure.
设计一个公平的实验来找出不
同种类的表面如何影响手推车
移动的距离以确定须改变的事
项、固定的事项和须测量的事
项。

Week Learning Objectives Suggested Learning Activities Learning Outcomes Notes Vocabulary
周次 学习目标 建议活动 学习成果 备录 词汇
2. Movement 移动
2.1 Understanding Pupils carry out activities to: Pupils 学生
speed a) compare the distances travelled in a
了解速度 given time by two moving objects, · state that an object
b) compare the time taken by two which moves faster
moving objects to travel a given travels a longer distance
distance. in a given time.
学生进行活动来： 说明在指定时间内一个移动比
a) 比较在指定时间内两个移动的物体移动的距 较快的物体移动的距离比较远
离，
b) 比较在指定距离内两个移动的物体所需的时 · state that an object
间。 which moves faster takes
a shorter time to travel a
Pupils discuss and conclude that: given distance.
a) an object which moves faster travels 说明在指定距离内一个移动比
a longer 较快的物体所需的时间比较短
distance in a given time,
b) an object which moves faster takes a
shorter time to travel a given distance.
学生讨论和总结：
a) 在指定时间内一个移动比较快的物体移动的
距离比较远，

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 Year 6 – Science 六年级科学
Investigating Force and Energy 探索力和能
b) 在指定距离内一个移动比较快的物体所需的
时间比较短。

Pupils conclude that:

a) speed is a measurement of how fast · state what speed is.
an object moves, 说明什么是速度
b) speed can be calculated by using the
formula
speed = distance/time.
学生总结：
a) 速度用以测量物体移动多快
b) 速度可以用以下公式来计算
速度 = 移动的距离 / 所需的时间 · solve problems using
the formula.
Pupils solve problems using the formula.
应用有关公式解决难题
学生应用该公式来解决难题。

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