Name Roll no.

Batch

PRAGYA DOGRA

03511403912

Branch & Semester Subject

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my sincere gratitude to my faculty guide Mr. S.TYAGRAJAN, BPIBS, for his guidance, continuous support and cooperation throughout my project, without which the present work would not have been possible. I would also like to thank him for his invaluable encouragement and help in the successful completion of my project. Also, I am thankful to my parents and my friends for their encouragement and support.

(PRAGYA DOGRA)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report titled A STUDY ON WORKFORCE DIVERSITY IN IBM is submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree of Masters of Business Administration at Bhai Parmanand Institute Of Business Studies, Shakarpur, NEW DELHI is a bonafide project carried out by PRAGYA DOGRA (03511403912) under my supervision and guidance.

Mr. S. Tyagrajan (PROJECT GUIDE)

PRAGYA DOGRA (03511403912)

CONTENTS Content Page No.

Chapter-1 (Introduction)... 1-9 Objectives.. ... 10

Limitations. 11 Research Methodology.. 12

Chapter-2(Profile of the Project)...... 13-46

Chapter-3(Analysis and Interpretation of project)..

47-60

Chapter-4(Conclusion)....

61-62

Bibliography .63

OBJECTIVES
The following are the main objectives of the project:

1. To understand the concept of workforce diversity.

2. To know all about workforce diversity at IBM.

3. To collect all the important information related to the result of workforce diversity at IBM.

4. To understand the efficiency of HR managers in managing workforce diversity at IBM.

5. To give suggestions for further inclusion of a productive and diverse workforce at IBM.

LIMITATIONS

Following are the limitations of the project: 1. The following study is based on secondary data that has been collected by various information. It can be biased and it takes lot of time also.

2. It is based on secondary data so no primary data is involved. 3. It can be biased as it is based on secondary data. 4. Time constraint was the major limitation in this project. 5. Another problem was knowledge constraint and this report was an attempt to gather as much of relevant data as possible. 6. It does not cover all relative points about the topic. 7. This report has a limited scope.

CHAPTER -1 IBM HISTORY AND PROFILE

INTROUCTION
1. International Business Machines Corporation ,or IBM, is an American multinational technology and consulting corporation, with headquarters in Armonk, New York, United States. IBM manufactures and markets computer hardware and software, and offers infrastructure, hosting and consulting services in areas ranging from mainframe computers to nanotechnology.[3] 2. The company was founded in 1911 as the Computing Tabulating Recording Company(CTR) through a merger of three companies: the Tabulating Machine Company, the International Time Recording Company, and the Computing Scale Company.[4][5] CTR adopted the name International Business Machines in 1924, using a name previously designated to CTR's subsidiary in Canada and later South America. Security analysts nicknamed IBM Big Blue in recognition of IBM's common use of blue in products, packaging, and logo.[6] 3. In 2012, Fortune ranked IBM the #2 largest U.S. firm in terms of number of employees (433,362),[2] the #4 largest in terms of market capitalization,[7] the #9

most profitable,[8]and the #19 largest firm in terms of revenue.[9] Globally, the company was ranked the #31 largest in terms of revenue by Forbes for 2011.[10][11] Other rankings for 2011/2012 include #1 company for leaders (Fortune), #1 green company worldwide (Newsweek), #2 best global brand (Interbrand), #2 most respected company (Barron's), #5 most admired company (Fortune), and #18 most innovative company (Fast Company).[12] 4. IBM has 12 research laboratories worldwide and, as of 2013, has held the record for most patents generated by a company for 20 consecutive years.[13] Its employees have garnered five Nobel Prizes, six Turing Awards, ten National Medals of Technology, and five National.[14] Famous inventions by IBM include the automated teller machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the Universal Product Code (UPC), the financial swap, SABRE airline reservation system, DRAM, and Watson artificial intelligence. 5. The company has undergone several organizational changes since its inception, acquiring companies such as Kenexa (2012) and SPSS (2009) and organizations such as PwC's consulting business (2002), spinning off companies like Lexmark (1991), and selling off product lines like ThinkPad to Lenovo (2005).

IBM- HISTORY

1. 18801929

"THINK"

MENU 0:00 Thomas J. Watson, who led IBM from 1914 1956, discussing the company's motto "THINK"

Problems listening to this file? See media help. Starting in the 1880s, various technologies came into existence that would form part of IBM's predecessor company. Julius E. Pitrap patented the computing scale in 1885;[15] Alexander Dey invented the dial recorder (1888);[16]in 1889, Herman Hollerith patented the Electric Tabulating Machine[17] and Willard Bundy invented a time clock to record a worker's arrival and departure time on a paper tape.[18] On June 16, 1911, these technologies and their respective companies were merged by Charles Ranlett Flint to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (C-T-R).[19] TheNew York City-based company had 1,300 employees

and offices and plants in Endicott and Binghamton, New York; Dayton, Ohio; Detroit, Michigan; Washington, D.C.; and Toronto, Ontario. It manufactured and sold machinery ranging from commercial scales and industrial time recorders to meat and cheese slicers, along with tabulators and punched cards. Flint recruited Thomas J. Watson, Sr., from the National Cash Register Company to help lead the company in 1914.[19] Watson implemented "generous sales incentives, a focus on customer service, an insistence on well-groomed, dark-suited salesmen and an evangelical fervor for instilling company pride and loyalty in every worker".[20] His favorite slogan, "THINK", became a mantra for CT-R's employees, and within 11 months of joining C-T-R, Watson became its president.[20] The company focused on providing large-scale, custom-built tabulating solutions for businesses, leaving the market for small office products to others. During Watson's first four years, revenues more than doubled to $9 million and the company's operations expanded to Europe, South America, Asia, and Australia.[20]On February 14, 1924, C-T-R was renamed the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM),[12] citing the need to align its name with the "growth and extension of [its] activities".[21]

2. 19301979

NACA researchers using an IBM type 704 electronic data processing machine in 1957

In 1937, IBM's tabulating equipment enabled organizations to process unprecedented amounts of data, its clients including the U.S. Government, during its first effort to maintain the employment records for 26 million people

pursuant to the Social Security Act,[22] and the Third Reich,[23] largely through the German subsidiary Dehomag. During the Second World War the company produced small arms for the American war effort (M1 Carbine, and Browning Automatic Rifle). In 1952, Thomas J. Watson, Jr., became president of the company, ending almost 40 years of leadership by his father. In 1956, Arthur L. Samuel of IBM's Poughkeepsie, New York, laboratory programmed an IBM 704 to play checkers using a method in which the machine can "learn" from its own experience. It is believed to be the first "self-learning" program, a demonstration of the concept of artificial intelligence. In 1957, IBM developed the FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation) scientific programming language. In 1961, Thomas J. Watson, Jr., was elected chairman of the board andAlbert L. Williams became president of the company. IBM develops the SABRE (Semi-Automatic Business-Related Environment) reservation system for American Airlines. The IBM Selectric typewriter was a highly successful model line of electric typewriters introduced by IBM on July 31, 1961. In 1963, IBM employees and computers helped NASA track the orbital flight of the Mercury astronauts, and a year later, the company moved its corporate headquarters from New York City to Armonk, New York. The latter half of that decade saw IBM continue its support of space exploration, with IBM participating in the 1965 Gemini flights, the 1966 Saturn flights, and the 1969 mission to land a man on the moon. On April 7, 1964 IBM announced the first computer system family, the IBM System/360. Sold between 1964 and 1978, it was the first family of computers designed to cover the complete range of applications, from small to large, both commercial and scientific. For the first time, companies could upgrade their computing capabilities with a new model without rewriting their applications. In 1974, IBM engineer George J. Laurer developed the Universal Product Code.[24] On October 11, 1973, IBM introduced the IBM 3660, a laser-scanning point-of-sale barcode reader which would become the workhorse of retail checkouts. On June 26, 1974, at Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, a pack

of Wrigley's Juicy Fruit chewing gum was the first-ever product scanned. That pack is now on display at the Smithsonian Institutions National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C.

IBM's Blue Gene supercomputers were awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama on September 18, 2009.

In the late 1970s, IBM underwent some internal convulsions between those in management wanting to concentrate on their bread-and-butter mainframe business, and those wanting the company to invest heavily in the emerging personal computer industry.

3. 1980present Financial swaps were first introduced to the public in 1981 when IBM and the World Bank entered into a swap agreement.[25] The IBM PC, originally designated IBM 5150, was introduced in 1981, and it soon became the industry standard. In 1991, IBM sold Lexmark, and in 2002, it acquired PwC consulting. In 2003, IBM initiated a project to rewrite its company values. Using its Jam technology, the company hosted Internet-based online discussions on key business issues with 50,000 employees over 3 days. The discussions were analyzed by sophisticated text analysis software (eClassifier) to mine online comments for themes. As a result of the 2003 Jam, the company values were updated to reflect three modern business, marketplace and employee views: "Dedication to every client's success", "Innovation that mattersfor our company and for the world", "Trust and personal responsibility in all relationships".[26] In 2004, another Jam was conducted during which 52,000 employees

exchanged best practices for 72 hours. They focused on finding actionable ideas to support implementation of the values previously identified.[27]

IBM showing their various innovations at CeBIT 2010 in Hanover, Germany

In 2005, the company sold its personal computer business to Lenovo, and in the same year, agreed to acquire Micromuse.[28] A year later, IBM launched Secure Blue, a low-cost hardware design for data encryption that can be built into a microprocessor.[29] In 2009, it acquired software company SPSS Inc. Later in 2009, IBM's Blue Gene supercomputing program was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama.

In 2011, IBM gained worldwide attention for its artificial intelligence program Watson, which was exhibited on Jeopardy! where it won against game show champions Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter. As of 2011, IBM had been the top annual recipient of U.S. patents for 19 consecutive years.[30]

IBM's closing value of $214 billion on September 29, 2011 surpassed Microsoft which was valued at $213.2 billion. It was the first time since 1996 that IBM exceeded its software rival based on closing price. On August 16, 2012, IBM announced it entered an agreement to buyTexas Memory Systems. [31] Later that month, IBM announced it has agreed to buy Kenexa. The acquisition is expected to close in the fourth quarter.[32] The deal is worth $1.3 billion dollars and was paid in cash by IBM.[33]

IBM India Limited - A Profile

IBM India Limited, a subsidiary of IBM Inc. (International Business Machines Corporation), was set up in September 1999. IBM has been present in India since 1992, then through a joint venture with the Tata Group. Since its inception, IBM India has expanded its operations considerably with offices in 14 cities and regional headquarters in Bangalore, New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Chennai. The company has emerged as one of the leaders in the Indian Information Technology (IT) Industry. Products and Services Portfolio: IBM has the e-business capabilities, products, services and partner network to help large and Small enterprises plan, build and implement the e-business infrastructure they need to thrive in the Internet economy. Linux support has further enhanced IBMs e-business infrastructure enabler capability. IBM is the only company in the world that offers end-to end solutions to the customers

from hardware to software, services and consulting. The company also offers finance and leasing facilities to its customers. IBMs Hardware offerings: IBMs Personal Computing Division offers a range of personal computing devices such as IBM ThinkPad notebooks, desktops, workstations and monitors. This integrated family of end-to-end Think offerings are simpler, reliable, more secure and resilient; and require fewer resources to deploy, manage and support. Enterprise Server Group offers a portfolio of servers, storage and print solutions to meet all e-business requirements. The eServers (xSeries, iSeries, pSeries, and zSeries) offer a broad range of products from low-range, mid-range to high-end servers and mainframes, presenting customers with the best technologies and practices to support their e-business infrastructure requirements. IBM has been providing leading-edge storage technology to organisations around the world for nearly half a century. IBM offers a complete portfolio of storage networking products and solutions that not only includes LTO, SAN, NAS but also IP Storage - iSCSI appliances and gateways. IBM Software Group offers its customers comprehensive solutions to meet their ebusiness requirements. IBM Software is organized around four segments offering bestof-breed solutions for financial services, manufacturing, process, distribution, government. Infrastructure and small & medium business sectors: 1. Transformation and Integration: A family of middleware called the IBM WebSphere software platform that focuses on the fundamental IT infrastructure required for any ebusiness initiative planned by organisations. Key products that are central to the

WebSphere software platform include: WebSphere Application Server, WebSphere Commerce Suite, WebSphere Studio, MQSeries, VisualAge development tools and CICS. 2. Leveraging Information: Focused on gathering, managing and analyzing reams of data for organisations, IBM offers a portfolio of database management tools such as DB2 Universal Database, IBM Content Manager, DB2 OLAP Server, DB2 Everyplace, IBM Warehouse Manager, IBM Enterprise Information Portal, and HotMedia. About 70% of all the corporate data in the world is managed by IBM software residing on IBM servers. Data management continues to be an area of significant growth for the company. 3. Leveraging Know-How: The Lotus product line helps organisations leverage its collective wisdom to increase responsiveness and innovation through tools that enable information sharing, knowledge management and collaboration with partners, suppliers, employees and customers. 4. Managing Technology: IBM helps its customers manage complex networks running on multiple platforms through its Tivoli range of products. Tivoli software provides a seamlessly integrated, flexible and secure e-business infrastructure management solution for traditional enterprises, emerging e-businesses, and Internet businesses IBM Global Services, is one of the largest players in India offering IT services such as Integrated Technology Services, Strategic Outsourcing and Learning Services. IBM Business Consulting Services (IBM BCS) is the newly established consulting arm of IBM Corporation, formed after the merger of erstwhile PwC Consulting and IBM globally in 2002. With more than 60,000 consultants and professional staff in more than 160 countries globally, IBM Business Consulting Services (IBM BCS) is the world's as well as Indias largest consulting services organisation. IBM Business Consulting Services provides clients with business process and industry expertise, a deep understanding of quality technology solutions that address specific industry issues, and the ability to design, build and run those solutions in a way that delivers bottomline business value.

In India, IBM BCS offer businesses, quality solutions, ranging from Strategic Consulting, Supply Chain and Operations, Financial Operations, Human Capital, Customer Relationship Management, e-business integration, Business Transformation Outsourcing across a broad spectrum of industry segments including Communications, Distribution, Finance, Industrial and Energy and Utilities. IBM Global Financing, provides flexible and attractive financing and leasing programs to fund Information Technology (IT) requirements of Indian customers. IGF helps customers through greater access to the hardware, software, solutions and services essential to compete in the global marketplace. 3Customers can buy IBM products from its Business Partners. Also, IBM sells its range of desktop computers, ThinkPad mobile computers and Netfinity Intelbased servers or through ShopIBM (htttp://www.ibm.com/in), an online product store. India is an important market for IBM and the company has been making significant investments from time to time.

IBM Solution Partnership Center, Bangalore: (One among 10 facilities worldwide) Independent Software Vendors are encouraged to port their solutions on IBM platforms in this Center and develop Web based applications for Indian customers.

Linux Solution Center, Bangalore: (One among 7 facilities worldwide) The center supports Business Partners and Independent Service vendors across the ASEAN / South Asia region.

IBM Linux Competency Center, Bangalore: (One among only 4 facilities in Asia) This center develops standards and embedded software for open source, undertaking highend research in the area for IBM Worldwide. Software Development Centers, Bangalore and Pune: The two labs focus on design, development and implementation of solutions for IBM's worldwide customers and laboratories. The facility enables development of operating systems including Linux, networking protocols, high-end graphics and multimedia, databases and compilers, parallel computing, object oriented technology, Java, XML and high end applications in manufacturing, banking and finance, telecom and media, and retail and distribution.

India Research Laboratory, Delhi: (One among 8 facilities worldwide) The Laboratory built in association with Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi is focusing on areas critical to expanding India's technology infrastructure including weather forecasting, electronic commerce, supply chain management and distribution, cellular and mobile telephony systems and distance learning.

Global e-business Software Center, Gurgaon: This state-of-the-art center combines IBM's global experience and technology expertise to deliver e-business solutions for Indian organisations. The Center offers IBMs customers a range of services including technical consultation, proof of concept and technical presentations, implementation planning, solution architecture, application design and development, deployment, and education and training. The e-Governance Centre, a part of this facility offers technology, support and infrastructure to help governments and Total Service Providers to design, develop, test and port prototypes of e-Governance applications.

Manufacturing Facility, Pondicherry: Set up in 1999, the plant currently manufactures commercial desktops, low and mid-range servers. Local manufacturing has helped in reaching products to customers faster, besides giving the flexibility to configure the systems to specific customer requirements 4IBM shares the belief that India can unleash its true potential only through making IT available to and usable for large numbers of people. A key area of action is IT education, and particularly education for the masses. IBM has partnering relationships in India with a number of educational institutions including the IITs at Delhi, Kanpur and Chennai.

The company is making a significant contribution to the field of mass education through its support to the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. IBM has contributed equipment, software and a three-year grant towards operational expenses to the Bhavan's Mumbai and Delhi Centers. IBM has also set up an IT Center in Mumbai in association with Victoria Memorial School for the Blind to impart IT education to visually impaired people. IBM looks forward to continuing its multi-faceted contribution and is committed to India, both as a market and as a resource base.

Corporate affairs
IBM's headquarters complex is located in Armonk, Town of North Castle, New York, United States.[34][35][36] The 283,000-square-foot (26,300 m2) IBM building has three levels of custom curtain wall. The building is located on a 25-acre (10 ha) site.[37] IBM has been headquartered in Armonk since 1964.[38] The company has twelve research labs worldwideAlmaden, Austin, Australia, Brazil, China, Dublin, Israel, India, Tokyo, Watson (New York), Zurich and Nairobiwith Watson (dedicated in 1961) serving as headquarters for the research division and the site of its annual meeting. Other campus installations include towers in Montreal, Paris, and Atlanta; software labs in RaleighDurham, Rome andToronto; buildings in Chicago, Johannesburg, and Seattle; and facilities in Hakozaki and Yamato. The company also operates the IBM Scientific Center, Hursley House, the Canada Head Office Building, IBM Rochester, and the Somers Office Complex. The company's contributions to architecture and design, including Chicago's 330 North Wabash building designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, were recognized with the 1990 Honor Award from the National Building Museum.[39] IBM's Board of Directors, with 14 members, is responsible for the overall management of the company. With Cathie Black's resignation from the board in November 2010, the remaining 13 members (along with their affiliation and year of joining the board) are as follows: Alain J. P. Belda '08 (Alcoa), William R. Brody '07 (Salk Institute / Johns Hopkins University), Kenneth Chenault '98 (American Express), Michael L. Eskew '05 (UPS), Shirley Ann Jackson '05 (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute), Andrew N. Liveris '10 (Dow Chemical), W. James McNerney, Jr. '09 (Boeing), James W. Owens '06 (Caterpillar), Samuel J.

Palmisano '00 (IBM), Joan Spero '04 (Doris Duke Charitable Foundation), Sidney Taurel '01 (Eli Lilly), and Lorenzo Zambrano '03 (Cemex).[40]

Various IBM facilities

IBM Rochester (Minnesota), nicknamed the "Big Blue Zoo"

IBM Avenida de Amrica Building inMadrid, Spain

Somers (New York) Office Complex, designed by I.M. Pei

IBM Japan Makuhari Technical Center, designed by Yoshio Taniguchi

IBM Haifa Research Lab, Haifa, Israel

Corporate recognition and brand

In 2012, Fortune ranked IBM the #2 largest U.S. firm in terms of number of employees,[2] the #4 largest in terms of market capitalization,[7] the #9 most profitable,[8] and the #19 largest firm in terms of revenue.[9] Globally, the company was ranked the #31 largest firm in terms of revenue by Forbes for 2011.[10] Other rankings for 2011/2012 include the following:[12]

#1 company for leaders (Fortune) #1 green company worldwide (Newsweek)[41] #2 best global brand (Interbrand) #2 most respected company (Barron's)[42] #5 most admired company (Fortune) #18 most innovative company (Fast Company)

For 2010, IBM's brand was valued by Interbrand at $64.7 billion.[43] For 2012, Vault ranked IBM Global Technology Services #1 in tech consulting for cyber security, operations and implementation, and public sector; and #2 in outsourcing.[44]

Working at IBM
IBM's employee management practices can be traced back to its roots. In 1914, CEO Thomas J. Watson boosted company spirit by creating employee sports teams, hosting family outings, and furnishing a company band. In 1924 the Quarter Century Club, which recognizes employees with 25 years of service, was organized and the first issue of Business Machines, IBM's internal publication, was published. In 1925, the first meeting of the Hundred Percent Club, composed of IBM salesmen who meet their quotas, convened in Atlantic City, New Jersey. IBM was among the first corporations to provide group life insurance (1934), survivor benefits (1935) and paid vacations (1937). In 1932 IBM created an Education Department to oversee training for employees, which oversaw the completion of the IBM Schoolhouse at Endicott in 1933. In 1935, the employee magazine Think was created. Also that year, IBM held its first training class for women systems service professionals. In 1942, IBM launched a program to train and employ disabled people in Topeka, Kansas. The next year classes begin in New York City, and soon the company was asked to join the President's Committee for Employment of the Handicapped. In 1946, the company hired its first black salesman, 18 years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In 1947, IBM announced a Total and Permanent Disability Income Plan for employees. A vested rights pension was added to the IBM retirement plan. In 1952, Thomas J. Watson, Jr., published the company's first written equal opportunity policy letter, one year before the U.S. Supreme Court decision in Brown vs. Board of Education and 11 years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964. In 1961, IBM's nondiscrimination policy was expanded to include sex, national origin, and age. The following year, IBM hosted its first Invention Award Dinner honoring 34 outstanding IBM inventors; and in 1963, the company named the

first eight IBM Fellows in a new Fellowship Program that recognizes senior IBM scientists, engineers and other professionals for outstanding technical achievements.

An IBM delivery tricycle in Johannesburg, South Africa in 1965

On September 21, 1953, Thomas Watson, Jr., the company's president at the time, sent out a controversial letter to all IBM employees stating that IBM needed to hire the best people, regardless of their race, ethnic origin, or gender. He also publicized the policy so that in his negotiations to build new manufacturing plants with the governors of two states in the U.S. South, he could be clear that IBM would not build "separate-but-equal" workplaces.[45] In 1984, IBM added sexual orientation to its nondiscrimination policy. The company stated that this would give IBM a competitive advantage because IBM would then be able to hire talented people its competitors would turn down.[46]

IBM was the only technology company ranked in Working Mother magazine's Top 10 for 2004, and one of two technology companies in 2005.[47][48] On October 10, 2005, IBM became the first major company in the world to commit formally to not use genetic information in employment decisions. The announcement was made shortly after IBM began working with the National Geographic Society on its Genographic Project.

IBM provides same-sex partners of its employees with health benefits and provides an anti-discrimination clause. The Human Rights Campaign has consistently rated IBM 100% on its index of gay-friendliness since 2003 (in 2002,

the year it began compiling its report on major companies, IBM scored 86%).[49] In 2007 and again in 2010, IBM UK was ranked first in Stonewall's annual Workplace Equality Index for UK employers.[50] The company has traditionally resisted labor union organizing,[51] although unions represent some IBM workers outside the United States. In 2009, the Unite union stated that several hundred employees joined following the announcement in the UK of pension cuts that left many employees facing a shortfall in projected pensions.[52] A dark (or gray) suit, white shirt, and a "sincere" tie[53] was the public uniform for IBM employees for most of the 20th century. During IBM's management transformation in the 1990s, CEO Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. relaxed these codes, normalizing the dress and behavior of IBM employees to resemble their counterparts in other large technology companies. Since then IBM's dress code is business casualalthough employees often wear business suits during client meetings.[54] On June 16, 2011, as part of the its centenary celebrations[55] the company announced IBM100, a year-long grants program to fund employee participation in volunteer projects.

Research and inventions

An anechoic chamber inside IBM's Yamato research facility

In 1945, The Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory was founded at Columbia University inNew York, New York. The renovated fraternity house on Manhattan's

West Side was used as IBM's first laboratory devoted to pure science. The lab was the forerunner of IBM's Research Division, which today operates research facilities around the world. In 1966, IBM researcher Robert H. Dennard invented Dynamic Random Access Memory(DRAM) cells, one-transistor memory cells that store each single bit of information as an electrical charge in an electronic circuit. The technology permits major increases in memory density and is widely adopted throughout the industry where it remains in widespread use today. IBM has been a leading proponent of the Open Source Initiative, and began supporting Linuxin 1998.[56] The company invests billions of dollars in services and software based on Linux through the IBM Linux Technology Center, which includes over 300 Linux kerneldevelopers.[57] IBM has also released code under different open source licenses, such as the platform-independent software frameworkEclipse (worth approximately US$40 million at the time of the donation),[58] the three-sentence International Components for Unicode(ICU) license, and the Java-based relational database management system (RDBMS) Apache Derby. IBM's open source involvement has not been trouble-free, however (see SCO v. IBM).

Famous inventions by IBM include the following:

Automated teller machine (ATM) Floppy disk Hard disk drive Electronic keypunch Magnetic stripe card Virtual machine Scanning tunneling microscope Reduced instruction set computing Relational database

Universal Product Code (UPC) Financial swap SABRE airline reservation system Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) Watson artificial intelligence

Selected current projects

1. DeveloperWorks is a website run by IBM for software developers and IT professionals. It contains how-to articles and tutorials, as well as software downloads and code samples, discussion forums, podcasts, blogs, wikis, and other resources for developers and technical professionals. Subjects range from open, industry-standard technologies like Java, Linux, SOA and web services, web development,Ajax, PHP, and XML to IBM's products (WebSphere, Rational, Lotus, Tivoli and Information Management). In 2007, developerWorks was inducted into the Jolt Hall of Fame.[59] alphaWorks is IBM's source for emerging software technologies. These technologies include:

Flexible Internet Evaluation Report Architecture A highly flexible architecture for the design, display, and reporting of Internet surveys. IBM History Flow Visualization Application A tool for visualizing dynamic, evolving documents and the interactions of multiple collaborating authors. IBM Linux on POWER Performance Simulator A tool that provides users of Linux on Power a set of performance models for IBM'sPOWER processors. Database File Archive And Restoration Management An application for archiving and restoring hard disk drive files using file references stored in a database.

Policy Management for Autonomic Computing A policy-based autonomic management infrastructure that simplifies the automation of IT and business processes. FairUCE A spam filter that verifies sender identity instead of filtering content. Unstructured Information Management Architecture (UIMA) SDK A Java SDK that supports the implementation, composition, and deployment of applications working with unstructured data. Accessibility Browser A web-browser specifically designed to assist people with visual impairments, to be released as open source software. Also known as the "A-Browser," the technology will aim to eliminate the need for a mouse, relying instead completely on voice-controls, buttons and predefined shortcut keys.

Watson, an IBM artificial intelligence computer, is capable of "learning" as it operates.

2. Virtually all console gaming systems of the latest generation use microprocessors developed by IBM. The Xbox 360 contains a PowerPC tri-core processor, which was designed and produced by IBM in less than 24 months.[60] Sony's PlayStation 3features the Cell BE microprocessor designed jointly by IBM, Toshiba, and Sony. IBM also provided the microprocessor that serve as the heart of Nintendo's new Wii Usystem, which debuted in 2012.[61] The new Power Architecture-based microprocessor includes IBM's latest technology in an energy-saving silicon package.[62] Nintendo'sseventh-generation console, Wii, features an IBM chip codenamed Broadway. The olderNintendo GameCube utilizes the Gekko processor, also designed by IBM. 3. In May 2002, IBM and Butterfly.net, Inc. announced the Butterfly Grid, a commercialgrid for the online video gaming market.[63] In March 2006, IBM

announced separate agreements with Hoplon Infotainment, Online Game Services Incorporated (OGSI), and RenderRocket to provide ondemand content management and blade server computing resources.[64] 4. IBM announced it will launch its new software, called "Open Client Offering" which is to run on Linux, Microsoft Windows and Apple'sMac OS X. The company states that its new product allows businesses to offer employees a choice of using the same software on Windows and its alternatives. This means that "Open Client Offering" is to cut costs of managing whether to use Linux or Apple relative to Windows. There will be no necessity for companies to pay Microsoft for its licenses for operating systems since the operating systems will no longer rely on software which is Windows-based. One alternative to Microsoft's office document formats is the Open Document Format software, whose development IBM supports. It is going to be used for several tasks like: word processing, presentations, along with collaboration with Lotus Notes, instant messaging and blog tools as well as an Internet Explorer competitor the Mozilla Firefox web browser. IBM plans to install Open Client on 5% of its desktop PCs. The Linux offering has been made available as the IBM Client for Smart Work product on the Ubuntu and Red Hat Enterprise Linux platforms.[65] 5. The UC2 (Unified Communications and Collaboration) Client Platform is an IBM and Cisco Systems joint project based on Eclipse andOSGi. It will offer the numerous Eclipse application developers a unified platform for an easier work environment. The software based on UC2 platform will provide major enterprises with easy-to-use communication solutions, such as the Lotus based Sametime. In the future the Sametime users will benefit from such additional functions as click-to-call and voice mailing.[66] 6. Redbooks are publicly available online books about best practices with IBM products. They describe the products features, field experience and dos and don'ts, while leaving aside marketing buzz. Available formats are Redbooks, Redpapers and Redpieces.

7. Extreme Blue is a company initiative that uses experienced IBM engineers, talented interns, and business managers to develop high-value technology. The project is designed to analyze emerging business needs and the technologies that can solve them. These projects mostly involve rapidprototyping of high-profile software and hardware projects.[67] 8. In 2006, IBM launched Secure Blue, encryption hardware that can be built into microprocessors. A year later, IBM unveiled Project Big Green, a redirection of $1 billion per year across its businesses to increase energy efficiency. On November 2008, IBMs CEO, Sam Palmisano, during a speech at the Council on Foreign Relations, outlined a new agenda for building a Smarter Planet.[68] On March 1, 2011, IBM announced the Smarter Computing framework to support Smarter Planet.[69] On Aug 18, 2011, as part of its effort in cognitive computing, IBM has produced chips that imitate neurons and synapses. These microprocessors do not use von Neumann architecture, and they consume less memory and power.[70] 9. IBM also holds the SmartCamp program globally. The program searches for fresh start-up companies that IBM can partner with to solve world problems. IBM holds 17 SmartCamp events around the world.[71] Since July 2011, IBM has partnered with Pennies, the electronic charity box, and produced a software solution for IBM retail customers that provides an easy way to donate money when paying in-store by credit or debit card. Customers donate just a few pence (1p-99p) a time and every donation goes to UK charities.

Environmental record
IBM was recognized as one of the "Top 20 Best Workplaces for Commuters" by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) in 2005. The award

was to recognize Fortune 500 companies which provided employees with excellent commuter benefits to help reduce traffic and air pollution. [72] The birthplace of IBM, Endicott, suffered pollution for decades, however. IBM used liquid cleaning agents in circuit board assembly operation for more than two decades, and six spills and leaks were recorded, including one leak in 1979 of 4,100 gallons from an underground tank. These left behind volatile organic compounds in the town's soil and aquifer. Trace elements of volatile organic compounds have been identified in Endicotts drinking water, but the levels are within regulatory limits. Also, from 1980, IBM has pumped out 78,000 gallons of chemicals, including trichloroethane, freon, benzene and perchloroethene to the air and allegedly caused several cancer cases among the townspeople. IBM Endicott has been identified by the Department of Environmental Conservation as the major source of pollution, though traces of contaminants from a local dry cleaner and other polluters were also found. Despite the amount of pollutant, state health officials could not verify whether air or water pollution in Endicott has actually caused any health problems. According to city officials, tests show that the water is safe to drink.[73] 5. Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd. (TOK) and IBM are collaborating to establish new, low-cost methods for bringing the next generation ofsolar energy products, called CIGS (Copper-Indium-Gallium-Selenide) solar cell modules, to market. Use of thin film technology, such as CIGS, has great promise in reducing the overall cost of solar cells and further enabling their widespread adoption. [74][75] 6. IBM is exploring four main areas of photovoltaic research: using current technologies to develop cheaper and more efficient silicon solar cells, developing new solution processed thin film photovoltaic devices, concentrator photovoltaics, and future generation photovoltaic architectures based upon nanostructures such as semiconductor quantum dots and nanowires.[76]

Company logo and nickname

The company used the "globe" logo until 1946, when it began using an acronymbased logo.

IBM's current "8-bar" logo was designed in 1972 by graphic designer Paul Rand.[77] It was a general replacement for a 13-bar logo that first appeared in the public on the 1966 release of the TSS/360. Logosdesigned in the 1970s tended to be sensitive to the technical limitations of photocopiers, which were then being widely deployed. A logo with large solid areas tended to be poorly copied by copiers in the 1970s, so companies preferred logos that avoided large solid areas. The 1972 IBM logos are an example of this tendency.

With the advent of digital copiers in the mid-1980s this technical restriction had largely disappeared; at roughly the same time, the 13-bar logo was abandoned for almost the opposite reason it was difficult to render accurately on the lowresolution digital printers (240 dots per inch) of the time. The company wrote the IBM initials using individual atoms in 1990, as a demonstration of using a scanning tunneling microscope to move atoms. This was the first structure assembled one atom at a time.[78]

Big Blue is a nickname for IBM. There are several theories explaining the origin of the name. One theory, substantiated by people who worked for IBM at the time, is that IBM field representatives coined the term in the 1960s, referring to the color of the mainframes IBM installed in the 1960s and early 1970s. True Blue referred to a loyal IBM customer, and business writers later picked up the term.[79][80] Another theory suggests that Big Blue refers to the Company's logo. A third theory suggests that Big Blue refers to a former company dress code that required many IBM employees to wear only white shirts and many wore blue suits.[79][81] In any event, IBM keyboards, typewriters, and some other manufactured devices have played on the "Big Blue" concept, using the color for enter keys and carriage returns. IBM has also used blue logos since 1947, making blue the defining color of the company's corporate design, which might be another, more plausible reason for the term.

CHAPTER -2 WORKFORCE DIVERSITY POLICY IN IBM

WORKFORCE DIVERSITY POLICY

The employees of IBM represent a talented and diverse workforce. Achieving the full potential of this diversity is a business priority that is fundamental to our competitive success. A key element in our workforce diversity programs is IBM's long-standing commitment to equal opportunity. Business activities such as hiring, promotion, and compensation of employees, are conducted without regard to race, color, religion, gender, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, genetics, disability, or age. These business activities and the design and administration of IBM benefit plans comply with all applicable laws, including those dealing with equal opportunity. For qualified people with disabilities, IBM makes workplace accommodations that comply with applicable laws, and which IBM determines are reasonable and needed for effective job performance. In respecting and valuing the diversity among our employees, and all those with whom we do business, managers are expected to ensure a working environment that is free of all forms of harassment. This policy is based on sound business judgment and anchored in our IBM Values. Every manager in IBM is expected to abide by our policy, and all applicable laws on this subject, and to uphold IBM's commitment to workforce diversity.

ACHIEVEMENTS IN WORKFORCE DIVERSITY

'Inclusivity' is a way of life at IBM India:

IBM India, winners of the NASSCOM Corporate Award for Excellence in Gender Inclusivity in 2008.

India is a hot destination for skilled labour; yet, amid the burgeoning workforce there remains ample opportunity to build pipelines of talent and leadership among women and people with disabilities (PwD). In such an environment, IBM India has been making its mark as an employer of choice for these diverse groups. In fact, IBM India won the NASSCOM (National Association of Software and Services Companies) Corporate Award for Excellence in Gender Inclusivity in 2008.

At IBM, inclusivity is a long-term commitment that began in 1935 with the companys equal pay policy for men and women. Following the global heritage of many firsts in diversity, IBM India has developed many initiatives that drive inclusivity in the workplace, and also lay a strong foundation for career success for women and people with disabilities.

Hari Raghavan (Solutions Specialist, Banking- FSS, IBM India), receiving the Shell Helen Keller Award 2008.

For example, IBMer Suparna Bhattacharya was the first person in India to become a Senior Technical Staff Member, a huge achievement for any technologist at IBM. Suparna, the first woman executive in India, hails from the IBM India Software Labs. Hari Raghavan, Solution Manager, Banking, visually challenged, won the Helen Keller award in 2008, for being, a disabled person who has been an active ambassador for the cause of employment for disabled people, and is a positive role model for others." He also says that at IBM, demonstrating diversity is a company value, and not simply a charitable act or event.

Empowering women at IBM:

IBM has been acknowledged as a world leader in its commitment to women. As the number of women entering the workforce has increased continually and dramatically over the past two decades, so has IBM's commitment to understanding their needs and providing services that make it possible for them to be productive while fulfilling family and personal obligations. The Advancement of Women is one of six global diversity imperatives at IBM. IBM's philosophy on women derives from the corporate philosophy on workforce diversity. Diversity at IBM is defined to be all-inclusive, encompassing not just race, gender and physical abilities, but differences in culture, lifestyle, age, religion, economic status, sexual orientation and marital status. IBM views workforce diversity as founded on three pillars: equal opportunity, affirmative action, and work/life balancing programs. Equal opportunity is defined as

nondiscrimination and non-harassment, while affirmative action is intended not to provide an advantage, but to eliminate disadvantage and provide all groups a level playing field on which to compete.

Consider Kalpana Margabandhu, IBM Director for Web Sphere Development. With over 25 years of industry experience, Kalpana leads the Web Sphere mission in IBM India's Software Lab. She also leads Adapters, WPG (Web Sphere Partner Gateway), WDI (Web Sphere Data Interchange) and AIM (Application Integration Management) development in India. She was chairperson of the IBM Indian Womens Leadership Council (IWLC) from its inception until 2009, driving various initiatives to enhance the technical, professional and personal development of women employees at IBM India.

IBM India won the National Award in the category of BEST EMPLOYER OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES in 2008.

Hard work, focus on excellence and a positive attitude are Kalpana's motto for success. Kalpana identifies being accepted as the single largest challenge to leadership in a predominantly male work environment. "Though it may take some time, if a woman has the required competence, and the will to stand up for it, she will be accepted as the leader," she adds. When asked for her advice to other women employees, Kalpana states, IBM provides employees with an excellent support system and invests strongly in

individual career development. It is in our interest to use it to help ourselves grow. The best advice I have isyou can do it. The confidence my managers and extended teams had in me has helped me grow. Mangala Gowri, IBM Research staff member from India Research Laboratory says, IBM is one of the few organizations that has a technical ladder. I really enjoy research and developing innovative tools and solutions to real problems. Challenging the notion of the "glass ceiling ", Mangala adds, Competence is the most important factor in breaking the glass ceiling, and getting ahead, especially for women. Anyone who is good at his/her job is unstoppable.

Enabling IBMers with disabilities:

Murali C. Sharma is a young, high achieving IT professional who is also an enthusiastic volunteer with On Demand Community, IBMs worldwide volunteer program. He works with visually challenged people, and is also a NCPEDP (National Centre for Promotion of Employment for Disabled People) Helen Keller Award winner. Murali is also part of the IBM Corporate Service Corp (US) team, engaged in socio-economic projects in Vietnam. Visually challenged himself, Murali has not only overcome his physical challenge to make his mark in life, but is a source of encouragement and support for those around him who are challenged. Summing up his career at IBM, Murali says, I never felt that I am a disabled employee. In fact at IBM, none of my colleagues or managers has ever made me feel different. When they dont see any weakness in me, there is no question of sympathy. They always see abilities in me, as I do see positives in whoever I meet.

"EnABLErs" (a networking group of PwDs

at IBM India) Murali is happy to see more PwDs (People with disabilities) being accommodated across IBM India. He worked on the RESO (Real Estate Site Operations) accessibility study with a team of "EnABLErs" (a networking group of PwDs at IBM India) and proposed several ideas for making all IBM buildings completely accessible. Murali adds: It gives me immense pleasure to know that I am a valuable employee. Moving ahead, IBM India will continue to provide employees with a level playing field so that excellence and achievement are the only criteria for success.

Integrating WORKPLACE AND MARKETPLACE

Diversity in IBM means welcoming all people to the workplace regardless of factors unrelated to job performance. IBM's definition of diversity includes all human characteristics that make us unique as individuals. It includes everyone and excludes no one. Race, gender, geographic origin, culture, lifestyle, age, disability, sexual orientation, economic status, marital status, and religion are just some of the characteristics that define us as people. Our needs are also characteristics that define us as people, for example, the need to take care of our children or aging parents. Diversity is the bridge between the workplace and the marketplace. Integrating these two is one of our key diversity imperatives.

Advancement of women
One of the key diversity focus areas for IBM in India is the Advancement of Women. IBM is committed to recruit, retain and promote the best female staff available and to ensure women remain key to IBM's business success. We focus heavily on mentoring and coaching for women, attend internal and external conferences and symposia, participate in steering committees, emphasize on executive and technical resources programs, regularly carry out work/personal life employee surveys and develop diversity-specific hiring programs.

CHAPTER -3 ACHIEVEMENTS IN WORKFORCE DIVERSITY

1. EMPLOYEE DIVERSITY examples

In 1899, The Computing Scale Company, one of three companies that would eventually join to form IBM, hired Richard MacGregor, a Black employee, as well as Lilly J. Philp, Nettie A. Moore and Emma K. Manske. This was 10 years before the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded, 36 years after President Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation and 20 years before women won the right to vote. In 1924, these same four employees helped inaugurate IBMs first Quarter Century Club. Throughout its history, IBM has consistently led in workplace diversity, from opening a training center for more than 600 people with disabilities in 1943 to to

being the first company to provide domestic partner benefits to gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender employees to becoming the first company to adopt a global genetic nondiscrimination policy in 2005. Diversity, equal opportunity and cultural acceptance are part of IBMs core values; they are in our DNA. And 100 years of leadership in work force diversity, evidenced here, clearly demonstrates the companys ongoing commitment. Today, IBM continues to push the boundaries of diversity. We believe that promoting diversity is not only the right thing to do, but a competitive advantage as wella bridge between the workplace and the marketplace. Our current approach to diversity follows a framework we call Diversity 3.0. The goals of this framework are twofold: 1. To expand the definition of diversity to be ever more inclusive 2. To advocate for diversity on a global basis, wherever we do business. In 2010, IBM once again challenged the accepted definition of diversity by introducing the concept of Diversity of Thought. This important aspect of diversity explores how culture and age impact relationships, and how adaptability and cultural intelligence broaden the capabilities of IBMers to work with each other and our clients. It includes both cultural and generational differences in thought. To foster this, IBM hosted a Cultural Intelligence Summit that generated several different outputs, including a learning roadmap for cultural intelligence and a reverse mentoring program for cultural intelligence. IBM also promoted diversity around the world in 2010. For example, IBM held its annual Winspiration event in Hyderabad, India, in December, bringing together women employees from around the company and empowering them for success in the workplace. The event is hosted by IBMs Indian Womens Leadership Council, and it provides a forum to guide women to best leverage their expertise and hone their leadership skills. This years sessions included Networking with Intent, Building Relationships & Influencing Skills and Accelerating Your Impact through Risk Taking and Decision Making.

In addition to expanding the definition and geographical boundaries of diversity, IBM also works to improve upon its existing programs. For example, the company announced a new streamlined process called Accessible Workplace Connection (AWC) for people with disabilities who require accommodations to complete their work. These often simple solutions can include anything from assistive technology solutionssuch as screen magnifiers for people with low vision, video relay interpreters for people who are deaf or screen readers for people who are blindto more practical logistics-related accommodations such as alternative travel arrangements.

2. Leadership in Workplace Diversity and Employee Privacy

From groundbreaking equal opportunity hiring practices in 1899 to global genetic nondiscrimination policies in 2005, IBM has been a leader in protecting the rights of its workers for more than 100 years. AWC is a streamlined accommodations process that can be integrated into the workplace through a self-service portal in a Web browser. It is also referred to as a one-stop shop for requesting, reviewing and making accommodations for people who have disabilities. The tool enables interactive dialog between employees and the IBM teams responsible for providing accommodations, including expert accommodation specialists. Once a solution is in place, AWC allows individuals to receive ongoing support. It provides a simple way to acquire/support accommodations; tracks whether accommodations are reasonable, comprehensive and effective; helps eliminate process confusion; and offers global consistency. These are just a few examples of the work IBM did to improve workplace diversity over the course of 2010. Going forward, the company will continue to promote diversity around the world, and provide a fair and accepting workplace.

3. IBM MAKING A DIFFERENCE

As a diverse company with strong values, at IBM we believe diversity and inclusiveness are two sides of the same coin. Here diversity bridges the workplace and the marketplace - enabling employees, clients and partners globally to come together to build a smarter planet - and live on it too.

Diversity facts:

IBM was one of the first companies in history to embrace the hiring of qualified personnel regardless of the race, color, gender or creed - IBM's diversity policy was written in 1954 (at the very start of the Civil Rights movement).

IBM proactively engages employees and fosters inclusion and diversity in all activities within the company.

IBMers all over the world spend over 1million hours each year in community service and volunteer work, personally helping the world work better. Work that makes a difference. IBM India diversity focus areas span:

Advancement of Women Integrating the Workplace & Marketplace Workforce Flexibility & Balance Cultural Awareness & Acceptance 'Inclusivity' is a way of life at IBM India Experience the diverse work culture at IBM

4.

Diversity Awards
IBM has received innumerable awards for workforce diversity. In Dec 2009, IBM India received two prestigious awards:

* National Award by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India, for IBM's technology innovation, Spoken Web, recognizing its immense potential for improving the life of people with disability. Three IBM employees were also recognized in individual categories of the National Award.

* Shell-NCPEDP Helen Keller award 2009 for demonstrating policies and practices that promote equal employment opportunity for people with disabilities

5. Workforce flexibility n balance

IBM is committed to creating a workplace culture and environment where employees can balance their responsibilities to work, family, education and other personal needs. We have a long standing commitment to creating a flexible work environment that gives employees more flexibility and control over where, when and how work is done in order to achieve business objectives and meet personal needs. Flexibility here is designed to be a competitive business tool enabling us to attract and retain critical talent and increase effectiveness, focus and productivity. Therefore, the business implications of a flexible work environment must always be considered; and employee initiative, self management, teamwork and accountability are critical success factors. A leader in diversity, IBM is committed to an inclusive work environment where ideas and contributions are welcome, regardless of gender, disability, ethnicity, or sexual orientation. Our organization's commitment to people with disabilities is an important part of a well developed global diversity strategy.

6. Cultural awareness n acceptance

We are committed to providing a workplace where employees feel welcome and valued for who they are: this is achieved through embracing cultural differences. IBM recognizes cultural difference on the basis of ethnic background and sexual preference. We offer a variety of education in the field of Diversity including Diversity and Inclusive Leadership, Culture and Business, Culture and Globalization, Culture Shock: Working Internationally, Going Global, Networking, People with Disabilities, Remote and Mobile Management, Sexual Harassment and Valuing

Diversity. Methods of study range from e-learning (on-line self education) to learning labs (face to face classes).

CHAPTER-4 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Executive Corner - Global Workforce Diversity

Global Workforce Diversity is a cornerstone of IBM's strategy to differentiate itself as one of the world's great companies. The "global" in the title speaks to why IBM works so well. We recognize and value a culture of diversity and inclusiveness as an essential part of how we attract and retain the best talent. Our commitment to diversity is such that we have initiated a global strategic framework for diversity to address how we respond to the plethora of emerging trends in the countries where we help our clients do business. Overall, IBM's intention is to create an environment that maximizes our employees' productivity and connection to the enterprise on a global scale. Achieving this goal requires us to use diversity as a means to engender the innovative culture that defines IBM. That means we're extending beyond the traditional subjects of diversity race, gender, genetics, religion, disability or sexual orientation by aligning diversity with globalization so that it becomes a natural extension of our company's strategy. After all, if we are to succeed, we must mirror our clients and Business Partners. IBM is especially sensitive to the accepted norms of behavior in the various countries where we operate because we have a long history of doing business outside the U.S. We have employees in more than 75 countries, and we do business in over 170 countries. Additionally, since 1975, over half

of IBM's annual revenue has come from outside the U.S., while since 1993, more than half of our employees work outside this country. We've come a long way indeed since our first written Equal Opportunity Policy called for equity in hiring "regardless of race, color, or creed" back in 1953. Now over 69 countries where IBMers work have diversity legislation in place. That's nearly double what it was just three years ago. This is the new era of diversity, the global era. To operate successfully, we must be especially mindful of how we respect and value differences among people in countries and regions. Therefore in all realms of IBM, we will continue to ingrain workforce inclusion into our operations. Our reputation as a leader in this area springs from the active, ongoing and visible engagement of IBM's most senior leaders. Our people recognize and appreciate management's active commitment, and our clients value that commitment. We will continue to raise the bar and adjust to the changing workforce needs. Rest assured, diversity is a reality for every company. An inclusive workplace makes for a creative environment; IBM believes this and will continue to promote global workforce diversity as its key differentiator among all others.

1. IBM India diversity focus areas span:

Advancement of Women Integrating the Workplace & Marketplace Workforce Flexibility & Balance Cultural Awareness & Acceptance 'Inclusivity' is a way of life at IBM India Experience the diverse work culture at IBM

2. Effective management of workforce diversity policy is an important strategic objective of IBM. Every IBM manager is expected to abide by this policy and uphold the company's commitment to workforce diversity. 3. Business activities such as hiring, training, compensation, promotions, transfers, terminations and IBM-sponsored social and recreational activities are conducted without discrimination based on race, color, genetics, religion, gender, gender identity or expression, sexual orientation, national origin, disability, age or status as a special disabled veteran or other veteran covered by the Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Act of 1974, as amended. 4. These business activities and the design and administration of IBM benefit plans comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws, including those dealing with equal opportunity. 5. IBM also makes accommodation for religious observances, which IBM determines reasonable. 6. In respecting and valuing the diversity among their employees and all those with they do business, managers are expected to ensure that there is a work environment free of all forms of discrimination and harassment. 7. To provide equal opportunity and affirmative action for applicants and employees, IBM carries out programs on behalf of women, minorities, people with disabilities, special disabled veterans and other veterans. This includes outreach as well as human resource programs that ensure equity in compensation and opportunity for growth and development. 8. Overall, IBM's intention is to create an environment that maximizes our
employees' productivity and connection to the enterprise on a global scale.

9. Achieving this goal requires us to use diversity as a means to engender the

innovative culture that defines IBM. That means we're extending beyond the traditional subjects of diversity race, gender, genetics, religion, disability or sexual orientation by aligning diversity with globalization so that it becomes a natural extension of our company's strategy.

10. The success of IBM in having a diver se workforce can be evaluated very well by following some of the awards won by it-

IBM has received innumerable awards for workforce diversity. In Dec 2009, IBM India received two prestigious awards:

* National Award by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India, for IBM's technology innovation, Spoken Web, recognizing its immense potential for improving the life of people with disability. Three IBM employees were also recognized in individual categories of the National Award. * Shell-NCPEDP Helen Keller award 2009 for demonstrating policies and practices that promote equal employment opportunity for people with disabilities

11.

AWARDS:

General Diversity Year Award 2013 DiversityBusiness.com ranks IBM in Top 50 Organizations for Multicultural Business Opportunities 2012 IBM awarded Best Workplace Diversity Strategy at the Australia HR Awards 2012 DiversityInc named IBM #1 on its Top 10 Companies for Global Diversity list 2012 DiversityBusiness.com ranks IBM in Top 50 "Multicultural Business Opportunities" list 2012 NILA 2011 Magazine published a "Thank You IBM " article. 2011 IBM named among the top 5 companies for multicultural women by Working Mother Media. 2011 IBM Japan won the grand prize of Toyo Keizai Diversity Management award 2011. 2011 Institutional Investor ranks IBM in top three positions in IT Hardware sector's 2012. All-America Executive Team: Best Investor Relations, and Best CEOs, CFOs and Investor Relations

Year Award Professionals. BLACKS Year Award 2012 2011 2011 2010 IBM named among top 40 companies for diversity (Black Enterprise Magazine). Black Enterprise Magazine named Rod Adkins Corporate Executive of the Year. IBM named among top 40 companies for diversity (Black Enterprise Magazine). IBM named among top 40 Companies for Diversity Employers by Black Enterprise Magazine

Hispanic/Latino Year Award

2012 Latina Style ranks IBM #16 for diversity and inclusion.

2011 GMiS-HENAAC (Hispanic Engineer National Achievement Awards Corporation) honored Fernando Guarin Ph.D., STG, with a Lifetime Achievement award, and Luis Lastras Montanos, Ph.D., IBM Research, with a Luminary Award.

2010 Luis Lastras Montanos, Ph.D., IBM Research received the Hispanics in Technology Award at the Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE) Conference. David Silva, IBM Software Group, received the Diversity Award. 2010 One of the Top 50 Companies for Latinas to Work for in the United States by Latina Style Magazine Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender Year Award

Year Award

2013 IBM Scores 100% on the HRC Corporate Equality Index 2013 for the 11th consecutive year 2012 IBM Australia ranked 3rd in the Top 10 Employer List for the Year at the Pride in Diversity Australian Workplace Equality Index Awards

2012 IBM Australia EAGLE Networking Group received a Star Performing Network Group Award at the Pride in Diversity Australian Workplace Equality Index People with Disabilities Year Award 2011 USBLN Annual Leadership Awards: Supplier Diversity Corporation of the Year. 2011 NTID Center on Employment Outstanding Employer Partner Award. 2011 IBM Canada received the annual award for outstanding support to the Canadian Helen Keller Center. Anita Borg Institute Women of Vision Award, Leadership Category awarded to Chieko Asakawa

2011

CHAPTER -5 RECOMMENDATIONS

What the company can do:

Integrate diversity into management practices. Hold managers accountable for providing development opportunities for women and minority employees and in their performance reviews for concrete and measurable progress toward your organization's D & I goals. Use new forums such as diversity councils or affinity groups to help drive your strategic initiative. Link those goals to your business goals.