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Chapter 4

User Friendly Beams

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples


Chapter 4 Table of Contents
Example 4.1 List and plot of forces, moments, stresses and strains in beam
elements .............................................................................................. 1

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

Example 4.1 List and plot of forces, moments and stresses in beam elements

Example 4.1
List and plot of forces, moments,
stresses and strains in beam
elements
Reference
Timoshenko, Page 98, Problem 4.
Example Description
A standard 30 WF beam (W 30x173) is supported as shown bellow and loaded on
the overhangs by a uniformly distributed load w. Determine the bending moments
and stress and strains at the middle of the beam.
Geometric Properties
a = 10 ft = 120 in
b = 20 ft = 240 in
Material Properties
Steel A36 Fy=32 ksi
Loads
w = 10000 lb/ft = (10000/12) lb/in

Figure 4.1-1 Problem Sketch

10 10

11

11

12

12

13

Figure 4.1-2 Representative Finite Element Model

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

4-1

Chapter 4 User Friendly Beams

Analysis Assumptions and Modeling Notes


Inches and psi are used as length and stress units. Four elements BEAM3 have
been used for the static analysis of the beam.
Due to symmetry a half model could also have been used.
Input Data Listing
FINISH
~CFCLEAR,,1

! Not needed

! CivilFEM Setup: Code & Units

~UNITS,BIN
~CODESEL,EC3,EC2,,,EC8

! in, sg, lbf


! Eurocodes: No.3, No.2 and No.8

/PREP7
! CivilFEM Preprocessor
! -------------------------------------------------! Define Material properties
~CFMP,1,LIB,STEEL,ASTM,A36
! Material 1: A36 Fy=32 ksi
~CFMP,1,USER
~CFMP,1,EC3,fy,,32000,1,0,0
! Define Element Type
ET,1,BEAM3
! Define Section
~SSECLIB,1,1,51,68
! W 30x173 -> Section:1
~BMSHPRO,1,BEAM,1,1,,,3,,0, !Steel Section
! Ansys Preprocessor
! -------------------------------------------------! Nodes
N,1
N,13,480
FILL,1,13
! Elements
E,1,2
EGEN,12,1,ALL
/SOLU
! Ansys Solution
! -------------------------------------------------! Constrains
D, 4,,,,,,UX,UY
D,10,,,,,,UY
! Loads
ESEL,S,,, 1, 3,1
ESEL,A,,,10,12,1
SFBEAM,ALL,1,PRES,10000/12
ESEL,ALL
! Solve
SOLVE
/POST1
! CivilFEM Postprocessor
! -------------------------------------------------! Read results
~CFSET,,1,1
! Plot Forces & Moments
~PLLSFOR,M,Z,-3 ! Bending Moment Z
~PLLSFOR,F,Y,-1 ! Shear Y
! Plot Stresses and strains
~PLLSSTR,SX,10,3
! Y Top stress (Point 10 is located at Y Top fiber)
~PLCSSTR,BEAM,6,I,SX ! Stresses inside cross section
~PLCSSTR,BEAM,6,I,EPX ! Strains inside cross section
! List of Forces & Moments

4-2

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

Example 4.1 List and plot of forces, moments and stresses in beam elements

~PRFOR,BOTH,FY,MZ
! FY and MZ at both ends (I and J)
! List of Stresses
~PRSTR,SX,BOTH,POINTS,MINMAX
! Minimum and maximum values at both ends (I and J)

CivilFEM Results

Figure 4.1-3 Section Plot (CivilFEM Window)

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

4-3

Chapter 4 User Friendly Beams

Figure 4.1-4 Bending Moment

Figure 4.1-5 Shear Force Y

4-4

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

Example 4.1 List and plot of forces, moments and stresses in beam elements

Figure 4.1-6 Component Stress due to Bending

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

4-5

Chapter 4 User Friendly Beams

Figure 4.1-7 Stresses inside cross section

Figure 4.1-8 Strains inside cross section

CROSS SECTION STRESSES & STRAINS. MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM VALUES


------------- Node I ------------------- ------------- Node J ------------------ELEMENT
Minimum
Maximum
Abs Max
Minimum
Maximum
Abs Max
------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ -----------1
-109.066E-12
109.066E-12
109.066E-12
-1.237E+03
1.237E+03
1.237E+03
2
-1.237E+03
1.237E+03
1.237E+03
-4.950E+03
4.950E+03
4.950E+03
3
-4.950E+03
4.950E+03
4.950E+03
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
4
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
5
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
6
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
7
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
8
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
9
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
10
-11.137E+03
11.137E+03
11.137E+03
-4.950E+03
4.950E+03
4.950E+03
11
-4.950E+03
4.950E+03
4.950E+03
-1.237E+03
1.237E+03
1.237E+03
12
-1.237E+03
1.237E+03
1.237E+03
-67.579E-12
67.579E-12
67.579E-12

4-6

CivilFEM Manual of Essential Examples. 300609 .Ingeciber, S.A.

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