Manual

Composite column design

Composite column design All information in this document is subject to modification without prior notice. No part or this manual may be reproduced, stored in a database or retrieval system or published, in any form or in any way, electronically, mechanically, by print, photo print, microfilm or any other means without prior written permission from the publisher. Scia is not responsible for any direct or indirect damage because of imperfections in the documentation and/or the software. Copyright 2008 Scia Group nv. All rights reserved.

Table of contents Introduction.............................................................................................................................................. 1 Typical operations ................................................................................................................................... 2 Defining the project functionality .................................................................................................... 2 Defining the composite column ....................................................................................................... 3 Defining the structural steel section ............................................................................................... 4 Defining the concrete ..................................................................................................................... 4 Completing the model....................................................................................................................... 5 Defining the load cases and corresponding loads ........................................................................ 6 Running the analysis calculations .................................................................................................. 6 Defining the reinforcement .............................................................................................................. 7 Defining the stirrup ......................................................................................................................... 7 Defining the longitudinal steel ...................................................................................................... 10 Defining the parameters for code check in Composite->Setup ................................................. 10 Defining the parameters in Composite->Member data ............................................................... 13 Defining the member buckling data .............................................................................................. 14 Performing the code check for ULS or fire limit state ................................................................. 14 Results: Composite column code check ............................................................................................ 16 ULS check ........................................................................................................................................ 16 Fire resistance checks .................................................................................................................... 19

Introduction
This document describes the composite column functionality within SCIA Engineer. The design checks that can be performed on the composite column and their results are presented in detail. This document may be read in conjunction with the theoretical background document to get a better insight into the working of this module.

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Typical operations
Typical operating sequence in the design check of composite columns would involve the following: Defining the project functionality Defining the composite column using 1D Member->Column or Catalogue blocks. Completing the model Defining the load cases and the corresponding loads Running the analysis calculations Defining the reinforcement Defining the parameters for code check in Composite ->Set up Defining the parameters for code check in Composite->Member data (if required). Defining the member buckling data

Performing the code check for ULS or Fire limit states The above sequence is now illustrated in detail through the sections below.

Defining the project functionality

First and foremost a project is defined with concrete and steel and composite option checked in the functionality. The user has an option to include or not, the composite beams in the structural model based on its requirement. The consequence of selecting the composite beam in the structural model is explained in section . If it is expected to carry out checks pertaining to fire limit state besides ULS design checks; fire resistance is also checked in the functionality. Since, the composite column check is supported for the Euro Code 4 only; the National code is selected as EC-EN.

Figure 1: Defining the project data

Defining the composite column

The composite column may be defined through 1D-Member->Column or Catalogue Blocks. The composite column cross section is defined by selecting any of the composite sections in the groups Composed in the New cross-sections dialog box.

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Figure 2: Selecting the requisite composite section.

Defining the structural steel section

A rolled or welded structural steel section may be selected corresponding to composite sections types a ;b ; d ; e. For composite section type c only a rolled section is to be selected. Defining the structural steel section includes defining the grade; dimensions (in case of welded) else selecting a suitable type from the profile library in case of rolled.

Defining the concrete

Concrete dimensions need be defined only in case of composite sections of type fully concrete encased with I sections. This is done by defining the covers ta and tb to structural steel. It may be noted that the covers ta and tb to structural steel as illustrated in the figure below are equal on either side to achieve a symmetrical section.

Figure 3: Defining the structural steel and concrete in a composite section

Completing the model

The model is completed by placing the composite column of suitable length on the screen (if defined through 1D Member->Column) or placing the catalogue block (after defining the number of bays and the length of each bay) on the screen. The supports are defined in a usual fashion through Model data->Support in node. A rendered geometry of the model may be viewed if required.

Figure 4: Rendered geometry

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Defining the load cases and corresponding loads

As mentioned in section 2.1 if composite beam is a part of the project; then the user would need to define a construction stage load case through the solver set-up.

Figure 5: Defining the construction stage load case (only if composite beam is included in the project) However; design checks for composite column are not distinguished as construction stage checks or final stage checks (as in composite beams); that is to say that design checks for composite column are always carried out using composite section properties.

Running the analysis calculations

The analysis calculations are now carried out. It may be noted that the analysis could be carried for a linear combination or for a non-linear combination.

Defining the reinforcement

Defining the reinforcement includes: Defining the ties (stirrups) Defining the longitudinal steel This can be done through: Composite->Redes->New stirrup reinforcement followed by Composite->Redes->New longitudinal reinforcement Else, the same could be defined using Composite->Redes->New reinforcement

Figure 6: Defining the reinforcement using REDES In either case the definition of longitudinal steel is to be preceded by the definition of stirrups. Based on the shape of the composite section the corresponding suitable shape of the stirrup will be provided.

Defining the stirrup

The stirrup may be defined using the option New stirrup or Automatic in the stirrup shape dialog box.

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Figure 7: Defining the stirrup Defining the stirrup using the option New stirrup would require defining the end nodes of each stirrup bend specifying the relative/absolute position. Defining the stirrup using the option Automatic would result in a default shape being provided as shown in the figure below.

Figure 8: Defining the stirrup using the Automatic option

Figure 9: Defining the stirrup using New Stirrup option

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Defining the longitudinal steel

Defining the longitudinal steel requires selecting the edge and then defining the reinforcement parameters corresponding to that edge. Having defined the parameters clicking on the New layer option would insert the reinforcement bars based on the defined parameters. If the layers defined for a section do not result in a symmetrical distribution of reinforcement in the section then a message is prompted to the user regarding the same and the defined reinforcement will not be accepted.

Figure 10: Defining the longitudinal steel

Defining the parameters for code check in Composite->Setup

Only the parameters which are relevant to composite column design are discussed below: Material PSF (partial safety factors) These include the partial safety factors for structural steel, reinforcing steel, concrete and headed studs (shear connectors). PSF corresponding to structural steel work (buckling resistance) is used for axial compression check. PSF corresponding to profile steel sheet is not part of composite column design check.

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Calculation parameters These include proportion of total load that is long term (used in computing the flexural stiffness of the composite column considering the time dependent effects); shear connector data and data pertaining to structural steel. Buckling defaults Those used as part of the composite column design check include; default sway types, buckling length ratios ky and kz, maximum k ratio

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Figure 11: Defining the parameters in Composite->Set up

Defining the parameters in Composite->Member data

Data pertaining to shear connector defined as part of the set up data can be overridden by that in the Composite->Member data for a specific member(s) The buckling length ratios for fire limit state can be defined differently than that for ultimate limit state. A user defined temperature time curve may be used for a specific member(s) instead of standard temperature time curve for composite column design checks

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Figure 12: Defining parameters in Composite>Column Member data

Defining the member buckling data

The parameters pertaining to the member buckling data may be defined / redefined in the dialog box corresponding to Composite->1D member->Member buckling data

Figure 13: Defining parameters in Composite->Member buckling data

Performing the code check for ULS or fire limit state

Following the steps above the user may perform the code check for ULS or/and fire limit state. The results for each of the limit states are discussed in the next section

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Figure 14: Design checks

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Results: Composite column code check

The results corresponding to ULS check and fire check are presented in this section.

ULS check
ULS design check is comprised of: Check 1: Pure axial Check 2: Combined axial plus uniaxial bending Check 3: Combined axial plus biaxial bending Check 4: Longitudinal shear check

Check 5: Transverse shear check The checks are carried out about both the principal axis. The design philosophy involving the above checks as well as the corresponding clause reference is discussed in detail in the theoretical background document. The results can be viewed in the following output formats: 1. Detailed output 2. Normal output 3. Brief output Detailed output In case of detailed output the parameters/variables involved in each of the above checks are presented.

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Figure 15: Detailed output Normal output In case of normal output only the effect (internal force), resistance and theutilization ratio pertaining to the checks 1 through 4 is displayed.

Figure 16: Normal output Brief output: In case of detailed output, the most critical utilization ratio of all the above checks at a section is displayed

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Figure 17: Brief output

Fire resistance checks

Fire resistance check is not supported for composite sections of type concrete filled circular hollow sections incorporating an I section and partially concrete encased with crossed I sections due to non-availability of data pertaining to temperature distribution for these sections. Fire resistance check is comprised of pure axial check in accordance to the relevant code. In depth details can be found in the theoretical background document. The results pertaining to the composite sections are presented below: Fully concrete encased sections: Check in accordance to the Tabulated data in Table 4.4

Partially concrete encased sections: Balanced summation model as described in Annex G.

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Concrete filled circular hollow sections and concrete filled rectangular (or square) hollow sections: Generalized design method as described in clause 4.3.5.1 as well as the alternative design method described in the Annex-H

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