Aryabhata (satellite)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Aryabhata

Mission type Operator COSPAR ID SATCAT Mission duration

Astrophysics ISRO 1975-033A 7752 4 days achieved

Spacecraft properties 360 kg (794 lb)[1] Launch mass 46 watts Power Start of mission 19 April 1975, 07:30 UTC[2] Launch date Kosmos-3M Rocket Kapustin Yar 107/2 Launch site Last contact Decay date End of mission 24 April 1975 11 February 1992

Orbital parameters Reference system Geocentric Low Earth Regime 568 kilometres (353 mi) Perigee 611 kilometres (380 mi) Apogee 50.6 degrees Inclination 96.46 minutes Period

Epoch

19 May 1975[3]

Aryabhata was India's first satellite,[1] named after the great Indian astronomer of the same name.[4]

Contents

1 Launch 2 Legacy and memory 3 References 4 External links

Launch
It was launched by the Soviet Union on 19 April 1975[1] from Kapustin Yar using a Kosmos-3M launch vehicle. It was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) to gain experience in building and operating a satellite in space.[5] On 19 May 1975 the satellite's 96.46-minute orbit had an apogee of 611 kilometres (380 mi) and a perigee of 568 kilometres (353 mi), at an inclination of 50.6 degrees.[3] It was built to conduct experiments in X-ray astronomy, aeronomics, and solar physics. The spacecraft was a 26-sided polyhedron 1.4 metres (4.6 ft) in diameter. All faces (except the top and bottom) were covered with solar cells. A power failure halted experiments after four days in orbit with all signals from the spacecraft lost after five days of operation. The satellite reentered the Earth's atmosphere on 11 February 1992.

Legacy and memory

1984 USSR stamp featuring Bhaskara-I, Bhaskara-II and Aryabhata satellites The satellite's image appeared on the reverse of Indian 2 rupee banknotes between 1976 and 1997 (Pick catalog and one rupee note number: P-79a-m).[6]

haskara (satellite)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article relies largely or entirely upon a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. (February 2011)

1984 USSR stamp featuring Bhaskara-I, Bhaskara-II and Aryabhata satellites The Bhaskara-I and II Satellites were two satellites built by the Indian Space Research Organisation that formed India's first low orbit Earth Observation Satellite. They collected data on telemetry, oceanography and hydrology.

Contents

1 Bhaskara-I 2 Bhaskara-II 3 See also 4 References

Bhaskara-I
Bhaskara-I, weighing 444 kg at launch, was launched on 7 June 1979 from Kapustin Yar aboard the Intercosmos launch vehicle. It was placed in an orbital Perigee and Apogee of 394 km and 399 km at an inclination of 50.7.[1] The satellite consisted of

Two television cameras operating in visible (600 nanometre) and near-infrared (800 nanometre) and collected data related to hydrology, forestry and geology. Satellite microwave radiometer (SAMIR) operating at 19 and 22 GHz for study of oceanstate, water vapour, liquid water content in the atmosphere, etc.

Bhaskara-II
The satellite provided ocean and land surface data. One of two onboard cameras malfunctioned, however it sent back more than two thousand images. Housekeeping telemetry was received until re-entry in 1991.[2] Rohini General information ISRO Manufacturer Country of origin India Experimental Satellites Applications 400km Circular Low Earth Orbit regimes ISRO Operator Production Retired Status 4 Launched Rohini RS-D2 Retired 2 Lost RTP First launch
10 August 1979 17 April 1983

Last launch

Rohini RS-D2

Typical spacecraft 3041.5 kilograms (6691 lb) Average mass 3 watts (RTP) Power 16 watts (others) Launch Vehicle monitor Equipment Solid State camera(RS-D2)