Crono acupuntura

Historical background of chronoacupuncture

Fu Xi (the heavenly souvereign), one of China's first emperors, born in 29th century BC, is credited for the discovery of the Ba Gua (Eight Symbols). One day sitting at the bank of Yello river he sa a Qi Lin (mythological horse) rising from the ater carrying a magical s!uare He Tu (River a!) on his back. "he early emperor "u tells a similar story of a magic turtle rising from the #o $iver carrying the Lo Shu pattern on his shell representing the numbers % to 9 in a magical s!uare. "he oldest Chinese farmer's calendar #ong Li dates back from the &ia dynasty '22()*%+,, BC- his calendar first divides a year in seasons and days. .vidence of the first heavenly stem an$ earthly branch cycles ere found as carvings on oracle bones at least in the %/th century BC. #ater the farmer's calendar #ong Li as combined ith the stem an$ branch cycle and gave birth to the &ia calendar, that is still used today. "he original start day of this calendar '2,++ BC- coincides ith the beginning of the era of Huang %i (the "ello& Em!eror), hose medical conversations ere recorded by Qi Bo in the Huang %i 'ei (ing (The "ello& Em!erors )nner *anon) "he importance of treatment of disease at different times as first mentioned in Shang Han Lun '"reatise of Cold 0amage disorders- ritten by +hang +hong (ing at the end of the 1an dynasty 'before 22( 203n this early medical riting much emphasis is laid on the correct treatment time. "he first open*hourly system of point selection as developed in the %(th century. "he ord chronoacupuncture as first used in the +i #u Liu +u '4idnight*5oon .b*6lo -, ritten by He Ruoyu and annotated by "an ing Guan in the %2th century. "he +i #u Liu +hu as saved from oblivion by Xu Feng in %7/9. Based on the theories described in the 'an (ing 'The "ello& Em!erors *lassic o, %i,,iculties-, he made some adaptions to the methods used for calculating open acupuncture points. 3n %,(% (ang (i-hou copies &u 6engs ork into the *om!en$ium o, .cu!uncture, in hich he describes the theory and practice of different methods of chrono*acupuncture in detail.

The theory of Zi Wu Liu Zhu

"he theory of 8i 9u #iu 8u as first ritten do n by 1e $yoyu. #ater his ork as annotated by "an ing Guan in the %2th century. 3n +i #u Liu +hu the natural phenomena such as the movement of celestial bodies like the sun and the moon, the arrival and departure of the seasons, beginning and end of the day and the eb and flo of the tides are described. +i #u Liu +hu, literally meaning i$night/'oon Ebb/Flo&, e:plains hat medical orkers had recogni;ed through the ages, namely that continuous and repetitive cycles in nature occur according

to regular patterns. Zi and Wu +i (mi$night) and #u (noon) reflect the cycle of gro th and decline of Yin and Yang. <tarting at 8i '4idnight- during the first bihourly period '2/ pm*% am- the Yin reaches it=s ma:imum and the Yang is at it=s minimum. 2fter that Yin is declining and Yang is increasing. 2t 9u '5oon- during the +th bihourly period '%% am*%/ am- the Yang reaches it=s ma:imum and the Yin is at it=s minimum. 6rom there Yang is declining and Yin is increasing till the end of the daily cycle. 5o a ne 27*hour cycle starts all over again. "he 8i 9u #iu 8u*cycle is reflected in the cyclical movements of physiological functions in the body. Liu and Zhu Liu (ebb) anf +hu (,lo&) are based on the gathering and dissipating of ater of the tides. "his reflects the cyclic circulation of >i and Blood in the meridians and e:plains that the physiological functions of the body follo a daily rhythm and different other natural timecycles. Zi Wu Liu Zhu: Cyclical flow of Qi and Blood through the meridians Branch 8i shi Chou shi Yin shi 4ao shi Chen shi <i shi 9u shi 9ei shi <hen shi You shi &u shi 1ai shi Channel 6oot <hao Yang channel 6oot Aue Yin channel 1and "ai Yin channel 1and Yang 4ing channel 6oot Yang 4ing channel 6oot "ai Yin channel 1and <hao Yin channel 1and "ai Yang channel 6oot "ai Yang channel 6oot <hao Yin channel 1and Aue Yin channel 1and <hao Yang channel Zang u ?allbladder #iver #ung #arge 3ntestine <tomach <pleen 1eart <mall 3ntestine Brinary Bladder Cidney Dericardium "riple Burner !eriod 2/@((*(%@(( (%@((*(/@(( (/@((*()@(( ()@((*(+@(( (+@((*(9@(( (9@((*%%@(( %%@((*%/@(( %/@((*%)@(( %)@((*%+@(( %+@((*%9@(( %9@((*2%@(( 2%@((*2/@((

3n chronoacupuncture the 8i 9u #iu 8u is used to determine the meridian that is open at a certain moment in time according to the ancient method of "a Zi a

The #$ Hea%enly &tems

"he %( heavenly stems are a Chinese system of ordinals that first appear during the <hang dynasty '%2)( BC-, as the names of the ten days of the eek. "hey ere also used in the <hang*period ritual as names for dead family members, ho ere offered sacrifices on the corresponding day of the <hang eek.

"he %( stems belong to one of the ) elements and have an alternating YinYang polarity. .ach stem follo s the cyclical changes of nature in chronological order. The #$ hea%enly stems &tem % 2 / 7 ) , + K 9 %( EG gJng :Hn rLn guG !in'in EiF yG bGng dHng I !olarity yang yin yang yin yang yin yang yin yang yin (lement ood fire earth metal ater )eaning "ender buds split pods <eedling gro s up day by day ?ro th becomes notable <eedling becomes big and strong Crop is gro ing lu:uriantly Crop is ripe $enovation takes place 5e life begins to shape 3t is becoming pregnant 5e:t generation begins to sprout

3n chronoacupuncture the %( heavenly stems are often combined ith the #* earthly branches. "ogether they form the se+agenary cycle, a group of uni!ue stem and branch combinations.

The #* (artly Branches

"he earthly branches provide a Chinese system for the calculation of time. "his system as built from observations of the orbit of Aupiter, that as divide into %2 ;odiacal sections by ancient Chinese astronomers. "he %2 branches are connected to the %2 months of the year, the seasons and the %2 Chinese ;odiacal signs. "he %2 stems form the basis of the system of ;odiacal double hours. The 01 earthly branches Branch % ;G Zodiac &eason )onth Bihour $at inter 2 / chMu O: yNn "iger spring %2 % (%@((*(/@(( 5e buds begin come out of the ground %% 2/@((*(%@(( )eaning Yang begins to develop hile yin reaches it=s ;enith

(/@((*()(( Yang energy develops increasingly

mFo $abbit

()@((*(+@(( Yang energy begins to prosper

chLn 0ragon

(+@((*(9@(( "here is a changing or shaking

sO

<nake

(9@((*%%@((

"here comes the end of the blossom Yin begins to develop hile yang reaches it=s ;enith

1orse

autumn )

%%@((*%/@((

Qi ?oat

%/@((*%)@(( 6ruits begin to ripe

shJn 4onkey

%)@((*%+@(( Crops are ripe for the harvest

%( yMu $ooster summer K

%+@((*%9@(( Crops ither a ay

%% :R

0og

%9@((*2%@(( "he harvest is finished

%2 hSi

Dig

inter

%(

2%@((*2/@(( Crops are stored

3n chronoacupuncture the %2 earthly branches are often combined ith the #$ hea%enly stems. "ogether they form the se+agenary cycle, a group of uni!ue stem and branch combinations.

The &e+agenary Cycle

Originally the #$ Hea%enly &tems ere used in combination ith the #* (arthly Branches to produce a compound cycle of si:ty terms, used for recording days and years. "his cycle, and variations on it have been an important part of time keeping in historical calendars in the far east. 5o adays, the traditional method of numbering days and years no longer has any significant role in modern Chinese time keeping or the official calendar.

1o ever, the se:agenary cycle still continues to have a role in contemporary Chinese astrology and fortune telling as used in the 6our Dillars of 0estiny. 3t also is used in chronoacupuncture to determine open e:tra meridians according to the ancient methods Ling ,ui Ba a and ei Teng Ba a.

The -.phases &heng.cycle

9u &ing literally meaning the ) phases, is an ancient system to describe the interactions and relationships of natural phenomena. .ach of the ) phases 9ood, 6ire, .arth, 4etal and 9ater are associated ith different aspects of cosmology, geomancy and nature. 3n traditional Chinese medicine the ) phases are connected to the 8ang 6u 'the main organs of the body- and their meridians. The - phases cycles "he basic theory of the ) phases is described in 2 cycles, the Sheng/cycle, meaning thr generating cycle and the 2e/cycle, meaning the overcoming cycle. 3n chronoacupuncture mainly the <heng*cycle is used in the "a /ia a. "he <heng*cycle 'generating cycle- is based on the idea that >i flo s from one phase to another in one direction in a circular motion, starting from the 9ood element, going through the 6ire, .arth and 4etal element consecutively and ending in the 9ater element. 6rom there the cycle starts allover again. "his circular movement of >i is often described in a metaphor@ #oo$ ,ee$s Fire (burn)3 Fire creates Earth (ash)3 Earth bears etal carries #ater (buc4et)3 #ater nourishes #oo$ (gro&th) The - phases connection to the Zang u and meridians &tem Zang u #iver 9ood ?allbladder 1eart Dericardium 6ire <mall 3ntestine "riple Burner <pleen .arth <tomach #ung 4etal #arge 3ntestine Cidney 9ater Brinary Bladder )eridian 6oot Aue Yin channel 6oot <hao Yang channel 1and <hao Yin T 1and Aue Yin channel 1and "ai Yang T 1and <hao Yang channel 6oot "ai Yin channel 6oot Yang 4ing channel 1and "ai Yin channel 1and Yang 4ing channel 6oot <hao Yin channel 6oot "ai Yang channel etal (construction)3

The &hu.Transporting cycle

"he <hu*transporting points together ith the Yuan*source points and the #uo*connecting points belong to the oldest point categories used in traditional chinese medicine. "hese include a group of ,, acupuncture points that are located on the upper and lo er e:tremities on the body. "he flo of >i and Blood in the meridians is often compared ith the metaphore of a ater flo , starting at a ell, forming a spring, gathering ater in a stream, gro ing into a river and finally flo ing into sea. "his is hy the names of the <hu*transporting points are Aing* ell, Ying*spring, <hu*stream, Aing*river and 1e*sea. &tem Aing* ell Ying*spring <hu*stream Aing*river 1e*sea (lement 9ood 'on Yin channels4etal 'on Yang meridians6ire 'on Yin channels9ater 'on Yang meridians.arth 'on Yin channels9ood 'on Yang meridians4etal 'on Yin channels6ire 'on Yang meridians9ater 'on Yin channels4etal 'on Yang meridians)eaning a deep ell a tiny ater stream a fast mountain stream a broad river mouth of a river, the sea

&tems 0 Branches
"he #$ hea%enly stems in combination ith the #* earthly branches form a group of ,( uni!ue time combinations called the se+agenary cycle. "he first stem <(% moves in a circular ay to the last stem <%(. 2fter that the cycle starts allover again at <(%. "his is the same ith the branches@ "he first branch B(% moves in a circular ay to the last branch B%2. 2fter that the cycle starts allover again at B(%. "here are 7 types of stem U branch combinations each connected to a specific timeframe@ Yearly stem U branch, monthly stem U branch, daily stem U branch and hourly stem U branch. "he latter is actual a ;odiacal 'double hour'. "o use these stem and branches some calculations have to be made@ %. Before starting it is absolutely necessary to determine the correct time. "o make a reliable calculation of the open acupuncture points at a certain moment your #ocal "ime has to be converted to the #ocal <olar "ime. "his includes corrections on time;one, daylight saving time and geographical longitude. 2. Calculate of stem and branch of the Y.2$. /. Calculate of stem and branch of the 4O5"1. 7. Calculate of stem and branch of the 02Y. ). Calculate of stem and branch of the 1OB$.

,. Bse the different stems and branches in different methods to lookup open acupuncture points according to 5a 8i 6a, 5a Aia 6a, #ing ?ui Ba 6a and 6ei "eng Ba 6a.

How to calculate the stem 0 branch of the )onth

"ake the yearly stem and lookup the stem and branch of the first month 3f yearly stem is <% or <,V %st monthly stem W / 3f yearly stem is <2 or <+V 3f yearly stem is </ or <KV 3f yearly stem is <7 or <9V %st monthly stem W ) %st monthly stem W + %st monthly stem W 9

3f yearly stem is <) or <%(V %st monthly stem W % "he %st monthly branch is al ays / Check the Chinese calendar at hich day the first month startsX 'beginning of february- and hich day the target month endsXXX onthly stem W 2dd number of months to the %st monthly stem for each month after the first month. 'after <%( the stem cycle starts again ith <%Y onthly branch W 2dd number of months to / 'the %st monthly branch- for each month after the first month. 'after B%2 the stem cycle starts again ith B%Y-

How to calculate the stem 0 branch of the 1ay

#ook up the date, the daily stem and the daily branch of the Chinese ne years day in a 1sia calendar or in a lookup table. 2dd number of days to both 5e Year daily stem and daily branch till date of choice. 0ivide result by %(V $emainder is $aily stem 'if remainder W ( then stem W %( 0ivide result by %2@ $emainder is $aily branch 'if remainder W ( then branch W %2-

How to calculate the stem 0 branch of the Hour

"ake the daily stem and lookup the stem and branch of the first double hour 3f daily stem is <% or <,V %st double hourly stem W % 3f daily stem is <2 or <+V %st double hourly stem W / 3f daily stem is </ or <KV %st double hourly stem W ) 3f daily stem is <7 or <9V %st double hourly stem W + 3f daily stem is <) or <%(V %st double hourly stem W 9 %ouble hourly stem W 2dd number of double hours to the %st double hourly stem. 'after <%( the stem cycle starts again ith <%Y %ouble hourly branch W 2dd number of double hours to % 'the %st double hourly branch, 2/@((*(%@((- 'after B%2 the stem cycle starts again ith B%Y-

1aily Branch (/@((*()@(( ()@((*(+@(( (+@((*(9@(( (9@((*%%@(( %%@((*%/@(( %/@((*%)@(( %)@((*%+@(( %+@((*%9@(( %9@((*2%@(( 2%@((*2/@(( 2/@((*(%@(( (%@((*(/@((

2pen )eridian #ung #arge 3ntestine <tomach <pleen 1eart <mall 3ntestine Brinary Bladder Cidney Dericardium "riple Burner ?all Bladder #iver

"a Zi a 3daily cycle based on earthly branches4

"he easiest method to use chronoacupuncture is to calculate the double hourly branch for a given #ocal <olar "ime and look up the channel that is open on that moment. "here are different approaches on hich point to be used on that open channel@ Horary point '<hu transporting point that has the same element as the open channel'uan source point Luo point of the open channel to feed into the Yuan source point of the coupled meridian 'uan point combined with the inner energy point of the open channel "onify the mother element hen the open channel is deficient according to the <heng*cycle 'eventually tonify the mother element of the channel that as previously open $educe the son element hen the open channel is in e:cess according to the <heng*cycle 'eventually reduce the son element on the channel that ill be open ne:t Bse e+it point of the open channel and the entry point of the channel that ill be open ne:t. 2ny other point can be use on the open channel hen it applies to certain symptoms, patterns or pathologies.

Timespan (/@((*()@(( ()@((*(+@(( (+@((*(9@(( (9@((*%%@(( %%@((*%/@(( %/@((*%)@(( %)@((*%+@(( %+@((*%9@(( %9@((*2%@(( 2%@((*2/@(( 2/@((*(%@(( (%@((*(/@((

)eridian #ung #arge 3ntestine <tomach <pleen 1eart <mall 3ntestine Brinary Bladder Cidney Dericardium "riple Burner ?all Bladder #iver

Horary point #B*K #3*% <"*/, <D*/ 1"*K <3*) BB*,, C3*%( DC*K "B*, ?B*7% #$*%

"a Zi a . Horary points

"he horary point is one of the ) anti!ue points that has the same element ' ood, fire, earth, metal or ater- as the meridian that is open on that moment. (+ample Bet een 05677 an$ 08677 local solartime the &mall 5ntestine meridian is open. "he 1orary point of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is &5.-. )odern 6pplication 1orary points in chronoacupuncture can be used to fight Eet*lag hen travelling by airplane, especially hen time;ones are crossed and the bodyclock gets disordered. 9ith the use of chronoacupuncture timespace corrections in the bodyclock can be made using the 1orary point at departure time and that of arrival time, resulting in a better physical and mental condition at arrival.

Timespan (/@((*()@(( ()@((*(+@(( (+@((*(9@(( (9@((*%%@(( %%@((*%/@(( %/@((*%)@(( %)@((*%+@(( %+@((*%9@(( %9@((*2%@(( 2%@((*2/@(( 2/@((*(%@(( (%@((*(/@((

)eridian #ung #arge 3ntestine <tomach <pleen 1eart <mall 3ntestine Brinary Bladder Cidney Dericardium "riple Burner ?all Bladder #iver

'uan &ource point #B*9 #3*7 <"*72 <D*/ 1"*+ <3*7 BB*,7 C3*/ DC*+ "B*7 ?B*7( #$*/

"a Zi a . 'uan &ource points

Yuan <ource points are the the )*element points here the Yuan >i 'the original >i- gathers. "herefore Yuan they play an important role to dra >i into the meridian or e:pell pathogens from it. Yuan <ource points on the Yin meridians 'al ays the same as the <hu <tream point- can be used to feed the )T,Z Yin organs '#ung, <pleen, 1eart, Cidney, DericardiumZ and #iver. Yuan <ource points on the Yang meridians are merely used to e:pell pathogens and e:cesses. (+ample Bet een 05677 an$ 08677 local solartime the &mall 5ntestine meridian is open. "he Yuan <ource point of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is &5.7.

)odern 6pplication Because Yuan <ource points influence the original >i, these points are used to replenish energy in deeply deficient conditions, especially on the Yin meridians. 9hen the Yuan <ource point is combined ith other chronoacupuncture points like 3nner .nergy branch points, #uo connecting points of the coupled meridian or #uo connecting points on the opposite of the 8i 9u cycle, treatments become more po erfull than hen the Yuan <ource points are used alone.

'uan point (/@((*()@(( #ung #B*9 ()@((*(+@(( #arge 3ntestine#3*7 (+@((*(9@(( <tomach <"*72 (9@((*%%@(( <pleen <D*/ %%@((*%/@(( 1eart 1"*+ %/@((*%)@(( <mall 3ntestine<3*7 Brinary %)@((*%+@(( BB*,7 Bladder %+@((*%9@(( Cidney C3*/ %9@((*2%@(( Dericardium DC*+ 2%@((*2/@(( "riple Burner "B*7 2/@((*(%@(( ?all Bladder ?B*7( (%@((*(/@(( #iver #$*/ Timespan )eridian

Coupled Luo point #3*, #B*+ <D*7 <"*7( <3*, 1"*) C3*7 BB*)K "B*) DC*, #$*) ?B*/+

"a Zi a . 'uan points combined with coupled Luo points

"o enhance the action of Yuan <ource point of the open meridian, it can be combined ith the #uo Connecting point of the internally*e:ternally coupled meridian. 3n this ay a transverse connection bet een Yin and Yang meridian pairs is made. "his forms a very effective combination. (+ample Bet een 05677 an$ 08677 local solartime the <mall 3ntestine meridian is open. "he Yuan <ource point of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is &5.7. "he internally*e:ternally coupled meridian is 1eart. 3t's #uo Connecting point HT.- and is combined ith <3*7.

'uan point (/@((*()@(( #ung #B*9 ()@((*(+@(( #arge 3ntestine#3*7 (+@((*(9@(( <tomach <"*72 (9@((*%%@(( <pleen <D*/ %%@((*%/@(( 1eart 1"*+ <mall %/@((*%)@(( <3*7 3ntestine Brinary %)@((*%+@(( BB*,7 Bladder %+@((*%9@(( Cidney C3*/ %9@((*2%@(( Dericardium DC*+ 2%@((*2/@(( "riple Burner "B*7 2/@((*(%@(( ?all Bladder ?B*7( (%@((*(/@(( #iver #$*/ Timespan )eridian

2pposite Luo point BB*)K C3*7 DC*, "B*) ?B*/+ #$*) #B*+ #3*, <"*7( <D*7 1"*) <3*+

"a Zi a . 'uan points combined with opposite Luo points

2 special use of the Yuan <ource point is the combination ith the #uo Connecting point of the meridian that is opposite of the open meridian in the 8i 9u cycle. "his approach is very effective in the treatment of acute e:cessive conditions like migraine and vomiting. (+ample Bet een 05677 an$ 08677 local solartime the <mall 3ntestine meridian is open. "he Yuan <ource point of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is &5.7. "he meridian opposite of the <mall 3ntestine in the 8i 9u cycle is the #iver meridian. 3t's #uo Connecting point L8.- is combined ith <3*7.

Timespan (/@((*()@(( ()@((*(+@(( (+@((*(9@(( (9@((*%%@(( %%@((*%/@(( %/@((*%)@(( %)@((*%+@(( %+@((*%9@(( %9@((*2%@(( 2%@((*2/@(( 2/@((*(%@(( (%@((*(/@((

)eridian #ung #arge 3ntestine <tomach <pleen 1eart <mall 3ntestine Brinary Bladder Cidney Dericardium "riple Burner ?all Bladder #iver

5nner (nergy 9ood #B*%% 9ood #3*/ .arth <"*/, 6ire <D*2 6ire 1"*K .arth <3*K 4etal BB*,+ 4etal C3*+ .arth DC*+ 9ater "B*2 9ater ?B*7/ .arth #$*/

"a Zi a . 5nner Branch (nergy points

Bnlike the 1orary points that have the same element as the open meridian, the 3nner .nergy points reflect the energy characteristics of the open meridian, based on the position of the sun during the day and the transition of elements. "herefor the 3nner Branch .nergy points actually contain the core energy of the open meridian. (+ample Bet een 05677 an$ 08677 local solartime the &mall 5ntestine meridian is open. "he 3nner Branch .nergy of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is (arth. "he .arth point of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is &5.9. )odern 6pplication 3nner Branch .nergy points form a very po erful combination ith the Yuan <ource point on the same open meridian. "hese po erpoints combine the po er of inner branch energy and original >i.

Timespan (/@((*()@(( ()@((*(+@(( (+@((*(9@(( (9@((*%%@(( %%@((*%/@(( %/@((*%)@(( %)@((*%+@(( %+@((*%9@(( %9@((*2%@(( 2%@((*2/@(( 2/@((*(%@(( (%@((*(/@((

5nner (nergy #ung #B*%% #arge 3ntestine #3*/ <tomach <"*/, <pleen <D*2 1eart 1"*K <mall 3ntestine <3*K Brinary BB*,+ Bladder Cidney C3*+ Dericardium DC*+ "riple Burner "B*2 ?all Bladder ?B*7/ #iver #$*/ )eridian

'uan &ource #B*9 #3*7 <"*72 <D*/ 1"*+ <3*7 BB*,7 C3*/ DC*+ "B*7 ?B*7( #$*/

"a Zi a . Combining 5nner Branch (nergy points with 'uan &ource points
Combining the 3nner Branch .nergy point ith the Yuan <ource point on the same open meridian forms a very po erful 'po erpoint' combination. "hese points together combine the po er of inner branch energy and original >i.

(+ample Bet een 05677 an$ 08677 local solartime the &mall 5ntestine meridian is open. "he 3nner Branch .nergy of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is (arth. "he .arth point of the <mall 3ntestine meridian is &5.9. <3*K is combined ith &5.7, the Yuan <ource point of the <mall 3ntestine meridian. Timespan (/@((*()@(( ()@((*(+@(( (+@((*(9@(( (9@((*%%@(( %%@((*%/@(( %/@((*%)@(( %)@((*%+@(( %+@((*%9@(( %9@((*2%@(( 2%@((*2/@(( 2/@((*(%@(( (%@((*(/@(( )eridian )other: Child #ung #B*9T#$*K #B*) #arge 3ntestine #3*%%T#B*9 #3*2 <tomach <"*7%T#3*%% <"*7) <pleen <D*2T<"*7% <D*) 1eart 1"*9T<D*2 1"*+ <mall 3ntestine <3*/T1"*9 <3*K Brinary Bladder BB*,+T<3*/ BB*,) Cidney C3*+TBB*,+ C3*% Dericardium DC*9TC3*+ DC*+ "riple Burner "B*/TDC*9 "B*%( ?all Bladder ?B*7/T"B*/ ?B*/K #iver #$*KT?B*7/ #$*2

Z 3n Aapanese acupuncture the mother point of the meridian previously open is used in stead of the mother point on the meridian currently open.

"a Zi a . )other 0 Child points

4other and child points are used to manipulate e:cessive and deficient energy in the meridians Tonify the mother 3f a meridian is deficient then the mother is tonified. "he mother is the point previous to the point that has the same element as the open meridian. 'the point previous to the horary point2lternatively to the chinese approach is the Aapanese approach here the mother on the meridian previous to the open meridian is tonified. 8educe the child 3f a meridian is in e:cess then the child is reduced. "he child is the point ne:t to the point that has the same element as the open meridian. 'the point ne:t to the horary point(+ample Bet een 08677 an$ 09677 local solartime the ;rinary Bladder meridian is open. "o tonify the Brinary Bladder meridian 'Water- the mother point ;B.<= is tonified. 'this is the point previous to the 9ater point on the Brinary Bladder meridian- 2lternatively the mother point on the meridian previously open &5.> can be chosen. "o reduce the Brinary Bladder meridian 'Water- the child point ;B.<- is tonified. 'this is the point ne:t to the 9ater point on the Brinary Bladder meridian-

(+it point ? ne+t (ntry point (/@((*()@(( #ung #B*+ #3*7Z ()@((*(+@(( #arge 3ntestine #3*2( <"*%Z (+@((*(9@(( <tomach <"*72 <D*%Z (9@((*%%@(( <pleen <D*2% 1"*%Z %%@((*%/@(( 1eart 1"*9 <3*%Z %/@((*%)@(( <mall 3ntestine <3*%9 BB*%Z Brinary %)@((*%+@(( BB*,+ C3*%Z Bladder %+@((*%9@(( Cidney C3*22 DC*%Z %9@((*2%@(( Dericardium DC*K "B*%Z 2%@((*2/@(( "riple Burner "B*22 ?B*%Z 2/@((*(%@(( ?all Bladder ?B*7% #$*%Z (%@((*(/@(( #iver #$*%7 #B*%Z Timespan )eridian Z .ntry point of meridian that ill be open ne:t "he meridian and point's- highlighted are the actual open meridian and point's- at a longitude of ( degrees '?reen ich BC-. "o find the actual open meridian and open points for your location, please set your address

"a Zi a . (+it and ne+t (ntry points

2ccording to the 8i 9u cycle, energy flo s through the meridians from one to the other in a certain order. .nergy leaves a meridian through the .:it point and enters the ne:t meridian through the entry point. .:it and entry point are mostly the last and the first point on a meridian ' ith several e:eptions-. (+ample Bet een 08677 an$ 09677 local solartime the ;rinary Bladder meridian is open. "he .:it point point of the Brinary Bladder meridian is ;B.<=. "he .:it point is combined ith the .ntry point of the meridian that ll be open ne:t @5.#. )odern application Yin meridians generally start and end their path ays on the chest. "herefore these points are very suitable for treating problems ith of chest, lungs and heart. Yang meridians generally start and end their path ays on the head. "herefore these points are very suitable for treating problems of the head, neck and mental problems.