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REPRDUCTIVE SYSTEM TARGET ORGAN THE VAGINA.

The vagina is the muscular canal that extends from the opening of the vulva (the external female genitals) to the cervix, the lower part of the uterus. NAME OF SURGERY Episiotomy Colporrhaphy. Surgical repair of the vagina may be necessary after childbirth, sexual assault, or other injuries. Colpotomy. This incision into the wall of the vagina may be used to excise ovarian cysts, perform tubal ligation , or remove uterine fibroids. Colposcopy. A colposcope is a specialized instrument used to visualize the vagina and cervix, to diagnose abnormalities, or to test for the presence of precancerous or cancerous cells. Female circumcision (also known as female genital mutilation) is usually performed for cultural and social reasons by family members and others who are not members of the medical profession, with no anesthesia. PRE OP POST OP A Foley catheter may remain for one to two days after surgery. The patient will be given a liquid diet until normal bowel function returns. The patient will be instructed to avoid activities for several weeks that will cause strain on the surgical site, including lifting, coughing, long periods of standing, sneezing, straining with bowel movements, and sexual intercourse.

THE UTERUS. The uterus is the hollow, muscular organ at the top of the vagina.

Myomectomy. A procedure in which myomas (uterine fibroids) are surgically removed from the uterus. Cesarean section . A surgical procedure in which incisions are made through the woman's abdomen and uterus to deliver her baby. Cervical cerclage . The cervix is stitched closed to prevent a miscarriage or premature birth. Cervical cryosurgery. Cryosurgery freezes and destroys an area of the cervix in which precancerous cells have been found. Induced abortion. The intentional termination of a pregnancy before the fetus can

After the cerclage has been placed, the patient will be observed for at least several hours (sometimes overnight) to ensure that she does not go into premature labor. -often followed by a heavy and often odorous discharge during the first month after the procedure.

-Abnormal pap smear

live independently. Hysterectomy. The removal of part or all of the uterus may be done to treat uterine cancer, fibroid tumors, endometriosis, uterine prolapse, or other conditions of the uterus. Hysterotomy. This incision into the uterus is done during a cesarean section, open fetal surgery , and some second-trimester abortions. Dilatation and curettage. D&C is a gynecological procedure in which the cervix is dilated (expanded) and the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is scraped away.

THE OVARIES. The ovaries are egg-shaped structures located to each side of the uterus. It is within the ovaries that the female egg develops. A mature egg is released from one of the ovaries approximately every 28 days during a process called ovulation.

Oophorectomy. One or both ovaries may be removed during this procedure to prevent or treat ovarian or other cancers, to remove large ovarian cysts, or to treat endometriosis. Cystectomy . An ovarian cystectomy may be used to remove part of an ovary to treat ovarian tumors or cysts.

THE FALLOPIAN TUBES. The fallopian tubes are the structures that carry a mature egg from the ovaries to the uterus. These tubes, which are about 4 in (10 cm) long and 0.2 in (0.5 cm) in diameter, are found on the upper outer sides of the uterus, and open into the uterus through small channels.

Salpingostomy. An incision is made in the fallopian tube, often to excise an ectopic pregnancy. Salpingectomy. One or both fallopian tubes are removed in this procedure. It may be used to treat ruptured or bleeding fallopian tubes (as a result of ectopic pregnancy), infection, or cancer. Tubal ligation. A permanent form of birth control in which a woman's fallopian tubes are surgically cut or blocked off to prevent pregnancy.

Same with major surgeries

Breast

Breast implantation is a surgical procedure for enlarging, or augmenting, the breast. Implants are breast-shaped pouches that are saccular in shape, made of a silicone outer shell, and filled with silicone gel or saline (salt water), are used. -$3,500 to $5,000 Breast reconstruction is a series of surgical procedures performed to recreate a breast. Breast reduction is a surgical procedure performed to decrease the size of the breasts.

Many normal activities such as driving may be restricted for up to one week. Sutures are usually removed in seven to 10 days. Typically, a woman can resume all routines, including vigorous exercise , in about three weeks. The scars will be red for approximately one month, but will fade to their final appearance within one to two years.

Penis

Circumcision

After circumcision, the wound should be washed daily. An antibiotic ointment or petroleum jelly may be applied to the site. If there is an incision, a wound dressing will be present and should be changed each time the diaper is changed. Sometimes a plastic ring is used instead of a bandage. The ring will usually fall off in five to eight days. The penis will heal in seven to 10 days.

Penile prostheses are semi-rigid or inflatable devices that are implanted into penises to alleviate impotence. Penile fracture Penile fracture is the traumatic rupture of the corpus cavernosum. Traumatic rupture of the penis is relatively uncommon and is considered a urologic emergency. Sudden blunt trauma or abrupt lateral bending of the penis in an erect state can break the markedly thinned and stiff tunica albuginea, resulting in a fractured penis. One or both corpora may be involved, and concomitant injury to the penile urethra may occur. Urethral trauma is more common when both corpora cavernosa are injured. Penectomy is penis removal through surgery, generally for medical or personal reasons.

Testes

Orchiectomy is the surgical removal of one or both testicles, or testes Orchiopexy is a procedure in which a surgeon fastens an undescended testicle inside the scrotum, usually with absorbable sutures. Vasectomy is a surgical procedure performed on adult males in which the vasa deferentia (tubes that carry sperm from the testicles to the seminal vesicles) are cut, tied, cauterized (burned or seared), or otherwise interrupted. Vasovasostomy is a surgical procedure in which the effects of a vasectomy (male sterilization) are reversed.

Both

Sex change or gender reassignment surgery, sex reassignment surgery is a procedure that changes genital organs from one gender to another.

All surgery carries the risks of infection, bleeding, and a need to return for repairs. Gender reassignment surgery is irreversible, so a candidate must have no doubts about accepting the results and outcome.

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